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WO1996024117A1 - Enrichissement d'une image bidimensionnelle pour former une image tridimensionnelle - Google Patents

Enrichissement d'une image bidimensionnelle pour former une image tridimensionnelle Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1996024117A1
WO1996024117A1 PCT/AU1996/000047 AU9600047W WO9624117A1 WO 1996024117 A1 WO1996024117 A1 WO 1996024117A1 AU 9600047 W AU9600047 W AU 9600047W WO 9624117 A1 WO9624117 A1 WO 9624117A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
image
enhanced
lenticular screen
perspective
final
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AU1996/000047
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Paul Desmond Roche
Robin Mark Yerbury Ford
Original Assignee
Trannys Pty. Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Trannys Pty. Ltd. filed Critical Trannys Pty. Ltd.
Priority to AU45316/96A priority Critical patent/AU4531696A/en
Publication of WO1996024117A1 publication Critical patent/WO1996024117A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/20—Image signal generators
    • H04N13/204—Image signal generators using stereoscopic image cameras
    • H04N13/207—Image signal generators using stereoscopic image cameras using a single 2D image sensor
    • H04N13/221—Image signal generators using stereoscopic image cameras using a single 2D image sensor using the relative movement between cameras and objects
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T15/00—3D [Three Dimensional] image rendering
    • G06T15/10—Geometric effects
    • G06T15/20—Perspective computation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/10—Processing, recording or transmission of stereoscopic or multi-view image signals
    • H04N13/106—Processing image signals
    • H04N13/122—Improving the 3D impression of stereoscopic images by modifying image signal contents, e.g. by filtering or adding monoscopic depth cues
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/20—Image signal generators
    • H04N13/275—Image signal generators from 3D object models, e.g. computer-generated stereoscopic image signals
    • H04N13/279—Image signal generators from 3D object models, e.g. computer-generated stereoscopic image signals the virtual viewpoint locations being selected by the viewers or determined by tracking
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/30—Image reproducers
    • H04N13/302—Image reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays
    • H04N13/305—Image reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays using lenticular lenses, e.g. arrangements of cylindrical lenses
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/30—Image reproducers
    • H04N13/349—Multi-view displays for displaying three or more geometrical viewpoints without viewer tracking
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/30—Image reproducers
    • H04N13/363—Image reproducers using image projection screens
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/20—Image signal generators
    • H04N13/257—Colour aspects
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/20—Image signal generators
    • H04N13/286—Image signal generators having separate monoscopic and stereoscopic modes
    • H04N13/289—Switching between monoscopic and stereoscopic modes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/20—Image signal generators
    • H04N13/296—Synchronisation thereof; Control thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/30—Image reproducers
    • H04N13/324—Colour aspects
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/30—Image reproducers
    • H04N13/327—Calibration thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N2013/0074—Stereoscopic image analysis
    • H04N2013/0081—Depth or disparity estimation from stereoscopic image signals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N2013/0074—Stereoscopic image analysis
    • H04N2013/0092—Image segmentation from stereoscopic image signals

