WO1996019670A2 - Domestic fan - Google Patents
Domestic fan Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1996019670A2 WO1996019670A2 PCT/NL1995/000437 NL9500437W WO9619670A2 WO 1996019670 A2 WO1996019670 A2 WO 1996019670A2 NL 9500437 W NL9500437 W NL 9500437W WO 9619670 A2 WO9619670 A2 WO 9619670A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fan
- ring
- blades
- hub
- skin
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/26—Rotors specially for elastic fluids
- F04D29/32—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for axial flow pumps
- F04D29/38—Blades
- F04D29/388—Blades characterised by construction
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D25/00—Pumping installations or systems
- F04D25/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
- F04D25/06—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
- F04D25/0606—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven the electric motor being specially adapted for integration in the pump
- F04D25/066—Linear Motors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D25/00—Pumping installations or systems
- F04D25/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
- F04D25/08—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the working fluid being air, e.g. for ventilation
Definitions
- the invention relates to a fan comprising: ⁇ a central hub; a plurality of blades connected to this hub and extending at least more or less in radial direction, which blades take a form such that when driven rotatably round the axis of the hub an air displacement occurs; and drive means for rotatably driving the blades with the hub round the axis of the hub.
- the drive means comprise a motor of not inconsiderable diame ⁇ ter, the output shaft of which motor is joined directly to the hub.
- the hub likewise has a not inconsiderable diameter adapted to the diameter of the motor.
- a further significant aspect limiting efficiency is the flow round the ends of the blades, the so-called tips. It would be desirable to eliminate this flow round the tips.
- the invention provides a fan of the stated type which has the feature that the end zones of the blades are connected by a ring, which ring is supported rotatably in an annular housing; the drive means comprise a motor which is placed at a distance from the hub outside the air flow generated by the driven blades; the axial dimension of the ring and that of the annular housing is a maximum of 0.2 x the diameter; and the annular housing is supported by supporting means, for instance a foot for placing on a surface.
- a specific embodiment is that in which the ring forms part of the drive means.
- This variant can for instance have the special feature that the ring is driven by a motor.
- a specific embodiment has the special feature that the ring is the rotor of an optionally collectorless electric motor.
- a variant of this latter embodiment has the special feature that the rotor is a linear induction motor.
- the fan according to the invention has the special feature that during operation the rotor is sus ⁇ pended magnetically.
- a light but nevertheless mechanically very strong embodiment has the special feature that the blades are connected under bias to the hub and the ring.
- Yet another variant with a very light rotor has the special feature that the blades each comprise a skin consisting of metal with a thickness of a maximum of 1 mm.
- a particular embodiment has the special feature that the blades each comprise a skin consisting of a plastic layer optionally reinforced with fibres having tensile strength.
- the above two embodiments can have the feature that the skin has a thickness of 0.001-0.03 x the average chord of a blade.
- this latter variant can make use of a very thin skin.
- the fan can then for instance have the special feature that the skin has a thickness of (0.2 ⁇ 0.1) mm.
- the embodiment is recom ⁇ mended in which the skin consists of aluminium or stain ⁇ less steel.
- the fan can have the special feature that the cavity enclosed by the skin is filled with a filler.
- This latter embodiment can be manufactured in simple manner.
- This variant has the special feature that the filler is modelled beforehand in a mould cavity and the skin is subsequently arranged therearound.
- a still further increase in efficiency can be ob ⁇ tained with an embodiment in which the number of blades amounts to more than four.
- the number of blades can amount for instance to eight or more.
- the efficiency can be very high compared to known fans, while in addition the rotation speed tolerance range is greatly extended.
- the average thickness of the blades can for instance be in the order of 15% of the chords. In known designs this thickness is in the order of 2 to 3%.
- the coefficient of resistance c D decreases while the lift coefficient c, can be increased for in- stance from 0.8 to 1.6.
- the efficiency of the fan is related to the quotient c L /c ⁇ .
- the fan efficiency can be increased by these steps to the order of magnitude of
- the blades will taper toward their ends directed toward the ring.
