WO1997013398A2

WO1997013398A2 - Metal-to-metal rotatory valve systems without sealing rings

Info

Publication number: WO1997013398A2
Application number: PCT/EP1996/005815
Authority: WO
Inventors: Engelbert Van Bentum
Original assignee: T.M.B. Pensioen B.V.
Priority date: 1996-12-30
Filing date: 1996-12-30
Publication date: 1997-04-17
Also published as: AU1378497A; WO1997013398A3

Abstract

Valve member (3) has a limited freedom of rotation and/or translation in a plane perpendicular to the system axes and around spindle system (5). A pretensioned spring (4) is arranged inbetween valve member (3) and the spindle eccenter (5). A complete closing stroke of spindle (5') forces the valve member consecutively to: rotate, translate onto the seat and to be pressurized according to the angle-formula in the table (VM = valve member). Within practical limits, all 4 angles can be given any value guiding pins (6), running through slots in the sidewalls of housing (1), stop the rotation of valve member (3) when its sealing face is aligned with the central seat axis and then maintain the translatory movement of the spherical sealing face onto the seat. Continuation of the spindle rotation pressurizes the valve member to its preset value. Opening the valve demands the reverse procedure.

Description

Metal-to-metal rotatory valve systems without sealing rings.

TECHNICAL FIELD The invention relates generally to valves and more particularly to rotatable valves having a free floating valve member pro¬ vided with a sealing face shaped as a more or less complete surface of a solid of revolution. The metal to metal sealing is established through a final translatory movement without any friction on the seat or sealing face. The valve remains closed under the most severe conditions like very high pressures and temperatures. The valve, and so its shutoff function, is only collapsing when the mechanical and temperature limits of the applied materials are not respected. These properties together with the design permit the valve, according the invention, to be applied as absolute fire-safe for all pressure/temperature combi¬ nations and also to be applied for both throttling and shutoff purposes for all kind of fluids. The new valve design can also be manufactured out of non-metallic components; like Teflon.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In the design of industrial fluid flow systems it is standard engineering practice to select different types of valves for different demands: shutoff ,dynamic fluid control, heat and fire resistant, chemical resistant, abrasive and corrosive purposes or for any combination of all these phenomena.

Fluid shutoff valves are selected for tight sealing characteris¬ tics to minimize fluid leakage. Fluid control valves are selected to precisely control dynamic fluid flows characteristics like flow rate or pressure. Both solutions are mostly contradictory and lead many times to double solutions.E.g.in case of highly corrosive proces media a globe valve for throttling and a plug valve for shuttoff purpo- ses are installed.

The classical ball valve with two seats offers both facilities: shutoff and throttling. However, the sealing rings are fricti¬ onally held onto the ball surface and thus constitute its limi¬ tations, whether soft sealing or metallic sealing is used. Conventional soft sealing.The limits to the use of soft seals in shut-off valves are essentially defined by the application conditions,namely extreme temperature and pressure, but also by the properties of the media themselves. In by far the most cases, ball valves are equipped with sealing elements consisting of polymers. The PTFE grades can be looked upon as being standard materials but are limited by natural boundries, like the combinations of diameters and operating pressures and temperatures.

Metallic seal systems. The basic demands for metallic seal systems together with the balls are: resistant to wear, resistant to corrosion and pres- sure and suitable for use under high and low temperature. To achieve low unseating and turn-over torques, greatest attention must be paid to the frictional behaviour between ball and seal. These demands are very complex and partly contradictory. A satisfactory seal can be attained only if the ball and its seal rings are machined extremely precisely.In order to meet the above mentioned requirements for metallic seals top priority must be assigned to the selection of materials, many times resulting in sophisticated and expensive coatings for ball and seal rings. Whatever solution is preferred,soft seals or hard metallic seals ,the sealing problem allways remains.

As a result, over a long industrial period, many new valves or improved ball valves have been proposed and introduced to obtain the ideal seal or ideal sealing proces. For instance: flexible seats, ball segments or balls that are eccentrically rotated while sometimes adding a translatory movement, flex¬ ible seals in combination with eccentric moving valve members ,eccentrically placed valve members, 90 degrees rotation from open to closed without seat contact and a subsequent transla- tion towards the seat a.s.o., a.s.o.

