WO1997006372A1

WO1997006372A1 - Vibration isolation device

Info

Publication number: WO1997006372A1
Application number: PCT/JP1996/002146
Authority: WO
Inventors: Tsukasa Kishizono; Ikuo Shimoda; William Henry Robinson
Original assignee: Oiles Corporation
Priority date: 1995-08-04
Filing date: 1996-07-30
Publication date: 1997-02-20
Also published as: ITRM960550A1; US5761856A; NZ313289A; MY115738A; IT1284199B1; CN1080850C; CN1158155A; ITRM960550A0; KR100316196B1; KR970705712A

Abstract

A vibration isolation device (5) comprises an elastic body (3), in which elastic material layers and rigid material layers are alternately laminated on one antoher, and a columnar-shaped lead (4) arranged in a hollow portion (12) defined by an inner peripheral surface (9) of the elastic body (3). A ratio Vp/Ve of a volume Vp of the columnar-shaped lead (4) to a volume Ve of the hollow portion (12), with the columnar-shaped lead (4) not inserted and a load exerted on the elastic body (3), ranges from 1.02 to 1.12.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a device that is arranged between two structures to absorb the energy of relative horizontal vibration between the two structures and reduce vibration acceleration to the structures. In particular, it relates to a seismic isolation device that attenuates seismic energy to reduce earthquake input acceleration and to prevent damage to structures such as buildings and bridges, and to a system using one or more seismic isolation devices. BACKGROUND ART As a vibration energy absorber, for example, a vibration energy absorber described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-17984 is known, and there are two vibration energy absorbers. It has a lead member that is fixed between the structures and plastically deforms by applying a shearing force. Such a lead member of the vibration energy absorber favorably absorbs vibration energy without causing cracks or the like in the plastic deformation thereof. Absorbed differently The energy is not returned to the structure, the deformed state is maintained, and it is difficult to return the structure to its original position.

A seismic isolation device is obtained by alternately stacking elastic plates made of rubber or the like that constitute the elastic material layer and metal plates that constitute the rigid material layer, and fixing them to each other by vulcanization bonding or the like. Although the elastic body reduces the input acceleration of the earthquake and protects the structure from the destructive force of the earthquake for the time being, it has low vibration energy absorption capacity, and when used alone as a seismic isolation device However, compared with the above lead members, there are various practical problems from the viewpoint of seismic engineering and vibration engineering, such as the fact that it takes a long time for the post-earthquake vibration of a structure subjected to earthquake motion to subside.

Therefore, the elastic body and the elastic body must be penetrated to have both the ability to absorb vibration energy in plastic deformation of the lead member and the ability to reduce and restore the seismic input acceleration of the elastic body. A seismic isolation device having the above-mentioned columnar lead is also proposed in the above-mentioned publication.

The seismic isolation device 5 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is constructed by alternately laminating an elastic plate 1 made of rubber or the like constituting an elastic material layer and an annular rigid plate 2 constituting a rigid material layer. An annular elastic body 3 to be fixed, a cylindrical lead 4 disposed in a hollow portion 12 defined by a cylindrical inner peripheral surface 9 of the elastic body 3, a lower surface of the cylindrical lead 4 and A flange 18 attached to each of the lower and upper surfaces of the elastic body 3 with a port or the like in contact with the upper surface, respectively. For example, the flange 18 side is fixed to one structure such as a foundation, and the other side such as a building is fixed to the flange 19 side. It is mounted and used to receive a vertical load X from a building or the like via flange plate 19.

In such a seismic isolation device 5, if the columnar lead 4 arranged in the hollow portion 12 is not restrained by the elastic body 3 without any gap, the lateral force due to the earthquake When (horizontal force) F is generated, a gap is generated between the inner peripheral surface 9 of the elastic body 3 and the cylindrical outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical lead 4 in contact with the elastic body 3, and the lateral force F In relation to the lateral displacement (horizontal displacement) δ, the characteristic becomes unstable as shown by the hysteresis curve 21 in FIG. 5, and the effect of the columnar lead 4 can be obtained so much. Therefore, it is difficult to obtain the desired seismic isolation effect. On the other hand, if the columnar lead 4 is restrained more than necessary by the elastic body 3, the elastic material layer of the elastic body 3 will be deformed by the plastic deformation of the cylindrical lead 4 due to the lateral force F due to the earthquake. It is excessively compressed, which causes early deterioration of the elastic material layer of the elastic body 3 and causes a problem in durability. There is a limit to the amount of lead that can be pressed into the hollow portion 12 of the elastic body 3 in order to form the columnar lead 4, and a certain amount or more of lead is pressed into the hollow portion 12 of the elastic body 3. This is difficult, and if it is forcibly performed, the elastic body 3 itself may be damaged. In the case of the seismic isolation device 5 shown in Figs. 1 and 2, when the lateral displacement repeatedly occurs due to several degrees of earthquake, the peripheral portions of the upper and lower surfaces of the columnar lead 4 are changed. It may be rounded, and an annular gap may occur between the peripheral portion and the elastic body 3.