- the blades can display on the axis a torsion in the order of 15° as seen in the axial direction of the fan, while the blades can have for instance a torsion in the order of 65° at the tips, i.e. the ends adjoining the ring.
- the latter can have the special feature that at least the inner surface of the ring has an aero ⁇ dynamic form.
- this embodiment even has the special feature that the ring and the annular housing connect to each other with a small clearance and together display an aerodynamic form.
- the air is guided correctly in aerodynamic manner not only on the inside of the annular housing but also on the outside of the annu- lar housing. It should be understood that the air flow generated by the fan is not limited to the inner region of the annular housing but that due to induction an air flow develops on the outside of the annular housing.
- An embodiment which limits noise and increases efficiency is that in which the end zones of the blades connect smoothly onto the inner surface of the ring.
- This embodiment can advantageously display the feature that the end zones have a form widening over the whole periphery with a radius of curvature in the same order of magnitude as the characteristic thickness of the blades.
- the blades each comprise a skin of metal or reinforced plastic
- the above stated embodiment can have the special feature that the rear edge is formed by one skin layer which connects to a zone in which two skin layers mutually overlap, wherein the skin layer of the rear edge is situated on the convex side.
- a specific embodiment has the special feature that the blades carry a thermally active element such as a heating element or a cooling element, to which energy is supplied via the annular housing.
- a thermally active element such as a heating element or a cooling element
- a thermally active element can be in excellent heat-exchanging contact with the air flowing past without the whooshing sounds occurring which are usual in fan heaters having for instance helically wound heating wires.
- a specific embodiment has the special feature of a resistance element operating as electric heating element, for instance comprising resistance wires, a foil resis ⁇ tance element, a conducting plastic, conducting particles or powder consisting for instance of metal or carbon and embedded in plastic, which resistance element can be connected to or embedded in a preferably thermally resis- tant plastic, or a combination thereof.
- a resistance element operating as electric heating element for instance comprising resistance wires, a foil resis ⁇ tance element, a conducting plastic, conducting particles or powder consisting for instance of metal or carbon and embedded in plastic, which resistance element can be connected to or embedded in a preferably thermally resis- tant plastic, or a combination thereof.
- An embodiment with a cooling element can advanta ⁇ geously be provided with a Peltier element.
- a Peltier element On the basis of a semiconductor junction such an element can extract heat from the environment and transfer it by way of electrical transfer to a heating element placed else ⁇ where. A cooled air flow can thus be generated.
- the embodiment is recommended which is provided with a power supply which can supply electric current to the housing, in which power supply is included a frequency converter which converts the mains supply frequency into a higher frequency, for instance in the range of 400 Hz - 10 kHz.
- the smallest possible transport volume can be real- ized with an embodiment in which the supporting means comprise a folding foot, preferably having a shape adapt ⁇ ed in the folded-away situation to the shape of the rest of the fan.
- a preferred embodiment has the special feature that the ring with adjustable position is supported by the foot.
- a specific embodiment has the feature that on at least one side the ring carries a protective cover through which air can flow.
- the protective cover comprises a self-supporting spiral-shaped strip.
- a very low noise production is obtained with an embodiment in which the strip has an aerodynamic form.
- Yet another embodiment has the feature that the ring is supported by the supporting means via a transmission periodically varying the position of the housing.
- a very elegant embodiment has the feature that during rotation the ring is mounted for rotation by an air cushion formed by air drawn in through intake aper ⁇ tures in the blades, which air is blown out via outlet apertures in the ring into the space between ring and annular housing, which space is sufficiently small to form a bearing mounting air cushion.
- the described struc ⁇ ture makes unnecessary the use of bearing means suscepti ⁇ ble to maintenance.
- the described structure which can for instance have the action of a centrifugal pump via blades which are hollow or at least provided with contin ⁇ uous channels, only requires a very small proportion of the drive power, is wholly free of maintenance and not susceptible to ageing.