The technical area is so broad, that only some prevailing pa¬ tents are mentioned: WO (91/09242 - 91/14891 - 92/03675 ) EPA (0107 868 - 0116 530 - 0159 799 - 0216 200 ) Consequently there is a need for a new type of valve fitted with a "static" metal-to-metal seal and to be used under even the most challanging operational conditions.

DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION The main aim of the present invention is to provide a valve system where a certain rotation of a spindle, e.g. 90 or 101 or 180 degrees, forces a valve member to rotate from a fully open position right in front of a seat whilst the sealing surface on the valve member is axially aligned with the cen- tral seat-face axis(being the flow system axis in most cases) and then with a translatory movement is linearly placed on the seat and after this "seating" is pressurized with a desired and preset closing pressure. E.g.:

Total Spindle angle Spindle angle Spindle angle

Angle of rot.= Angle of rotation for rotation for

Spindle Valve Member Valve Member Valve Member

Rotation = Rotation + Translation + Pressurizing o o o o

90 = 72 + 9 + 9 o o o o

113 — 85 + 5 + 23 o o o o

180 = 90 + 15 + 75

Other objects of the invention are to eliminate the previous¬ ly described disadvantages of the different types of valves by providing :

- a metal to metal sealing without friction and wear

- maximum allowable operational pressures (e.g. 15.000 psi) in combination with extremely high temperatures (600°Cels.) and absolute fire safe.

- shutoff and throttling characteristics

- low manufacturing costs; only the ANNULAR sealing areas demand precision and only a few composing parts are invol¬ ved

- independant of the medium pressure, any desired closing pressure can be installed, which is reduced to zero before lifting the valve.

According the invention, a valve member with a diametric and/or an axial throughbore, is given a certain freedom of rotation and/or translation in a cylindrical housing . The valve member is suspended to a rotating spindle with a pretensioned spring mechanism. The spindle is provided with one or more eccentric circular or non-circular surfaces which act directly or indirectly through frictional forces upon the springmechanism which on its turn is integrated in the valve member and activates the valve member. In case the spindle is axially guided through the center of the valve , it is provided with a diametric throughbore with the same diameters as the supply conducts in the valve housing ;when the spindle is constructed outside and around the valve member, no throughbore is needed.

The dynamic behaviour of the valve system is determined by: - the rotation axis of the spindle with eccentric parts

- the rotation axis of the solid of revolution (the sealing part) on the valve member , eventual coinciding with the initial rotation axis of the valve member

- the rotation axis of the centric (in relation to the rotation axis of the valve member) or non-centric axial throughbore in the valve member which receives the eccentric part(s)

- guiding pins with slots

- lever engaging mechanism

- the springmechanism which is frictionally hold to the eccentric parts on the spindle. - the housing axis , in a passive sense

These four (4) axes all run paralelly and may all coincide or not, leading to a great variety of engineering solutions each with specific demands. (16 configurations) In the fully open position, the geometric relation between housing conducts,the diametric throughbore in the valve mem¬ ber and the diametric throughbore in the spindle is such that all throughbores are axially aligned in the sense of and with the axis of the flow system , so providing an ideal unrestricted flow. TO CLOSE the system, the spindle is rotated and forces the valve member to rotate centrically or excentrically into its closing position in front of the seat. This position is gouverned and established by one or more guiding pins on the valve member, which run through slots in the housing walls and prevent an uncontrolled drifting of the valve member. Now the axis of the valve member still has to travel in a lateral sense towards the seat-face, the spindle rotation continues and translates the sealing surface onto the recei¬ ving seat face. Rotation is prevented by the guiding pins in the slots. The pins only permit a linear movement along the central axis of the seat.The linear movement itself is gene¬ rated by means of a sliding action of the eccentric spindle parts along the springsystem. To provide the desired closing pressure, the last angle rotation of the spindle is used to exert a radial force on the valve member. While rotation is still impossible, the eccentric part(s) compress the spring¬ system and create the closing force.