When a lateral force F is generated by the earthquake with respect to the seismic isolation device 5 described above, the relationship between the lateral force F and the lateral displacement <5 is expressed by the diagonal rigidity Ker and the elastic body 3. When the lateral (horizontal) stiffness K r is approximately the same, in other words, the shear yield load A u based on the shear yield load A u of the cylindrical lead 4 restrained by the elastic body 3 without any gap, the characteristic value Q d (The relationship between Q d and the shear yield load A u is, for design purposes, the relationship Q d = 0.8υ バイ場合 for convenience when the hysteresis curve is represented by bilinear characteristics. When Q d is reduced to the shear yield load in the present invention), a hysteresis curve as shown in FIG. 3 is drawn, and the diagonal stiffness K er is changed to the stiffness K r. When the shear yield load Qd of the columnar lead 4 bound tightly by the elastic body 3 without any gap becomes large, in other words, when the shear yield load Qd becomes large, it is shown in Fig. 4. The Let's Do History curve becomes a draw rather than this. Here, the shear yield load Q d is expressed by the following equation (1).

Q d = ap · apd (1) In the equation (1), ap is the area of the shear surface of the columnar lead 4 (in the present invention, the cross section of the columnar lead 4 surrounded by the inner periphery of the rigid material layer). Area), and the lateral force F applied to the seismic isolation device 5 Opd is the shear yield stress of the columnar lead 4 itself, which is not restrained by the elastic body 3 without any gap (hereinafter referred to as the design shear yield stress). In the case of pure lead (purity 99.9% or more), the design value is 85 kg Z cm ^{2 with} 0.5 Hz vibration and a strain amplitude of 50% or more. It is.

At this point, the seismic isolation device 5, which draws a hysteresis curve as shown in Fig. 3, has an excellent seismic isolation effect against an earthquake, but the relative displacement between the structure and the foundation mounted on it In addition, the post-earthquake sway is relatively long, and there is a risk of resonance when the ground motion has a large long-period component. May shake greatly. On the other hand, the dynamic natural vibration period of the seismic isolation device 5 is given by the diagonal stiffness K er shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, but the seismic isolation device 5 that draws a hysteresis curve as shown in FIG. Even if Kr is relatively small, if the diagonal rigidity Ker is large, the shear yield load Qd of the columnar lead 4 becomes large, and the period is long enough to exhibit the seismic isolation effect. The seismic isolation effect becomes worse as a result.

In addition, as a requirement for guaranteeing the shear yield load Qd of the columnar lead 4 according to the equation (1), the columnar lead 4 is periodically applied to the elastic material layer and the rigid material layer constituting the elastic body. Raw shear deformation It is restrained without any gap during and after the operation.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and can stably seize columnar lead disposed in a hollow portion of an elastic body without a gap, thereby obtaining stable seismic isolation characteristics. It is intended to provide a seismic isolation device which can avoid fatigue and damage of the elastic material layer of the elastic body and the columnar lead, and has excellent durability, seismic isolation effect, and manufacturability. Target.

Further, the present invention focuses on the relationship between the shear yield load Qd and the support load W of the elastic body described below, and obtains the area ap of the shear surface of the columnar lead obtained from this relationship, By setting the ratio of the load surface area A r to the predetermined range, not only the seismic isolation effect is excellent, but also the relative displacement between the structure and the foundation can be reduced. In addition, the post-shock after the earthquake can be attenuated early, so that even in strong winds such as typhoons, the mounted structures can be reduced in side-to-side motion, and in addition, they exhibit seismic isolation. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a seismic isolation device that can obtain a sufficiently long period so that there is no risk of resonance even with long-period ground motion.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide a system using at least one seismic isolation device as described above. Disclosure of the invention According to the present invention, the above object is defined by a columnar lead, an elastic body in which an elastic material layer and a rigid material layer are alternately laminated, and at least an inner peripheral surface of the elastic body. A seismic isolation device comprising: a hollow portion in which lead is densely arranged; and the rigid material layer includes a thick rigid plate disposed on each end surface side of the elastic body. One end of the lead is densely arranged at one end of the hollow portion defined by the inner peripheral surface of one thick rigid plate, and the other end of the columnar lead is the other thick rigid plate. Are densely arranged at the other end of the hollow portion defined by the inner peripheral surface of the column, the volume V p of the columnar lead disposed in the hollow portion, the columnar lead is not inserted, and This is achieved by the seismic isolation device that has a ratio Vp / Ve of 1.02 to 1.12 with respect to the volume Ve of the hollow portion when a load is applied to the elastic body.

