WO1997048254A1 - Electrodes constituees de bandes en plastique electro-conductrices et optiquement transparentes et fabrication de ces electrodes - Google Patents
Electrodes constituees de bandes en plastique electro-conductrices et optiquement transparentes et fabrication de ces electrodes Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1997048254A1 WO1997048254A1 PCT/US1997/009430 US9709430W WO9748254A1 WO 1997048254 A1 WO1997048254 A1 WO 1997048254A1 US 9709430 W US9709430 W US 9709430W WO 9748254 A1 WO9748254 A1 WO 9748254A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- electroconductive
- electrode
- layer
- plastic film
- translucent
- Prior art date
Links
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 76
- -1 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910003437 indium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium(iii) oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[In+3].[In+3] PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000298 Cellophane Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013305 flexible fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005546 reactive sputtering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920002799 BoPET Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920004934 Dacron® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005041 Mylar™ Substances 0.000 description 1
- NYZGMENMNUBUFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N P.[S-2].[Zn+2] Chemical compound P.[S-2].[Zn+2] NYZGMENMNUBUFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005083 Zinc sulfide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008199 coating composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002457 flexible plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- RHZWSUVWRRXEJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium tin Chemical compound [In].[Sn] RHZWSUVWRRXEJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002964 rayon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004627 regenerated cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052984 zinc sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Zn+2] DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
- H05B33/12—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces
- H05B33/26—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces characterised by the composition or arrangement of the conductive material used as an electrode
- H05B33/28—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces characterised by the composition or arrangement of the conductive material used as an electrode of translucent electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/20—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
- H05B33/10—Apparatus or processes specially adapted to the manufacture of electroluminescent light sources
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
- H05B33/12—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the manufacture of electroconductive sheets or webs suitable for a wide variety of uses, such as in electroluminescent and other electrically-photosensitive thin display devices, lamps, or signs which generate and transmit light in response to passage of electrical current therethrough.
- the composite structure is a laminate containing a cell comprising a front electrode layer or coating, a rear electrode layer or foil and, sandwiched therebetween, an electrically-photosensitive or luminescent layer or coating which generates and emits light in response to the passage of an electric field between the electrode layers.
- the electro-luminescent layer may be printed in the form of a design or message, and the top electrode layer must be not only electroconductive but also light-transmissive to permit the activated design or message to be viewed therethrough. Electrical leads are applied to the top and bottom electrode layers, and the entire cell laminate is encapsulated between protective top and bottom sheets such as transparent, non-conductive plastic films from which the conductive leads extend for passage of current through the laminate to energize the phosphor layer.
- top electrode layers which are strong, flexible, self-supporting, electroconductive and highly light- transmissive.
- Conventional inexpensive plastic films are strong, flexible and light-transmissive but not electroconductive.
- Electroconductive materials such as indium oxide, tin oxide and similar known materials are known coating materials for forming electroconductive and light-transmissive layers but such layers are not self- supporting or strong, per se, and must be formed as layers coated over a phosphor layer present on a base electrode such as an aluminum foil .
- the present invention is based upon the discovery that conventional, inexpensive light-transmissive plastic webs can be rendered electroconductive and electro- transmissive, while retaining light-transmissive properties, by forming or providing the web with a plurality of closely-spaced small diameter vias, holes, perforations, or passages, and providing both surfaces of the thin porous web with a thin layer of a light- transmitting, electrically conductive particulate material comprising a conductive metal oxide and preferably an adhesive binder material.
- the layers on opposite surfaces of the supporting plastic web are in electro-communication since the conductive particulate material fills the perforations or holes or extends through the passages in the body of the plastic web, forming conductive vias therethrough without substantially reducing the light- transmissive properties of the web.
- Fig. 1 is perspective view of a light-transmissive electroconductive plastic film electrode according to an embodiment of the present invention
- Fig. 2 is cross-section taken along the line 2-2 of Fig. 1;
- Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic cross-section of an electroluminescent light or display sign according to an embodiment of the invention.
- Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a light-transmissive, electroconductive plastic web woven from light- transmissive, electroconductive flexible fibers or filaments of plastic composition which are pre-coated with a thin, translucent, electroconductive salt such as an indium-tin oxide layer, and
- Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a light-transmissive electroconductive plastic web woven from light- transmissive flexible fibers or filaments of plastic composition, the woven web being coated on both sides with a thin, translucent electroconductive salt, such as indium-tin oxide layers, to render the web electroconductive.
- a thin, translucent electroconductive salt such as indium-tin oxide layers
- a sheet or web of thin flexible, clear plastic film 11 such as polyethylene terephthalate (Mylar) , polyethylene, polypropylene, nylon, cellophane or other similar strong film having a thickness of from 0.25 to about 50 mil (0.00025 inch to 0.05 inch) is provided with a plurality of closely-spaced perforations or holes 12, preferably accomplished by automatic laser burning, mechanical punching or perforation means while the film is in continuous web form.