OPENING the valve, means a reverse spindle rotation. First the valve member is "decompressed", which results in a mechanical contact between spindle and the inner surface of the valve member. A strong eccenter-force pulls the valve member of its seat and the whole valve-system starts rota¬ ting around the spindle axis into its fully open position. Eventual small positional deflections are stretched out in the last degrees of rotation. The guiding pins force the valve member in a fully aligned position with the flow-axis and the eventual resulting small deviations, radial or translatory, are absorbed by the springsystem and/or the slots. To be sure of the absolute rotation angles of the valve member,as well in a forward as in a backward sense, small lever is pivotally attached to the spindle and rotata¬ ble in a plane standing perpendicularly on the 4 rotation axes of the valve.The lever guarantees a positive engagement or disengagement between spindle and valve member at the crucial moments by entering or leaving a dimensioned cavity in the valve member.Allthough the valve system is composed of only a few parts, its dynamic behaviour is most complex, caused by: : the coinciding or not coinciding of 4 axes, leading to 16 different axes configurations : the springloaded valve system

: the many "double" ways in which the valve principle can be engineered and "materialised". infinite scala of angle-combinations between the dominating spindle rotation,in industry mostly 90 or 180 degrees and the valve-member.Here the angles of spindle rotation can be given any value within practical limits. The same is true for the "following" valve member, with the connotation that its angle of rotation is allways smaller compared with the spindle rotation angle. This is demonstrated in the following scheme of all engineering possibilities, which are all nevertheless principally based on the theoretical principle of a valve member having freedom of movement around or within a spindle system and which all are attached and suspended to each other by means of a spring mechanism.

Engineering alternatives Possibilities spindle one bearing two or more 2

circular non-circular ecc.portion ecc.portion 2 _X constructed constructed outside the inside the valve member valve member 2 _X spring outside the inside the system valve member vale member 2

_X eccentric directly or directly or forces indirectly indirectly on the inside on the outside of valve mem. of valve mem. 2 X four (4) giving 16 different configu- rotation rations axes 16

engineering alternatives — — — - 512 These 512 different concepts have to be multiplied with an infinite number of angle-combinations (as mentioned). The complexity of the new valve shall become more clear when explained in a few most preferred embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form a part of the specification, illustrate several preferred embodiments of the invention. In the drawings:

Fig.-l is a cross-sectional view of a rotating valve in accordance with the teachings of the invention in a fully open position. The spindle eccenter travels in the center of the valve member. Two bearings for the spindle. Spring¬ system inside valve member

Total spindle rotation = 90 degrees Valve member rotation = 72 degrees

Spindle angle for translation = 9 degrees Spindle angle for pressurizing = 9 degrees Housing rotation axis H coincides with Spindle axis S, both coinciding with axis of valve member V from 90 to 18 degrees of rotation. Then axis V separates through translation.

Eccentricity of inner circle (Rl) axis C, projected on the flow axis F and in relation to the housing axis H equals the eccentric value of the circular eccenter on the spindle. Fig-2 Enlarged diagram (1:20) of excentricity on spindle Fig-3 Cross-sectional view of the fully closed valve ac¬ cording the valve from fig-1 after 90 degrees spindle rota¬ tion and 72 degrees of valve member rotation.

Fig-4 Guiding pins running in slots in the housing walls Fig-5 Engaging and disengaging functions between spindle and valve member - separately drawn

Fig-6 Engaging and disengaging mechanism incorporated in one pivotable lever

Fig-7 Cross-sectional view of the valve along line A-A according valve from fig-1 Fig-8 Diagram of the four non coinciding axes H-S-V-C according fig-10 Fig-9 Front view of spindle with circular eccentric part according fig 10 Fig-10 Valve, in closed position, like shown in fig-3, but with the only exception that none of the axes are coinciding. Fig-11 Cross-section of valve-system according the inven¬ tion with a spindle rotation of 180 degrees - valve member rotation 90 degrees. Both spindle & valve member have rotated 90 degrees = half closed position. Axes H-S-V coincide. Eccentricity value of circular part on spindle = 2 mm Fig-12 Cross-section of valve according fig-ll, but fully closed. Axes H-S coincide. Axis V translated over 0,5 mm.