Further, according to the present invention, the object is to provide an elastic body in which an elastic material layer and a rigid material layer are alternately laminated, and at least one columnar lead disposed through the elastic body. The columnar lead is formed into an elastic body in the shear direction so that the shear yield load Qd of the columnar lead is the product of the total area ap of the shear surface of the columnar lead and the design shear yield stress apd. A seismic isolation device constrained without gaps, where the ratio 総 ap / Ar of the total area of the shear surface of the columnar lead ∑ap to the area Ar of the load surface of the elastic body is 0.01 to 0 Achieved by the seismic isolation device, which is. Further, according to the present invention, the purpose is to provide at least one columnar lead, an elastic body in which an elastic material layer and a rigid material layer are alternately laminated, and at least one of these elastic bodies. This is a seismic isolation device that is defined on the inner peripheral surface and has at least one hollow part in which the columnar lead is densely arranged, and the total area of the shear surface of the columnar lead The ratio S ap ZA r between ∑ ap and the area A r of the load surface of the elastic body is 0.0

1 to 0.12, and the volume Vp of the columnar lead disposed in the hollow portion and the hollow portion in a state where the columnar lead is not inserted and a load is applied to the elastic body. The ratio V p ZV e to the volume V e is 1.02 to

This can also be achieved by the seismic isolation device, which is 1.1.2.

In both of the above seismic isolation devices, the rigid material layer also includes a thick rigid plate disposed on each end surface of the elastic body, and one end of the columnar lead has one thick rigid plate. It is densely arranged at one end of the hollow part defined by the inner peripheral surface of the plate, and the other end of the columnar lead is defined by the inner peripheral surface of the other thick rigid plate. It is good to be densely arranged at the other end of the specified space.

The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device, comprising the steps of: providing a volume Vp of columnar lead disposed in a hollow portion; and a volume of a hollow portion defined by an inner peripheral surface of an elastic body. Hollow portion before applying lead to form lead and applying load to elastic body

The seismic isolation device that has a fixed relationship with the volume Ve of the reduced hollow part (hereinafter referred to as the reduced hollow part) has special characteristics in durability, seismic isolation effect, and manufacturability. It is based on the finding that it is excellent. That is, in the seismic isolation device of the present invention, the ratio VpZVe of the volume Vp of the columnar lead disposed in the hollow portion to the volume Ve of the reduced hollow portion is 1.02 to: I.12. . The volume V e of the reduced hollow portion increases and decreases according to the vertical load applied to the elastic body, in other words, the weight of the structure supported by the seismic isolation device, and the volume V e of the reduced hollow portion is increased. It is also different from the volume of the hollow part when the columnar lead with a volume exceeding 1.0 times is arranged. In a seismic isolation device in which columnar lead having a volume sufficiently more than 1.0 times the volume Ve of the reduced hollow portion is arranged in the hollow portion, as shown in Fig. 6, the hollow portion 1 2 The inner peripheral surface 9 of the elastic body 3 that defines the elastic body 3 is such that the columnar lead 4 bites into the elastic plate 1 made of rubber or the like constituting the elastic material layer of the elastic body 3, and has an annular concave surface at the position of the elastic plate 1. At the position of the annular rigid plate 2 constituting the rigid material layer, an annular convex surface 32 is formed.

In this case, if the columnar lead 4 is arranged less than 1.00 times the volume of the reduced hollow portion (ratio Vp / Ve = 1.00), the inner circumference of the elastic body 3 is reduced. A gap is easily formed between the surface 9 and the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical lead 4 which faces the inner peripheral surface 9 and is in contact with the inner peripheral surface 9. While the transverse force F is repeatedly applied to the vibration device 5, a gap is easily generated between the inner peripheral surface 9 of the elastic body 3 and the outer peripheral surface of the columnar lead 4, and a hysteresis curve is formed. It shows unstable seismic isolation characteristics as shown in 21. This is because the columnar lead 4 is not restrained by the elastic body 3 at least in the shear direction without any gap in the shear direction, and causes deformation other than shear deformation, and the columnar lead 4 has a design shear yield stress (normally). However, in the case of lead with a purity of 99.9% or more, it is presumed that the design value of 85 kg Zcm ² ) may not be exhibited.

On the other hand, when the columnar lead 4 is arranged more than 1.12 times the volume of the reduced hollow portion (specific ratio Vp / Ve = 1.12), the columnar lead 4 becomes larger. As shown by the reference numeral 41 in FIG. 6, the inner peripheral surface 9 of the elastic body 3 becomes excessively concave, and the elastic plate 1 and the rigid plate 2 near this position are cut into the elastic plate 1. The shear stress between the two becomes too large. When the stress is excessively generated as described above, the elastic plate 1 hastens the deterioration, and the durability is deteriorated. Also, in the manufacture of the seismic isolation device 5, in order to form the columnar lead 4 in the hollow portion 12, it is necessary to inject lead more than 1.12 times the volume of the reduced hollow portion. It has been found that the press-fitting must be extremely large, and that the elastic body 3 may be damaged by the press-fitting, which is difficult.

As will be apparent from the following embodiment, a small vibration input indicates a high rigidity, and a large vibration input indicates a low rigidity. In order to be able to respond particularly favorably to large-amplitude ground motions that require It is preferred that the ratio VpVe be greater than 1.02. Further, when the ratio is in the range of 1.0 to 1.07, the productivity is extremely excellent.

