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WO1996035975A1 - Dispositif et procede de superposition d'images afin d'obtenir un arrangement tridimensionnel sans utiliser de lentilles - Google Patents

Dispositif et procede de superposition d'images afin d'obtenir un arrangement tridimensionnel sans utiliser de lentilles Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1996035975A1
WO1996035975A1 PCT/GB1996/000123 GB9600123W WO9635975A1 WO 1996035975 A1 WO1996035975 A1 WO 1996035975A1 GB 9600123 W GB9600123 W GB 9600123W WO 9635975 A1 WO9635975 A1 WO 9635975A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
images
arrangement
image
real
real image
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB1996/000123
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Peter Mcduffie White
Original Assignee
Peter Mcduffie White
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Peter Mcduffie White filed Critical Peter Mcduffie White
Priority to AU44544/96A priority Critical patent/AU4454496A/en
Priority to GB9723366A priority patent/GB2316765B/en
Publication of WO1996035975A1 publication Critical patent/WO1996035975A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/50—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images the image being built up from image elements distributed over a 3D volume, e.g. voxels
    • G02B30/56—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images the image being built up from image elements distributed over a 3D volume, e.g. voxels by projecting aerial or floating images
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
    • G03H1/22—Processes or apparatus for obtaining an optical image from holograms
    • G03H1/2249—Holobject properties
    • G03H2001/2284—Superimposing the holobject with other visual information

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a device and method for displaying images of one or more objects or real images superimposed onto a three dimensional setting without the usage of lenses.
  • the present invention is based on a different approach that achieves a high quality image superimposed onto a background or three dimensional setting. Since lenses are not used the liabilities of colour fringing, optical aberrations or soft focus are avoided.
  • the basic method and all variations of the invention are based on the usage of a two way mirror with the possible inclusion of reflectors or holographic film.
  • the reflected image of the background presents enough light to mask the surroundings of the object and any reflectors or holographic film used to create a real image.
  • This method is far superior to the approach of using a scrim of transparent material between the viewer and the object as taught in TJS-5 257 130.
  • the fabric of the scrim can partially obscure the optical system since the scrim is comprised of opaque threads woven in a fine mesh, however the fabric also partially obscures the object or real image. Furthermore, the scrim can be prone to becoming dirty or damaged by viewers.
  • a drawback of the usage of a scrim is that the real image is only viewed against the flat surface of the scrim. This limits the creative potential for the display of the three dimensional real image since it is not possible to display a three dimensional image in a natural setting that is itself three dimensional. In particular, it is not natural to have a three dimensional object suspended in front of a flat surface with no means for support.
  • a scrim is a porous material that allows the passage of light through the open weave which would mean that the material could be easily cut to gain access to the optical system or the object.
  • a scrim is a porous material that allows the passage of light through the open weave which would mean that the material could be easily cut to gain access to the optical system or the object.
  • the approach of using a scrim would not give much protection since the scrim is porous and would allow air to pass through it. If a protective layer of glass was used in conjunction with the scrim it would introduce undesirable reflections and highlights which would interfere with the illusion because of the configuration of the display system using a scrim.
  • This invention provides for a device and method for displaying images of one or more objects or real images superimposed onto a three dimensional setting without the usage of lenses.
  • the invention comprises an arrangement for displaying objects, holographic images or real images of objects comprising objects, holographic film or an optical system for forming the real image, a two-way mirror through which the images are viewed and a background panel arrangement which is reflected to the viewing position by the two-way mirror so that the objects, holographic images or real images are seen from the viewing position against a reflection of the background.
  • the two way mirror may be angled to reflect an image of a three dimensional setting which is designed to be relatively dark where the objects, holographic images or real images are to appear.
  • the light on the background only needs to be bright enough to be more visible than the extraneous light on the surroundings or optical elements.
  • the objects, holographic film or objects within a real image optical system are illuminated and then viewed through the two way mirror. Since the two-way mirror does not obscure the image in the manner of a scrim or translucent material the images are clear and sharp. Furthermore, the image of the reflected three dimensional setting is equally sharp. For the best results the light on the objects, holographic film or objects within a real image optical system is usually brighter than the light on the reflected background so that the light on the background is not noticeable where the objects, holographic images or real images are viewed.
