+

WO1997014025A1 - Capteur de cognement a rendement eleve de type lineaire - Google Patents

Capteur de cognement a rendement eleve de type lineaire Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1997014025A1
WO1997014025A1 PCT/US1996/011403 US9611403W WO9714025A1 WO 1997014025 A1 WO1997014025 A1 WO 1997014025A1 US 9611403 W US9611403 W US 9611403W WO 9714025 A1 WO9714025 A1 WO 9714025A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sensor
wafer
knock
engine
piezoelectric ceramic
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1996/011403
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Dale Hall
Original Assignee
Motorola Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Motorola Inc. filed Critical Motorola Inc.
Publication of WO1997014025A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997014025A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L23/00—Devices or apparatus for measuring or indicating or recording rapid changes, such as oscillations, in the pressure of steam, gas, or liquid; Indicators for determining work or energy of steam, internal-combustion, or other fluid-pressure engines from the condition of the working fluid
    • G01L23/22—Devices or apparatus for measuring or indicating or recording rapid changes, such as oscillations, in the pressure of steam, gas, or liquid; Indicators for determining work or energy of steam, internal-combustion, or other fluid-pressure engines from the condition of the working fluid for detecting or indicating knocks in internal-combustion engines; Units comprising pressure-sensitive members combined with ignitors for firing internal-combustion engines
    • G01L23/221—Devices or apparatus for measuring or indicating or recording rapid changes, such as oscillations, in the pressure of steam, gas, or liquid; Indicators for determining work or energy of steam, internal-combustion, or other fluid-pressure engines from the condition of the working fluid for detecting or indicating knocks in internal-combustion engines; Units comprising pressure-sensitive members combined with ignitors for firing internal-combustion engines for detecting or indicating knocks in internal combustion engines
    • G01L23/222—Devices or apparatus for measuring or indicating or recording rapid changes, such as oscillations, in the pressure of steam, gas, or liquid; Indicators for determining work or energy of steam, internal-combustion, or other fluid-pressure engines from the condition of the working fluid for detecting or indicating knocks in internal-combustion engines; Units comprising pressure-sensitive members combined with ignitors for firing internal-combustion engines for detecting or indicating knocks in internal combustion engines using piezoelectric devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
    • G01P15/00—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration
    • G01P15/02—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses
    • G01P15/08—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses with conversion into electric or magnetic values
    • G01P15/09—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses with conversion into electric or magnetic values by piezoelectric pick-up
    • G01P15/0907—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses with conversion into electric or magnetic values by piezoelectric pick-up of the compression mode type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
    • H10N30/30—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices with mechanical input and electrical output, e.g. functioning as generators or sensors
    • H10N30/302—Sensors