- the perforated film is provided on both surfaces with a continuous thin layer or coating of a conventional electroconductive, translucent metal oxide such as an indium-tin oxide (ITO) layer deposited by reactive sputtering of an indium-tin target in the presence of oxygen.
- ITO indium-tin oxide
- This procedure forms continuous translucent electroconductive deposits on both surfaces of the film and in the holes 12 through the film to form conductive vias 15.
- This provides strong, flexible, translucent, self- supporting electroconductive plastic films 10 or electrode films which are manufactured in bulk, independently of any other components with which they might be used, such as a second electrode layer or a phosphor layer or electrical contacts or leads.
- the present strong, flexible, translucent, self- supporting electroconductive plastic web or electrode web may consist of a web or fabric of woven plastic fibers or filaments.
- the woven web 30 comprises a loosely-woven plurality of warp and weft fibers 31 which are extruded from a fiber-forming plastic composition, such as nylon, Dacron polyester, Rayon regenerated cellulose, or similar composition, thereafter coated with a thin layer of translucent electroconductive composition, such as indium-tin oxide, and then woven to form the web 30.
- the translucent electroconductive fibers 31 undulate from one surface of the web 130 to the other and conduct current around their peripheries as well as along their length.
- the warp and weft fibers 36 are extruded from a fiber-forming plastic composition of the aforementioned types and then loosely woven to form a translucent fabric web. Thereafter the web is coated on both surfaces with thin layers 37 and 38 of translucent electroconductive composition which penetrates into the passages or spaces between the fibers to produce electro ⁇ conductive connections or vias 39 between the surface layers 37 and 38 whereby the web 35 is electroconductive between the surface layers 37 and 38.
- an electroluminescent light or display sign comprising spaced designs 20 or letters, each consisting of a laminate of a top electrode layer 10, as in Figs. 1 and 2, a middle luminescent layer 22, such as a zinc sulfide phosphor layer, and a base electrode layer 21, such as aluminum foil, attached to a non-conductive support surface 25, such as glass or plastic.
- Layer 10 can be replaced with web 30 of Fig. 4 or web 35 of Fig. 5.
- the spaced designs may be ornamental figures or numbers or letters cut or punched from a laminate sheet or web.
- a sheet or web of thin aluminum foil can be coated with a conventional electroluminescent composition comprising conventional phosphor material, such as zinc sulfide containing a small amount of a transition metal, such as manganese, in conventional manner, and then laminated to a sheet or web of the top electrode conductive film or web.
- the phosphor layer may be coated onto the top electrode conductive film or web and then laminated to the bottom electrode foil to form the assembly.
- one embodiment of the present invention relates to the treatment of flexible, strong, translucent, sheet material which is not electroconductive, such as plastic film, to render it electroconductive without destroying its normal properties of translucency, flexibility and strength.
- This is accomplished by laser- burning, punching, piercing or otherwise perforating the sheet with holes small enough to be filed with a deposit of a translucent electroconductive salt, such as indium- tin oxide, when the opposed surfaces of the perforated sheet are coated with continuous layers of the electroconductive salt in conventional manner, such as by reactive sputtering, vapor deposition or other techniques for applying thin, continuous, translucent layers.
- a translucent electroconductive salt such as indium- tin oxide
- the present plastic films preferably are perforated by means of conventional mechanical punching or perforating devices or by laser devices to form a plurality of random or uniform closely spaced holes having small diameters, such as between about 0.002 inch and 0.06 inch in diameter and spaced by between about 0.004 inch up to about 0.5 inches.
- U.S. Patents 3,226,527; 4,218,606 and 4,743,123 for their disclosure of laser devices for perforating plastic sheet materials, which may be used according to the present invention.
- the present translucent electrode sheets, films or woven fabrics are suitable for a variety of different uses in which the ability to see through an upper electrode or the ability to transmit light through an upper electrode are essential, the present electrode sheets are particularly useful in planar, thin electroluminescent lights or signs in association with a flexible rear electrode and an electroluminescent phosphor layer which is sandwiched therebetween for activation and light- emission when an electric field is passed between the front and rear electrode sheets.
- the phosphor layer may be coated onto either the front surface of the rear electrode sheet or the rear surface of the front, translucent electrode sheet.
- the rear electrode sheet need not be translucent, such as thin aluminum foil, but can be the same as the novel translucent film used as the front electrode sheet, in which case the illuminated sign, such as a design, can be viewed from both sides if the sign is affixed to a transparent support such as a glass window.