  • the two-way mirror can be of glass, which may be laminated for added protection, or may be a partially mirrored transparent, unbreakable plastic. In cases where there is no requirement for protection of the objects or optical system the two way mirror may be a stretched film with a semi-reflective coating.
  • a view is displayed of a three dimensional background which is seen as a reflection in a two way mirror while an image of an object is viewed directly through the two way mirror. Since the object is seen to be closer to the viewer than the reflection of the background, the superimposed images create the illusion of a combined three dimensional scene. Since this is achieved without the usage of any lenses the cost is minimal and the installation of the display is simple. While arrangements using lenses have been restricted in size, this invention can be applied to large single user displays, exhibits for group viewing and full size theatres for audiences.
  • a variation on the invention is to use a sheet of holographic film to produce the three dimensional image to be superimposed into the three dimensional background.
  • the background reflected in the two way mirror can take the attention away from seeing the frame and edges of the holograph while allowing the illuminated holographic image to appear as a three dimensional form.
  • the holographic image may appear to be in front of the two way mirror.
  • a number of holographic images could be placed for a sequence of separate images or the holographic film could be a continuous strip for showing a moving three dimensional image.
  • a tray with a number of holographic plates which could be selected for display by the user.
  • the reflected three dimensional setting is a screen with a moving image from a motion picture projector or video/data projector which is front or rear projected.
  • the screen can be a three dimensional surface which can accept the moving images over its varied surface. This can be combined with a real image that is a different moving image on a monitor or a projection screen having a flat or contoured surface with front or rear projection.
  • the object can be displayed with mechanically driven movement, as by a turntable or a moving support to have the real image move in the area in front of the reflected background.
  • the object itself can have its own movement, such as a motorised mechanical device or an animated figure or head.
  • the two-way mirror can reflect directional sound from a speaker in the reflected three dimensional setting. This can be particularly useful for an image of an audioanimatronic figure or talking head. In large displays a separate speaker can be used for each real image.
  • This invention can incorporate a single mirror which is curved in the horizontal plane to cause the reflection of the object to focus as a real image which appears to be in front of the two way mirror. This can also be achieved with a single concave mirror.
  • This invention includes a preferred embodiment which places two curved, spherical or off-axis paraboloidal reflectors in a configuration that can form a real image in conjunction with a two-way mirror. It has long been known that by placing two spherical or paraboloidal reflectors in a configuration facing each other a real image can be formed. For many decades the principle has been used in amusement attractions for displaying objects, such as a 'magic penny'. This configuration is not the ideal since it requires that the two way mirror is placed in front of the optical path of the object and the optical reflectors causing the real image to be close to the two way mirror.
  • the position of the real image is further in front of the two way mirror when the two reflectors are aligned so that the light from the first reflector is focused in the opposing direction as the light focused by the second reflector.
  • the illusion of one real image changing to a second real image In another aspect of the configuration of the two reflectors in this invention it is possible to have the illusion of one real image changing to a second real image.
  • This configuration allows for the insertion of a two-way mirror between the object and the first reflector.
  • This two-way mirror is positioned so that the light on the first object passes through the two-way mirror to the first reflector.
  • the second object is positioned so that the reflected image off of the two way mirror is in the focal region of the first reflector. When the second object is illuminated the light is reflected toward the first reflector.
  • the illusion of changing the appearance of the image of the first object to the image of the second object is achieved simply by taking the light off the first object and adding light to the second object.
  • Another advantage of incorporating an additional mirror for viewing a second object is that it reverses the image to put it into the correct orientation for reading graphics.
  • Previous optical systems using two reflectors could not solve this problem, whereas the present invention could be used for creating real images of existing products, such as displaying products for sale within store fronts or in store displays.
  • the real image can appear to move closer to the viewer by having the object moved closer to the optical system.
  • a computer to control the mechanised movement of the object the visual effect of the movement of the real image can be synchronised to match a projected computer based multimedia presentation, video or film image reflected off of the two way mirror to create a motion picture with a three dimensional real image superimposed in front.
  • the concave reflector is formed by creating a vacuum within a container covered with a thin reflective film on the face.
  • the vacuum causes the reflective film to be drawn into the container in the form of a concave surface.
  • An automatic control can have the vacuum pump pull the film to an exact position to achieve a desired focal point of the concave reflector.
