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WO1996037099A1 - Dispositifs anti-requins - Google Patents

Dispositifs anti-requins Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1996037099A1
WO1996037099A1 PCT/GB1996/001169 GB9601169W WO9637099A1 WO 1996037099 A1 WO1996037099 A1 WO 1996037099A1 GB 9601169 W GB9601169 W GB 9601169W WO 9637099 A1 WO9637099 A1 WO 9637099A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
water
storage means
electrodes
charge storage
aquatic animals
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB1996/001169
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Graeme Ernest Charter
Ignatius Marthinus Hartzenberg
Adriaan Nel
Ivan Slabbert
Original Assignee
Natal Sharks Board
Dummett, Thomas, Ian, Peter
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Natal Sharks Board, Dummett, Thomas, Ian, Peter filed Critical Natal Sharks Board
Priority to AU57694/96A priority Critical patent/AU5769496A/en
Publication of WO1996037099A1 publication Critical patent/WO1996037099A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K79/00—Methods or means of catching fish in bulk not provided for in groups A01K69/00 - A01K77/00, e.g. fish pumps; Detection of fish; Whale fishery
    • A01K79/02—Methods or means of catching fish in bulk not provided for in groups A01K69/00 - A01K77/00, e.g. fish pumps; Detection of fish; Whale fishery by electrocution
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
    • A01M29/00—Scaring or repelling devices, e.g. bird-scaring apparatus
    • A01M29/24—Scaring or repelling devices, e.g. bird-scaring apparatus using electric or magnetic effects, e.g. electric shocks, magnetic fields or microwaves
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
    • A01M29/00—Scaring or repelling devices, e.g. bird-scaring apparatus

