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WO1996023360A2 - Systeme de communication numerique comportant un systeme de codage de convolution poncture et procede associe - Google Patents

Systeme de communication numerique comportant un systeme de codage de convolution poncture et procede associe Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1996023360A2
WO1996023360A2 PCT/US1996/001143 US9601143W WO9623360A2 WO 1996023360 A2 WO1996023360 A2 WO 1996023360A2 US 9601143 W US9601143 W US 9601143W WO 9623360 A2 WO9623360 A2 WO 9623360A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
ouφut
convolutionai
coded
puncmring
puncmred
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1996/001143
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO1996023360A3 (fr
Inventor
Rajaram Ramesh
Barbara D. Molnar
Original Assignee
Ericsson Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ericsson Inc. filed Critical Ericsson Inc.
Priority to JP8523038A priority Critical patent/JPH11502679A/ja
Priority to AU47714/96A priority patent/AU719888B2/en
Priority to EP96903727A priority patent/EP0806086A2/fr
Publication of WO1996023360A2 publication Critical patent/WO1996023360A2/fr
Publication of WO1996023360A3 publication Critical patent/WO1996023360A3/fr
Priority to FI973083A priority patent/FI973083A/fi

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0056—Systems characterized by the type of code used
    • H04L1/0067—Rate matching
    • H04L1/0068—Rate matching by puncturing
    • H04L1/0069—Puncturing patterns
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
    • H03M13/00—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes
    • H03M13/03—Error detection or forward error correction by redundancy in data representation, i.e. code words containing more digits than the source words
    • H03M13/23—Error detection or forward error correction by redundancy in data representation, i.e. code words containing more digits than the source words using convolutional codes, e.g. unit memory codes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0041—Arrangements at the transmitter end