  • the reflective surface is drawn in further to create a concave reflector with a shorter focal distance. This will cause the real image to appear to be further away from the viewer. With a decreased vacuum the reflective film will become a more shallow concave reflector which results in a longer focal distance to place the real image closer to the viewer.
  • This invention solves the problem of displaying objects in close proximity of visitors on a ride in an attraction or visitor centre. Due to considerations of public safety and vandalism it is not advisable to have objects within reach of visitors on rides. However, for the best appreciation and visual impact it is desirable for the images to appear to be within reach.
  • This invention is ideal for this application in that the real images can appear within reach.
  • This invention is preferable to an image appearing in front of a scrim which limits the object to placement in front of a flat surface. This invention allows for real images of objects to appear within three dimensional settings that are part of the overall themed interior of the ride.
  • the invention can be used to present moving pictures which have action on both a background and a foreground.
  • the background can be a typical large projection screen which is reflected on a massive two way mirror.
  • the foreground can be a moving picture that is rear projected on a screen that will appear as a real image between the background screen and the audience. This makes it possible to present a three dimensional moving picture for viewing without the usage of 3D glasses.
  • Using large reflectors made of thin reflective film held in position by a vacuum the real image can be controlled to appear at different depths within the theatre.
  • the real image could be a talking head created by having the video projected into a rear projection screen in the shape of a three dimensional head.
  • the experience of viewing the three dimensional moving picture can be even more exciting by having the seating area or the whole theatre moved to match the action on the screen.
  • the combination of a ride simulator with the three dimensional imagery could create a more powerful sensory experience than with two dimensional film. It is also more effective than requiring the visitors to wear 3D glasses while viewing the motion simulation ride.
  • the invention provides an opportunity for a new approach for a control interface.
  • a control interface Prior to this invention it has been necessary to have a control interface which can be touched by the user.
  • Most systems have been buttons, knobs, levers, or other control mechanisms which are operated by physical contact by the user.
  • More recent developments have been 'touch screens' which display a number of choices on a computer monitor and are activated by sensors which register the touch of users. In all of these systems there is the inherent disadvantage of wear caused by physical contact by the user.
  • the present invention it is possible to display a real image of a selection of buttons, knobs, levers or other control mechanisms which can give the illusion of being 'touched' by the user. Since the real images are in a definable space in front of the optical system and a sheet of glass it is possible to have sensors which can be triggered when the finger or hand of the user is in the exact position of a real image of a control mechanism.
  • control panels that can be individually illuminated within the real image optical system.
  • the real image of a first control panel can be changed to the real image of a second control panel simply by changing the light from one side of a two way mirror placed within the path of the optical system.
  • mechanical systems can sequence through a large number of control panels.
  • This aspect of the invention is especially important in providing the user with multiple levels of choices. Once a choice is made on one level of the control panel a different selection of real images of control mechanisms can appear to allow further choices.
  • the control mechanisms can be more advanced than simple buttons in fixed positions since it is possible to have the position sensors register any position of a hand within the three dimensional space of the real images.
  • the real image can be a lever which is operated by a motorised mechanism and controlled by the sensors to follow the hand of the user. In this way the user can control variables provided by the control system, such as controlling temperature, lighting levels, audio levels, speed of motors, flow rates, etc.
  • control mechanisms can be positioned within the depth of the real image.
  • Previous systems of touch screens have been limited to a two dimensional plane.
  • the user could touch different parts of a real image of the anatomy of human body which would trigger displays showing cutaways and information.
  • a complex three dimensional object such as an engine, could be displayed as a real image with different parts that could be touched to trigger information about features of the engine.
  • the invention can be useful for interactive displays positioned in public places.
  • the real images of the control mechanisms will not become dirty or contaminated.
  • the cost of the control mechanisms will be minimised since they do not have to be constructed to withstand prolonged battering by thousands of users and the destructive acts of vandals. There will be virtually no cost to upkeep and replacement. Since the control mechanisms are never touched they can be delicate which provides an opportunity for attractive and visually interesting designs for the control mechanisms.
  • the controls can be a combination of video/computer images and real three dimensional objects.
  • the player can move to higher levels of play by achieving the objectives of the game.
  • As a three dimensional game the player can undertake new challenges that are not possible with a two dimensional format.