In the case of the seismic isolation device 5 as shown in FIG. 2, as described above, a few degrees of earthquakes cause the peripheral portions of the upper and lower surfaces of the columnar lead 4 and the elastic body 3 to be connected to each other. The seismic isolation characteristics may be unstable due to long-term use, and the present invention provides a method of forming each end of the columnar lead into a thick wall. The rigid plate is densely arranged at each end of the hollow part defined by the inner peripheral surface to prevent the occurrence of annular gaps and to prevent the seismic isolation characteristics from deteriorating.

Further, according to the present invention, the columnar lead is restrained by the elastic body without any gap, and the shear yield load Qd of the columnar lead is the product of the area ap of the shear surface of the columnar lead and the design shear yield stress σ pd. The required characteristics of the seismic isolation device can be evaluated by the ratio of the shear yield load Qd of the columnar lead to the supporting load W of the elastic body on the mounted structure. Focusing on what can be done, if the ratio of the shear yield load Qd to the supporting load W, QdZW, is smaller than 0.02, the relative strength between the mounted structure and the foundation The displacement is large, and the post-quake after the earthquake continues for a relatively long time.There is a risk of resonance when the ground motion has a large long-period component, and the structure is mounted in strong winds such as typhoons While the object may shake greatly, the ratio Q d This is based on the finding that if W is larger than 0.08, it is difficult to lengthen the period, and as a result, the seismic isolation effect becomes worse.

In the seismic isolation device 5, the shear yield load Qd of the columnar lead 4 is given by the above equation (1), and the supporting load W of the elastic body 3 is

W = A r-P (2). Here, Ar is the area of the load surface of the elastic body 3, and corresponds to the vertical load X applied to the seismic isolation device 5, that is, the pressure receiving area of the elastic body 3 against the support load W, and P is the seismic isolation. the average compressive stress of the elastic body 3 with respect to the vertical direction load X applied to the equipment 5, the design of the seismic isolation device, ^{usually, 6 0 kg Z cm 2 ~} l 3 0 kg Z cm 2 about values are and.

At this point, the ratio Q d / W is

Q d a p

= 0. 0 2 0. 0 8

W A r P

Where opd = 80 kg Z cm ² and P = 130 kg / cm ² , the upper limit of the ratio Q d ZW is, in other words, the upper limit of ap ZA r is Assuming pd = 100 kg / c τη P = 60 kg / cm ² , the lower limit of the ratio Q d / W is, in other words, the lower limit of ap A r Is about 0. It becomes 0 1. Note that the above value of pd is a value at 0.5 Hz vibration and a strain amplitude of 50% or more.

That is, by setting the ratio ap / Ar of the area ap of the shear surface of the columnar lead to the area Ar of the load surface of the elastic body within the range of 0.01 to 0.12, the exemption is achieved. Excellent seismic effect, can reduce the relative displacement between the structure and the foundation, and can attenuate post-earthquake sway early, even in strong winds such as typhoons. The rolling of the placed structure can be reduced, and the length of the period can be measured. In addition, there is no danger of resonance even with long-period ground motion.

Further, as is apparent from the following examples, by setting the ratio ap ZA r to be 0.02 to 0.07, more preferable results can be obtained. It was found that by setting the ratio apZAr to between 0.03 and 0.06, more favorable results could be obtained.

The same applies to the case where a plurality of columnar leads are arranged on one elastic body.In the present invention, including this case, the total area of the shearing surface of the columnar lead ∑ ap and the load of the elastic body are included. The ratio ∑ap / Ar to the surface area Ar is set within the above range.

Furthermore, the present invention provides the elastic material layer and the rigid material that constitute the elastic body by making the volume Vp of the columnar lead and the volume Ve of the reduced hollow portion have the above-mentioned fixed relationship. Columnar lead gap between layers As a result, the shear yield load Q d of the columnar lead according to equation (1) is guaranteed, and in addition to the above effects, the durability, seismic isolation effect, and manufacturability are particularly excellent. It was based on knowledge that it was possible to provide a seismic isolation device.

That is, in the seismic isolation device of the present invention, in addition to the area ratio, the ratio VpZVe of the volume of the columnar lead disposed in the hollow portion to the volume Ve of the reduced hollow portion is 1.02 to: 1 and 1 2. Even in this seismic isolation device, the columnar lead bites into the elastic material layer of the elastic body, and the inner peripheral surface of the elastic body that defines the hollow part is concave at the position of the elastic material layer, and the rigid material The layer may be convex at the position of the layer.

