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WO1997005839A1 - Article absorbant contenant des fibres absorbantes et non absorbantes - Google Patents

Article absorbant contenant des fibres absorbantes et non absorbantes Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1997005839A1
WO1997005839A1 PCT/EP1996/003513 EP9603513W WO9705839A1 WO 1997005839 A1 WO1997005839 A1 WO 1997005839A1 EP 9603513 W EP9603513 W EP 9603513W WO 9705839 A1 WO9705839 A1 WO 9705839A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
water
absorbent
fibers
layer
core
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP1996/003513
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Arthur Roger Shipley
Original Assignee
Camelot Superabsorbents Limited
Camelot Superabsorbents B.V.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Camelot Superabsorbents Limited, Camelot Superabsorbents B.V. filed Critical Camelot Superabsorbents Limited
Priority to AU67430/96A priority Critical patent/AU6743096A/en
Publication of WO1997005839A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997005839A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L15/00—Chemical aspects of, or use of materials for, bandages, dressings or absorbent pads
    • A61L15/16—Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons
    • A61L15/22—Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons containing macromolecular materials
    • A61L15/225—Mixtures of macromolecular compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L15/00—Chemical aspects of, or use of materials for, bandages, dressings or absorbent pads
    • A61L15/16—Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons
    • A61L15/22—Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons containing macromolecular materials
    • A61L15/24—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Derivatives thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L15/00—Chemical aspects of, or use of materials for, bandages, dressings or absorbent pads
    • A61L15/16—Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons
    • A61L15/22—Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons containing macromolecular materials
    • A61L15/26—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Derivatives thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L15/00—Chemical aspects of, or use of materials for, bandages, dressings or absorbent pads
    • A61L15/16—Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons
    • A61L15/22—Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons containing macromolecular materials
    • A61L15/28—Polysaccharides or their derivatives