  • the real image control system can be used to trigger actions that take place in the position of the real image.
  • the display could show one or more real images of perfume bottles.
  • the sensor would trigger a dispenser to spray that perfume onto the hand. Since the real image can be an attractive display of the actual bottle of perfume it is not necessary to produce a mock-up of the bottle to withstand the liabilities of damage from public display.
  • the invention creates a real image by focussing the light into a focal region.
  • the same system can focus infrared light as effectively as light in the visible spectrum.
  • an interactive display with a visual presentation of information where one of the choices is to activate a heating element as one of the real images.
  • his/her hands By placing his/her hands on the real image of the heating element his/her hands could be warmed. Since the actual heating element is behind the protective glass of the two way mirror the user is protected from the dangers of touching the actual heating element.
  • the display could be positioned on an exterior wall of a building so that the real image of the heating element was available for users outside.
  • the invention can be used in a vending machine where the user would be able to interact with a real image of a control mechanism to select real images of products available within the vending machine.
  • the selected products would be moved by a mechanism to the display position of the optical system.
  • an actual product would drop from the dispenser to appear in the same position as the real image.
  • Fig. I show the invention as a single user display with a reflected monitor with image of superimposed object
  • Fig. 2 shows the invention as an exhibition display with projected video/data image background with image of superimposed object
  • Fig. 3 shows the invention as a theatre with a projected video/data image background with image of superimposed object
  • Fig. 4 shows the invention using a sheet of holographic film
  • Fig. 5 shows the invention using a disk of holographic film
  • Fig. 6 shows the invention using a cylinder of holographic film
  • Fig. 7 shows the invention with a tray of holographic plates
  • Fig. 8 shows the invention using a single reflector configuration.
  • Fig. 9 shows the invention using two inward facing concave mirrors
  • Fig. 10 shows a cross section of the invention with an object reflected in two concave reflectors to achieve a first real image with the addition of a means for showing a second real image.
  • Fig. 11 shows an embodiment of the invention with a monitor reflected in the two way mirror for displaying a a background of a moving image behind the real image.
  • Fig. 12 shows an embodiment of the invention with a rear projection screen reflected in the two-way mirror for displaying a background of moving images behind the real image and two mechanisms for moving the display objects.
  • Fig. 13 shows an embodiment of the invention with a front projection surface reflected in the two-way mirror for displaying a background of moving images behind the real image.
  • Fig. 14 shows a turntable and a conveyor system that can change objects within the focal region of the optical system
  • Fig. 15 shows a translation stage for changing objects in the focal region and a mechanism for sliding a mirror in and out of the optical path
  • Fig. 16 shows a means of changing the position of the real image by moving the object or by changing the curvature of the reflectors
  • Fig. 17 shows an application of the invention within a visitor attraction
  • Fig. 18 shows an application of the invention within a presentation theatre
  • Fig. 19 shows an application of the invention with an audience movement system
  • Fig. 20 shows a cross section of a system to sense the placement of a hand on an illusion of a real image of a control mechanism
  • Fig. 21 shows a front view of a system to sense the placement of a hand on an illusion of a real image of a control mechanism
  • Fig. 22 shows in cross section a control system with real image reflectors and monitor
  • Fig. 23 shows a front view of real image controls with monitor
  • a person 4 views a reflection of a monitor 13 which is reflected in a two way mirror 5 and sees an object 1, against a perceived position 30 of the monitor 13.
  • Fig. 2 is seen a larger arrangement of the invention where a person 4 views a reflection of an image on a rear projection screen 14 which has been projected by a video/data projector 15.
  • a front surface mirror 23 has been positioned in the projection path to make it possible to make an enclosure for the invention that is more compact.
  • the viewer 4 sees an image of the object 1 through the two way mirror 5 which appears to be superimposed over the apparent position of the reflected image 30.
  • Fig. 3 is a similar arrangement adapted for viewing by an audience 4.
  • a large video/data projector 15 projects an image onto a rear projection screen 14 by reflecting off a front surface mirror 23.
  • the audience 4 sees the object 1 superimposed over an apparent background 30 which has been reflected off a two way mirror 5.
  • a sheet of holographic film 9 is placed behind the two-way mirror 5.
  • a bright light source 8 shines light onto the holographic film.