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to image enhancement and more particularly to the enhancement of two dimensional images, so that a 3D effect can be viewed.
  • 3D photography and the production of 3D images is a well documented art.
  • 3D images are generally produced by taking images of a subject at different angles of view or perspectives. The images can be superimposed and processed so as to be viewed in association with a lenticular screen to give a three dimensional effect to the composited image.
  • the production of 3D images of this sort require the taking of images from many perspectives and processing them to produce the 3D image. This is generally an expensive and complicated exercise because of the difficulties of the setting up of the cameras to take images from different perspectives.
  • the invention provides a method of producing an enhanced image or part of an image from an initial 2D image or initial composite 2D image stored in or has been input into a processing means, said enhanced image or part of an image being adapted to be placed under a lenticular screen to view a 3D effect, said method comprising the following steps:
  • the initial image is a photograph, an electronic image, a painting, an artwork, an illustration, a sketch, an architectural drawing, a designer drawing, an animated image, a manufacturing drawing, a plan, an engineering drawing, art illustration, typeface, text or any other 2D representation.
  • the final image is an electronic representation of an image, or is reproduced onto a video screen, a photo negative a positive transparency, a photographic print, a lithographic separation, or an emulsion attached to a sheet material.
  • step (b) and (c) are added, that step including the enhancing of objects displayed in said image to compensate for viewing those objects from a different perspective.
  • steps include : the printing of the image; aligning a lenticular screen to the final image; and bonding the image to a lenticular to produce a final composite 3D enhanced image.
  • the generation or enhancement of the perspectives or objects can include extrapolating that portion which would be located behind a central subject or a foreground subject, because a greater proportion of an object in the image is to be viewed from a different perspective.
  • the method also includes providing alignment means around the periphery of the completed enhanced image for cooperation with an aligning step, to check the register of the final image with the lenticular screen.
  • the invention further provides an enhanced image, which is a combination of 2D and 3D images or just 3D images, said enhanced image being initially a 2D image only with some or all of the objects in the image being processed to produce further perspectives, said further perspectives and said 2D image being spliced and collated to produce a final image, over which a lenticular screen can be placed to view the 3D effect.
  • an enhanced image which is a combination of 2D and 3D images or just 3D images, said enhanced image being initially a 2D image only with some or all of the objects in the image being processed to produce further perspectives, said further perspectives and said 2D image being spliced and collated to produce a final image, over which a lenticular screen can be placed to view the 3D effect.
  • the method can be utilised on type and text in a image whether that type and text has depth, or requires depth to be given thereto.
  • the method can also be used on paintings and art work, illustrations, architectural drawings or plans, animation, manufacturing drawings or plans, designer drawings and any other images that begin or are represented initially as 2D representations.
  • the invention also provides a method for aligning a collated image with a lenticular screen the collated image having been enhanced and collated from a plurality of images, said method comprising the steps of:
  • the indicator means is a colour or system of colours associated with each image.
  • the indicator means appears as a single colour.
  • persons responsible for the proper alignment of an image and a lenticular screen have a visual means to check the accuracy of the alignment. If a single colour is associated with each image, then if the border of the final composite image is made up of many colours the alignment is incorrect. The border will have a different colour corresponding to a particular perspective which is being viewed if it is in correct alignment.
  • This method can be used in association with a colour sensing device which is located at the focal length of the lenticular screen and set up for the appropriate perspective.
  • the invention also provides for an enhanced image or part enhanced image, said image being formed by means of collating slices of other images and overlying a lenticular screen, said image including a mechanism for checking the alignment of the lenticular screen relative to the collated image.
  • the mechanism consists of an indicator means associated with each slice of said other images. It is further preferable that the indicator is comprised of a single colour when the screen is correctly positioned over the collated image and is viewed from a single perspective at the focal length of the screen. Preferably the indicator is a border around the enhanced image. The indicator means can be removed once the screen and image are bonded.
