WO1996038566A1 - Fragment d'acide nucleique codant pour un enzyme implique dans la voie de biosynthese de l'acide abscissique (aba) chez les plantes - Google Patents
Fragment d'acide nucleique codant pour un enzyme implique dans la voie de biosynthese de l'acide abscissique (aba) chez les plantes Download PDFInfo
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- WO1996038566A1 WO1996038566A1 PCT/FR1996/000820 FR9600820W WO9638566A1 WO 1996038566 A1 WO1996038566 A1 WO 1996038566A1 FR 9600820 W FR9600820 W FR 9600820W WO 9638566 A1 WO9638566 A1 WO 9638566A1
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- C12N9/00—Enzymes; Proenzymes; Compositions thereof; Processes for preparing, activating, inhibiting, separating or purifying enzymes
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- C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
- C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
- C12N15/63—Introduction of foreign genetic material using vectors; Vectors; Use of hosts therefor; Regulation of expression
- C12N15/79—Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts
- C12N15/82—Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts for plant cells, e.g. plant artificial chromosomes (PACs)
- C12N15/8241—Phenotypically and genetically modified plants via recombinant DNA technology
- C12N15/8242—Phenotypically and genetically modified plants via recombinant DNA technology with non-agronomic quality (output) traits, e.g. for industrial processing; Value added, non-agronomic traits
- C12N15/8243—Phenotypically and genetically modified plants via recombinant DNA technology with non-agronomic quality (output) traits, e.g. for industrial processing; Value added, non-agronomic traits involving biosynthetic or metabolic pathways, i.e. metabolic engineering, e.g. nicotine, caffeine
- C12N15/825—Phenotypically and genetically modified plants via recombinant DNA technology with non-agronomic quality (output) traits, e.g. for industrial processing; Value added, non-agronomic traits involving biosynthetic or metabolic pathways, i.e. metabolic engineering, e.g. nicotine, caffeine involving pigment biosynthesis
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- C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
- C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
- C12N15/63—Introduction of foreign genetic material using vectors; Vectors; Use of hosts therefor; Regulation of expression
- C12N15/79—Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts
- C12N15/82—Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts for plant cells, e.g. plant artificial chromosomes (PACs)
- C12N15/8241—Phenotypically and genetically modified plants via recombinant DNA technology
- C12N15/8261—Phenotypically and genetically modified plants via recombinant DNA technology with agronomic (input) traits, e.g. crop yield
- C12N15/8291—Hormone-influenced development
- C12N15/8293—Abscisic acid [ABA]
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the cloning of a gene involved in the abscissic acid (ABA) biosynthesis pathway in plants.
- ABA abscissic acid
- the present invention relates to an isolated nucleic acid fragment coding for an enzyme involved in the ABA biosynthesis pathway.
- Abscissic acid is considered a plant "stress hormone" because it is accumulated when plants are subjected to various stresses such as saline soils, low temperatures, frost and drought. ABA induces responses in the host plant that increase stress tolerance. The water content of plant tissues and the functioning of stomata are regulated by the ABA (Tal and Nevo, 1973). ABA also controls the dormancy and germination aspects of seeds (Koornneef et al., 1982, 1989), and promotes normal embryogenesis and the formation of proteins stored in seeds (see Kermode, 1990).
- the abil and abi3 genes were isolated by positional cloning also called the method of works on the chromosome (Leung et al., 1994; Meyer et al., 1994; Giraudat et al., 1992).
- the abil gene codes for a calcium-regulated phosphatase, while abi3 codes for a protein homologous to VP1.
- Viviparous mutants of vp-2 corn. vp-5. vp-7 and vp-9 are deficient in ABA and are blocked simultaneously in the early stages of carotenoid biosynthesis. Consequently, they present a photo-bleaching, due to the lack of protection of the photosynthetic devices by the carotenoids (Moore and Smith, 1985; Neil et al., 1986).
- the aba mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana is deficient in the epoxidation of zeaxanthin (Duckham et al., 1991; Rock and Zeevaart, 1991) which is considered to be the first step in the biosynthesis of ABA (Taylor, 1991).
- Several mutants isolated from tomatoes (flacca and sitiens).
- the aim of the present invention is the isolation of a gene from the ABA biosynthetic pathway.
- a gene from the ABA biosynthetic pathway can be used to control or modify the synthesis of ABA in transgenic plants.
- the present invention provides for the first time the isolation and molecular characterization of a gene from the ABA biosynthetic pathway.