Fig-13 Valve according fig-ll and fig-12 in six different angle configurations I -II-III-IV-V-VI-I.

Fig-14 Alternative valve according the invention. - Springload (disksprings) outside the valve member

- Eccenter functions outside the valve member

- Spindle travelling inside valve member Fig-15 Same valve as in fig-14 , but with rectangular springload on the backside of the valve-member Fig 16 Alternative valve according the invention :

- springload outside the valve member

- eccenter functions outside valve member

- spindle on the outside and rotationally envelloping valve member Fig-17 & 18 . Alternative valve according the invention

- restricted through-flow

- eccentric functions and springs outside the flow- path but inside the valve member

Fig-l9 Valve according the invention with double and opposed springloads

Fig-20 Valve according the invention with a special mounting support

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Reference will now be made in detail to the present preferred embodiments of the invention, examples of wich are illustra¬ ted in the accompanying drawings. Fig-1-2-3 show a first preferred embodiment of the new valve system. A rotatable valve system is shown having a main valve body 1 with an inlet and an outlet, both connected to a cyl¬ indrical housing. Valve member 3 has freedom of rotation and translation of its axis-V in the cylindrical housing. A spindle 5' is guided through the center of valve member 3. The cylindrical eccentric part 5 of the spindle is travelling inside circular cavity Rl at the same time supporting it with radial and tangential flexibility by means of a pretensioned spring 4 ; spindle eccenter 5 is frictionally held and pressed to the inner wall Rl of the valve member by said spring 5. In the fully open position, the geometric relation¬ ship between housing conducts (x) , the diametric throughbore (y) in the valve member and the diametric throughbore (z) in the spindle is such that all throughbores are axially aligned in the sense of the flow direction and so providing an ideal flow path.

Rotation of the spindle, forces the valve member to follow, with or without a slip-action . The circle axis-C of the circular cavity Rl does not coincide with the rotation axis-V of the valve member. In the fully open position , see fig-1,the value of the eccentricity of Rl projected along the flow-axis F, equals the value of eccentricity E of the cir- cular eccenter 5 on the spindle. This allows the valve member 3 to be rotated around the spindle axis-S into its closing position in front of seat 2 , perfectly aligned with the central axis-F of the seat face. In this example both spindle and valve member rotate together over an angle of 72 degrees (from 90 to 18 degrees). See fig-2. For this angle of 72 de¬ grees axes H=S=V coincide.Continuing the spindle rotation for the next 9 degrees , guiding pins 6 prevent a further rotati¬ on of the valve member. Pins 6 are attached to the valve mem¬ ber and run through slots 8 in the housing walls (see fig-4). The slots in the housing walls are provided with straight allongations which allow the valve member to translate paral- elly with the flow axis-F onto the seat 2 over a distance d. As can be seen, the annular opening d between valve member 3 and seat 2 , is exactly the same as the translation distance (d), which of course is the same as the paralelly translation of axis-V of the valve member. So: valve opening d = translation t Once the spherical sealing part (of an annular shape) of the valve member has landed on the seat face, the valve mem¬ ber can't move anymore and continuing the spindle rotation over its last 9 degrees, the spring is compressed over the length 1 ,at the same time pressing the valve member firmly on the seat.

Opening the valve starts with a "decompression" of spring 4 and the valve member by rotating spindle 5' in a reverse di¬ rection over 9 degrees. At the end of this 9 degrees, spindle eccenter 5 touches the inner wall Rl of the valve member again (opening 1 = o again) and the unseating torque applied on spindle 5' results in a strong eccenter force parallel to the flow axis-F, thus unseating the valve member from seat 2. The moment the valve member is freed from its seat, valve member 3 + spring 4 + spindle 5 start rotating around spindle axis-S into full-open position. In case the axis-V is not to¬ tally centered after the unseating moment, this shall happen during the degrees of rotation before the fully open positi¬ on. Guiding pins 6 force the valve member in an aligned posi¬ tion, while spring 4 and slots 8 absorb all deviations. The same happens during the closing action.