  • the features of the invention provide a means to convert a two dimensional image into a three dimensional or part three dimensional image by means of extrapolation, and a means to align a lenticular screen with a composited image.
  • Figure 1 illustrates in diagrammatic form, objects in a two dimensional image
  • Figure 2 illustrates the objects of figure 1 as generated in a second perspective, being a first stage of enhancement
  • Figure 1A illustrates the perspective of figure 1 for the illustration of the method
  • Figure 3 illustrates the object of figure 1 as generated in a third perspective, being a second stage of enhancement
  • Figures 4, 5 and 6 illustrate the perspectives of figure 1, 2 and 3 in the next stage of enhancement
  • Figure 7 illustrates the collated perspectives of figures 4,5 and 6.
  • Illustrated in figure 1 is a rectangular object 10 and circular objects 20 and 30, which are illustrated in 2D as is normal for images and other planar representations. Because it is a 2D illustration moving to either side of the illustration of the objects in figure 1 gives no further information as to the appearance of the respective objects at different perspectives of viewing.
  • the initial image can be any two dimensional representation such as a photograph, an electronic image, a painting, a sketch, an architectural drawing, a designer drawing, an engineering drawing, art illustration or any other 2D representation, or an image which is made up of a composite of 2D images
  • An image of the objects of figure 1 are scanned into a processing means such as a computer. Once the image has been converted into electronic information in a computer, the computer is operated to generate or extrapolate perspectives of the objects at different perspectives to the original object taken in the 2D image of fig 1. This extrapolation or generation of perspectives can be done by mathematical formula or by artistic and/or creative manipulation by the person performing the process as is described below.
  • Illustrated in figure 2 is a different perspective (namely when a person moves to the left of the objects in figure 1 ) of the objects of figure 1.
  • the perspective of figure 2 is indicated by viewing in the direction of arrow 2 of figure 1.
  • the illustration of figure 1 is repeated between figures 2 and 3 as figure 1A, to help represent the perspective.
  • the arrows 2 and 3 present in figure 1 have been removed for figure 1A).
  • Paint box or graphics software which allows for the cutting and pasting of pixels or groups of pixels is utilised to produce the perspective of figure 2.
  • An operator uses the pixels which represent the objects of figure 1 and moves them to where the operator believes they should be if viewed from a predetermined desired perspective (extrapolation). If there is any portion missing when pixels are moved the missing portions are simply replaced by similarly coloured pixels as represent the object. Further, shading or other paint box techniques may be required.
  • Production of a 3D enhanced images can be made using hardware such as the QUANTELL (trade mark) Graphic Paintbox which is a mainframe computer system for production of graphic images.
  • QUANTELL trade mark
  • Graphic Paintbox which is a mainframe computer system for production of graphic images.
  • a variety of other software can be utilised to perform this task including
  • SKETCH (trade mark), FREEDOM OF THE PRESS (trade mark) and other graphics and post production software.
  • the selection of the software will depend on the size of the image being manipulated and the amount of other perspectives that it is desired to generate. In the example above only 3 perspectives are utilised to arrive at the destination or final image. In practice anything up to 14 or more perspective images could be utilised. If 14 images were utilised the amount of computer memory necessary to process and produce a final destination image would amount to approximately 2 gigabytes on hard disk and a further 2 gigabytes of auxiliary storage. One initial image, or enhanced image could occupy in excess of 80 megabytes of memory.
  • a perspective to the right of that of figure 1 can be produced in like fashion to that of figure 2.
  • the example will be continued with reference to only three images namely a left perspective(figure 2), a front-on perspective(f ⁇ gure 1) and a right hand side perspective(figure 3), whereas in practice to obtain a smooth transition between perspectives 14 or more is preferred.
  • the left hand side perspective (figure 2), front-on perspective (figure 1) and right hand side perspective (figure 3) are each in existence, electronically in the computer or processing means. At this point either the same software or different software can be selected, but the software must incorporate a cut and paste facility.
  • the software program is manipulated by an operator to firstly slice each picture up into vertical columns as is illustrated in figures 4, 5 and 6.
  • the number of vertical columns will be dependent upon the size of the lens of the lenticular screen that will be used, and the size of the desired final destination image.
  • An example of a lenticular screen is one which has a lens spacing of .62 mm and thus if three images are used each perspective is divided up into .2067 mm columns.
  • the calculations are done on a spreadsheet software so that formulas exist and by feeding in different parameters, the slicing up proportions and spacings can be readily determined.