- a new mutant deficient in ABA (called aba2) was isolated by insertion mutagenesis induced by a transposable element Ac in
- Nicotiana plumbaginifolia The main advantage of this mutant is that the gene for the ABA biosynthetic pathway is labeled there because the mutation, which causes ABA deficiency, is due to the insertion of the Ac element. Analysis of the corresponding cDNA indicates that it codes for a zeaxanthin epoxidase. This epoxidase is original and the control of its expression is decisive because it probably catalyzes the first two stages of ABA biosynthesis. Gene labeling experiments, using mutation by insertion of transposable elements, whatever the species, are completely random and can take several years.
- AFLP Among others, several genes have been cloned by this technique to date, while several hundred mutants have been identified in Arabidopsis. This is why, although the abscissic acid deficient mutant was isolated in 1982 from Arabidopsis, the corresponding gene has still not been cloned by this technique.
- the present invention therefore relates to an isolated nucleic acid fragment encoding an enzyme involved in the biosynthesis pathway for abscissic acid (ABA) in plants.
- the enzyme is an epoxidase involved in the first two stages of the ABA biosynthesis pathway. More particularly still, the enzyme exhibits an activity of epoxidation of zeaxanthin.
- the subject of the present invention is an isolated nucleic acid fragment, characterized in that it comprises all or part of a nucleotide sequence as shown in the sequence identifier No. 1, or all or part of a sequence homologous to that shown in sequence identifier No. 1, or all or part of a sequence complementary to said sequence of sequence identifier No. 1 or of a homologous sequence.
- nucleic acid fragment is meant here a nucleotide polymer which may be of DNA or RNA type. These terms are defined in all basic molecular biology works.
- a nucleic acid fragment according to the invention is a double stranded DNA fragment.
- part designates a fragment comprising a portion of at least 500, preferably at least 1000 nucleotides identical to a portion of equivalent length of the nucleotide sequence indicated in the sequence identifier (IDS No. 1) or of its complementary.
- homologous refers to any nucleic acid exhibiting one or more sequence modification (s) with respect to all or part of the sequence shown in IDS No. 1, and coding for an enzyme having the activity mentioned above. -above. These modifications can be obtained by mutations, deletion and / or addition of one or more nucleotide (s) relative to the native sequence. They can be introduced in particular to improve the activity of the enzyme. In this context, a degree of homology of 70% with respect to the native sequence will be preferred, advantageously 80% and preferably 90%. A person skilled in the art knows where to carry out the modifications so as not to drastically alter the function of the enzyme and also knows the techniques making it possible to assess whether the generated homolog has enzymatic activity, for example by insertion upstream. a reporter gene whose expression is easily detectable ( ⁇ -galactosidase, cathechol-oxygenase, luciferase or even a gene conferring resistance to an antibiotic). But any other conventional technique can also be used.
- IDS No. 1 The sequence of IDS No. 1 is a sequence isolated from the aba2 mutant described below. It is the cDNA sequence, that is to say devoid of introns.
- the fragment according to the invention comprises all or part of the coding sequence ranging from nuciéotide n ° 41 to 2029, IDS / 41 N ° l, or its complement, or of a sequence homologous or complementary to said homologous sequence.
- the fragment according to the invention additionally comprises the leader sequence going from nuciéotide n ° 1 to 40 of IDS N ° 1.
- the fragment according to the invention advantageously comprises the termination sequence ranging from nuciéotide 2030 to 2400 from IDS No. 1.
- it includes said termination sequence augmented by a poly A tail at its 3 ′ end.
- the fragment according to the invention comprises the complete sequence of 2400 nucleotides as shown on IDS No. 1, a homologous sequence, a complementary sequence, or a sequence homologous to said complementary sequence.
- the invention also includes any sequence capable of hybridizing under stringent conditions with one of these sequences and coding for the same enzymatic activity involved in the ABA biosynthesis pathway, in particular in the first two steps.
- the subject of the present invention is a cloning vector characterized in that it comprises a nucleic acid fragment according to the present invention.
- a cloning vector comprises a complete coding sequence of 2400 nucleotides as shown in IDS No. 1.
- the invention also relates to any equivalent DNA sequence, that is to say that differs from the sequences mentioned above only by one or more neutral mutations, that is to say whose change or substitution of nucleotides involved does not affect the primary sequence of the resulting protein.
- cloning vector comprising the fragment, of the vectors comprising a DNA sequence containing at least one origin of replication such as plasmids, cosmids, bacteriophages, viruses etc.
- origin of replication such as plasmids, cosmids, bacteriophages, viruses etc.