Definitions

  • This invention relates to acceleration detectors and more specifically to a linear type high output knock sensor for detecting knocking in an internal combustion engine.
  • Knock sensors are well known in the art.
  • the acceleration or the vibration of the intemal combustion engine produces the movement of an internal weight relative to a housing which causes piezoelectric elements to be stressed by the inertial weight, whereby an electrical signal indicative of the movement of the inertial weight relative to the engine is generated from the piezoelectric elements.
  • the electrical signal is provided through the washer terminal and the lead to be analyzed to determine as to whether or not a knocking signal, which is generated upon knocking of the internal combustion engine, is present.
  • the present invention describes an improved high- output automotive knock sensor which allows an actual engine knock to be clearly distinguished from the background noise. It would be considered an improvement, if a linear type high output knock sensor could be used over a broad range of frequencies, and the linear type knock sensor could provide an electrical response of greater amplitude which uniquely allows an electronic interface to clearly distinguish an engine knock from other background noise.
  • FIG. 6 shows a graph of the Net Sensitivity versus Combined Thickness (Frequency) of the high output automotive knock sensor, in accordance with the present invention.
  • the invention shown in the figures is particularly adapted to sensing knocks or (acceleration) in a range of about 5 KHz to about 20 KHz, where most knocks for internal combustion engines occur.
  • a linear type high output knock sensor is advantageous, because it resonates at a frequency in the 50 KHz range, which is far away from the frequency of interest (5-20 KHz region) for knock sensing.
  • FIG. 2 shows an exploded view of the high output automotive knock sensor (100).
  • This linear type knock sensor contains an elongated stud (101 ) having an electrically insulating base plate (102).
  • the high output knock sensor (100 and 300) of the present invention uses piezoelectric wafer elements (1 10 and 1 16) in parallel to increase the sensor capacitance relative to the cable and circuit capacitance, thereby improving the signal to noise ratio of the sensor.
  • piezoelectric wafer elements (1 10 and 1 16) in parallel to increase the sensor capacitance relative to the cable and circuit capacitance, thereby improving the signal to noise ratio of the sensor.
  • no other knock sensors in the industry combine two or more piezoelectric elements in parallel for the purpose of maximizing the net sensitivity when loaded by the cable and sensing circuit, as detailed herein.
  • FIG. 5 provides a simplified electrical schematic which shows loss of current through the cable and measuring circuit.
  • the effect on the measured voltage due to the loss of current can also be expressed in the form of an equation:
  • the placement of the piezoelectric wafers within the knock sensor assembly is important.
  • a polarized surface of a piezoelectric wafer having a first charge in a position such that it faces another polarized surface of a second piezoelectric wafer having the same first charge (i.e., positive in FIG. 1 and negative in FIG. 3)
  • a vibration cancelling effect can be achieved.
  • the placement of the polarized surfaces with predetermined charges of the piezoelectric wafers relative to each other can be critical to cancel noise and to provide large knock detection signals, as shown in FIG. 4B.
  • the instant knock sensor is unique in that it meets all three of the above requirements by providing multiple piezoelectric elements of a predetermined thickness with certain charges in parallel, to provide an adequate output signal which is substantially greater than the background noise in connection with the engine compartment.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Mechanical Vibrations Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un capteur de cognement (100) de type linéaire. Ce capteur est pourvu d'un carter (126) conçu pour se raccorder à un moteur et comportant des fils de sortie servant à amener un signal de sortie à une interface électronique, d'un transducteur comportant plusieurs plaquettes céramiques piézo-électriques (110, 116), configuré pour fournir un signal de cognement sensiblement plus important qu'un signal de bruit. Dans ce dispositif, les plaquettes céramiques piézo-électriques (110, 116), qui sont en connexion électrique parallèle afin d'assurer une sensibilité élevée à la tension à une capacité préétablie, sont disposées avec une surface polarisée d'une première plaquette tournée vers une surface polarisée opposée d'une seconde plaquette, les deux surfaces ayant une charge électrique sensiblement égale de manière à réduire le bruit à son minimum.
PCT/US1996/011403 1995-09-27 1996-07-11 Capteur de cognement a rendement eleve de type lineaire WO1997014025A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US53686095A 1995-09-27 1995-09-27
US08/536,860 1995-09-27

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1997014025A1 true WO1997014025A1 (fr) 1997-04-17

Family

ID=24140222

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1996/011403 WO1997014025A1 (fr) 1995-09-27 1996-07-11 Capteur de cognement a rendement eleve de type lineaire

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO1997014025A1 (fr)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2821432A1 (fr) * 2001-06-28 2002-08-30 Siemens Automotive Sa Capteur accelerometrique, notamment de cliquetis
WO2012033944A1 (fr) * 2010-09-08 2012-03-15 Kids Ii, Inc. Dispositif de commande d'un dispositif de bercement pour enfant et d'un support d'enfant
US20140121934A1 (en) * 2012-10-26 2014-05-01 Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. System for detecting shaft shear event
US8783769B2 (en) 2008-11-10 2014-07-22 Kids Ii, Inc. Electromagnetic children's bouncer
CN106768289A (zh) * 2016-12-28 2017-05-31 山东大学 一种新型高温压电振动传感器
CN108267615A (zh) * 2017-12-18 2018-07-10 北京遥测技术研究所 一种高冲击压电加速度计
US10016069B2 (en) 2014-08-08 2018-07-10 Kids Ii, Inc. Control device for a children's bouncer and infant support

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3006654A1 (de) * 1980-02-22 1981-09-03 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Sensor
US4374472A (en) * 1979-09-29 1983-02-22 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Vibration sensor
US4491010A (en) * 1983-06-20 1985-01-01 General Motors Corporation Dynamic combustion characteristic sensor for internal combustion engine
US4604544A (en) * 1983-10-17 1986-08-05 Jeco Co., Ltd. Piezoelectric pressure indicator
US4637246A (en) * 1983-12-02 1987-01-20 Regie Nationale Des Usines Renault Axial acceleration sensor
US4667127A (en) * 1983-12-28 1987-05-19 Avl Gesellschaft Fur Verbrennungskraftmaschinen Und Messtechnik Mbh, Prof. Dr.Dr.H.C. Hans List Piezoelectric sensor element with at least two single crystal elements
US4704894A (en) * 1984-12-05 1987-11-10 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Resonating knock sensor
US4767960A (en) * 1983-12-15 1988-08-30 Texas Instruments Incorporated Cylinder pressure transmitter for an internal combustion engine
US4966031A (en) * 1988-01-11 1990-10-30 Tdk Corporation Vibration sensor
US5218870A (en) * 1990-04-27 1993-06-15 Mitsubishi Denki K.K. Vibration sensor including a reduced capacity lower portion for maintaining airtightness and enhancing reliability