- figure 1 shows a perspective view of a domestic fan according to the invention
- figure 2 shows a partly broken away perspective view of a second embodiment
- figure 3 shows a partly broken away perspective view of a third embodiment
- figure 4 shows a partly broken away, partly perspec ⁇ tive view of a part of a fan.
- Figure 1 shows a domestic fan 1. It comprises a central hub 2, eight blades 3 connected to this hub 2 which extend at least more or less in radial direction and have a form such that during rotary driving round the axis of the hub an air displacement occurs, in addition to a drive motor 4 for rotatably driving the blades 3 round the axis of hub 2.
- the end zones 4 of blades 3 are joined by a ring 6 which is supported rotatably in an annular housing 7.
- Motor 4 is placed at a distance from the central hub 2 outside the air flow generated by the driven blades 3.
- the axial dimensions of ring 6 and those of the annular housing 7 amount to a maximum of 0.1 x the relevant diameter.
- the annular housing 7 is carried by a foldable foot which consists of two parts 8,9. These parts can be folded up as according to arrows 10,11 respectively and in the folded-away situation have a shape adapted to the rest of the fan.
- the motor 4 drives the ring 6 by means of a belt 12.
- a telephone 13 is drawn in figure 1 which gives an idea of the possible dimensions of the fan 1.
- FIG. 2 shows a fan 14.
- an annular housing 15 supports three motors 15,16,17 of the type with external rotor.
- the external rotors of these motors drive the ring 6 and therewith the whole rotor 2,3,6.
- the housing 22 carries a protective grid 18 which is embodied as a self-supporting spiral, the aerodynamic form of which is not visible due to the scale of figure 2. With a simple pivot bearing the free centre of the grid 18 presses lightly against the free outer end of hub 2. Arrows 19 indicate the air flow direction.
- the housing 22 is supported by a foot 20. This carries a control unit 21 for controlling a number of functions of the fan 14.
- the housing 22 is supported by the foot 20 through a ball joint 23.
- a motor 24 Accommodated in the foot is a motor 24 which drives a cross-thread spindle 25.
- This co-acts with a carriage 26 which is coupled hingedly to the ball 23 such that, when cross-thread spindle 25 is driven, the ball, and thus the housing with components supported thereby, performs a reciprocating movement in the hori ⁇ zontal plane.
- This movement is indicated with arrow 27.
- a vertical corresponding movement is obtained with an analogous construction by means of a motor 28, cross- thread spindle 29 and carriage 30 accommodated in housing 22.
- the associated reciprocating movement in the vertical plane is shown with arrow 31.
- the fan 14 receives its electrical energy via a mains lead 32.
- FIG 3 shows a domestic fan 51.
- the annular housing 52 is sup ⁇ ported by a foot 55 via a ball joint 53 with toggle lever 54, in which foot is accommodated a control unit 56.
- Accommodated in housing 52 are electromagnetic stator elements 57 which co-act with electromagnetic rotor elements 58 which are arranged in ring 59 which is supported and driven in turn by motors 15,16,17.
- the elements 57 and 58 together form a rotating transformer.
- the electrical energy transferred to the rotor elements 58 via the stator elements 57 during rotation of rotor 2,3,6 is supplied to a heating element which consists of a resistance wire which is embedded in the blades 3 on the surface thereof and thus forms a heating element which can relinquish heat to the air flow 19 occurring during rotation of the rotor.
- a frequency converter 60 which converts the mains frequency, normally 50 or 60 Hz, into a considerably higher frequency, for instance in the order of 5 kHz.
- the volume and weight of the trans ⁇ former 57, 58 can hereby be limited, while an excellent energy transfer is nevertheless obtained.
- the frequency converter is of the solid-state type, can be compact and is capable of transferring the required energy to the heating element (not drawn) while taking up little vol ⁇ ume. A practical power to be transferred lies in the order of 1-2 Kw.
- FIG 4 shows a detail of a variant.
- an annular housing 61 carries electromagnetic stator elements 62, while the ring 63, which corresponds functionally with ring 6 in figure 1 and figure 2, accom ⁇ modates electromagnetic rotor elements.
- the elements 62 and 64 together form an annular linear induction motor.