  • the millimetre spacings can be represented in terms of pixel widths. If 14 perspectives were to be sliced up to fit under a .62 mm lenticular lens, each perspective would be sliced up into columns which are 2 pixels in width.
  • the first composite column is made up from columns 1', 1 and 1" (which are from the left hand side perspective (figure 2), front-on perspective (figure 1) and right hand side perspective (figure 3) respectively).
  • the individual columns 1', 1 and 1" are placed side by side in the destination image (figure 7).
  • the second column 2', 2 and 2" of the left perspective (figure 2), front-on perspective (figure 1 ) and right hand side perspective (figure 3) respectively, are also placed side by side, and so on, until the nth column is placed.
  • the first and second composite or sets of columns will take up the first and second lenses respectively, of a lenticular screen. This is done until the whole width of the destination image (figure 7) is composited.
  • the lenticular screen When the lenticular screen is placed over the print of the destination image, an operator will be able to tell if it is correctly aligned because when the composited or destination image is viewed from the perspective of figure 1A a green border for example will be viewed at the top and bottom. If there is any other colour in existence or parts of the border have another colour then the lenticular screen is not properly aligned. It may require shifting or rotating, to a very small extent to place the final image and the lenticular screen into correct alignment.
  • This process is readily adaptable to use with a colour sensing device which would be located at a set perspective axis at the focal length of the lenticular lens and calibrated to sense whether a particular colour is present all around the border. If more than one colour is present a signal is sent to the operator and an adjustment made.
  • a border can also be placed vertically at the side of the final destination image.
  • the above method can be utilised in such a way that, for example, only the foreground and the background of an object are three dimensionally enhanced whereas the object itself is not. This would equate to the balls 20 and 30 of figure 1 being 3D enhanced whilst the rectangular object 10 remains in 2 D.
  • This will give a unique effect of combining 3D with non-3D and if there is any type or text also associated with the image this can also be combined as 2D overlaid or 3D overlaid onto the picture.
  • three lines of text for example can be respectively located in the background, the object plane and the foreground.
  • the text can also be given depth by the same process as described above, or it can be depicted in 2D at different depth locations in the same destination image.
  • the method can be used to produce a print and thus front lighted or as a transparency and therefore back lighted. If back lighted the image needs to be displayed behind a light box or some other light source in order to achieve a desired effect. Depending on whether front or back lighted a person skilled in the art will need to adjust the parameters and dimensions of the slices to account for these variables and the characteristics of the lenticular screen.
  • the method can also produce colour separations for litho printing, or it can be printed directly on to a lenticular screen which has associated with it an emulsion layer. Alternatively the final image can be printed onto receiving sheets and adhering these to a lenticular screen. Another alternative is to visually produce the final image on a video screen and associate and register a lenticular screen therewith.
  • Another industrial application of this technology is the use with respect to signage and in particular bilingual and multilingual signage.
  • signage in particular bilingual and multilingual signage.
  • this application it is possible to replace the different perspectives with representations of words in other languages so that a viewer in one orientation will view see the words of one language whilst at another location the words of a different language will be viewable.
  • this application is performed the sign is set up so that both eyes will view the same information and in this way there will not be a three dimensional visual effect.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computing Systems (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Computer Graphics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Processing Or Creating Images (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention se rapporte à un procédé et un appareil d'enrichissement d'images et à une image enrichie produite selon ce procédé ou par cet appareil. Selon ce procédé, des images en deux dimensions (4, 5, 6) ou des images réalisées à partir d'au moins une image en deux dimensions sont enrichies de sorte qu'elles puissent être visionnées avec un écran lenticulaire pour produire un effet de relief. Ce procédé consiste notamment à produire des perspectives à partir d'une seule image en deux dimensions ou d'une partie de l'image en deux dimensions, à découper les images générées en segments (1, 1', 1', 2, 2', 2'), à assembler ou raccorder tous les segments, puis à placer l'image ainsi assemblée sous un écran lenticulaire.
PCT/AU1996/000047 1995-02-01 1996-01-31 Enrichissement d'une image bidimensionnelle pour former une image tridimensionnelle WO1996024117A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU45316/96A AU4531696A (en) 1995-02-01 1996-01-31 Enhancing two-dimensional image to three-dimensional image