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4374472A (en) * 1979-09-29 1983-02-22 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Vibration sensor
DE3006654A1 (de) * 1980-02-22 1981-09-03 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Sensor
US4491010A (en) * 1983-06-20 1985-01-01 General Motors Corporation Dynamic combustion characteristic sensor for internal combustion engine
US4604544A (en) * 1983-10-17 1986-08-05 Jeco Co., Ltd. Piezoelectric pressure indicator
US4637246A (en) * 1983-12-02 1987-01-20 Regie Nationale Des Usines Renault Axial acceleration sensor
US4767960A (en) * 1983-12-15 1988-08-30 Texas Instruments Incorporated Cylinder pressure transmitter for an internal combustion engine
US4667127A (en) * 1983-12-28 1987-05-19 Avl Gesellschaft Fur Verbrennungskraftmaschinen Und Messtechnik Mbh, Prof. Dr.Dr.H.C. Hans List Piezoelectric sensor element with at least two single crystal elements
US4704894A (en) * 1984-12-05 1987-11-10 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Resonating knock sensor
US4966031A (en) * 1988-01-11 1990-10-30 Tdk Corporation Vibration sensor
US5218870A (en) * 1990-04-27 1993-06-15 Mitsubishi Denki K.K. Vibration sensor including a reduced capacity lower portion for maintaining airtightness and enhancing reliability

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2821432A1 (fr) * 2001-06-28 2002-08-30 Siemens Automotive Sa Capteur accelerometrique, notamment de cliquetis
US8783769B2 (en) 2008-11-10 2014-07-22 Kids Ii, Inc. Electromagnetic children's bouncer
US9370260B2 (en) 2008-11-10 2016-06-21 Kids Ii, Inc. Control device for a children's bouncer
US9955800B2 (en) 2008-11-10 2018-05-01 Kids Ii, Inc. Control device for a children's bouncer
WO2012033944A1 (fr) * 2010-09-08 2012-03-15 Kids Ii, Inc. Dispositif de commande d'un dispositif de bercement pour enfant et d'un support d'enfant
US8757716B2 (en) 2010-09-08 2014-06-24 Kids Ii, Inc. Control device for a children's bouncer and infant support
EP3437523A1 (fr) * 2010-09-08 2019-02-06 Kids II, Inc. Dispositif de commande pour sauteuse ou support de bébé
US20140121934A1 (en) * 2012-10-26 2014-05-01 Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. System for detecting shaft shear event
US10167784B2 (en) * 2012-10-26 2019-01-01 Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. System for detecting shaft shear event
US10016069B2 (en) 2014-08-08 2018-07-10 Kids Ii, Inc. Control device for a children's bouncer and infant support
CN106768289A (zh) * 2016-12-28 2017-05-31 山东大学 一种新型高温压电振动传感器
CN106768289B (zh) * 2016-12-28 2019-04-05 山东大学 一种高温压电振动传感器
CN108267615A (zh) * 2017-12-18 2018-07-10 北京遥测技术研究所 一种高冲击压电加速度计

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US5804961A (en) Magnetostrictive waveguide position measurement apparatus using piezoelectric sensor
US5834650A (en) Vibration detecting sensor
US5052226A (en) Accelerometer with piezoelectric element
US8915139B1 (en) Relaxor-based piezoelectric single crystal accelerometer
US4333029A (en) Piezoelectric seismic sensor for intrusion detection
US5821743A (en) Magnetostrictive waveguide position measurement apparatus with piezoceramic element
WO1997014025A1 (fr) Capteur de cognement a rendement eleve de type lineaire
US4316440A (en) Knock detecting apparatus for internal combustion engine
EP1842072A1 (fr) Capteur piezo-electrique isole de la terre pour mesurer l'acceleration ou la pression
JPS6226409B2 (fr)
US4307602A (en) Knock sensor
JPH0466159B2 (fr)
US4476711A (en) Combined vibration and temperature sensor
US5602529A (en) Structure-borne sound detector for an intruder alarm system
CN110849469A (zh) 一种圈梁结构高性能压电加速度计
JP3153360B2 (ja) 衝撃検知センサ
US5125263A (en) Acceleration detector
JP3657166B2 (ja) 圧電ノックセンサ
JPS6117288B2 (fr)
KR20170078382A (ko) 가속도 센서
US3289155A (en) Seismic acceleration detector
JPH07901Y2 (ja) 振動センサ
JPS6333138Y2 (fr)
JPH0921697A (ja) 振動センサ
JPH05332872A (ja) 圧電型圧力センサ

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): CN JP

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE

121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application
122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase
点击 这是indexloc提供的php浏览器服务，不要输入任何密码和下载