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WO1997001612A1 - Melange anti-derapage et procede de fabrication associe - Google Patents

Melange anti-derapage et procede de fabrication associe Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1997001612A1
WO1997001612A1 PCT/FI1996/000367 FI9600367W WO9701612A1 WO 1997001612 A1 WO1997001612 A1 WO 1997001612A1 FI 9600367 W FI9600367 W FI 9600367W WO 9701612 A1 WO9701612 A1 WO 9701612A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
antiskid
medium
approx
substrate
formate
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FI1996/000367
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Juha Kangastalo
Eero Aitta
Original Assignee
Kemira Chemicals Oy
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from FI953165A external-priority patent/FI953165A0/fi
Application filed by Kemira Chemicals Oy filed Critical Kemira Chemicals Oy
Publication of WO1997001612A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997001612A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
    • C09K3/18—Materials not provided for elsewhere for application to surfaces to minimize adherence of ice, mist or water thereto; Thawing or antifreeze materials for application to surfaces
    • C09K3/185—Thawing materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
    • C09K3/22—Materials not provided for elsewhere for dust-laying or dust-absorbing

Definitions

  • Antiskid medium and a method of preparation of the same
  • the invention relates to an antiskid medium according to the preamble of Claim 1.
  • the invention also relates to a method for the preparation of this antiskid medium.
  • Ice formed on the surface of a traffic route is a hazard factor, and efforts are made to prevent it by spreading on the road surface either deicing agents or mediums such as sand which increase the friction of the ice surface.
  • deicing agent is road salt, which in general consists of sodium chloride or calcium chloride.
  • Road salt works in such a manner that the sodium or calcium chloride spread on ice will melt the ice under it, whereby a sodium or calcium chloride solution having a very low freezing point is formed. The more there occurs melting, the more dilute the sodium or calcium chloride will become. Melting will continue until a solution concentra ⁇ tion is reached the freezing point of which is the same as the temperature prevailing outdoors. Thereafter the road surface will refreeze.
  • FI patent application 884 194 discloses a method in which sand or some other substrate particle is coated with a slurry which contains a carboxylate of an earth alkali metal or alkali metal, in particular calcium magnesium acetate. A number of thin layers of slurry are caused to form on the surface of the substrate particle. Conventional pelleting methods are used as the coating method.
  • Such an antiskid medium has the advantage that both a deicing agent and a gritty substance which in ⁇ creases the friction of an ice surface are combined therein.
  • the manufacture of such a medium presupposes a relatively multi-stage manuf cturing process.
  • the spreading of the slurry on the substrate surface presupposes a pelleting-type manufacturing process, which, as is known, is a process step difficult to control and may easily lead to a non-homogenous product.
  • the performance of such a medium has deficiencies.
  • the deicing agent causes the formation of a melted layer, into which the grit will "sink.” When the solution freezes, the surface will again be slippery.
  • An ideal antiskid medium should have the capacity to melt the ice underneath and at the same time to cause the antiskid medium to adhere to the ice surface and keep it constantly on the surface.
  • an antiskid medium which, on the one hand, contains a deicing agent and, on the other hand, a medium which increases friction, in such a manner that the medium is of an even quality and light in weight, and is easy to manufacture.
  • Another object is an antiskid medium with which said "sinking" will not occur.
  • a further object is a medium the use of which will reduce the environmental hazards to road areas and which will not corrode vehicles to the extent road salt does.
  • the medium according to the invention for use for antiskid purposes comprises a porous substrate impregnated with a solu ⁇ tion which contains an alkali or earth alkali metal formate serving as the deicing agent. After impregnation the material is dried, whereupon the deicing agent crystallizes in the pores of the substrate.
  • the substrate is preferably a particulate material prepared from fired clay, i.e. expanded clay.
  • the raw material of ex ⁇ panded clay is a plastic clay.
  • the clay is fired in a rotary kiln at a temperature of approx. 1150 °C.
  • the clay expands and is molded under the rotary motion into sintered spherical pellets.
  • the pellets are porous and full of small air voids.
  • the particle size of such expanded clay is typically approx. 3-7 mm, and it is cap ⁇ able of adsorbing water at a rate of approx. 10 % of its volume in 10 minutes.
  • the density of the pellets is approx. 0.3- 0.5 kg/1, i.e. the pellets will float on water.
  • the porous substrate may be, for example, in the form of spher ⁇ ical pellets, but it may also be in the form of crushed mate ⁇ rial.
  • crushed material can be prepared by slightly crush ⁇ ing the spherical pellets.
  • the advantage of crushed material is that it has sharp edges, in which case it is a more effective antiskid medium than are spherical pellets.
  • preferable deicing agents include sodium formate and potassium formate, in particular potassium formate.