To guarantee a perfect rotation of the valve member of 72 degrees in a forward and backward sense , two principle func¬ tions have to be build in the system:

- from the moment the valve is closed (starting at 90 de- grees), a lever mechanism engaged εpindle 5 to the valve member and disengages exactly after 72 degrees of rotation (see left function in fig 5)

- exactly 18 degrees after the spindle started to rotate for opening the valve, the valve member is engaged with the spindle 5' (see right function in fig-5). Both these func¬ tions are incorporated in lever mechanism 12 - see fig-6. The lever is pivotally attached to spindle 5' and is operated by guiding pin 11 running through a slot 10 in the housing wall. Exactly after 72 degrees rotation, the lever leaves the housing in the valve member, allowing the spindle to continue its rotation. In the reverse direction spindle and valve mem- ber start engaging after 18 degrees of spindle rotation. For some axes configurations a safety extension 7 on the spindle 5' is provided to prevent a backward movement of the excenter 5. (see fig-3) The extension 7 runs through a groove in the cylindrical housing and locks the spindle 5' in the fully closed position by following an elevated curve in the final part of its rotation.

Fig-7 shows clearly that valve body 3 has no ball shape. Only the sealing surface is here of a spherical origine. Fig-8-9-10 show an embodiment where all rotation axes H-S-V-C and the eccenter have a different location. Also is shown in fig-8 a special embodiment where the valve member axis-V is rotated over an angle of 72 degrees (from 90 to 18 degrees) using the two crossings with the flow axis-F for the beginning and the end of the valve member rotation. As stated already, an infinite variety of angle-combina¬ tions is possible between spindle and valve member, although in a practical sense, this number is limited by common practice in industry. Fig-11-12 show a first preferred embo¬ diment for a valve with a spindle rotation of 180 degrees and 90 degrees rotation for the valve member.Eccenter value = 2mm When the spindle is rotated from 90 to 75 degrees, the valve member is translated over a distance of 0,5mm onto the seat. Continuing rotation from 75 to 0 degrees, results in a valve compression of 1,5 mm (= 1 ). For a better understanding of the valve principle , a flow chart is made from the valve according fig-11-12 , in fig-13, to give an impression of the relative angle movements of spindle and valve member in relation to the housing.

Allready mentioned are the 512 different embodiments of the valve principle. Fig-14-15-16-17-18-19 give some examples of the versatility of the new valve design. In some cases the mounting of a heavy springload could create difficulties. Thereto in fig 19-20 two methods are given to overcome these difficulties. Both methods are based on fully tensioning the valve without the proposed extra spring 4 or the rotation support 15 for the spindle. Once the valve system is pressurized ,the extra spring or support are easily shoven behind the spindle because there is no mechanical contact between spindle and inner wall Rl of the valve member.

Allthough particular embodiments of the invention have been disclosed, all variations thereof may occur to an artisan and the scope of the invention is only to be limited by the scope of the appended claims.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY

The valve system as described, is most applicable for all flow shutoff and flow control functions, liquid or gas. The absence of friction and wear on the seat or valve member, the adjustable closing pressure to any desired value, the absence of wearing sealing rings, the metal to metal concept for the highest pressures and temperatures in combination, make this valve design attractive for nearly every branch of industry. The limits of the valve system are only set by the level of modern valve technology in industry.

Claims

1. The invention is related to rotary valve systems which comprise:

: a valve housing with a cylindrical cavity and two con- ducts connected thereto , their flow axes standing perpendi¬ cularly to the cylindrical cavity axis,

: a predominantly rotating valve member rotating in said cavity around a driving spindle axis parallel to the cavity axis and having a sealing face shaped as a more or less complete surface of a solid of revolution,

: the valve member, on opening or closing of the valve, is initially lifted from its seat and next is turned around an axis PERPENDICULAR to the central seat axis,

: the opening and closing movement outside the valve housing being fully rotatory by means of a driving spindle, which axis runs parallel to the cavity axis,

