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WO1997044909A1 - Telephone mobile avec reflecteur d'antenne - Google Patents

Telephone mobile avec reflecteur d'antenne Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1997044909A1
WO1997044909A1 PCT/CH1996/000202 CH9600202W WO9744909A1 WO 1997044909 A1 WO1997044909 A1 WO 1997044909A1 CH 9600202 W CH9600202 W CH 9600202W WO 9744909 A1 WO9744909 A1 WO 9744909A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
antenna
reflector
user
head
radio telephone
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CH1996/000202
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Willy Richartz
Original Assignee
Willy Richartz
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Willy Richartz filed Critical Willy Richartz
Priority to AU56836/96A priority Critical patent/AU5683696A/en
Priority to PCT/CH1996/000202 priority patent/WO1997044909A1/fr
Priority to EP96914832A priority patent/EP0861528A1/fr
Publication of WO1997044909A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997044909A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/38—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
    • H04B1/3827—Portable transceivers
    • H04B1/3833—Hand-held transceivers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/242—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use
    • H01Q1/245—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use with means for shaping the antenna pattern, e.g. in order to protect user against rf exposure

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hand-held radio telephone with an antenna reflector which brings about a substantial reduction in the electromagnetic field radiated to the user and at the same time effectively prevents the influence on the antenna and the absorption of the electromagnetic field by the head or body of the user.
  • All antennas used to date for the above-mentioned devices have predominantly an omnidirectional characteristic. Seen from the function and the normal range requirements, e.g. in a cellular network, these omnidirectional antennas have proven their worth. At locations with poor radio technology or with critical radio distances, an increased radiation efficiency of> 2 dB in the desired direction would be advantageous on the transmitting and receiving side. That is, with a lower transmission power, the same range results and a longer battery life would be achieved.
  • the antenna is suitable for all radio telephones, e.g. Natel C, Natel D, etc. very close to the user. This has the effect that the usable radiation power is reduced to such an extent through power absorption and the dampening influence of the user's head or body on the omnidirectional antenna that in practice up to 70 percent of the radiation or reception power is converted into heat.
  • the attenuation in the radiation diagram in the direction of the user will therefore always be very high for handheld telephones with an integrated or directly attached antenna.
  • a large proportion of the power emitted against the user is almost completely absorbed in the area of the head and at frequencies above 800 MHz, predominantly in the skull area.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of drastically reducing the electromagnetic field acting on the body and primarily on the head region of the users of handheld radio telephones by at least -9 dB and simultaneously using the transmission power better by increasing the radiation efficiency.
  • the object is achieved with a large-area antenna reflector, which is due to the size of the hand-held radio telephone and the type and shape of the
  • Antenna has a distance to the antenna between 0.02 ⁇ - 0.5 ⁇ , i.e. in practice a little less than that
  • Housing depth of the radio is and is dimensioned for the best possible reverse attenuation. Together with the installed reflector, the antenna should be corrected and / or adjusted.
  • the reflector surface is preferably arranged frontally on the front of the device, vertically above the operating and speaker front, as is the antenna, but opposite and as close as possible to the rear of the housing in order to achieve a sufficient distance from the reflector.
  • the width of the reflector is approximately ⁇ equal to the housing width and is always greater than 0.08 ⁇ and the length is greater than the antenna length but always greater than 0.2 ⁇ .
  • the reflector is directly or capacitively connected to the HF earth - ground plane - antenna socket in accordance with the radio frequency.
  • the reflector So that the comfort of the handheld radio in standby mode is not affected by the reflector, For example, by means of a folding or rotating mechanism or on guide rails, they are moved to the front of the device in such a way that it also serves as a front cover for the operating elements, such as the keyboard field, loudspeaker and possibly microphone, so that the device can only be pushed out or opened ⁇ folded and functional reflector can be used and used.
  • the part of the radio device on the transmission side or in any case the high-frequency transmitter output stage should be replaced by a sensor system, e.g.
  • the fork contact for voice radio and dialing / calling operation are deactivated and / or the operator is made aware of the malfunction with a visual and / or acoustic warning.
  • the reflector with the antenna can also be attached to the floor, on the back, on the side or inside the device.