In the present invention, examples of the material of the elastic material layer include natural rubber, silicone rubber, high-damping rubber, urethane rubber and chloroprene rubber, and are preferred. It is natural rubber. The thickness of each elastic material layer is preferably about 1 mm to 30 mm in a no-load state, but is not limited to this. Examples of the material of the rigid material layer include a fiber reinforced synthetic resin plate such as a steel plate, a carbon fiber, a glass fiber or an aramid fiber, and a fiber reinforced hard rubber plate. The thickness is preferably about 10 mm to 50 mm for each thick rigid plate, and about 1 mm to 6 mm for the other layers, but is not limited thereto. And the number of copies is particularly limited Not done. The elastic body and columnar lead are preferably in the form of an annular body and a columnar body, but may be of another shape, for example, an elliptical or rectangular body and an elliptical or rectangular body. You may. The number of columnar leads penetrating through the elastic body may be one, but instead, a plurality of hollow portions may be formed in one elastic body, and the columnar leads may be formed in the plurality of hollow portions, respectively. Note _c but it may also constitute the isolator and distribution of lead, these multiple needs to be high at the same above conditions was about a respective columnar lead to the ratio V p ZV e of the hollow portion rather than It is also acceptable to arrange them under different conditions, and it is preferable that each columnar lead satisfies the above condition with respect to the ratio VpZVe. Some of the columnar lead may be arranged so that the above condition is not satisfied with respect to the ratio VpVe.

Further, the present invention provides an elastic body in which elastic material layers and rigid material layers are alternately laminated, and at least one hollow portion defined by an inner peripheral surface of the elastic body. The present invention can also be applied to a system in which one or more, preferably a plurality of the above-described seismic isolation devices having a columnar lead are arranged between a structure and a foundation. The columnar lead is constrained by the corresponding elastic body without any gap so that the lead shear yield load Qd is the product of the area of the shear surface ap of the columnar lead and the design shear yield stress σpd, and the columnar shape is obtained. The ratio of the total area of the shear plane of lead ∑ ap to the total area of the load surface of the elastic body ∑ Ar ∑ ap / ∑ Ar should be between 0.01 and 0.12, and the columnar shape lead The ratio of the total area of the shear plane ∑ ap to the total area of the load surface of the elastic body ∑ A r ∑ ap Z ∑ A r is 0.01 to 0.12, and the columnar shape arranged in the hollow part The ratio VpZVe of the volume Vp of lead to the volume Ve of the hollow part (reduced hollow part) when no load is applied to the elastic body and columnar lead is not inserted is 1. 0 2 to: If L.12, the above-described effect can be obtained in the same manner. Also, in the present system, by setting the ratio ∑ap Z∑A r to be 0.02 to 0.07, more favorable results can be obtained, and the ratio ∑ap ∑ By setting Ar to be in the range of 0.03 to 0.06, a more favorable result can be obtained, while the ratio VpZVe becomes 1.02 to 1.07. In this case, favorable manufacturability can be obtained.

In addition, in the seismic isolation device of this system, the inner peripheral surface of the elastic body that defines the hollow part is concave at the position of the elastic material layer because the columnar lead bites into the elastic material layer. Therefore, in a system where multiple seismic isolation devices are arranged, the ratio of these multiple seismic isolation devices is Vp / Ve. With respect to the ratio Vp / Ve, each seismic isolation device satisfies the above conditions. Although it is preferable that some of the seismic isolators are arranged so that the above conditions are not satisfied with respect to the ratio VpZVe. Is also good.

Furthermore, in the above-described system in which one or more seismic isolation devices having columnar lead are arranged between a structure and a foundation, elastic material layers and rigid material layers are alternately laminated. At least one other seismic isolation device with a solid elastic body without a hollow portion, together with the seismic isolation device with columnar lead, may be placed between the structure and the foundation. Good.

At least one seismic isolation device with columnar lead and at least one seismic isolation device without columnar lead and with a solid elastic body between the structure and the foundation In this type of system, the total area of the load surface of the elastic body ∑ A r includes the load surface of the solid elastic body of the seismic isolation device without columnar lead. Therefore, each seismic isolation device is configured so that the ratio ∑ap Z∑Ar satisfies the above conditions.

ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the columnar lead arrange | positioned at the hollow part of an elastic body can be restrained as desired, and as a result, a stable seismic isolation characteristic can be obtained and it also has a trigger function. Therefore, it can favorably cope with large-amplitude ground motions, and in addition, can avoid deterioration of the elastic material layer of the elastic body and columnar lead. Seismic isolation devices can be provided.

Further, according to the present invention, the ratio ar ar / A r between the total area ∑ ap of the shear surface of the columnar lead and the area A r of the load surface of the elastic body is determined. Within this range, the seismic isolation effect is excellent, the relative displacement between the structure and the foundation can be reduced, and the post-quake after the earthquake can be attenuated early. Even in strong winds, the mounted structure can be reduced in rolling, and in addition, the period can be made long enough to exhibit the seismic isolation effect. Seismic isolation devices can be provided.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings. This will further clarify the above inventions and objects and other inventions and objects. Note that the present invention is not limited to these examples. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a seismic isolation device according to the present invention,

Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the seismic isolation device shown in Figure 1,

Figure 3 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the seismic isolation device.

Figure 4 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the seismic isolation device.

Figure 5 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the seismic isolation device.