  • the reflected image of the background 6 will appear behind the holographic image 3 and will obscure the sheet of the holographic film 9 other than the bright three dimensional image of the holographic film illuminated by a light 8.
  • Fig. 5 shows the holographic film in the shape of a disc 9 which can be comprised of a series of separate holographic images. As the disc is rotated each individual holographic frame will be illuminated by the light 8 so that the holographic image appears in position 3.
  • the holographic film 9 can be created as an animation of three dimensional imagery which will appear in position 3 as a moving image as the disk is rotated.
  • Fig. 6 shows the holographic film in the shape of a cylinder 9 which can be comprised of a series of separate holographic images.
  • a cylinder 9 which can be comprised of a series of separate holographic images.
  • the holographic film 9 can be created as an animation of three dimensional imagery which will appear in position 3 as a moving image as the cylinder is rotated.
  • Fig. 7 shows a tray 31 which holds a number of holographic plates 9.
  • the holographic plates are individually moved into position for the light 8 to illuminate a holographic image in position 3.
  • an object 1 is reflected in a curved mirror 2 to form a real image 3 which is viewed by a person 4.
  • the light reflected from the curved mirror 2 passes through a two way mirror 5 without causing any distortion or alteration to the image.
  • By doubling the light cast on the object 1 it is possible to compensate for the light loss of the two-way mirror 5 which may typically transmit only 30% to 50% of the light on the object 1.
  • the real image 3 appears in front of the two-way mirror 5.
  • the setting for the image 3 will include a structure 7 that keeps the viewers from moving so close to the apparatus that they could not view the image properly.
  • the two way mirror reflects an image of a background 6.
  • This background 6 will appear to be behind the image 3.
  • the light on the background 6 can be controlled to be dim enough not to wash out the image 3, yet light enough to obscure the apparatus behind the two way mirror.
  • the background 6 can be a three dimensional shape that provides a more suitable setting for the image 3 than a flat background.
  • the object 1 is reflected in a portion of a sphere or an off axis section of a paraboloid 10 to cause parallel light to pass to a second spherical or paraboloidal reflector which converges the light to form a real image 3.
  • This pair of reflectors can produce a real image with less distortions than a single concave reflector.
  • the real image may not appear to be fully in front of the two way mirror 5.
  • two spherical or off axis paraboloidal reflectors are arranged so that the path of light from the reflector 10 does not pass between the reflector 2 and the two-way mirror 5. This arrangement makes it possible for the real image 3 to appear fully in front of the two way mirror 5 and closer to the viewer 4.
  • a second two-way mirror 11 allows a second object 12 to be viewed in the one apparatus.
  • the first object 1 When the first object 1 is illuminated the light passes through the two-way mirror and then through the apparatus to converge in the position of the real image 3.
  • the first object 1 When the first object 1 is in the dark and the second object 12 is illuminated the light is reflected off the two-way mirror and the light passes through the apparatus to converge in the position of the real image 3.
  • an image of the object I passing through the two paraboloidal reflectors will converge to display a real image 3 that is reversed in the same manner that a normal mirror reverses an image.
  • any graphics on the object will be reversed and will be difficult to read.
  • the reflected image of the second object 12 will be reversed again to achieve a normal view of the object as a real image 3. This is also important for correcting the orientation of objects which would appear upside down if placed in the position of the object 1.
  • Fig 11 shows how a computer or video monitor 13 can be reflected on the two-way mirror 5 to achieve a moving image behind the real image 3.
  • the object 1 and/or object 12 can be a computer or video monitor to place a moving image in the position of the real image 3. In this way it is possible to create a moving real image 3 in front of a moving background 13.
  • a controller is used to synchronise the video or data sources for the moving imagery on the two monitors.
  • the background 14 is a rear projection screen which can have a moving image projected on it from a film, video or data projector 15. This makes it possible to have a large surface covered by a moving image which can provide a background for a real image 3.
  • the object 1 is on a turntable 28 which can be rotated to cause the real image 3 to be rotated.
  • the object 12 is on a translation stage 29 which can used to move the position of the object 12 so that the position of the real image 3 appears to move. Since it is possible to control the lighting on the object 1 and/or 12 so that the mechanical movement system is not illuminated, the real image could appear to move freely. This would cause the real image 3 to appear to be moving within the setting of the reflected background 14.