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to a digital communication system, and more particularly, a digital communication system having a punctured convolutionai coding system and method.
  • noise in a transmission channel tends to corrupt bit streams of data being transmitted from a transmitter to a receiver.
  • the impact of noise on a transmitted bit stream can be minimized by coding the bit stream with FEC techniques.
  • FEC technique currently used in digital communication systems is punctured convolutionai coding.
  • Punctured convolutionai coding techniques in digital communication systems are known in the prior an as shown by the teachings of the following prior an references which are incorporated herein by reference: U.S. Patent No. 5,029,331. issued on July 2, 1991, to Heichler et al.; U.S. Patent No. 4,908,827, issued on March 13, 1990, to Gates; U.S. Patent No. 4,462,101, issued on July 24, 1984, to Yasuda et al.; Punctured Convolutionai Codes of Rate (n-l)ln and Simplified Maximum Likelihood Decoding, by J. Bibb Cain, George C. Clark. Jr.. and John M. Gar, in IEEE Transactions on Information Theory. Vol.
  • communication systems using punctured convolutionai coding include a coder for coding a digital input to be transmitted from a transmitter and a decoder for decoding the coded input received at the receiver.
  • the coder includes a convolutionai coding circuit which receives the digital input and outputs a convolutionai coded output.
  • the digital input is coded by the convolutionai coding circuit so that for every k-bits inputted into the convolutionai coding circuit, a corresponding n-bits, where n > k, is outputted.
  • the k-bits inputted and the corresponding n-bits outputted are referred to as k- tuples and n- tuples, respectively.
  • a convolutionai coding rate for the convolutionai coding circuit is defined as the ratio of the number of k-bits inputted to the number of n-bits outputted. and can be expressed as k/n.
  • the coding rate is 1/2 when for each bit inputted into the convolutionai coding circuit there is a corresponding two bits outputted.
  • the convolutionai coded output is passed through a puncturing circuit which includes a transmission mask circuit and deleting pattern memory for transmitting only selected bits of the convolutionally coded output.
  • a punctured code rate of z/q means that for every z input bits inputted into the convolutionai coding circuit q bits are outputted from the puncturing circuit.
  • the desired punctured code rate is achieved by passing a convolutionai coded output through the transmission mask circuit and puncturing the convolutionai coded output on a block-by-block basis.
  • Each block to be punctured is formed from a plurality of n-tuples and is referred to as a puncturing block.
  • the bit length of each puncturing block is equal to ⁇ convolutionally coded n-mples multiplied by the number of bits in each n-tuple.
  • the puncturing blocks are puncmred according to a deleting pattern which has a length equal to that of a puncturing block.
  • the bits of the deleting pattern have a one-to-one correspondence with the bits in each of the puncturing blocks.
  • the deleting pattern chosen has the miriimum bit length necessary to achieve the desired puncmred code rate of z/q for a convolutionai coding rate of k/n.
  • the deleting pattern used by the puncturing circuit is an L-length block of ones and zeros, with each one representing a transmission bit and each zero representing a non-transmission bit.
  • the transmission bits and non-transmission bits are also referred to as non-deleting bits and deleting bits, respectively.
  • the ratio of ones to zeros in the L-length deleting pattern is chosen to achieve the desired puncmred code rate. It is the ratio of ones to zeros in the deleting pattern that determines the puncmred code rate.
  • the length four deleting pattern is chosen to have three transmission bits and one non- transmission bit so that the new puncmred rate of 2/3 is achieved.
  • deleting patterns having the same ratio of ones to zeros and having the same bit length but having unique arrangements or patterns of ones and zeros.
  • the arrangement or pattern of ones and zeros in a deleting pattern affects the distance prope ⁇ ies of the puncmred code.
  • a deleting pattern having the desired bit length and ratio of ones to zeros is typically chosen in an attempt to optimize the distance propenies of the puncmred code.
  • the puncmred convolutionai coding system and method of such a digital communication system should utilize a more effective deleting pattern so as to achieve better distance prope ⁇ ies for the puncmred code and an improved bit error rate for the digital communication system.
  • the present invention is a digital communication system having a puncmred convolutionai coding system and method.
  • the puncmred convolutionai coding system and method of the digital communication system achieves better distance prope ⁇ ies for the puncmred code resulting in an improved bit error rate.
  • the distance prope ⁇ ies of the punctured code and the associated bit e ⁇ or rate is improved by convolutionally coding a digital input to produce a convolutionai coded output and puncmring the convolutionai coded output according to a deleting pattern having an extended bit length.
  • puncmring a convolutionai coded output with a deleting pattern having an extended bit length compared to the deleting patterns used in prior an digital communication systems provides for a puncmred code having better distance prope ⁇ ies. Accordingly, for a digital communication system having a panicular convolutionai code rate and puncmred code rate, the digital communication system of the present invention employs an extended deleting pattern providing for better distance prope ⁇ ies for the puncmred code.