- plasmids will be used.
- the DNA fragment according to the invention will be associated with a regulatory sequence suitable for its transcription and translation (hereinafter regulon) such as promoters, including start and stop codons, "enhancers", operators .
- regulon a regulatory sequence suitable for its transcription and translation
- the means and methods for identifying and selecting these promoters are well known to those skilled in the art.
- the DNA fragments according to the invention can be introduced into plant cells according to known mechanisms such as through the Ti plasmid of Agrobacterium tumefaciens. or by direct transfer of genes such as by the electroporation method. In this case, but not necessarily, the regulon constituting the corresponding gene can be advantageously used.
- the DNA fragments according to the invention can be used to transform microorganisms or eukaryotic cells to clone and produce the corresponding Epoxidase enzyme.
- the present invention finally makes it possible to improve the stress resistance of plants, by introducing into the cells of said plants a DNA fragment coding according to the invention, under conditions allowing its replication and its expression.
- the expression of the gene can be blocked by hybridization of the mRNA transcribed by said gene with an RNA fragment complementary to at least part of the mRNA transcribed by one of said genes.
- Said fragment of RNA complementary to at least part of the mRNA transcribed by one of said genes can be introduced as it is into the cells of plants to be transformed or in the form of a DNA fragment placed under the control of a transcriptional promoter, so that the transcription of said DNA fragment provides an RNA sequence complementary to at least part of the mRNA transcribed by the gene.
- a plasmid containing an exogenous DNA fragment placed under the control of a transcriptional promoter, so that the transcription of said DNA fragment provides an RNA sequence complementary to at least minus part of the endogenous mRNA transcribed by the gene.
- said exogenous DNA fragment codes for an RNA sequence complementary to part of the mRNA transcribed by the gene comprising the ribosome binding site and / or the translation initiation site.
- the exogenous gene is generally a heterologous gene, that is to say which comes from a plant, from a species different from the host cell, the gene coding for the enzyme ordinarily not produced by the plant in the genome. from which it is introduced.
- the exogenous gene introduced into the genome of the plant can also be a gene homologous to the endogenous gene, that is to say the expression of which produces the enzyme ordinarily produced by the plant.
- said exogenous DNA fragment codes for an RNA sequence complementary to more than 80% of the mRNA by one of the abovementioned genes.
- Said exogenous DNA fragment may be a fragment of one of the functional genes coding for an abovementioned enzyme, this fragment being placed opposite to the endogenous gene with respect to the promoter, so that transcription of said reverse gene fragment occurs in a direction opposite to the direction of transcription of the gene to hybridize to the endogenous mRNA of said gene and block its expression.
- the term "functional gene coding for the enzyme” means a DNA sequence which can therefore be shorter or longer than the total coding sequence, of the complete gene of the enzyme.
- the enzyme means a DNA sequence which can therefore be shorter or longer than the total coding sequence, of the complete gene of the enzyme.
- “functional gene” could correspond to a coding sequence devoid of introns. It is also possible, to introduce a fragment of mRNA or of DNA into the plant, to implement first of all the methods of direct transfer of genes known to those skilled in the art, such as direct micro-injection into embryo cells or direct precipitation by means of EPG or bombardment by particle cannon or by infection with a bacterial strain into which the nucleic acid fragment has been introduced.
- the plant can also be infected with a bacterial strain, in particular Agrobacterium tumefaciens according to a proven method (Schell and van Montagu, 1983) or Agrobacterium rhizogenes. especially for species recalcitrant during processing (Chilton et al., 1982).
- the bacterial strain will comprise said DNA fragment coding for the enzyme under the control of elements ensuring transcription into mRNA of said gene.
- the strain can be transformed by a vector into which is inserted the gene encoding the enzyme under the control of elements ensuring the transcription of said gene.
- This gene will be inserted, for example, into a binary vector such as pBINI19 (Bevan, 1984) or pMON 505 (Horsch and Klee, 1986) or any other binary vector derived from the plasmids Tl and Ri. It can also be usefully introduced by homologous recombination into a disarmed Tl or Ri plasmid, such as pGV 3850 (Zambryski et al., 1983) before the transformation of the plant.
- FIG. 1 represents the effect of the desiccation on the weight of loose leaves of the wild type and of the mutant AA67 (aba2) of Nicotiana Plumbaginifolia. The leaves were harvested, gently dried on absorbent paper and weighed every 5 min. in the drying atmosphere of a laminar flow hood. The mean and standard error of six independent experiments are shown.