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AUPN0871A AUPN087195A0 (en) 1995-02-01 1995-02-01 Three dimensional enhancement

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1996024117A1 true WO1996024117A1 (fr) 1996-08-08

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PCT/AU1996/000047 WO1996024117A1 (fr) 1995-02-01 1996-01-31 Enrichissement d'une image bidimensionnelle pour former une image tridimensionnelle

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AU (1) AUPN087195A0 (fr)
WO (1) WO1996024117A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2000019265A1 (fr) * 1998-09-30 2000-04-06 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif et procede de representation stereoscopique d'un objet
US10200678B2 (en) 2007-03-16 2019-02-05 Interdigital Ce Patent Holdings System and method for combining text with three-dimensional content

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS609290A (ja) * 1983-06-28 1985-01-18 Fujitsu Ltd 立体表示装置
WO1988004804A1 (fr) * 1986-12-17 1988-06-30 David Geshwind Procede de conversion de films bidimensionnels pour projection par des systemes tridimensionnels
JPS63242093A (ja) * 1987-03-30 1988-10-07 Nippon Hoso Kyokai <Nhk> 三次元テレビジヨン方式
WO1992009914A2 (fr) * 1990-11-23 1992-06-11 Mccarry, John Procede et appareil de visualisation tridimensionnelle d'image
AU1307692A (en) * 1991-04-08 1992-10-15 Stereoptics Limited Stereoscopic television/video system
AU1622292A (en) * 1991-06-27 1993-01-07 Eastman Kodak Company Electronically interpolated integral photography system
EP0570809A1 (fr) * 1992-05-19 1993-11-24 Eastman Kodak Company Dispositif de photographie profonde imprimé électroniquement ayant un champ visuel élargi
EP0570806A2 (fr) * 1992-05-19 1993-11-24 Eastman Kodak Company Méthode et système pour l'optimisation d'images tridimensionnelles par ajustement de l'espacement d'impression
JPH0749466A (ja) * 1993-08-04 1995-02-21 Sony Corp 画像表示方法
WO1995015063A1 (fr) * 1993-11-26 1995-06-01 Dr. Sala And Associates Pty. Ltd. Systeme d'amelioration de profondeur d'image

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JPS609290A (ja) * 1983-06-28 1985-01-18 Fujitsu Ltd 立体表示装置
WO1988004804A1 (fr) * 1986-12-17 1988-06-30 David Geshwind Procede de conversion de films bidimensionnels pour projection par des systemes tridimensionnels
JPS63242093A (ja) * 1987-03-30 1988-10-07 Nippon Hoso Kyokai <Nhk> 三次元テレビジヨン方式
WO1992009914A2 (fr) * 1990-11-23 1992-06-11 Mccarry, John Procede et appareil de visualisation tridimensionnelle d'image
AU1307692A (en) * 1991-04-08 1992-10-15 Stereoptics Limited Stereoscopic television/video system
AU1622292A (en) * 1991-06-27 1993-01-07 Eastman Kodak Company Electronically interpolated integral photography system
EP0570809A1 (fr) * 1992-05-19 1993-11-24 Eastman Kodak Company Dispositif de photographie profonde imprimé électroniquement ayant un champ visuel élargi
EP0570806A2 (fr) * 1992-05-19 1993-11-24 Eastman Kodak Company Méthode et système pour l'optimisation d'images tridimensionnelles par ajustement de l'espacement d'impression
JPH0749466A (ja) * 1993-08-04 1995-02-21 Sony Corp 画像表示方法
WO1995015063A1 (fr) * 1993-11-26 1995-06-01 Dr. Sala And Associates Pty. Ltd. Systeme d'amelioration de profondeur d'image

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PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, E-712, page 27; & JP,A,63 242 093 (NIPPON HOSO KYOKAI), 7 October 1988. *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, Vol. 095, No. 005; & JP,A,07 049 466 (SONY CORP), 21 February 1995. *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2000019265A1 (fr) * 1998-09-30 2000-04-06 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif et procede de representation stereoscopique d'un objet
US10200678B2 (en) 2007-03-16 2019-02-05 Interdigital Ce Patent Holdings System and method for combining text with three-dimensional content

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
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