  • the improved convolutionai coding system and method is implemented in a digital communication system having a transmitter and a remote receiver.
  • the puncmring circuit receives the convolutionai coded output and bits of the convolutionai coded output are grouped into puncmring blocks.
  • the puncmring blocks are puncmred according to the deleting pattern on a block-by- block basis.
  • the deleting pattern bit length of the present invention is a multiple of at least two of the niinimum deleting pattern bit lengths of the deleting patterns used in prior an digital communication systems.
  • Puncmring the convolutionai coded output according to a deleting pattern having a larger number of bits allows a more optimal deleting pattern to be chosen for the depuncturing circuit.
  • the depuncturing circuit generates a puncmred code having better distance prope ⁇ ies and the bit error rate of the communication system is improved.
  • Figure 1 is a block diagram of the digital communication system of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a block diagram of the coder of the preferred embodiment.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic representation of a generic bit stream passing through the coder.
  • Figure 4a shows an example bit stream passing through a prior an coder.
  • Figure 4b shows an example bit stream passing through the coder of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a block diagram of an alternate embodiment coder.
  • Figure 6 is a block diagram of the decoder.
  • the digital communication system having the puncmred convolutionai coding method and system of the present invention is indicated generally by the numeral 10.
  • the digital communication system 10 generally includes a transmitter 12 for coding and transmitting a digital input, and a receiver 14 for receiving and decoding the transmitted, coded input.
  • the transmitter 12 includes the general components of a coder 16 having a convolutionai coding circuit 20 and a puncmring circuit 22 for coding the digital input, and a modulator 24 for transmitting the coded input.
  • the convolutionai coding circuit 20 codes the digital input to generate a convolutionai coded output and the puncmring circuit 22 punctures the convolutionai coded output to generate a puncmred output.
  • modulator 24 modulates the puncmred output and transmits the modulated output to receiver 14.
  • Receiver 14 generally includes a demodulator 26, and a decoder 30 having a depuncturing circuit 32 and a convolutionai decoder 34.
  • the demodulator 26 demodulates the modulated output received from the transmitter 12 and outputs to decoder 30 a demodulated output.
  • the depuncturing circuit 32 outputs a depunctured output and convolutionai decoder 34 decodes the depunctured output and outputs a decoded output corresponding to the digital input.
  • FIG. 2 depicts a simplified convolutionai coding circuit 20 that will be used to describe the present invention.
  • Convolutionai coding circuit 20 includes a shift register 36, function generators 40a and 40b, and a multiplexer 42.
  • Shift register 36 serially receives input bits from the digital input which is in the form of an input bit stream. The bits are shifted along k-bits at a time into successive k-bit stages 44 of the shift register 36 with a group of k-bits being referred to as a k-tuple.
  • convolutionai coding circuit 16 having additional function generators and multi-bit stages could be provided.
  • the function generators 40a and 40b in the prefe ⁇ ed embodiment are modulo-
  • the convolutionally coded output consists of a bit stream of successive n- ples where each n-mple is formed by n-bits. where n > k, and corresponds to a k-tuple inputted into the convolutionai coding circuit.
  • the ratio of k-bits entering the convolutional coding circuit 20 to n-bits exiting is refe ⁇ ed to as the convolutionai coding rate, and is expressed as k/n.
  • the puncmring circuit 22 is coupled to the convolutionai coding circuit 20 and receives the convolutionai coded output.
  • the puncmring circuit 22 includes a transmission mask circuit 46 through which the convolutionai coded output passes and a deleting pattern memory 50 connected to the transmission mask circuit 46.
  • the transmission mask circuit 46 functions to puncture the convolutionai coded bit stream as it passes therethrough to produce a puncmred output. In other words, the transmission mask circuit 46 transmits selected bits in the convolutionally coded output and fails to transmit other selected bits. Because fewer bits are outputted from the puncmring circuit 22 than inputted, the puncmred code rate for coder 16 is larger than the convolutionai code rate.
  • a puncmred code rate of z/q means that for every z input bit inputted into the convolutionai coding circuit 20, q bits must be outputted from the puncmring circuit 22.
  • each puncmring block includes L-bits from the convolutionally coded output.
  • the number of bits selected to form a puncmring block is a function of the convolutionai code rate and the puncmred code rate.
  • Blocks of convolutionally coded output are puncmred according to a deleting pattern stored in the deleting pattern memory 50.
  • the deleting pattern is an L-length series of ones and zeros, with each one representing a transmission bit and each zero representing a non-transmission bit.
  • the deleting pattern bits have a one-to-one correspondence with the bits in each puncmring block, and the ratio of ones to zeros in the deleting pattern is chosen to achieve the desired puncmred code rate.
  • the puncmring block and corresponding deleting pattern length was chosen to have the minimum bit length necessary to achieve the desired puncmred code rate. More particularly, each puncmring block was formed from a plurality of convolutionally coded n-mples.