- FIG. 2 represents the carotenoid profile of wild type leaves and of the AA67 mutant (aba2).
- FIG. 3 represents the biosynthetic scheme of ABA from zeaxanthin. Adapted from the synthetic route proposed by Li and Walton (1 90) and Parry et al. (1990).
- FIG. 4 represents the Southern analysis of the DNA of the mutant and wild progeny of the mutant plant AA67 (aba 2). carrying a trAc element.
- the DNA digested with EcoRI was hybridized to the probe A (on the 5 ′ edge of Ac).
- Ro indicates the primary transformant; R j, the parental AA67 plant; Ml to M3, mutant progeny R 2 ; NI to N5, plants R 2 having a wild phenotype; p indicates the proportion of mutants in the offspring of each plant.
- FIG. 5 represents the partial restriction map of the locus mutated by the insertion of Ac.
- the positions of the probes corresponding to Ac and the adjacent DNA are indicated by bars A, B and C.
- FIG. 6 represents the northern analysis of the RNA of wild type leaves and of the mutant aba2 hybridized with the C probe (FIG. 3B) and with the ⁇ ATPase probe.
- FIG. 7 represents the Southern analysis of the DNA of revertant plants in the progeny of a homozygous mutant plant. Digestion was carried out by EcoRV and hybridization with probe C
- the tracks are as follows: WT, wild type; Ri, parental AA67 plant; R 2 , a heterozygous R 2 plant; lines 1 to 5 are the reverting plants of the R 3 progeny of a homozygous mutant R 2 plant; M4 and M5, two mutant R 2 homozygous plants.
- FIG. 8 shows the complete cDNA sequence with the deduced amino acid sequence for the largest ORF starting with a methionine. The first initiation codon and the stop codon are indicated in bold. The 8 bp sequence duplicated in the genomic locus after the insertion of Ac is framed.
- FIG. 9 represents the three domains of significant homology of the protein are represented. The motif of binding to ADP (a), the central motif of unknown function (b) and the motif of binding to FAD (c). Amino acid positions are shown in parentheses.
- FIG. 10 represents the studies of import into the chloroplasts of the translation products of cDNA.
- Lane 1 is loaded with molecular weight markers
- T is loaded with a microliter of translation mixture
- C is loaded with the import reaction (corresponding to 1/4 of the total of the import reaction)
- P is loaded with the import reaction after protease treatment (corresponding to 1/4 of the import reaction).
- ABA abscissic acid
- ABA-GE ester of ABA-glucose
- bp base pairs
- DW dry weight
- FW fresh weight
- HPLC high pressure liquid chromatography
- nt for nuciéotide (s); "ORF” for open reading frame.
- transposable element of Aç maize inserted into the sequence of a kanamycin resistance marker (Baker et al., 1987) was introduced via a transformation by Agrobacterium in N. plumbaginifolia. giving rise to primary transformants Ro (Marion-Poll et al.,
- Transgenic plants of Nicotiana plumbaginifolia cv. viviani were obtained by transformation with the construction pGV 3850 Hygro: pKU 3Ti (Baker et al., 1987) and characterized as previously described (Marion-Poll et al., 1993).
- the screening of the mutant phenotypes was carried out using seeds sterilized on the surface, spread on a BNO 3 medium (Gabard et al., 1987). To promote uniform germination, the seeds were placed for 10 to 20 days in a germination chamber having a significant difference in terms of day / night temperatures (25V17 ° C) and short days (8 hrs / 16 hrs). The boxes containing young seedlings were transferred to a growth chamber (16 h day / 8 h night and 25 ° C) to allow faster growth. 6 week old seedlings were transferred to the soil.
- the seedlings of the mutant aba2 were unable to grow under standard greenhouse conditions and were grown under a plastic film in the greenhouse (with an atmosphere saturated with water) or in a growth chamber (90% humidity relative, 16 h of day / 8 h of night and 25V17 ° C). All molecular and biochemical analyzes were carried out on non-stressed leaves harvested before the flowering period. The water stress protocol used was described by Parry et al., (1991).
- the transposition of Aç was monitored in the progeny (Ri) of the primary transformants using the excision marker for kanamycin resistance. This allowed the selection of 1000 Ri plants resistant to kanamycin which were cultivated until maturity, and whose offspring were put to germinate in vitro. One of them (AA67) showed segregation for an early germination phenotype. Freshly harvested AA67 mutant seeds germinated in 4 to 7 days, while wild type seeds took 10 to 15 days. This phenotype presented a Mendelian type segregation characteristic of a recessive and monogenic mutation. The young mutant seedlings were extremely sensitive to water stress, probably because they did not close their stomata.