  • the front of the device can also be designed as a reflector or can be used in part as a reflector surface.
  • the reflector inevitably considerably reduces the radiation resistance and thus the base resistance of the open% ⁇ antenna. Therefore it can be partial to use a folded% ⁇ antenna emitter according to half of a folding dipole instead of the usual ⁇ ⁇ antenna, the end of which is directly connected to the HF earth. This applies in particular if the length of the antenna is to be shortened additionally.
  • Shortening occurs, for example. by a 180 ° fold of the antenna at a distance of approx. / 5 ⁇ - / 7 ⁇ from the base point or by multiple step-like folding of the antenna over a length of approx. / ⁇ l - / 3 ⁇ from the base point or by a T-shaped fold , etc.
  • the convolution doubles the radiation and base resistance.
  • the design it is possible that the achieved forward / backward ratio or the forward radiation is insufficient.
  • arranging a large - area director in front of the antenna in the main beam direction can improve the forward / backward ratio or the forward radiation by up to 3 dB.
  • the director is connected to the HF earth / ground plane in a radio frequency-compatible manner.
  • the length of the large-area director is always much smaller than the length / height of the antenna and lies in the
  • the width of the director is ⁇ equal to the width of the device, but always greater than 0.02 ⁇ .
  • the rear wall of the device can also be designed as a director or can be used in part as a director's area.
  • the distance between the large-area director and the antenna is mainly given by the available housing depth and is between 0.01 ⁇ - 0.15 ⁇ .
  • a symmetrical J $ ⁇ dipole antenna or a loop antenna of any shape e.g. For example, folding dipole, circular, rectangular or triangular with the electrically effective
  • Range of approx. / Q ⁇ - 1 ⁇ can be used, which is not excited in relation to the housing / chassis / HF earth.
  • the dipole or the loop antenna can be shortened by suitable folding or electrical adaptation in the mechanical dimensions length x width or in the circumference.
  • the reflector surface is HF-grounded and has the function of a shield and ground plane and must therefore always be selected at least 5 percent larger than the mechanical extension of the antenna lying horizontally above it, but is always larger than 0.08 ⁇ x 0.08 ⁇ .
  • antenna reflectors are part of the basic configuration of almost all directional antenna systems and are very often used for permanently installed transmission and reception systems.
  • the principle of operation of the large-area reflector is, depending on the distance to the antenna and the shape of the antenna used, a combination between a correctly arranged reflector, ground plane and shield.
  • the radiation efficiency is no longer influenced by the operator.
  • the power emitted mainly in the radiation diagram at an opening angle of approximately 180 ° is reflected and distorted several times, in particular at wavelengths around 30 cm, of conductive materials of all types inside and outside of buildings and the like, so that the HF field is reflected in all Directions is scattered.
  • the directional beam characteristic often only plays a subordinate role in practice. Because there is now practically no attenuating influence due to absorption or detuning of the antenna by the user, even at a distance of only 1 cm from the reflector, the resulting power of the order of 6 dB is now additionally available as usable radiation power, which is approximately what practically achievable "operating profit" corresponds.
  • the average achievable forward / backward ratio at a distance of approx. 3 - 6 cm to the antenna is over 13 dB, i.e. at one in the main beam direction and 4 cm
  • Distance to the existing field density of e.g. 2 1 watt / dm is the residual field density at a distance of 1 cm behind the reflector, analogously equal to a distance of 4 cm
  • FIG. 1 shows the illustratively sketched form of a portable hand-held radio telephone 1 in the frequency range around 850-950 MHz and the functionally correctly arranged reflector 2 and the fixed antenna 3 at the correct distance from the reflector 2.
  • the size of the reflector 2 here is 11 x 5 cm and the distance to
  • Antenna 3 is 2.7 cm here, corresponding to 0.08 ⁇ .

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Support Of Aerials (AREA)

Abstract

Dans tous les appareils téléphoniques mobiles (1) comme le Natel C, le Natel D, etc., comportant une antenne (3) intégrée ou directement fixée sur l'appareil (1), celle-ci est, du fait des nécessités d'utilisation, très proche de la tête de l'utilisateur. Ceci a pour conséquence que l'antenne (3), suivant la forme de la tête, est plus ou moins résonnante ou amortie et qu'ainsi une grande partie de la puissance rayonnée est absorbée au niveau de la tête. Le dispositif de l'invention, constitué d'un réflecteur d'antenne (2) à grande surface, permet de remédier à ces inconvénients, et réduit notamment d'un facteur de 1/20 la quantité de rayonnement reçue par l'utilisateur de l'appareil.
PCT/CH1996/000202 1996-05-23 1996-05-23 Telephone mobile avec reflecteur d'antenne WO1997044909A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU56836/96A AU5683696A (en) 1996-05-23 1996-05-23 Mobile phone set with antenna reflector
PCT/CH1996/000202 WO1997044909A1 (fr) 1996-05-23 1996-05-23 Telephone mobile avec reflecteur d'antenne
EP96914832A EP0861528A1 (fr) 1996-05-23 1996-05-23 Telephone mobile avec reflecteur d'antenne