  • the present invention digital communication system provides for an improved convolutionai coding method and system by increasing the bit-length of the puncmring block and the deleting pattern above the minimum bit length required to puncmre a convolutionai coded output to achieve a desired puncmred code rate.
  • the selection of an increased bit length for the mask block and deleting pattern is advantageous because the number of potential deleting patterns that can be chosen to be used by the puncmring circuit increases as the deleting pattern length increases and a deleting pattern having improved distance prope ⁇ ies is available for selection.
  • increasing the puncmring block length allows a better deleting pattern to be selected for puncmring circuit 22.
  • Use of a better deleting pattern results in improved distance prope ⁇ ies of the puncmred output and minimized bit errors during transmission.
  • an input bit stream depicted by a n -a lk , a ⁇ -a,,, etc.
  • the input bit stream can be viewed as being formed by a series of k-tuples, with each k-tuple containing k-bits.
  • n > k is outputted from the convolutionai coding circuit 20 to generate a convolutionai coded output depicted by b n .b, n , b 2 ,-b 2n' etc.
  • the convolutionally coded output is then inputted into the puncmring circuit 22.
  • the convolutionai coded output is puncmred on a block-by-block basis by the puncmring circuit 22 according to a deleting pattern, c.-c ⁇ ,,.
  • Each block of the convolutionally coded output and the deleting pattern have a bit length of p ⁇ n, where p is an integer > 2. Accordingly, a multiple of n-mples is selected to form each puncmring block so that the number of bits in each puncmring block is greater than the minimum number of puncmring block bits required to achieve the desired puncmred code rate.
  • a puncmred output is then outputted from the puncmring circuit 22 and is depicted by b n -b n , b 2 ,-b 2n , etc., where the bits of the convolutionally coded output that were not transmitted are shown crossed out in Figure 3.
  • Figure 4a schematically illustrates an example input bit stream of bits 1 0 0 1 passing through a prior an coder
  • Figure 4b schematically illustrates an identical example input bit stream passing through coder 16 of the present invention
  • the input bit stream is first convolutionally coded so that for each 1-bit k-tuple, a 2-bit n-mple is outputted.
  • the n-mples form the convolutionally coded output depicted as 1 1 0 1 1 0
  • the deleting pattern of the prior an coder is 1 0
  • the deleting pattern of the present invention coder is 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 and generates a puncmred output for the input bits of 1 1 0 1 1 0.
  • the bit length of the deleting pattern of the present invention can be chosen to be any multiple of ⁇ n which is greater or equal to 2.
  • the puncmring circuit 22 includes a transmission mask circuit 46 located upstream of the multiplexer 42.
  • the transmission mask circuit 46 includes a first transmission mask 46a connected to the first function generator 40a and a second transmission mask 46b connected to the second function generator 40b.
  • the transmission masks 46a and 46b are arranged in parallel with respect to the function generators 40a and 40b such that each generator bit stream can be puncmred by a separate transmission mask 46a or 46b.
  • each transmission mask 46a or 46b groups its associated generator bit stream into parallel blocks.
  • the puncmring circuit block is puncmred according to a deleting pattern stored in the deleting pattern memory 50.
  • the length of the puncmring circuit block in corresponding deleting pattern, the ratio of ones to zeros of the deleting pattern, and the arrangement of ones and zeros in the deleting pattern are chosen in the same manner as described for the preferred embodiment.
  • each transmission mask 46a and 46b punctures its respective bit stream according to only a segment of the deleting pattern. For example, a deleting pattern of eight bits would be selected for a digital communication system 10 having a convolutionai code of code rate 1/2 and a puncmred code rate of 2/3.
  • the first transmission mask 46a would puncture its respective bit stream according to the first four bits of the deleting pattern and the second transmission mask 46b would puncmre its respective bit stream according to the second four bits of the deleting pattern.
  • the puncmred bit streams are then combined by the downstream multiplexer 42 which outputs the puncmred output.
  • Decoder 30 includes a depuncturing circuit 52 having a depuncturer 54 and a depuncturing pattern memory 56, and a convolutionai decoder 60.
  • the depuncturer 54 processes the received puncmred output according to an inse ⁇ ing pattern stored in the depuncturing pattern memory 56.
  • the inse ⁇ ing pattern co ⁇ esponds with the deleting pattern used by the coder 16.
  • a depuncmred output is outputted by the depuncturer 54 and inputted into the convolutionai decoder 60 which corresponds to the convolutionai coding circuit 16.
  • the convolutionai decoder 60 is a maximum likelihood decoder implemented by a Viterbi decoder.
  • the convolutionai decoder 60 decodes the depuncmred output and outputs a decoded output which is an estimate of the digital input of coder 16.
  • the present invention is directed primarily to a digital communication system 10 having an improved puncmred convolutionai coding system and method. More particularly, the digital communication system 10 provides for puncmred codes having improved distance properties by puncmring convolutionally coded outputs according to deleting patterns having bit lengths greater than the minimum bit lengths required to puncture a particular convolutionai code to achieve the desired puncmred code rate.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Probability & Statistics with Applications (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Error Detection And Correction (AREA)
  • Detection And Prevention Of Errors In Transmission (AREA)