- the mutant leaves lost 48% of their fresh weight (FW) in 60 min in a draft while, during the same period, the wild type leaves lost only 11% of FW ( Figure 1). This required putting the plants to grow in 90 to 100% relative humidity.
- the young mutant plants treated with a daily spray of ABA at 40 ⁇ M for two weeks recovered the rate of transpiration of the wild type when loose leaves were tested (data not shown).
- the grafting of mutant plants onto wild type tobacco stems also allowed the restoration of the wild phenotype.
- the AA67 mutant was crossed with the aba 1 mutant. previously isolated from N. plumbaginifolia (Bitoun et al, 1989, Rousselin et al., 1992). The complementation between these two mutants has shown that they are mutated on different genes. As a result, the AA67 mutant was called aba2.
- Genomic DNA was extracted from 2 g of leaf material as described by Dellaporta et al. (1983), and purified on a cesium chloride gradient. Ten ⁇ g of DNA were digested with the appropriate restriction enzymes, separated on 0.8% agarose gels and transferred to a nylon membrane (Hybond-N, Amersham). Hybridization of the membranes was carried out under stringent conditions using probes A (a 0.7 kb AccI-HindIII fragment from the 5 'end of Aç), B (a 0.8 Hind HindIII-AccI fragment kb from edge 3 'of Aç) and C (an IPCR probe described below), as shown in Figure 5.
- A a 0.7 kb AccI-HindIII fragment from the 5 'end of Aç
- B a 0.8 Hind HindIII-AccI fragment kb from edge 3 'of Aç
- C an IPCR probe described below
- Total leaf RNA was extracted according to Verwoerd et al. (1989) and 8 ⁇ g were loaded onto a 1.2% agarose gel containing formaldehyde (Maniatis et al., 1982). The hybridizations were carried out under stringent conditions using the C probe (FIG. 5) and the 1.6 kb EcoRI-SalI cDNA fragment of the ⁇ subunit, encoded by the nucleus, from the mitochondrial ATPase originating from from N. plumbaginifolia (Boutry and Chua, 1985).
- the IPCR amplification of the sequences adjacent to Aç . was performed as described by Earp et al. ( 1990).
- the genomic DNA was digested with Kpn1 and ligated using the DNA ligase from phage T4.
- the PCR reaction was carried out with oligonucleotides # 2 (5 'CGATAACGGTCGGTACGGGA-3') and # 6 (5 '-
- Oligonucleotide # 2 hybridizes to 44 bp located downstream of the 5 'edge of Ace.
- the oligonucleotide # 6 hybridizes at 1 15 bp located upstream of the 3 'edge of Ace.
- the PCR reactions used the following conditions: 30 cycles of denaturation of 45 sec at 94 ° C, 30 sec of hybridization at 60 ° C, 2 min extension at 72 ° C with a single final extension of 10 min at 72 ° C.
- the amplified 2 kb fragment was cloned and partially sequenced by standard procedures. This fragment was used as probe C ( Figure 5) to hybridize to northern and Southern blots and to screen a cDNA library.
- the heterozygous mutant without the 4.5 kb band could be due to an imprecise excision event that does not restore the functionality of the gene.
- a Kpn I fragment (FIG. 5) was cloned and sequenced after IPCR amplification. Oligonucleotides were synthesized on each side of the Ace insertion. The corresponding DNA was amplified and sequenced in the wild and the heterozygous mutant.
- a 7bp excision imprint left by the excision of A c is probably responsible for the phenotype. Indeed, the partial sequence of the Knp I fragment indicates that the insertion of A c has occurred in a coding sequence.
- the excision of A c caused the introduction of a TGA stop codon in phase in the additional 7 bp and the stable mutant was called aba 2-sl.
- Five revertant plants (found among approximately 5000 seeds) were analyzed at the molecular level ( Figure 7). When hybridized with probe C, Southern blots of the mutant plants presented a 10 kb EcoRV fragment, also hybridizing to the Ace probes. A 2.8 kb EcoRV band was also revealed and corresponds to a genomic fragment located downstream of the insertion point of A.
- leaves were frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at -80 ° C.
- Leaf samples 100 mg fresh weight
- the extracts were centrifuged for 5 min at 12,000 g and the supernatant stored in ice.
- the pellet was resuspended in the above solvent and centrifuged again. This process was repeated until the supernatant was colorless.