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a method of and apparatus for repelling aquatic creatures such as sharks.
  • the large nerves in animals such as sharks, contain many thousands of nerve fibres. Some of these fibres are connected to muscles and, when stimulated, cause the muscles to contract. Others run between sense organs and the animal's brain. Artificial stimulation of one of these large nerves by electric pulses applied to the nerve gives rise to the transmission of nerve impulses to the muscles and directly to the brain. The impulses to the muscles give rise to muscular twitching which, together with the direct impulses to the brain, are appreciated as an unnatural sensation apparently arising simultaneously from all the sense organs of the animal. These sensory messages to the brain will, in all probability, startle the animal and drive it away from the source of artificial stimulation.
  • the applicant's co-pending European Patent Application (publication number 0 631 721) is directed to methods of and apparatus for controlling aquatic animals utilising such artificial stimulation.
  • the patent application describes the use of a pulsed electric field that is set up between electrodes immersed in the water, the pulses having a duration of between 0.1 and 200 ms at a repetition rate of between 1 and 60Hz.
  • the pulses have an amplitude of between 24 and 72V and the rise time of each pulse is preferably less than 0,001 ⁇ s.
  • the polarity of the pulses is reversed periodically by switching the output of the power supply to the electrodes.
  • the pulses are preferably generated in pulse trains, each comprising a plurality of pulses with a pulse duration of between 0.1 and 3ms.
  • the pulses in each pulse are spaced at intervals of between 1 and 30ms and the pulse trains are repeated at intervals of between 100 and 1000ms.
  • each pulse in the pulse train has a duration of 2ms and the pulses in each pulse train are spaced at intervals of 20ms, the pulse trains being repeated at a frequency of between 2 and 5Hz.
  • the polarity of successive pulse trains is preferably alternated.
  • This invention relates to a development on devices of the kind described in European Patent Application 0 631 721.
  • a method of controlling aquatic animals in a body of water comprises the steps of: immersing at least one first and one second electrode in the body of water; storing electrical charge in charge storage means; and discharging the charge storage means into the body of water via the electrodes, thereby to create an electrical field between the electrodes to repel aquatic animals from the vicinity of the electrodes.
  • the charge storage means may be a capacitor which is charged to a predetermined voltage by a charging circuit.
  • the charge storage means is preferably discharged by connecting it to the immersed electrodes via controlled switching elements having a low on resistance.
  • apparatus for controlling aquatic animals in a body of water comprises: at least one first and one second electrode for immersion in a body of water; charge storage means for storing electrical charge; a charging circuit for charging the charge storage means from a source of electrical energy; control means for generating control signals; and at least one controllable switch element having a low on resistance and arranged to connect the charge storage means selectively to the first and second electrodes in response to the control signals, to discharge the charge storage means into the body of water, thereby to create an electrical field between the electrodes to repel aquatic animals from the vicinity of the electrodes.
  • the charge storage means may comprise a capacitor.
  • the charging circuit may be a DC to DC converter operable from a battery, the DC to DC converter providing an output voltage substantially higher than the battery voltage.
  • the control means may include timing means for generating the control signals at a predetermined rate and driver means for applying the control signals to control terminals of the switch elements with sufficient energy to operate the switch elements.
  • the switch elements are preferably silicon controlled rectifiers (SCR's) , thyistors or the like that are selected for desirably low on resistance characteristics.
  • the characteristics of the switch elements and associated circuitry are preferably selected for the charge storage means to discharge into the body of water in a series of pulses, each pulse having a rise time as close to instantaneous as is possible.
  • Figure 1 is a circuit diagram of the electrode switching circuitry forming part of the device of the invention.
  • Figure 2 is a circuit diagram of the control circuitry for the device.
  • Figures 3 and 4 are oscilloscope traces illustrating some of the preferred electrode pulse wave forms.
  • circuits illustrated in the drawings are intended for use in a personal protection device that is to be worn or carried by the user. Such a device will of necessity be relatively small and light and it will, in most applications, rely on battery power. This is not intended to limit the scope of the invention to battery powered devices.
  • electrical power (either battery or mains power) is applied at 10 to a power converter 12.
  • the circuitry of Figure 1 illustrates battery power applied to a DC to DC converter 12. While the voltage will be determined by the eventual application, a typical input voltage for a personal protection device is 12V battery voltage input to the DC to DC convertor 12 where it is converted to 60V to 200V DC. In a preferred form of the invention, the output voltage is 84V, but environmental factors, such as water temperature and salinity might determine that a different (or variable) output voltage be used.
  • the DC voltage is applied to a capacitor 14 where it is stored pending discharge to a number of silicon controlled rectifiers (SCRs) 16 connected in a cross fired bridge configuration.
  • SCRs silicon controlled rectifiers
  • the SCRs 16 switch power to a set of electrodes 18.
  • the electrodes 18 are immersed in water which serves as an electrolyte or load.
  • the output voltage can be controlled in dependence on the conduction characteristics of the water surrounding the electrodes. For instance, the applicant has found that reducing water temperature reduces the water conductivity.
  • a temperature sensor may therefore be used to control the resistance of a variable resistor in circuit with the DC to DC convertor 12 to vary the output voltage in dependence on the water temperature.
  • the control circuitry illustrated in Figure 2 consists, essentially, of a timer circuit 20, a control logic circuit 30 and a driver circuit 40.
  • the timer circuit includes an integrated circuit timer 22 which supplies regularly timed clock pulses to the control logic circuitry 30.
  • the control logic circuitry 30 generates control signals which are applied to the driver circuit 40.
  • the control logic circuitry 30 is set to apply alternating firing signals to the gates 42 of a pair of metal-oxide semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFETs) 44 which drain to a pair of dual secondary pulse transformers 46.
  • MOSFETs metal-oxide semiconductor field effect transistors
  • the output pulses from the pulse transformers are applied to the SCR gates.
  • the control logic circuitry 30 is set to output alternating pulses to the MOSFET gates 42 thereby activating the MOSFETs 44 to apply pulses sequentially to each of the pulse transformers 46.1 and 46.2.
  • the first secondary 48.1 of the pulse transformer 46.2 is connected to SCR 1 (16.1).
  • the second secondary 48.4 of the pulse transformer 46.2 is connected to SCR 4 (16.4).
  • the first secondary 48.2 of the pulse transformer 46.1 is connected to SCR 2 (16.2) and the second secondary 48.3 is connected to SCR 3 (16.3).
  • the pulse transformers have a turns ratio which is calculated to provide control signals to the gates of the SCR's 16 having a sufficiently high voltage and sufficient energy to switch the SCR's hard on rapidly.
  • the SCR gates are supplied with a switching pulse that is in excess of the maximum SCR rated gate pulse.
  • the SCR's are switched hard on rapidly in order to permit the fastest possible discharge of the capacitor 14 in order to obtain an output pulse at the electrodes with a desirably short rise time as is illustrated in the waveform diagrams of figures 3 and 4.
  • the pulses may have a duration of between lOO ⁇ s and 200ms at a repetition rate of between 0.5 and 60Hz.
  • a single repetition of an alternating or commutated pulse device is an "up” and a “down” pulse.
  • the pulse duration and shape (see figures 3 and 4) is determined largely by the impedance of the load (sea water) .
  • the rise time of each pulse is ideally as close to instantaneous as the circuit will permit and preferably less than 0,2 ⁇ s.
  • the control logic circuit 30 applies control pulses alternately to the gates of the MOSFET's 44.1 and 44.2, so that the secondary windings of the pulse transformers