- novel translucent electrode films and fabric webs of the present invention and of laminates thereof with electro-luminescent layers and rear electrode sheets, such as aluminum foils, is that they can be produced in the form of large sheets or webs and subsequently cut into individual designs, letters or numbers which are self-supporting and can be assembled as spaced elements of a sign prior to attachment of electrode leads to the upper and lower electrodes, and between the electrode layers of one design, letter or number and the next, as illustrated by the conductive wires 23 and 24 m Fig. 3. This is not possible with prior known devices in which two layers thereof are encased within protective top and bottom films after attachment of the electrical leads.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
On utilise des électrodes (10) se présentant sous forme de films plastiques électro-conducteurs, translucides et souples pour la fabrication de lampes électroluminescentes, de panneaux lumineux et autres dispositifs d'affichage analogues. Pour fabriquer ces électrodes (10), on forme des couches (14, 15 ou 37, 38) d'oxyde conducteur sur les surfaces d'un film plastique perforé (11) ou d'une toile plastique (35). Lesdites couches d'oxyde conducteur, par exemple d'oxyde stannique d'indium (ITO), communiquent par l'intermédiaire des perforations (15) ou des espaces de l'armure (39) de manière à établir une communication électrique intégrale entre les faces opposées de l'électrode. Un autre procédé consiste à former une électrode contenant une bande conductrice à partir de bandes de plastique translucides (31) qui sont pré-enduites avec l'oxyde conducteur.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US08/662,866 US5672937A (en) | 1996-06-12 | 1996-06-12 | Light-transmitting electroconductive plastic film electrodes and method of manufacture |
| US08/662,866 | 1996-06-12 | ||
| US71827796A | 1996-09-20 | 1996-09-20 | |
| US08/718,277 | 1996-09-20 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1997048254A1 true WO1997048254A1 (fr) | 1997-12-18 |
Family
ID=27098618
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/US1997/009430 WO1997048254A1 (fr) | 1996-06-12 | 1997-06-03 | Electrodes constituees de bandes en plastique electro-conductrices et optiquement transparentes et fabrication de ces electrodes |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| KR (1) | KR100276552B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO1997048254A1 (fr) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2003005775A1 (fr) * | 2001-07-05 | 2003-01-16 | Visson Ip, Llc | Structure d'affichage flexible cellulaire |
| US6836259B2 (en) | 2002-03-26 | 2004-12-28 | Visson Ip, Llc | Electrooptical display with changeable pictures |
| DE102009017787A1 (de) * | 2009-04-20 | 2010-10-28 | Sefar Ag | Optoelektronische Folienanordnung |
| EP2773166A1 (fr) * | 2013-02-27 | 2014-09-03 | Sefar AG | Dispositif d'électroluminescence plat et/ou en forme de bande avec une électrode comprenant un tissu flexible et transparent |
| EP2380775B1 (fr) * | 2010-04-26 | 2016-11-23 | tesa SE | Electrode passante optique apte à l'emboutissage profond et élément de surface comprenant celle-ci pour lampes/feuilles el |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20050063292A (ko) * | 2003-12-22 | 2005-06-28 | 주식회사 지에이코리아테크 | 가요성 전면전극 필름과 이를 이용한 네온 플렉스 소자 |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2774004A (en) * | 1953-04-08 | 1956-12-11 | Gen Electric | Flexible electroluminescent laminated panel |
| US2849339A (en) * | 1953-04-08 | 1958-08-26 | Gen Electric | Indium basic trifluoracetate and method of coating vitreous bodies therewith |
| US3252845A (en) * | 1961-09-15 | 1966-05-24 | Gen Electric | Manufacture of electroluminescent cells |
| US4645970A (en) * | 1984-11-05 | 1987-02-24 | Donnelly Corporation | Illuminated EL panel assembly |
-
1997
- 1997-06-03 WO PCT/US1997/009430 patent/WO1997048254A1/fr active Application Filing
- 1997-06-10 KR KR1019970023861A patent/KR100276552B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2774004A (en) * | 1953-04-08 | 1956-12-11 | Gen Electric | Flexible electroluminescent laminated panel |
| US2849339A (en) * | 1953-04-08 | 1958-08-26 | Gen Electric | Indium basic trifluoracetate and method of coating vitreous bodies therewith |
| US3252845A (en) * | 1961-09-15 | 1966-05-24 | Gen Electric | Manufacture of electroluminescent cells |
| US4645970A (en) * | 1984-11-05 | 1987-02-24 | Donnelly Corporation | Illuminated EL panel assembly |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2003005775A1 (fr) * | 2001-07-05 | 2003-01-16 | Visson Ip, Llc | Structure d'affichage flexible cellulaire |
| US6836259B2 (en) | 2002-03-26 | 2004-12-28 | Visson Ip, Llc | Electrooptical display with changeable pictures |
| DE102009017787A1 (de) * | 2009-04-20 | 2010-10-28 | Sefar Ag | Optoelektronische Folienanordnung |
| US8598779B2 (en) | 2009-04-20 | 2013-12-03 | Sefar Ag, Thal | Optoelectronic film arrangement with a translucent layer |
| EP2380775B1 (fr) * | 2010-04-26 | 2016-11-23 | tesa SE | Electrode passante optique apte à l'emboutissage profond et élément de surface comprenant celle-ci pour lampes/feuilles el |
| EP2773166A1 (fr) * | 2013-02-27 | 2014-09-03 | Sefar AG | Dispositif d'électroluminescence plat et/ou en forme de bande avec une électrode comprenant un tissu flexible et transparent |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR100276552B1 (ko) | 2000-12-15 |
| KR970062069A (ko) | 1997-09-12 |
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