- the final supernatants were passed through 0.5 ⁇ m filters and then evaporated.
- the dry extracts were stored at -20 ° C in the dark under argon. Carotenoid pigments were separated by non-aqueous reverse phase HPLC as described by Gilmore and Yamamoto (1991). 3.2. Results
- the carotenoid composition is modified in the mutant aba2-sl.
- the poly (A) + fraction was selected on oligo dT columns (Pharmacia).
- Double-stranded cDNA was synthesized using a cDNA synthesis kit (Promega) and an adapter-primer-NotI-oligo (dT). After ligation of EcoRI adapters (Pharmacia), the cDNA was digested with NotI and cloned directionally into the vector ⁇ gtll Sfi-Not (Promega). About 1.5 x 10 6 independent recombinants were obtained after phage packaging (Stratagene) and infection in the strain LE 392 (Promega).
- the ⁇ gtll cDNA library was amplified in the RY 1090 strain of Escherichia coli. Hybridization of phage plaques, using probe C, was carried out according to standard procedures (Maniatis et al., 1982). Washes were carried out under conditions of low stringency in 2 ⁇ SCC, 0.5% sarkosyl at 65 ° C. The DNA inserts of the positive recombinant phages were subsequently cloned into - the EcoRI-Notl sites of a pBS-SK + vector (Stratagene) and into the Eco-Rl-Sacl sites of a pGEM-7Z vector (Promega ).
- the radioactive C probe was used to screen 3 x 10 5 plates from the ⁇ gtll library. A positive clone showed a 2.4 kb insert. This was the expected size for the transcript ( Figure 6). After cloning into a pBluescript vector, and subcloning into a pGEM vector, the insert was completely sequenced on both strands. The full cDNA sequence (2400 nucleotides long) and the largest open reading frame (ORF) starting with a methionine are shown in Figure 8. This ORF consists of 1989 bp, corresponding to a polypeptide of 663 residues amino acids (aa), with a predicted molecular weight of 72.54 kDa.
- a stop codon in phase located upstream of this ORF at the nucleotide position -20 confirms that the ORF presented in FIG. 6A is the entire coding region of the corresponding gene. If the ATG at the level of nuciéotide 1 is the initiation codon, the cDNA has a 5 'untranslated sequence of 40 bp, a coding region of 1989 bp, and a 3' untranslated sequence of 310 bp, followed by a poly (A) tail (58 bp long). The 3 'untranslated sequence contains three supposed poly (A) addition signals (ATAAA) at nucleotides 2015, 2109 and 2276 (Joshi, 1987).
- ATAAA addition signals
- This glycine-rich motif common to enzymes that bind to the cofactor, makes it possible to predict whether a particular amino acid sequence can fold into ⁇ with properties of binding to the ADP part of NAD (P) or FAD. Thus, a suspected FAD binding site was found.
- the amino acid sequence MQHGRLFLAGD is involved in the binding to FAD of PHBH (Wijnands et al., 1986).
- Amino acid residues 359 to 372 show 9 identical residues with this sequence, enough to guarantee the conformation that is necessary for binding to FAD.
- amino acids 379 and 382 of our supposed epoxidase are present in the sequences of PHBH and salicylate-1-hydroxylase and have been described as having structural and functional importance in these enzymes (You et al., 1991).
- a third fragment of homology is included between the amino acid residues 230 and 249 of the ORF. This segment of homology has not yet been described until now, but is present in all the protein sequences having a certain homology with the sequence in question. 5.
- the ABA2 protein is imported into the chloroplasts
- the cDNA cloned into a pBS-SK + vector was translated from the T3 RNA polymerase promoter.
- the construction PsaD coding for a photosystem protein I located in the chloroplasts (Kjaruff and Okkels, 1993), was used as a positive control for the import reactions.
- In vitro transcription / translation was carried out with 1 ⁇ g of each plasmid and with methionine labeled with S 35 using the Reticulocyte Lysate System coupled to TNT (Promega Corporation, Madison, WI). Chloroplasts were isolated from leaves from two-week-old pea plants according to Cline et al. (1985). The import tests were carried out as described by Hoff et al. (1995). The samples were analyzed on polyacrylamide-SDS gels (12% for the PsaD import reaction and 5% for our construction) according to Laemmli (1970), followed by fluorography (Skinner and Griswold, 1983).
- the cloned cDNA complements the aba2-s l mutation.
- the plant transformation vector pKYLX71-35S 2 was used to clone the cDNA between a 35S promoter having a duplicated activator domain B and a 3 'rbcS region (Maiti et al. 1993).