  • the background 16 is a surface that will accept a projected image from a film, video or data projector 15.
  • the surface can be a flat screen or a three dimensional surface that is designed to work with the projected image. With this method the image can appear to be in front of a three dimensional surface that is changing in colour, lighting levels and apparent motion.
  • the background 16 can incorporate mechanical movement to display actual motion behind the real image 3.
  • the object 1 is on a conveyor belt 41 which can be controlled by an automated programme or by an interactive display operated by the user so that a selection of objects I are moved to the focal region of the optical system to display real images in the position 3.
  • the object 12 is one of a number of objects on a turntable 40 which can be rotated to selectively display real images objects in position 3.
  • a translation stage 42 can move laterally to place a number of objects 1 in the focal region for display of a real image in position 3.
  • a two way mirror is not used in the optical path between objects 12 and 1.
  • a front surface mirror 44 is placed on a translation stage 43 so that the mirror can be moved in and out of the optical path.
  • a real image of the object I is displayed in position 3 and when the mirror is in position in the optical path the object 12 is reflected so that the real image is displayed in position 3.
  • the advantage of this system is that there is not the 50% light loss of the transmitted or reflected image resulting from using a two way mirror.
  • Another important feature of the mirror 44 on the translation stage 43 is that the lights used to illuminate objects 1 and 12 can remain on constantly eliminating the need for using dimmable lighting and the costs of dimmers.
  • the curvature of the mirrors 19 can be adjusted to change the focal distance for the object 1 and/or 12 and the real image 3 so that the real image appears to move to position 20 even though the object itself has not been moved.
  • the object 1 and/or 12 can be moved on a translation stage 45 to position 21 closer to and further from the optical system in order to move the real image 20 closer to and further from the viewer.
  • Fig. 17 an amusement ride is illustrated where the arrangement is set within a visitor attraction where the observer 4 would be on a vehicle 17 which would bring the observer 4 to the optimal position for viewing the real image 3.
  • the background 14 is a large rear projection screen with the projected image from a slide, film, video or data projector 15 which is reflected off of a mirror 23.
  • the screen 14 appears to be in a vertical position 24 as it is viewed as a reflection off of the two way mirror 5.
  • the object 12 is a rear projection screen which is projected from a projector 22 and reflected off of a mirror 25.
  • Other rear projection screens 26 are placed on a turntable or other mechanical movement system 18.
  • the screens 26 can be curved in the form of a hemisphere, irregular shape or the form of a person's head so that the real image 3 appears as a three dimensional object with a moving image on the face of it.
  • the real image 3 is a moving image seen against the reflected screen 24 so that the synchronised projected images appear on multiple planes to create the illusion of a three dimensional motion picture.
  • Fig. 19 the invention is shown within a theatre where the audience is on a movement system 27.
  • a person 4 views real objects 3 and 50 which appear to be in front of a two way mirror 5.
  • the background 13 is reflected in the two way mirror 5 so that it appears to be behind the real images. If the person were to put his/her hand in the position of the real image 3 the hand would break a beam 60 emitted from a source 54 and reflected on a retroreflective mirror 52. If the person put a hand in the position of the real image 50 the hand would break the beam 61 being emitted from the source 53 and reflected on the retroreflective mirror 51. It should be noted that the hand could also break the beam 60 between 54 and 52 when reaching for the real image 50.
  • a computer controller or dedicated programmer could be set to delay the response to a break of the beam 60 closer to the user so that if the beam behind 61 were to be broken the computer would ignore the closer beam 60 and trigger the function dedicated to beam 61.
  • the invention uses ultrasonic proximity sensors in the positions of 53 and 54. Since these sensors are capable of recognising the distance of the hand from the sensor it is possible to trigger the function only when the beam is broken at the position of the real image of the button 3 or 50. With this system it is possible to reach for the real image 50 causing the beam 60 to be broken, but only triggering the function dedicated to the real image 50.
  • the real images 50 and 3 are of control mechanisms that can be mechanically moved to match the distance that the hand is from the sensors 53 and 54 along the corresponding lines of ultrasonic sound 61 and 60.
  • Fig. 21 we see a front view of the two way mirror 5 with real images 3 and 50, 70 and 71.