Abstract

Cette invention se rapporte à un système de communication numérique comportant un système de codage de convolution poncturé, ainsi qu'à un procédé associé. Ce système de communication numérique comprend un codeur pour coder une entrée numérique devant être transmise depuis un émetteur, et un décodeur pour décoder l'entrée codée reçue au niveau du récepteur. Ledit codeur contient un circuit de codage de convolution au taux k/n pour produire une sortie codée de convolution, et un circuit de poncturation pour poncturer la sortie à codage de convolution, pour que le taux de code poncturé soit égal à z/q, où z = gamma k. Le circuit de poncturation poncture la sortie à code de convolution en fonction d'un modèle d'effacement, lequel est choisi pour comporter une longueur de bit L = p gamma n, où p >/= 2. Le circuit de poncturation émet une sortie poncturée à un taux de code poncturé de z/q et la sortie poncturée est transmise au récepteur. Ledit récepteur décode la sortie poncturée transmise et émet une sortie décodée.
PCT/US1996/001143 1995-01-23 1996-01-22 Systeme de communication numerique comportant un systeme de codage de convolution poncture et procede associe WO1996023360A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP8523038A JPH11502679A (ja) 1995-01-23 1996-01-22 パンクチャド畳込み符号化方式および方法を有するデジタル通信システム
AU47714/96A AU719888B2 (en) 1995-01-23 1996-01-22 A digital communication system having a punctured convolutional coding system and method
EP96903727A EP0806086A2 (fr) 1995-01-23 1996-01-22 Systeme de communication numerique comportant un systeme de codage de convolution poncture et procede associe
FI973083A FI973083A (fi) 1995-01-23 1997-07-22 Digitaalinen liikennöintijärjestelmä jolla on puhkaistu konvolutionaalinen koodausjärjestelmä ja menetelmä

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US08/377,073 US5668820A (en) 1995-01-23 1995-01-23 Digital communication system having a punctured convolutional coding system and method
US08/377,073 1995-01-23

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Publication Number Publication Date
WO1996023360A2 true WO1996023360A2 (fr) 1996-08-01
WO1996023360A3 WO1996023360A3 (fr) 1997-01-03

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US (1) US5668820A (fr)
EP (1) EP0806086A2 (fr)
JP (1) JPH11502679A (fr)
KR (1) KR19980701590A (fr)
CN (1) CN1169218A (fr)
AU (1) AU719888B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2210867A1 (fr)
FI (1) FI973083A (fr)
WO (1) WO1996023360A2 (fr)

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KR19980701590A (ko) 1998-05-15
WO1996023360A3 (fr) 1997-01-03
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US5668820A (en) 1997-09-16
AU719888B2 (en) 2000-05-18
AU4771496A (en) 1996-08-14
CN1169218A (zh) 1997-12-31
CA2210867A1 (fr) 1996-08-01
FI973083A (fi) 1997-09-18
FI973083A0 (fi) 1997-07-22
JPH11502679A (ja) 1999-03-02

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