FIG. 6 is a partially enlarged sectional view of the seismic isolation device shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the effect of the embodiment shown in FIG. 7,

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the effect of the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the effect of the embodiment shown in FIG. 7,

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the effect of the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, and FIG. 12 is a diagram showing the effect of the embodiment shown in FIG. Example The seismic isolation device 5 of this example shown in FIG. 7 has an elastic material layer composed of an annular elastic plate 1 and a rigidity composed of an annular thin rigid steel plate 2 and an annular thick rigid steel plate 15, 16. An annular elastic body 3 in which material layers are alternately laminated; and a cylindrical lead 4 densely arranged in a hollow portion 12 defined at least by an inner peripheral surface 9 of the elastic body 3. The flanges 18 and 19 connected to the steel plates 15 and 16 via the ports 17 respectively, and the flanges 18 and 19 on the lower and upper surfaces of the cylindrical lead 4 And a steel plate 15 and a steel plate 15 and a shear key 20 for fixing the steel plates 15 and 16 to each other in the shear direction (F direction). The hollow part 12 in which the columnar lead 4 is densely arranged is In addition to the inner peripheral surface 9, it is defined by the upper surface 21 of the lower shear key 20 and the lower surface 22 of the upper shear key 20. In the seismic isolation device 5, the steel plates 15 and 16 are embedded in the elastic material layer on the upper and lower end sides of the elastic body 3, and the lower end 23 of the columnar lead 4 is formed of the steel plate 15 It is densely arranged at the lower end of the hollow portion 12 defined by the inner peripheral surface, and has a circular shape. The upper end 24 of the columnar lead 4 is densely arranged on the upper end of the hollow portion 12 defined by the inner peripheral surface of the steel plate 16. The seismic isolation device 5 is used by connecting the flange plate 18 side to the foundation 10 and connecting the flange plate 19 side to the structure 11. In this example, 25 elastic rubber layers 1 each made of natural rubber having a thickness of 5 mm are used to form an elastic material layer, and a thickness of 2. is used to form a rigid material layer. Two 3 mm annular steel plates 2 and three 31 mm thick annular steel plates 15 and 16 were used.

When manufacturing the seismic isolation device 5 of the present invention, first, annular elastic plates 1 and steel plates 2 are alternately laminated, and annular steel plates 15 and 16 are arranged on the lower surface and the upper surface thereof. An annular elastic body 3 for fixing these members to each other by vulcanization bonding under pressure in the inside is prepared, and then columnar lead 4 should be formed in the hollow portion 12. Then, lead is pressed into the hollow part 1 2 of the elastic body 3. The lead is injected into the hollow portion 12 by a hydraulic ram or the like so that the columnar lead 4 is restrained by the elastic body 3 in the hollow portion 12 without any gap. Press it in. After injecting lead, install shear key 20 and flange plates 18 and 19. In forming the elastic body 3 by vulcanization bonding under pressure in the mold, a cylindrical coating layer 25 was formed to cover the outer peripheral surfaces of the steel plates 2, 15 and 16. I'll try to do it. Thickness of coating layer in this example The size was 10 mm. Further, in the above formation, a part of the inner peripheral side of the elastic plate 1 flows and covers the inner peripheral surfaces of the steel plates 2, 15 and 16 and is similar to the cylindrical coating layer 25. An extremely thin cylindrical coating layer may be formed.

In the seismic isolation device 5 as shown in Fig. 7 in which the height of the elastic body 3 in the no-load state is 240 mm, the ratio apZAr is changed and the base 1 at each ratio apZAr is changed. The vibration energy E s of the structure 11 due to the vibration energy E b of 0 was obtained. Figure 8 shows the relationship between the obtained ratio a p / A r and the energy transfer rate E s / E b of the seismic isolation device 5.

In addition to this energy transfer coefficient, the surface pressure of the seismic isolation device 5 is set to 80 kg / cm ² , and the elastic modulus G of the elastic plate 1 is set to 6 kg / cm ² in addition to the above values. The input was the El Centro Earthquake, Tokachi-oki, Hachinohe and TAFT seismic waves, which were subjected to statistical processing and calculated.

As can be seen from FIG. 8, when the ratio apAr is in the range of 0.01 to 0.12, the energy transfer rate EsEb becomes 12 or less, and the fundamental 10 It can be seen that the vibration energy of this is sufficiently attenuated and transmitted to the structure 11. When the ratio ap / Ar exceeded 0.12, it was confirmed that the response acceleration ratio (response input) increased to about 50% or more. If the ratio ap ZA r is less than 0.01, the phase between the structure 11 and the foundation 10 is The pair displacement was found to be impractical, for example, more than two to three times that of the preferred ratio ap / A r = 0.05, and the ratio ap ZA r was 0.0. In the case of the range of 2 to 0.07 and the range of 0.03 to 0.06, as shown in FIG. It can be seen that E s / E b is obtained.