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Birds (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
  • Mechanical Means For Catching Fish (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention se rapporte à un appareil destiné à repousser des animaux aquatiques tels que des requins et comprenant une paire d'électrodes (18) qui sont immergées, un moyen de stockage de charge tel qu'un condensateur (14) chargé à une tension prédéterminée par un circuit de charge à partir d'une source de courant électrique, telle qu'un accumulateur, une logique de commande qui génère des signaux de commande et des éléments de commutation (16) aptes à être commandés tels que des redresseurs commandés par le silicium (SCR), des thyristors ou analogue présentant une résistance à l'état passant faible. Les thyristors (16) relient sélectivement le condensateur (14) aux électrodes (18) en réponse aux signaux de commande, ce qui décharge le condensateur dans l'eau et crée, par conséquent, un champ électrique entre les électrodes (18). Le circuit de charge peut être un convertisseur continu-continu (12) qui génère une tension de sortie supérieure à la tension de l'accumulateur. Les thyristors et les circuits associés sont réglés de façon à décharger la charge du condensateur dans l'eau en une série d'impulsions.
PCT/GB1996/001169 1995-05-22 1996-05-16 Dispositifs anti-requins WO1996037099A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU57694/96A AU5769496A (en) 1995-05-22 1996-05-16 Shark repellant devices

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ZA954170 1995-05-22
ZA95/4170 1995-05-22

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1996037099A1 true WO1996037099A1 (fr) 1996-11-28

Family

ID=25585091

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB1996/001169 WO1996037099A1 (fr) 1995-05-22 1996-05-16 Dispositifs anti-requins

Country Status (7)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH09140293A (fr)
KR (1) KR960040151A (fr)
AR (1) AR002064A1 (fr)
AU (2) AU5066796A (fr)
BR (1) BR9602418A (fr)
WO (1) WO1996037099A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA963377B (fr)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6389735B1 (en) * 1999-03-03 2002-05-21 Steven P. Holt Method and apparatus for modifying the behavior of aquatic species with electrical fields
WO2003081790A1 (fr) * 2002-03-26 2003-10-02 Seachange Technology Holdings Pty Ltd Dispositif isolant electrique
WO2003094370A1 (fr) * 2002-05-06 2003-11-13 Seachange Technology Holdings Pty Ltd Coque amelioree de vaisseau aquatique
US7412944B2 (en) 2001-09-25 2008-08-19 Seachange Technology Holdings Pty Ltd Shark repelling field generating cord
WO2011037328A3 (fr) * 2009-09-28 2011-11-03 Kim Joo Sik Moyen répulsif anti-requins
US8091269B2 (en) * 2007-07-24 2012-01-10 Orchard Stan Electroshock wand for aquatic creatures
EP2076115A4 (fr) * 2006-10-11 2012-06-20 Carl Marthinus Becker Procédé et appareil destinés à repousser des créatures aquatiques
WO2012135394A3 (fr) * 2011-03-29 2012-12-20 Ztoa Innovations, Llc Monture de cheville à format de signal et profil mince de haute efficacité pour dissuasion électronique de requins
US8555543B2 (en) 2011-01-24 2013-10-15 Paul N. Baldassano Salt water kill of a soft tissue organism
CN106962321A (zh) * 2017-04-26 2017-07-21 卜雪琦 一种智能水生物阻隔系统及方法
RU2716446C1 (ru) * 2019-06-26 2020-03-11 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "ЛенПромМонтаж" Автоматизированная рыбозаградительная система