- the resulting plasmid, as well as a control plasmid without the cDNA insert, were introduced by triparental conjugation into a disarmed LBA4404 strain of Agrobacterium tumefaciens, as described by Koncz and Schell (1986).
- the transformation of leaf discs was carried out as described previously (Marion-Poll et al., 1993). Sheets of homozygous aba2-sl mutants from plants cultivated in vitro were used.
- Agrobacterium by a construct comprising the epoxidase cDNA under the control of the 35S promoter or by a control plasmid without insert.
- the regenerated transformants growing on a selective medium have been tested for their carotenoid composition.
- Regenerants transformed by a control plasmid showed an absence of antheroxanthin, neoxanthin and violaxanthin, and an accumulation of zeaxanthin like the unprocessed witness.
- the regenerants obtained after transformation by the construction containing the cDNA exhibited a composition of wild type carotenoids.
- the cloned cDNA was able to restore the wild-type phenotype when it is reintroduced into the mutant genetic environment, providing an additional argument for labeling the epoxidase gene.
- the PCR screening of the YAC CIC bank was carried out on batches of three-dimensional YACS.
- the oligonucleotides used allowed the amplification of a 230 bp fragment of the EST sequence (T45502).
- Agrobacterium rhizogenes inserts T-DNA into the genome of the host plant root cells. Nature, 295, 432-434.
- the promoter of the TL-DNA gene 5 controls the tissue-specific expression of chimaeric genes carried by a novel type of Agrobacterium binary vector Mol. Gen. Broom. 204, 383-396.
- Arabidopsis ABA response gene ABA1 Features of a calcium-modulated protein phosphatase. Science, 264, 1448-1452.
- Violaxanthin is an abscisic acid precursor in water-stressed dark-grown bean leaves. Plant Physiol. 92, 551-559.
- AAA TTT CCT CCA AAA ACT GCT GCA AAA GAA GAG CGT CAA GCA GTG GGG 2023 Lys Phe Pro Pro Lys Thr Ala Ala Lys Glu Glu Arg Gin Ala Val Gly 650 655 660
- GAACATGGTA CCTGGATTAC GGATAACGAA GGCAGAAGAT ACCGAGCATC TCCAAACTTC 1860
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- Endocrinology (AREA)
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP96920877A EP0828836A1 (fr) | 1995-05-31 | 1996-05-31 | Fragment d'acide nucleique codant pour un enzyme implique dans la voie de biosynthese de l'acide abscissique (aba) chez les plantes |
AU62283/96A AU6228396A (en) | 1995-05-31 | 1996-05-31 | Nucleic acid fragment coding for an enzyme involved in the a bscisic acid (aba) biosynthesis pathway in plants |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9506466A FR2734838B1 (fr) | 1995-05-31 | 1995-05-31 | Fragment d'acide nucleique codant pour un enzyme implique dans la voie de biosynthese de l'acide abscisique (aba) chez les plantes |
FR95/06466 | 1995-05-31 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1996038566A1 true WO1996038566A1 (fr) | 1996-12-05 |
Family
ID=9479543
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR1996/000820 WO1996038566A1 (fr) | 1995-05-31 | 1996-05-31 | Fragment d'acide nucleique codant pour un enzyme implique dans la voie de biosynthese de l'acide abscissique (aba) chez les plantes |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0828836A1 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU6228396A (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2223030A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2734838B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1996038566A1 (fr) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1999055889A2 (fr) * | 1998-04-24 | 1999-11-04 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Enzymes biosynthetiques carotenoides |
EP1015556A1 (fr) * | 1996-12-13 | 2000-07-05 | The General Hospital Corporation | Plantes transgeniques a l'epreuve des agressions du milieu |
EP1116794A3 (fr) * | 2000-01-13 | 2001-12-19 | Riken | Plantes transgéniques avec le gène de l'enzyme pour le clivage de neoxanthin |
US7084323B1 (en) | 1996-12-13 | 2006-08-01 | The General Hospital Corporation | Stress-protected transgenic plants |