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to absorbent articles.
  • it relates to articles such as sanitary napkins and pads, incontinence garments and disposable diapers.
  • the present invention relates to a water-retention layer for an absorbent article.
  • water when used alone or in the phrases “water- absorbing”, “water-absorbent”, “water-swellable” and the like is understood to mean not only water but also aqueous media such as, in particular, electrolyte solutions such as body fluids.
  • Sanitary napkins, pads, incontinence garments and disposable diapers have been known for many years and much effort has been made to improve the functional efficiency of such articles to make them more absorbent, more comfortable to wear and less obtrusive to the wearer.
  • such products have a core which includes a water-absorbent layer.
  • This water-absorbent layer may be formed from any suitable water-absorbent material including wood pulp, rayon and tissue. Additionally or alternatively, the layer may comprise any of the water-absorbing polymer compositions commonly known as superabsorbent polymers.
  • compositions which exhibit the capacity to be water- absorbing.
  • Known compositions may be in any suitable form including powders, particles and fibers.
  • the fibrous copolymers are rendered hydrophillic and water-swellable by reaction with ammonia or an alkali metal hydroxide.
  • US 3,980,663 which is incorporated herein by reference, describes water-swellable absorbent articles made from carboxylic polyelectrolytes via cross-linking with glycerine diglycidyl ether.
  • European Published Application No. 0 268 498 (incorporated herein by reference) describes a water-absorbent composition formed by causing a substantially linear polymer of water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer blends comprising carboxylic and hydroxylic monomers to cross-link internally.
  • water-absorbent compositions are those produced from a copolymer of an ⁇ , ⁇ unsaturated monomer having at least one pendant unit selected from a carboxylic acid group and derivatives thereof and a copolymerisable monomer. A proportion of the pendant units are present in the final copolymer as the free acid and a proportion as the salt of the acid.
  • These copolymers are capable of being cross-linked, either internally or with a variety of cross-linking agents, to form the water-swellable composition.
  • water-swellable compositions of this type can be found in US 4,616,063, 4,705,773, 4,731,067, 4,743,244, 4,788,237, 4,813,945, 4,880,868 and 4,892,533 and EP 0 272 074, 0 264 208 and 0 436 514 which are incorporated herein by reference.
  • carboxylic acid groups include carboxylic acid salt groups, carboxylic acid amide groups, carboxylic acid imide groups, carboxylic acid anhydride groups and carboxylic acid ester groups.
  • water-absorbent compositions can be found in US 4,798,861, WO 93/17066, WO 93/255735, WO 93/24684, WO 93/12275, European Published Application Nos 0 401 044, 0 269 393, 0 326 382, 0 227 305, 0 101 253, 0 213
  • Water-absorbent material of the kinds referred to in the above-mentioned patents and applications may be in any suitable form including powder, particulate granular and fibers; the fibers may be straight or may be curled and/or crimped. Details of such curly/crimped fibers may be found in US 4,822,453, 4,888,453 5,462,793 and 4,898,462 which are incorporated herein by reference.
  • the water-absorbent polymer may be coated onto the whole or a part of the surface of other materials such as non-water-absorbent fibers. Details of one type of fibers of this type may be found in WO 96/15307 which is incorporated herein by reference.
  • water-absorbent materials may be used as, or as part of, the water-absorbing layer. Suitable materials include naturally occurring water-absorbent materials.
  • One such water-absorbent material is starchy material such as that proposed by the US Department of Agriculture in 1969-1970. Peat moss may also be used a water- absorbent material. In this connection, reference may be made to US
  • Alginates have also been proposed as suitable water-absorbent material.
  • One example of the use of such alginates is that suggested by Beghin/Kayserberg.
  • the water-absorbent layer may be of non-uniform configuration.
  • the absorbent article is a feminine hygiene product or a diaper
  • the water-absorbent layer may be shaped such that it is thicker in the crotch region.
  • the absorbent layer Whatever material is used for the absorbent layer, it is generally backed by a water- impervious backing sheet to protect clothing from soiling and to prevent leakage of the body fluid which would cause embarrassment to the user. Any water-impervious backing sheet may be used.
  • the article generally has a water-permeable non-woven type cover sheet which defines the surface of the article which will, in use, be in contact with the user.
  • the cover sheet is intended to insulate the wearer from contact with water that has been absorbed into the water-absorbent layer of the core, thus the cover sheet should allow water to pass through it into the core but remain dry and soft to the touch.
  • Any suitable material may be used as the cover sheet.
  • One example of a suitable cover sheet is described in US 5,257,982 which is incorporated herein by reference.
  • the core may additionally include a distribution layer which is generally located above the water-absorbent layer.
  • the distribution layer serves to wick the water away from the point of initial contact with the article and transport it to other parts of the water- absorbent layer.
  • the use of a distribution layer of this type is advantageous in addressing the problem of pooling if a substantial volume of water is discharged in a short time and thereby gives a feeling of dryness.
  • Examples of distribution layers include those described in EP 0 565 606, GB 2 266 465 and GB 2 278 371 which are incorporated herein by reference.
  • Rewet is a measure of how dry the articles feel to the touch after water-absorption. This is generally measured under a load of approximately 3 - 5 kPa. Rewet is of particular importance in the applications to which the absorbent articles of the present invention are directed because if the article feels damp the user will feel damp and uncomfortable.
  • the problem of rewet is particularly acute where the water-absorbent layer is formed from or includes the water-absorbent polymers described above, in particular from the fast absorbing water-absorbent fibers.