On the other hand, in the case of the seismic isolation device 5 shown in Fig. 7, the outer diameter of the steel plates 2, 15, and 16 is 500 mm and the inner diameter is 90 mm. By applying a load of 57 tonf (contact pressure of 30 kgf Z cm ² ) and applying a load of 34 2 t0 nf (contact pressure of 180 kgf Z cm ² ), the relationship between the horizontal displacement and the horizontal force was experimentally determined. I asked. This is shown in Figs. 9 (a), (b) and (c) show the case where the lateral displacement (horizontal displacement) of the total elastic plate 1 of the seismic isolation device 5 is 10%. It is the case of 50% and 100% soon. The ratio V p V e when a vertical load of 57 tonf (30 kgf / cm ² ) shown in Fig. 9 is applied is 1.03, and a vertical load shown in Fig. 10

The ratio V p ZV e when 4 tonf (contact pressure 60 kgf / cm ² ) is applied is 1.00, and the vertical load 2 28 tonf shown in Fig. 11 (contact pressure 12 0 kgf / cm ²⁾ ) Is 1.02 and the vertical load 3 42 t 0 nf (contact pressure 180 kgf Z cm ² ) shown in Fig. 12 is applied. In this case, the ratio Vp / Ve was 1.11. In the above case, the ratio ap no Ar was 0.03.

As can be seen from FIGS. 9, 12, and 12, it is clear that when the ratio Vp / Ve is 1.02 or more, the trigger function is particularly required, and large-amplitude earthquakes occur. It can be seen that they can respond favorably to As is apparent from FIG. 10, when the ratio VpZVe is less than 1.0 to less than 1.02, the trigger function can be favorably obtained. It is said that it cannot be done. If the ratio Vp / Ve was 1.07 or less, it was found that injecting lead into the hollow portion 12 was easy in manufacturing and was not so difficult. did. In addition, an attempt was made to inject lead into the hollow portion 12 so that the ratio Vp / Ve was 1.1.2 or more. However, this was performed without damaging the elastic body 3. This turned out to be difficult.

In the seismic isolation device 5, the steel plates 15 and 16 and the flanges 18 and 19 were formed separately, but the flange plates 18 and 19 were made thicker. The seismic isolation device may be embodied by integrally forming a rigid plate.

Claims

The scope of the claims

1. The columnar lead, an elastic body in which the elastic material layer and the rigid material layer are alternately laminated, and at least the inner peripheral surface of the elastic body are defined. The rigid material layer comprises a thick rigid plate disposed on each end face side of the elastic body. The one end of the columnar lead is densely arranged at one end of the hollow portion defined by the inner peripheral surface of one thick rigid plate, and the other end of the columnar lead is connected to the other end. It is densely arranged at the other end of the hollow part defined by the inner peripheral surface of the thick rigid plate, and the volume V p of the columnar lead arranged in the hollow part and the columnar shape A lead free of lead and the ratio Vp / Ve to the volume Ve of the hollow part when a load is applied to the elastic body is 1.02 to: L.12 Quake device.

2. The seismic isolation device according to claim 1, wherein the ratio VpZVe is 1.02 to: L.07.

3. The inner peripheral surface of the elastic body that defines the hollow portion according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the columnar lead bites into the elastic material layer of the elastic body and is concave at the position of the elastic material layer. Seismic isolation device.

4. The inner peripheral surface of the elastic body that defines the hollow portion, wherein the columnar lead bites into the elastic material layer of the elastic body and is convex at the position of the rigid material layer. Or one of Seismic isolation device,

5. It has an elastic body in which elastic material layers and rigid material layers are alternately laminated, and at least one columnar lead penetrating through the elastic body. The columnar lead is restrained without any gap in the elastic body in the shear direction such that the shear yield load Qd of the columnar lead is the product of the area a of the shear surface of the columnar lead and the design shear yield stress hi pd. In the seismic isolation device, the ratio S ap ZA r between the total area 剪 ap of the shear surface of the columnar lead and the area A r of the load surface of the elastic body is 0.011 to 0.12. There is a seismic isolation device.

6. The seismic isolation device according to claim 5, wherein the ratio aρ / Ar is 0.02 to 0.07.

7. The seismic isolation device according to claim 5, wherein the ratio a p Z Ar is 0.03 to 0.6.

8. The rigid material layer has a thick rigid plate disposed on each end face side of the elastic body, and one end of the columnar lead is provided on one end of the thick rigid plate. It is densely arranged at one end of the hollow portion defined by the inner peripheral surface, and the other end of the columnar lead is located at the other end of the hollow portion defined by the inner peripheral surface of the other thick rigid plate. The seismic isolation device according to any one of claims 5 to 7, which is densely arranged at the other end.

9. At least one columnar lead and an elastic body composed of alternating layers of elastic material layers and rigid material layers. A seismic isolation device that is defined by the inner peripheral surface of an elastic body and has at least one hollow portion in which columnar lead is densely arranged. The ratio of the total area ∑ ap to the area A r of the load surface of the elastic body ∑ ap ZA r is 0.01 to 0.12, and the volume V p of the columnar lead disposed in the hollow part is Seismic isolation with columnar lead not inserted and a ratio VpZVe of 1.02 to 1.12 with respect to the volume Ve of the hollow part when a load is applied to the elastic body apparatus.

10. The seismic isolation device according to claim 9, wherein the ratio A a p Z Ar is 0.02 to 0.07.

1 1. The seismic isolation device according to claim 9, wherein the ratio apZAr is from 0.03 to 0.06.