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006149275A (ja) * 2004-11-29 2006-06-15 Techno Pulse:Kk 漁業用鮫撃退装置
KR101616741B1 (ko) * 2014-09-16 2016-04-29 주식회사 대양전자 목적별 출력제어가 가능한 지능형 상어퇴치기

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3164772A (en) * 1962-01-24 1965-01-05 Phillips E Hicks Portable means for repelling sharks utilizing pulse discharges through a dipole antenna
US3683280A (en) * 1971-11-09 1972-08-08 Electromagnetic Ind Inc Shark repelling device including pulse generator producing electrical field in water between widely spaced electrodes
US4211980A (en) * 1977-06-27 1980-07-08 Stowell William R Method of creating an electric field for shark repellent
US4667431A (en) * 1986-02-20 1987-05-26 Mendicino Lyle J Shark prod
US5327854A (en) * 1992-07-31 1994-07-12 Smith-Root, Inc. Electric fish shocking devices using programmable output waveforms
EP0631721A1 (fr) * 1993-06-24 1995-01-04 Natal Sharks Board Guidage de reguins

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3164772A (en) * 1962-01-24 1965-01-05 Phillips E Hicks Portable means for repelling sharks utilizing pulse discharges through a dipole antenna
US3683280A (en) * 1971-11-09 1972-08-08 Electromagnetic Ind Inc Shark repelling device including pulse generator producing electrical field in water between widely spaced electrodes
US4211980A (en) * 1977-06-27 1980-07-08 Stowell William R Method of creating an electric field for shark repellent
US4667431A (en) * 1986-02-20 1987-05-26 Mendicino Lyle J Shark prod
US5327854A (en) * 1992-07-31 1994-07-12 Smith-Root, Inc. Electric fish shocking devices using programmable output waveforms
EP0631721A1 (fr) * 1993-06-24 1995-01-04 Natal Sharks Board Guidage de reguins

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6389735B1 (en) * 1999-03-03 2002-05-21 Steven P. Holt Method and apparatus for modifying the behavior of aquatic species with electrical fields
US7412944B2 (en) 2001-09-25 2008-08-19 Seachange Technology Holdings Pty Ltd Shark repelling field generating cord
AU2002331448B2 (en) * 2001-09-25 2009-04-09 Seachange Technology Holdings Pty Ltd Shark repelling field generating cord
WO2003081790A1 (fr) * 2002-03-26 2003-10-02 Seachange Technology Holdings Pty Ltd Dispositif isolant electrique
WO2003094370A1 (fr) * 2002-05-06 2003-11-13 Seachange Technology Holdings Pty Ltd Coque amelioree de vaisseau aquatique
EP2076115A4 (fr) * 2006-10-11 2012-06-20 Carl Marthinus Becker Procédé et appareil destinés à repousser des créatures aquatiques
US8091269B2 (en) * 2007-07-24 2012-01-10 Orchard Stan Electroshock wand for aquatic creatures
WO2011037328A3 (fr) * 2009-09-28 2011-11-03 Kim Joo Sik Moyen répulsif anti-requins
US8555543B2 (en) 2011-01-24 2013-10-15 Paul N. Baldassano Salt water kill of a soft tissue organism
WO2012135394A3 (fr) * 2011-03-29 2012-12-20 Ztoa Innovations, Llc Monture de cheville à format de signal et profil mince de haute efficacité pour dissuasion électronique de requins
CN106962321A (zh) * 2017-04-26 2017-07-21 卜雪琦 一种智能水生物阻隔系统及方法
RU2716446C1 (ru) * 2019-06-26 2020-03-11 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "ЛенПромМонтаж" Автоматизированная рыбозаградительная система

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU5769496A (en) 1996-12-11
ZA963377B (en) 1996-08-28
KR960040151A (ko) 1996-12-17
MX9601583A (es) 1998-07-31
JPH09140293A (ja) 1997-06-03
AU5066796A (en) 1996-12-05
BR9602418A (pt) 1998-11-03
AR002064A1 (es) 1998-01-07

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