US8283481B2 (en) | 2008-12-23 | 2012-10-09 | National Research Council Of Canada | Inhibitors of a 9-cis epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1995030005A1 (fr) * | 1994-04-29 | 1995-11-09 | Dekalb Genetics Corporation | Genes regulant la reponse des mais au deficit hydrique |
-
1995
- 1995-05-31 FR FR9506466A patent/FR2734838B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1996
- 1996-05-31 CA CA 2223030 patent/CA2223030A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 1996-05-31 WO PCT/FR1996/000820 patent/WO1996038566A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1996-05-31 EP EP96920877A patent/EP0828836A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 1996-05-31 AU AU62283/96A patent/AU6228396A/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1995030005A1 (fr) * | 1994-04-29 | 1995-11-09 | Dekalb Genetics Corporation | Genes regulant la reponse des mais au deficit hydrique |
Non-Patent Citations (7)
Title |
---|
"CLONING OF MAIZE VIVIPAROUS 7 A GENE IN THE ABSCISIC ACID CAROTENOID BIOSYNTHETIC PATHWAY BY TRANSPOSON-TAGGING.", SYMPOSIUM ON MOLECULAR STRATEGIES FOR CROP IMPROVEMENT HELD AT THE 19TH ANNUAL UCLA SYMPOSIA ON MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOLOGY, KEYSTONE, COLORADO, USA, APRIL 16-22, 1990. J CELL BIOCHEM SUPPL 0 (14 PART E). 1990. 356., XP002017523 * |
FRAY, R.G., ET AL.: "Identification and genetic analysis of normal and mutant phytoene synthase genes of tomato by sequencing, complementation and co-suppression", PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, vol. 22, pages 589 - 602, XP002017524 * |
GRUSZECKI, W.I., ET AL.: "LHCII, the major light-harvesting pigment-protein complex is a zeaxanthin epoxidase", BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA, vol. 1144, pages 97 - 101, XP002017526 * |
MARIN, E., ET AL.: "Molecular identification of zeaxanthin epoxidase of Nicotiana plumbaginifolia, a gene involved in abscisic acid biosynthesis and corresponding to the ABA locus of Arabidopsis thaliana", THE EMBO JOURNAL, vol. 15, no. 10, 15 May 1996 (1996-05-15), pages 2331 - 2342, XP002017525 * |
NEWMAN, T., ET AL.: "8765 Arabidopsis thaliana cDNA clone 133D24T7", EMBL SEQUENCE DATABASE. RELEASE 42, 6-FEB-1995. ACCESSION NO. T45502, XP002017528 * |
ROCK, C.D., ET AL.: "The aba mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana is impaired in epoxy-carotenoid biosynthesis", PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF USA, vol. 88, 1991, WASHINGTON US, pages 7496 - 7499, XP002017527 * |
ROUSSELIN, P., ET AL.: "Characterization of three hormone mutants of Nicotiana plumbaginifolia: evidence for a common ABA deficiency", THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS, vol. 85, 1992, pages 213 - 221, XP000608930 * |
Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1015556A1 (fr) * | 1996-12-13 | 2000-07-05 | The General Hospital Corporation | Plantes transgeniques a l'epreuve des agressions du milieu |
EP1015556A4 (fr) * | 1996-12-13 | 2004-05-26 | Gen Hospital Corp | Plantes transgeniques a l'epreuve des agressions du milieu |
US7084323B1 (en) | 1996-12-13 | 2006-08-01 | The General Hospital Corporation | Stress-protected transgenic plants |
WO1999055889A2 (fr) * | 1998-04-24 | 1999-11-04 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Enzymes biosynthetiques carotenoides |
WO1999055889A3 (fr) * | 1998-04-24 | 2000-04-06 | Du Pont | Enzymes biosynthetiques carotenoides |
US6627795B1 (en) | 1998-04-24 | 2003-09-30 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Carotenoid biosynthesis enzymes |
EP1116794A3 (fr) * | 2000-01-13 | 2001-12-19 | Riken | Plantes transgéniques avec le gène de l'enzyme pour le clivage de neoxanthin |
US7049487B2 (en) | 2000-01-13 | 2006-05-23 | Riken | Transgenic plants carrying neoxanthin cleavage enzyme gene |
CN1294267C (zh) * | 2000-01-13 | 2007-01-10 | 理化学研究所 | 携带新黄素裂解酶基因的转基因植物 |
US7482509B2 (en) | 2000-01-13 | 2009-01-27 | Riken | Transgenic plants carrying neoxanthin cleavage enzyme gene |
US8283481B2 (en) | 2008-12-23 | 2012-10-09 | National Research Council Of Canada | Inhibitors of a 9-cis epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2734838B1 (fr) | 1997-08-22 |
AU6228396A (en) | 1996-12-18 |
FR2734838A1 (fr) | 1996-12-06 |
EP0828836A1 (fr) | 1998-03-18 |
CA2223030A1 (fr) | 1996-12-05 |
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