  • An aqueous solution of potassium formate has a very low freezing point (at the eutectic point the freezing point is -70 °C), in addition to which the chemical is non-toxic and is not corrosive to the same extent as are, for example, chloride solutions which are known as deicing mediums.
  • Sodium formate is formed as a byproduct in the organic chemical process industry, and its advantages include its low price and commercial availability. It is not very detrimental in its corrosive action, and its toxicity is also low. Potassium formate can be prepared, for example, from car ⁇ bonate or hydroxide and formic acid. Potassium formate has slightly better antiskid properties than has sodium formate.
  • the antiskid medium according to the invention contains a de ⁇ icing agent preferably in an amount of approx. 3-30 % by weight, and especially preferably in an amount of approx. 5- 20 % by weight.
  • the antiskid medium described above can, according to the invention, be manufactured by impregnating the porous material serving as the substrate with an aqueous solution of the de ⁇ icing agent, whereafter the porous material impregnated with the said solution is dried.
  • the concentration of deicing agent in the aqueous solution is preferably approx. 10-30 % by weight, and especially preferably approx. 15-25 % by weight.
  • the impregnation period may vary from 10 minutes to 3 hours.
  • the excess solution is drained from the porous material on, for example, a sieve mesh, whereafter the porous material is dried.
  • a suitable drying temperature is approx. 30-100 °C, preferably approx. 40-70 °C.
  • the antiskid medium according to the invention works on an ice surface as follows. Under the action of the deicing agent, the ice beneath the pellet begins to melt, whereupon the pellet will partially sink into the formed depression and at the same time adhere to the ice surface through freezing. At this stage, part of the solution phase is also adsorbed to the pellet. The pellet thus serves as a storage for the deicing agent, which is released slowly. On the other hand, when a vehicle runs over the pellet, the pellet is crushed and the crushed material will increase the friction of the ice surface.
  • Expanded clay which is porous fired clay having a particle size within the range 3-7 mm and a volume weight of 0.3 kg/1, was mixed with potassium formate solutions of different con ⁇ centrations. The same quantity of expanded clay (2.5 kg) was used in each test. Seven different solution concentrations were used in the tests (Table 1). The impregnation was carried out in vats, in which the solution was allowed to impregnate the expanded clay for 2 h. After the impregnation, any excess solu ⁇ tion was separated from the pellets by screening, and the pel ⁇ lets were dried in an incubator (50 °C). In tests 1, 2 and 7, the drying period was 4 days, in the other tests it was 2 days. Data on the materials in the tests are compiled in Table 1.
  • Treated and untreated expanded clay pellets were spread onto an ice surface, and their behavior was observed visually and by testing the slipperiness underfoot. The weather during the tests was windy and cloudy.
  • Example 2 The procedure was in other respects the same as in Example 1, but now the sieve-dried and weighed, approx. 100 g sample, to ⁇ gether with the sieve, was immersed into a 5 % sodium formate solution for approx. 15 seconds, whereby the crushed material was thoroughly moistened. Thereafter any excess solution was allowed to run off. The sample was dried at 105 °C and was thereafter weighed (100.7 g) . The sample was then transferred to a 10-liter drum, which was rotated for 15 minutes. The sample was poured onto a sieve, and any fine dust was screened off. Thereafter the sample was weighed, and the dust amount was calculated; it was 5.1 % of the original mass of the dried material. The sample was returned to the drum, which was rotat ⁇ ed for another 15 minutes. Thereafter the sample was screened and weighed. The result obtained was that now in total 10.2 % of the mass had turned into dust.
  • Dust emission tests were carried out by using a larger batch of expanded clay.
  • a batch of 2.370 kg was weighed of an expanded clay from which any loose dust had been screened off by using a Sweco sieve.
  • the pellets were placed in a concrete mixer, which was rotated for 10 minutes. Any loose dust was screened off from the pellets, and the pellets were weighed, whereupon the result obtained was that the mass had been reduced by 6.1 %. Thereafter, rotation in the concrete mixer was continued for 5 min (in total 15 min), whereafter the pellets were screened and weighed. The result obtained was that after 15 minutes of rotation the mass of the pellets had been reduced by 9.0 %. Thereafter, rotation was continued for a further 15 min (total period 30 min) , whereupon, upon weighing, the mass of the pellets had been reduced by a total of 17 %.
  • Example 2 The procedure was otherwise the same as in Example 5, but now the weighed amount of pellets was poured into a bucket contain ⁇ ing a 15 % solution of sodium formate. Thereafter the moistened expanded clay was poured onto a sieve to drain and was dried at 105 °C. After the drying, the pellets were weighed and placed in a concrete mixer, in which they were rotated for 10 min, thereafter for 5 min, and finally for 15 min. After rotation, screening and weighing were carried out. The result obtained was that after 10 minutes the mass had been reduced by 3.2 %, after 15 minutes by 5.6 %, and after 30 minutes by 12.0 %. The results are shown in Table 2.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Silicates, Zeolites, And Molecular Sieves (AREA)
  • Materials Applied To Surfaces To Minimize Adherence Of Mist Or Water (AREA)