1 2. The seismic isolation device according to any one of claims 9 to 11, wherein the ratio VpZVe is 1.02 to 1.07.

1 3. The inner peripheral surface of the elastic body that defines the hollow portion is characterized in that the columnar lead bites into the elastic material layer of the elastic body and is concave at the position of the elastic material layer. The seismic isolation device described in any one of 2 above.

1 4. The inner peripheral surface of the elastic body that defines the hollow portion is characterized in that the columnar lead bites into the elastic material layer of the elastic body and becomes convex at the position of the rigid material layer. The seismic isolation device described in any one of the above.

1 5. The rigid material layer is placed on each end face of the elastic body. Each of the thick rigid plates is provided, and one end of the columnar lead is densely arranged at one end of a hollow portion defined by the inner peripheral surface of one thick rigid plate. Wherein the other end of the columnar lead is densely arranged at the other end of the hollow portion defined by the inner peripheral surface of the other thick rigid plate. Exemption described in any one

(6) An elastic body in which elastic material layers and rigid material layers are alternately laminated, and at least one columnar lead disposed through the elastic body, There is no gap between the columnar lead and the elastic body in the shear direction so that the shear yield load Qd of the columnar lead is the product of the area ap of the shear surface of the columnar lead and the design shear yield load σpd. Is a seismic isolation system that has at least one seismic isolation device constrained by the joint.The ratio of the total area of the shear surface of the columnar lead ∑ a P to the total area of the load surface of the elastic body ∑ Ar A seismic isolation system where ∑ a ρ Σ Σ Α r is between 0.01 and 0.12.

17. The seismic isolation system according to claim 16, wherein the ratio ∑apZ∑Ar is from 0.02 to 0.07.

18. The seismic isolation system according to claim 16, wherein the ratio ∑ a p ∑ Ar is 0.03 to 0.06.

1 9. In the seismic isolation device, the rigid material layer is provided with a thick rigid plate disposed on each end face of the elastic body, and one end of the columnar lead is connected to one end. On the inner peripheral surface of a thick rigid plate The other end of the columnar lead is densely arranged at one end of the defined hollow part, and the other end of the columnar lead is closely arranged at the other end of the hollow part defined by the inner peripheral surface of the other thick rigid plate. The seismic isolation system according to any one of claims 16 to 18, wherein the seismic isolation system is arranged in a country.

20. A seismic isolation system further provided with at least one other seismic isolation device having a solid elastic body in which an elastic material layer and a rigid material layer are alternately laminated. The seismic isolation system according to any one of claims 16 to 19, wherein the total area of the load surface ∑A r is a value including the load surface of the elastic body of another seismic isolation device. .

2 1. An elastic body in which elastic material layers and rigid material layers are alternately laminated, and a columnar shape defined by at least one hollow part defined by the inner peripheral surface of the elastic body This is a seismic isolation system that has at least one seismic isolation device equipped with lead and the ratio of the total area of the shear surface of columnar lead ∑ap to the total area of the load surface of the elastic body ∑Ar ∑apZ ∑ Ar is 0.01 to 0.12, the volume Vp of the columnar lead disposed in the hollow part, and the columnar lead is not inserted, and a load is applied to the elastic body. A seismic isolation system with a ratio VpZVe of 1.02 to 1.12 to the volume Ve of the hollow part in the closed state.

2 2. The seismic isolation system according to claim 21, wherein the ratio ∑ap∑Ar is 0.020.07.

2 3. The ratio ∑ ap ∑ Ar is 0.03 0 0 6 The seismic isolation system described in Claim 21.

2 4. The seismic isolation system according to any one of claims 21 to 23, wherein the ratio VpZVe is 1.02 to L.07 <

2 5. In the seismic isolation device, the inner peripheral surface of the elastic body that defines the hollow part is concave at the position of the elastic material layer because the columnar lead bites into the elastic material layer. The seismic isolation system according to any one of claims 21 to 24.

2 6. In the seismic isolation device, the inner peripheral surface of the elastic body that defines the hollow portion is such that the columnar lead bites into the elastic material layer and is convex at the position of the rigid material layer. The seismic isolation system according to any one of the ranges 21 to 25.

2 7. In the seismic isolation device, the rigid material layer has a thick rigid plate disposed on each end surface of the elastic body, and one end of the columnar lead is connected to one end of the elastic body. It is densely arranged at one end of the hollow portion defined by the inner peripheral surface of the thick rigid plate, and the other end of the columnar lead is defined by the inner peripheral surface of the other thick rigid plate. The seismic isolation system according to any one of claims 21 to 26, wherein the seismic isolation system is densely arranged at the other end of the hollow part.

2 8. A seismic isolation system further provided with at least one other seismic isolation device having a solid elastic body in which elastic material layers and rigid material layers are alternately laminated. The total area of the load surface of the body ∑ A r is the value including the load surface of the elastic body of the other seismic isolation device. The seismic isolation system according to any one of claims 21 to 27.