: the dynamics of the valve member inside the valve being partially: rotatory , translatory and immobily CHARACTERISED IN THAT - for the valve systems the continuous rotation of a spindle (5') is used to transmit this rotation consecutively in three steps to a valve member (3) as a result of which the valve member(3) is consecutively in three steps rotated, translated and pressurized in order to close the valve or in the reverse direction: depressurized, translated and rotated to open the valve , and both rotations expressed in the formula:

total angle = angle I + angle II + angle III of spindle spindle rot. spindle rot. spindle rot. rotation for VM rota- for VM trans- for VM (de-) tion lation pressurizing ( VM = valve member )

- for the valve systems, within practical limits, all four angles according the formula can be given any desired value,

- in the valve systems according the formula, the diametric throughbores (Y-Z-X) of the valve member (3) ,the spindle (5) and the housing (1) in the fully open situation, compose an unrestricted flow through the valve system

- the valve systems are composed of a housing(l) in which valve member (3) can rotate and /or translate in a plane perpendi¬ cular to the housing axis H, said valve member rotating with sufficient clearance around or within a driving spindle (5) system, said valve member (3) being attached and suspended to eccentric spindle(5) parts by means of a springmechanism(4)

- the valve member (5) is guided through a specific trajectory with help of guiding pins 6 running through slots (8) - a lever engaging mechanism is provided (12) to connect and disconnect valve member (3) and spindle (5) mechanically in the shared part of their rotation

- specific mounting aids (15 , 4') are provided

- a greasing system through spindle (5'-5) is provided - the dynamic behaviour of the valve systems is determined by the angle rotation of the spindle, the eccentricities on said spindle, four parallel system axes H-S-V-C, guiding pins(6) with slots(8) and the lever engaging mechanism (12)

2. Valve systems as claimed in claim 1, with a valve member ,provided with a sealing face being a surface of a solid of revolution and initially lifted from its seat along the central seat axis and next is turned around an axis perpendicular to said central seat axis, characterised - in that valve member (3) mainly rotates and\or translates, with sufficient clearance in a housing, said rotating and translating in a plane perpendicular to the rotation axes H and S of respectively the housing (1) and the spindle (5)

- in that valve member (3) is rotating and\or translating with sufficient clearance around a spindle (5) which on its turn is travelling through the center of the valve member,

- or in that the valve member is rotating inside a spindle system which is rotationally arranged outside said valve member - in that in case the spindle (5) is travelling through the center, the valve member is equipped with an axial through¬ bore of a curved nature while the curve's rotation centre C coincides or does not coincide with the valve members princi- pally arranged rotation axis V , and in case the spindle is rotationally arranged outside the valve member ,it needs no axial throughbore

- in that the valve member is provided with a diametric throughbore (Y) with its axis preferebly perpendicular to its axial rotation axis, while the diameter of the throughbore (Y) is adapted to the flow system

- in that the valve member is provided with inner or outer adaptations to incorporate a spring system (4)

3. Valve systems as claimed in claim 1, characterised

- in that a spindle(5) is travelling through the valve members cavity Rl or rotationally arranged around the valve member, while the direction of spindle rotation is set by guiding pins (6) in slots (8) - in that spindle(5) is provided with one or more eccentric portions which act directly or indirectly in a radial sense upon a spring system (4) attached to the valve member

- in that the eccentric portions are either received in the above mentioned axial throughbore Rl or are received in equivalent throughbores in help means (14) arranged outside the valve member

- in that the spindle (5) is provided with one or more bearings in housing (l),

4. Valve systems as claimed in claim 1, characterised - in that a springsystem (4) is directly or indirectly com¬ pressed inbetween a spindle and a valve member and so hol¬ ding the valve member(3) frictionally and by pressure to the spindle(5) , said springsystem so intermediating by transmit¬ ting radial and/or tangential forces from the eccentric por- tions of the spindle (5) to valve member (3) and at the same time absorbing all radial and lateral differences between the spindle axis S and the rotation axis V of the valve member

- in that a springsystem(4)in a dynamic sense is incorporated inbetween the spindle(5) and the cooperating valve member (3) in such a way that spindle and valve member can separate¬ ly or in combination rotate and rotate and\or translate

5. Valve systems as claimed in claim 1, characterised

- in that the eccentric forces are generated by one or more radially extending and eccentriccally curved portions on the spindle (5) and said forces are directly or indirectly trans¬ mitted onto a springmechanism (4) ,