Abstract

Cette invention concerne un mélange anti-dérapage qui comporte un substrat et un agent de dégivrage, le substrat étant un matériau poreux fabriqué à partir d'un minéral naturel et l'agent de dégivrage un formiate métallique alcalin ou un formiate alcalin minéral, tel que le formiate de sodium ou de potassium, introduit dans le substrat par imprégnation. L'invention concerne également un procédé de fabrication du mélange anti-dérapage.
PCT/FI1996/000367 1995-06-26 1996-06-25 Melange anti-derapage et procede de fabrication associe WO1997001612A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI953165 1995-06-26
FI953165A FI953165A0 (fi) 1995-06-26 1995-06-26 Antihalkmedel och foerfarande foer framstaellning av detsamma
FI955482 1995-11-14
FI955482A FI101293B (fi) 1995-06-26 1995-11-14 Menetelmä kevytsoran pölyämisen vähentämiseksi sekä menetelmän mukaise sti käsitelty kevytsora

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1997001612A1 true WO1997001612A1 (fr) 1997-01-16

Family

ID=26159993

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/FI1996/000368 WO1997001613A1 (fr) 1995-06-26 1996-06-25 Procede pour empecher l'emission de poussieres par l'argile expansee
PCT/FI1996/000367 WO1997001612A1 (fr) 1995-06-26 1996-06-25 Melange anti-derapage et procede de fabrication associe

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/FI1996/000368 WO1997001613A1 (fr) 1995-06-26 1996-06-25 Procede pour empecher l'emission de poussieres par l'argile expansee

Country Status (2)

Country Link
FI (1) FI101293B (fr)
WO (2) WO1997001613A1 (fr)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6495063B1 (en) * 2001-08-31 2002-12-17 Clearwater, Inc. Treating coal and other piled materials to inhibit freeze binding
US6569348B1 (en) 2001-08-31 2003-05-27 Clearwater, Inc. Treating coal and other piled materials to inhibit freeze-binding
US6893582B2 (en) 2000-02-22 2005-05-17 Clearwater International, L.L.C. Method of heating a fluid using a line heater comprising an alkali metal formate
US6952925B2 (en) 2002-04-17 2005-10-11 SME Associates, Inc. Optimizing inlet air for gas turbines
US7060198B2 (en) 2002-05-08 2006-06-13 Clearwater International, L.L.C. Heat exchange fluids comprising amine carboxylates
WO2006128582A1 (fr) * 2005-05-30 2006-12-07 Leo, Claudia Materiau antigel pour une utilisation en exterieurs, generalement sur routes
CN114196378A (zh) * 2021-12-10 2022-03-18 煤炭科学技术研究院有限公司 一种无氯环保融雪剂及其制备方法

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2359932C1 (ru) * 2008-03-27 2009-06-27 Юлия Алексеевна Щепочкина Способ изготовления керамзитового гравия

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0301337A1 (fr) * 1987-07-30 1989-02-01 Alberto Canzani Composition activant le frottement sur des surfaces verglacées
EP0375214A1 (fr) * 1988-12-20 1990-06-27 BP Chemicals Limited Compositions de dégivrage

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS61113682A (ja) * 1984-11-08 1986-05-31 Tsukasa Doro Kk 粉塵防止剤
US5415795A (en) * 1994-06-16 1995-05-16 Betz Laboratories, Inc. Methods for controlling dust in high temperature systems by contacting dust with an aqueous sodium silicate solution

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0301337A1 (fr) * 1987-07-30 1989-02-01 Alberto Canzani Composition activant le frottement sur des surfaces verglacées
EP0375214A1 (fr) * 1988-12-20 1990-06-27 BP Chemicals Limited Compositions de dégivrage

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6893582B2 (en) 2000-02-22 2005-05-17 Clearwater International, L.L.C. Method of heating a fluid using a line heater comprising an alkali metal formate
US6495063B1 (en) * 2001-08-31 2002-12-17 Clearwater, Inc. Treating coal and other piled materials to inhibit freeze binding
US6569348B1 (en) 2001-08-31 2003-05-27 Clearwater, Inc. Treating coal and other piled materials to inhibit freeze-binding
US6952925B2 (en) 2002-04-17 2005-10-11 SME Associates, Inc. Optimizing inlet air for gas turbines
US7060198B2 (en) 2002-05-08 2006-06-13 Clearwater International, L.L.C. Heat exchange fluids comprising amine carboxylates
US7452480B2 (en) 2002-05-08 2008-11-18 Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. Heat exchange fluids
US7713435B2 (en) 2002-05-08 2010-05-11 Clearwater International, L.L.C. Heat exchange fluids comprising amine carboxylates
WO2006128582A1 (fr) * 2005-05-30 2006-12-07 Leo, Claudia Materiau antigel pour une utilisation en exterieurs, generalement sur routes
CN114196378A (zh) * 2021-12-10 2022-03-18 煤炭科学技术研究院有限公司 一种无氯环保融雪剂及其制备方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI955482A0 (fi) 1995-11-14
FI955482L (fi) 1996-12-27
FI101293B1 (fi) 1998-05-29
WO1997001613A1 (fr) 1997-01-16
FI101293B (fi) 1998-05-29

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