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CH1996/000202 WO1997044909A1 (fr) 1996-05-23 1996-05-23 Telephone mobile avec reflecteur d'antenne

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1997044909A1 true WO1997044909A1 (fr) 1997-11-27

Family

ID=4550429

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CH1996/000202 WO1997044909A1 (fr) 1996-05-23 1996-05-23 Telephone mobile avec reflecteur d'antenne

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0861528A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU5683696A (fr)
WO (1) WO1997044909A1 (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2000069017A1 (fr) * 1999-05-06 2000-11-16 RICHTNÉR STJERNWALL, Christian Téléphone mobile et antenne associée
DE10238967A1 (de) * 2002-06-04 2003-12-18 Curtis 1000 Europ Ag Mobiltelefon
WO2004095637A1 (fr) * 2003-04-22 2004-11-04 Cocomo Mb Communications, Inc. Procede et appareil pour ameliorer l'efficacite d'une antenne
ES2222789A1 (es) * 2002-12-19 2005-02-01 Jose Luis De La Torre Barreiro Reflector pasivo captador de señal.
US6891512B2 (en) 2000-12-27 2005-05-10 Cocomo Mb Cojmmunications, Inc. Antenna
ES2255438A1 (es) * 2004-12-01 2006-06-16 Jose Luis De La Torre Barreiro Bobinas captadoras asociadas a telefonos moviles.

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1994026000A1 (fr) * 1993-04-28 1994-11-10 Multi Service Corporation Antenne a blindage contre les champs electromagnetiques destinee a des telephones cellulaires
US5367309A (en) * 1993-07-09 1994-11-22 Richard Tashjian Cellular phone shield
GB2282028A (en) * 1993-08-26 1995-03-22 Betacom Plc Cordless telephone with loop antenna

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1994026000A1 (fr) * 1993-04-28 1994-11-10 Multi Service Corporation Antenne a blindage contre les champs electromagnetiques destinee a des telephones cellulaires
US5367309A (en) * 1993-07-09 1994-11-22 Richard Tashjian Cellular phone shield
GB2282028A (en) * 1993-08-26 1995-03-22 Betacom Plc Cordless telephone with loop antenna

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2000069017A1 (fr) * 1999-05-06 2000-11-16 RICHTNÉR STJERNWALL, Christian Téléphone mobile et antenne associée
US6891512B2 (en) 2000-12-27 2005-05-10 Cocomo Mb Cojmmunications, Inc. Antenna
US6956534B2 (en) 2000-12-27 2005-10-18 Cocomo Mb Communications, Inc. Method and apparatus for improving antenna efficiency
DE10238967A1 (de) * 2002-06-04 2003-12-18 Curtis 1000 Europ Ag Mobiltelefon
ES2222789A1 (es) * 2002-12-19 2005-02-01 Jose Luis De La Torre Barreiro Reflector pasivo captador de señal.
ES2222789B1 (es) * 2002-12-19 2006-04-01 Jose Luis De La Torre Barreiro Reflector pasivo captador de señal.
WO2004095637A1 (fr) * 2003-04-22 2004-11-04 Cocomo Mb Communications, Inc. Procede et appareil pour ameliorer l'efficacite d'une antenne
JP2006524454A (ja) * 2003-04-22 2006-10-26 株式会社ココモ・エムビー・コミュニケーションズ アンテナ効率を向上する方法及び装置
ES2255438A1 (es) * 2004-12-01 2006-06-16 Jose Luis De La Torre Barreiro Bobinas captadoras asociadas a telefonos moviles.
ES2255438B1 (es) * 2004-12-01 2007-07-16 Jose Luis De La Torre Barreiro Bobinas captadoras asociadas a telefonos moviles.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU5683696A (en) 1997-12-09
EP0861528A1 (fr) 1998-09-02

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