- in that the eccentric forces are either inwardly,via a spring (4), transmitted onto the valve member (3), or outwardly of the valve member with help of transporting elements(14) slidingly arranged against the valve members sides, via a springmechanism onto the valve member

6. Valve systems as claimed in claim 1, characterised - in that guiding pins (6) are provided , said pins extending sidewards and parallel to the axis V and run with sufficient clearance through adapted slots (8) in the side walls of the housing (1)

- in that guiding pins(6) at the end of the valve members rota- tion ,in front of the seat or in fully open position, stop the valve members rotation and from then on said pins only allow a straight and translatory movement for the valve mem¬ ber along the central axis F of the seat face ,

7. Valve systems as claimed in claim 1, characterised - in that slots are provided in the side walls of the housing or cover, said slots(8) receiving guiding pins(6) with suffi¬ cient clearance , and said slots being curved and adapted to the desired rotation and or translation movements of the valve member , said slots being provided with straight parts at their ends, running parallelly to the flow axis F and the central seat axis,

8. Valve systems as claimed in claim 1, characterised

- in that a lever mechanism (12) is provided , consisting of a lever pivotally (9) attached to spindle(5) and rotating in a plane perpendicular to spindle axis S , while the levers rotation is initiated by a guiding pin(ll) running through a slot(lθ) in a side wall of housing (1), when the spindle rotates

- in that extension(13) being radially fixed to spindle(5) runs idle over a certain angle through a cavity in the valve mem¬ ber, said extension becoming engaged, maximally over the absolute angle of rotation of the valve member for the ope¬ ning procedure - in that, after a certain spindle rotation, guiding pin (11) rotates the lever into the aforementioned cavity and so engages the spindle to the valve member for the back¬ ward stroke

9. Valve systems as claimed in claim 1, characterised

- in that greasing channels are provided in the spindle (5)

10. Valve systems as claimed in claim 1, characterised

- in that special mounting means ( 4' , 15) are provided

11. Valve systems as claimed in claim 1, characterised - in that the dynamic behaviour of the valve member during a full forward and backward stroke of the spindle is in different combinations determined by : the angle of spindle rotation and the eccentricities provided around spindle axis S ... the spring system (4) the curve of the axial throughbore Rl , or the replacing throughbores in the transportation means (14) the coinciding or none coinciding housing axis H - spindle axis S - valve member axis V -throughbore axis C ... the guiding pins (6) in cooperation with slots (8) ... the lever mechanism (12)

12. Valve systems as claimed in claim 1 , and according any of the foregoing claims, characterised in that any possible combination, is composed of alter- natives from:the angle formula, and the valve member(3), and spindle(5) ,and spring system(4) ,and spindle eccentricities(5) and guiding pins(6), and slots (8), and lever mechanism(12) , and the dynamic principles for the valve member.

13. Valve systems as claimed in claim 1 and according alternatives from claims 2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10 and 11 , characterised in that: said systems are composed according the angle formula and comprise

— a spherical sealing face

— an angle of spindle(5') rotation of exactly 90 or 180° — a spindle eccentricity, positively extending in a radial sense, having the spindle axis as its center of rotation, while the maximum circular eccenter value is used in the fully open position and coinciding with the flow axis F

— a valve member rotation axis V coinciding with the rotati¬ on axis for the solid of revolution to create a spherical sealing face — H(ousing) and S(pindle) and V(alve member) axes coinciding during the closing rotation of the valve member

— an initial rotation center C for the circular cavity Rl and a projection of said center C along the flow axis F, in the fully open position, which in length exactly equals the eccentric value E from the circular eccenter on spindle (5)

— a valve member rotation axis V which in fully-closed posi¬ tion has translated along the F-axis over a distance (t), being the clearance distance (d) between valve member (3) and annular seat (2)

— a compression of spring (4) along the F-axis of length (1) in the fully-closed position

— an engaging mechanism (12) , and a locking pin (7)

— guiding pins (6) with slots (8) — a greasing system in spindle (5)

— circular throughbores X-Y-Z in fully-open position aligned

— safety extension (7)