  • the water-absorbent polymers described above can absorb a large volume of water and absorption can take place in a short time, in some circumstances, the water-absorbent polymer may become locally saturated because of the fast absorbency of the water-absorbent and may therefore feel damp to the touch.
  • the multiple layer absorbent core comprises a water-absorbent layer and a non-water-absorbent spacer layer located above the water-absorbent layer.
  • the spacer layer is preferably thick, has high resilience or is both thick and has high resilience.
  • non-water-absorbent spacer layer of application no 9508541.1 is replaced with a water-retention layer which allows water to pass into the water-absorbent layer but prevents the water from returning to the uppermost surface where it may come into contact with the cover sheet. This is achieved by using a three dimensional network of non-water-absorbent fibers and water-absorbent fibers.
  • a water- retention layer suitable for use in an absorbent article comprising a three-dimensional network of non-water-absorbent fibers and water-absorbent fibers.
  • a multiple layer water-absorbent core suitable for use in an absorbent article comprising a water- absorbent layer and a water-retention layer in accordance with the first aspect of the present invention located above the water- absorbent layer.
  • non-water-absorbent we mean that the fibers do not absorb to an appreciable extent.
  • suitable materials from which the non- woven material may be formed include natural or synthetic fibers such as cellulose, viscose, polyester, non-water-absorbent polymers of propylene, polyamide and ethylene-propylene copolymer fibers, and mixtures thereof and the like, with polyester, polyethylene and polypropylene fibers being particularly preferred.
  • Outer suitable fibers include rayon fibers, cellulose ester fibers, protein fibers, polyamide fibers, polyester fibers, polyvinyl fibers, polyolefin fibers, polyurethane fibers, aramid fibers, glass fibers and mixtures thereof.
  • the non-water-absorbent fibers may be hydrophobic or hydrophillic, though hydrophobic fibers are preferred.
  • the non- ater-absorbent fibers may be a mixture of hydrophobic and hydrophillic fibers. Without wishing to be bound by any theory, it is believed that an improved layer is provided if some hydrophillic fiber is present to act as an initial absorber as the water floods into the water-retention layer under pressure.
  • the fibers whether water-absorbent or non-water-absorbent preferably have a crimped profile. Crimping serves to improve the ability of the fibers to reduce rewet.
  • the fibers may have a cut length of from 6 to 80 mm.
  • the fibers may additionally or alternatively have a curled profile.
  • the water-retention layer preferably comprises 20 to 90%, 7 denier per filament (dpf) from 6 to 60 mm synthetic and/or natural fiber and 80 to 10%, 10 dpf from 6 to 60 mm absorbent fiber.
  • 7 dpf and 10 dpf are typical fiber sizes. It will be understood that any suitable fiber size may be used. The size of fiber chosen may be dictated by the requirements of the web technology used to construct the fiber web.
  • the network of fibers of the water-retention layer is preferably constructed such that it includes voids to allow for the expansion of the water-absorbent fibers.
  • the amount of open space within the retention layer is preferably proportional to the amount of water-absorbent fiber present.
  • the void space is preferably filled when the water-absorbent fiber has attained about 80% of its free swell volume. When this has occurred, the retention layer has a dry feel.
  • the water-retention layer may be formed by any suitable means.
  • the layer may be formed from individual fibers or may be a non- woven or woven mat of fibers.
  • the fibers in the mat may be bonded.
  • the fibers are preferably air laid and bonded using a sprayable adhesive such as a hot-melt adhesive.
  • the fibers may be thermobonded or bonded by means of any suitable bonding technique.
  • low melting bonding fibers may be included.
  • An example of a low melting bonding fiber is a fiber having a high temperature polypropylene core with a low temperature outer sheath; the fiber being spun as a bicomponent fiber.
  • the water-retention layer is preferably bonded to the water-absorbent core to form a multi-layer core. Bonding is preferably achieved using a spray adhesive such as hot melt adhesive based on styrene butadiene rubbers. However, other means of bonding the water-retention layer to the absorbent core may be used, for example, fiber entanglement.
  • the adhesive may be applied such that it is discontinuous, i.e. spaces are located between nodules of ahesive.
  • the multilayer core formed by bonding the water-retention layer to the water- absorbent core may be used in the production of an absorbent article.
  • an absorbent article comprising a water-pervious cover sheet, a water-impervious backsheet and a multiple layer water-absorbent core according to the above second aspect of the present invention, wherein the cover sheet is joined to the backsheet to enclose the water-absorbent core.
  • the cover sheet of a commercial diaper was opened and a water-retention layer was attached to the upper surface of the absorbent core by lightly bonding with a spray adhesive.
  • the absorbent core of the diaper contained approximately 20% granular water-absorbent material avaiable from Camelot Superabsorbents Limited as a percentage of absorbent core weight.
  • Three doses of 50ml of a 1% saline solution was injected through the top surface of the diaper.
  • the water was administered from a polyethylene beaker having a base diameter of 80mm; the centre of which had a 3 mm diameter hole.
  • the beaker simulated natural fluid emission.
  • the 80 mm base simulated the area of pressure exerted by a baby.
  • a 200 ml beaker was preferably used.
  • a dwelling time of 10 minutes was allowed between saline injections and the commencement of the measurement of rewet.
  • Rewet of the modified diaper was measured in this way. No water return was noted with the modified diaper. However, with an unmodified diaper a rewet of 0.15g saline was noted.
  • the adhesive article has been described as including a cover sheet, it will be understood that with the arrangement of the present invention, the cover sheet may be omitted.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Absorbent Articles And Supports Therefor (AREA)