  • the control system can have a logic that requires both the horizontal and vertical beams to be broken in order to register a selection. If for example, beam 60 was broken by itself the control system would not register a selection. It would be necessary for both beams 60 and 63 to be broken to register the selection for the position of the real image 3. In the same manner both beams 62 and 61 must be broken to register the selection in the position of real image 50.
  • Fig. 22 we see a cross section of a control system where the display object 1 is one of a number of objects on a turntable 40 which can be rotated to the focal region of the reflector 10.
  • a monitor 73 is positioned above the optical system so that it can be viewed directly through the protective transparent sheet 5.
  • a dispensor 73 is positioned below the real image 3 so that it will spray mist onto the hand of the user when the user puts his/her hand in the position of the real image.
  • FIG. 23 we see a front view of a control system where the monitor 72 is positioned above the real images 3, 71 and 73.
  • Each of the real images have their own reflectors to focus light from the individual control devices.

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  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif permettant d'obtenir des images superposées sur un arrière-plan tridimensionnel incorporant une surface transparente partiellement en miroir afin de produire une vue non déformée d'un ou plusieurs objets, des images holographiques ou des images réelles, tout en réfléchissant également un arrière-plan qui masquera la vue de l'environnement ou des réflecteurs et produira un arrangement tridimensionnel pour les images holographiques et les images réelles. Le miroir bidirectionnel peut être stratifié afin de constituer une couche de protection contre le vandalisme exercé sur les réflecteurs ou contre le vol de l'objet. L'angle du miroir bidirectionnel est réglé pour réfléchir un arrière-plan, de telle manière que toute lumière provenant de la zone de l'observateur ne crée pas de distractions ou de réflexions indésirables. Il est possible, à l'aide de systèmes mécaniques, de sélectionner différentes images réelles, ainsi que de commander et de manipuler les objets réels tout en visualisant les images réelles. On peut déplacer la position de l'image réelle au moyen de la modification de la position de l'objet affiché ou de l'incurvation des réflecteurs du système optique. Des détecteurs de position permettent aux images réelles d'agir en tant que mécanismes de commande d'un affichage interactif ne nécessitant pas de contact physique avec les mécanismes de commande.
PCT/GB1996/000123 1995-05-12 1996-01-22 Dispositif et procede de superposition d'images afin d'obtenir un arrangement tridimensionnel sans utiliser de lentilles WO1996035975A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU44544/96A AU4454496A (en) 1995-05-12 1996-01-22 Device and method for superimposing images in a three-dimens ional setting without using lenses
GB9723366A GB2316765B (en) 1995-05-12 1996-01-22 Device and method for superimposing images in a three-dimensional setting without using lenses

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBGB9509696.2A GB9509696D0 (en) 1995-05-12 1995-05-12 Device and method for displaying an aerial image within a three dimensional setting
GB9509696.2 1995-05-12

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1996035975A1 true WO1996035975A1 (fr) 1996-11-14

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB1996/000123 WO1996035975A1 (fr) 1995-05-12 1996-01-22 Dispositif et procede de superposition d'images afin d'obtenir un arrangement tridimensionnel sans utiliser de lentilles

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU4454496A (fr)
GB (1) GB9509696D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO1996035975A1 (fr)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2828563A1 (fr) * 2001-08-07 2003-02-14 Voxel Electronics Ind Dispositif optique de projection d'images reelles dans l'espace de la concavite d'un miroir
WO2005045531A1 (fr) * 2003-10-27 2005-05-19 Bauhaus-Universität Weimar Procede et dispositif de combinaison d'hologrammes et de graphiques informatiques
US7601119B2 (en) 2006-04-25 2009-10-13 Hrayr Kamig Shahinian Remote manipulator with eyeballs