Abstract

Couche de retenue d'eau destinée à être utilisée dans des articles absorbants. Cette couche de retenue d'eau comprend un réseau tridimensionnel de fibres n'absorbant pas l'eau et de fibres absorbant l'eau. En outre, un article absorbant comprenant une feuille de couverture perméable à l'eau, une feuille de support imperméable à l'eau et une partie centrale multicouche absorbant l'eau est également décrit.
PCT/EP1996/003513 1995-08-10 1996-08-08 Article absorbant contenant des fibres absorbantes et non absorbantes WO1997005839A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU67430/96A AU6743096A (en) 1995-08-10 1996-08-08 Absorbent article containing absorbent and non-absorbent fibers

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBGB9516404.2A GB9516404D0 (en) 1995-08-10 1995-08-10 Absorbent article
GB9516404.2 1995-08-10

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1997005839A1 true WO1997005839A1 (fr) 1997-02-20

Family

ID=10779041

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP1996/003513 WO1997005839A1 (fr) 1995-08-10 1996-08-08 Article absorbant contenant des fibres absorbantes et non absorbantes

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU6743096A (fr)
GB (1) GB9516404D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO1997005839A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6867346B1 (en) 1999-09-21 2005-03-15 Weyerhaeuser Company Absorbent composite having fibrous bands
US6962645B2 (en) 1997-05-13 2005-11-08 National Institute For Strategic Technology Acquisition Reticulated absorbent composite
US7166190B2 (en) 1998-03-19 2007-01-23 National Institute For Strategic Technology Acquisistion And Commercialization Methods for forming a fluted composite

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0306262A1 (fr) * 1987-09-01 1989-03-08 The Procter & Gamble Company Structures absorbantes composites et articles absorbants contenant de telles structures
EP0395223A2 (fr) * 1989-04-24 1990-10-31 American Colloid Company Sac pour absorber un liquide
WO1993017648A1 (fr) * 1992-03-04 1993-09-16 Mölnlycke AB Couche-culotte absorbante
WO1995013776A1 (fr) * 1993-11-16 1995-05-26 The Procter & Gamble Company Article absorbant dote d'une structure absorbante composite multicouche presentant une meilleure integrite

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0306262A1 (fr) * 1987-09-01 1989-03-08 The Procter & Gamble Company Structures absorbantes composites et articles absorbants contenant de telles structures
EP0395223A2 (fr) * 1989-04-24 1990-10-31 American Colloid Company Sac pour absorber un liquide
WO1993017648A1 (fr) * 1992-03-04 1993-09-16 Mölnlycke AB Couche-culotte absorbante
WO1995013776A1 (fr) * 1993-11-16 1995-05-26 The Procter & Gamble Company Article absorbant dote d'une structure absorbante composite multicouche presentant une meilleure integrite

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6962645B2 (en) 1997-05-13 2005-11-08 National Institute For Strategic Technology Acquisition Reticulated absorbent composite
US6969781B2 (en) 1997-05-13 2005-11-29 Weyeerhaeuser Company Reticulated absorbent composite
US7166190B2 (en) 1998-03-19 2007-01-23 National Institute For Strategic Technology Acquisistion And Commercialization Methods for forming a fluted composite
US6867346B1 (en) 1999-09-21 2005-03-15 Weyerhaeuser Company Absorbent composite having fibrous bands

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU6743096A (en) 1997-03-05
GB9516404D0 (en) 1995-10-11

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