WO2011045437A1 (fr) * 2009-10-16 2011-04-21 Realfiction Aps Présentoir 3d interactif, procédé d'obtention d'un objet 3d perçu dans le présentoir et utilisation du présentoir 3d interactif
US9295375B2 (en) 2012-09-27 2016-03-29 Hrayr Karnig Shahinian Programmable spectral source and design tool for 3D imaging using complementary bandpass filters
GB2532234A (en) * 2014-11-12 2016-05-18 De Montfort Univ Image display system
US9456735B2 (en) 2012-09-27 2016-10-04 Shahinian Karnig Hrayr Multi-angle rear-viewing endoscope and method of operation thereof
US9549667B2 (en) 2007-12-18 2017-01-24 Harish M. MANOHARA Endoscope and system and method of operation thereof
US9861261B2 (en) 2014-03-14 2018-01-09 Hrayr Karnig Shahinian Endoscope system and method of operation thereof
US11529042B2 (en) 2009-11-13 2022-12-20 Hrayr Karnig Shahinian Stereo imaging miniature endoscope with single imaging and conjugated multi-bandpass filters

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4671625A (en) * 1983-08-22 1987-06-09 Noble Lowell A Optical apparatus for producing a natural, viewable and optically interactive image in free space
EP0310077A2 (fr) * 1987-09-29 1989-04-05 Wolfgang Lettner Dispositif pour la génération d'images par réflexion
WO1989009423A1 (fr) * 1988-03-31 1989-10-05 Laser 681 S.R.L. Projecteur d'images en trois dimensions
WO1993015430A1 (fr) * 1992-01-30 1993-08-05 The Walt Disney Company Dispositif et procede de creation de l'illusion d'image reelle
US5255028A (en) * 1992-05-15 1993-10-19 Kevin Biles Apparatus and method for producing 3-dimensional images

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4671625A (en) * 1983-08-22 1987-06-09 Noble Lowell A Optical apparatus for producing a natural, viewable and optically interactive image in free space
EP0310077A2 (fr) * 1987-09-29 1989-04-05 Wolfgang Lettner Dispositif pour la génération d'images par réflexion
WO1989009423A1 (fr) * 1988-03-31 1989-10-05 Laser 681 S.R.L. Projecteur d'images en trois dimensions
WO1993015430A1 (fr) * 1992-01-30 1993-08-05 The Walt Disney Company Dispositif et procede de creation de l'illusion d'image reelle
US5255028A (en) * 1992-05-15 1993-10-19 Kevin Biles Apparatus and method for producing 3-dimensional images

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2828563A1 (fr) * 2001-08-07 2003-02-14 Voxel Electronics Ind Dispositif optique de projection d'images reelles dans l'espace de la concavite d'un miroir
WO2005045531A1 (fr) * 2003-10-27 2005-05-19 Bauhaus-Universität Weimar Procede et dispositif de combinaison d'hologrammes et de graphiques informatiques
US7601119B2 (en) 2006-04-25 2009-10-13 Hrayr Kamig Shahinian Remote manipulator with eyeballs
US9549667B2 (en) 2007-12-18 2017-01-24 Harish M. MANOHARA Endoscope and system and method of operation thereof
US10278568B2 (en) 2007-12-18 2019-05-07 Harish M. MANOHARA Endoscope and system and method of operation thereof
WO2011045437A1 (fr) * 2009-10-16 2011-04-21 Realfiction Aps Présentoir 3d interactif, procédé d'obtention d'un objet 3d perçu dans le présentoir et utilisation du présentoir 3d interactif
US11529042B2 (en) 2009-11-13 2022-12-20 Hrayr Karnig Shahinian Stereo imaging miniature endoscope with single imaging and conjugated multi-bandpass filters
US9713419B2 (en) 2011-09-27 2017-07-25 California Institute Of Technology Programmable spectral source and design tool for 3D imaging using complementary bandpass filters
US11375884B2 (en) 2011-09-27 2022-07-05 California Institute Of Technology Multi-angle rear-viewing endoscope and method of operation thereof
US9456735B2 (en) 2012-09-27 2016-10-04 Shahinian Karnig Hrayr Multi-angle rear-viewing endoscope and method of operation thereof
US9295375B2 (en) 2012-09-27 2016-03-29 Hrayr Karnig Shahinian Programmable spectral source and design tool for 3D imaging using complementary bandpass filters
US9861261B2 (en) 2014-03-14 2018-01-09 Hrayr Karnig Shahinian Endoscope system and method of operation thereof
WO2016075437A1 (fr) * 2014-11-12 2016-05-19 De Montfort University Système d'affichage d'image
GB2532234A (en) * 2014-11-12 2016-05-18 De Montfort Univ Image display system
GB2532234B (en) * 2014-11-12 2019-07-24 De Montfort Univ Image display system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB9509696D0 (en) 1995-07-05
AU4454496A (en) 1996-11-29

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