- Figure 5 further shows the structure of the fan blades 3.
- Each blade 3 comprises a skin 38 modelled to an aerodynamic form such that blade 3 has a convex surface 39 and a concave surface 40. These surfaces connect to each other via a bent front edge 41 with relatively small radius of curvature.
- the surfaces 39 and 40 mutually overlap. Protruding beyond the overlap zone 43 is that skin part which connects onto the convex surface 39.
- a protruding rear edge 44 consisting of a thin layer corresponding with the thick ⁇ ness of the skin.
- the blade 3 is further filled with foam material 45.
- the ring 63 connects at very small distance to a correspondingly formed inner recess in the annular hous ⁇ ing 61. As shown in figure 4, ring 63 and annular housing 61 together form an aerodynamic shape. This ensures a very low noise production of the fan.
- end zones 65 of the blades 3 connect smoothly onto the inner surface of the ring 6,63. These end zones have a form widening over the whole periphery with a more or less constant radius of curvature which is in the same order of magnitude as the characteristic thickness of the blades 3.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU44019/96A AU4401996A (en) | 1994-12-22 | 1995-12-20 | Domestic fan |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NL9402187A NL9402187A (en) | 1994-12-22 | 1994-12-22 | Household fan. |
NL9402187 | 1994-12-22 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1996019670A2 true WO1996019670A2 (en) | 1996-06-27 |
WO1996019670A3 WO1996019670A3 (en) | 1996-09-12 |
Family
ID=19865056
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/NL1995/000437 WO1996019670A2 (en) | 1994-12-22 | 1995-12-20 | Domestic fan |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
AU (1) | AU4401996A (en) |
NL (1) | NL9402187A (en) |
TW (1) | TW311971B (en) |
WO (1) | WO1996019670A2 (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AU751254B2 (en) * | 2000-08-31 | 2002-08-08 | Carrier Corporation | Motor cooling fan blade assembly with finger guard |
NL2011128C2 (en) * | 2013-07-09 | 2015-01-12 | Eco Logical Entpr B V | ROTATING DEVICE, FOR EXAMPLE A AIR MOUNT, SUCH AS A FAN, A PROPELLER OR LIFT SCREW, A WATER TURBINE OR A WIND TURBINE. |
US9583132B2 (en) | 2013-07-24 | 2017-02-28 | Eco-Logical Enterprises B.V. | Arrangement for rotatably driving a round disk |
US10283256B2 (en) | 2013-07-09 | 2019-05-07 | Eco-Logical Enterprises B.V. | Compact electrical device and electrodynamic loudspeaker, electric motor, stirring device and adjustable clutch based thereon |
Family Cites Families (23)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE128797C (en) * | ||||
GB368858A (en) * | 1930-11-17 | 1932-03-17 | Mykas Adamcikas | Improvements in and relating to desk, wall and ceiling fans |
US1996195A (en) * | 1933-05-05 | 1935-04-02 | Julian K Ferguson | Electric fan |
US2639886A (en) * | 1950-11-17 | 1953-05-26 | Thompson Prod Inc | Shrouded wheel |
GB1231077A (en) * | 1967-09-08 | 1971-05-05 | ||
DE1925918A1 (en) * | 1968-05-25 | 1969-12-04 | Wynn Edward Donald | Fan heater |
US3647317A (en) * | 1970-03-19 | 1972-03-07 | Fluor Prod Co Inc | Fiberglass fan assembly |
US3799701A (en) * | 1972-02-28 | 1974-03-26 | United Aircraft Corp | Composite fan blade and method of construction |
DE2211208A1 (en) * | 1972-03-08 | 1973-09-13 | Siemens Ag | DRIVE A FAN WHEEL |
FR2175319A5 (en) * | 1972-03-09 | 1973-10-19 | Air Ind | |
DE2825400C2 (en) * | 1978-06-09 | 1984-02-02 | Omya Gmbh, 5000 Koeln | Cutting machine |
DE3320644A1 (en) * | 1983-06-08 | 1984-12-13 | Fritz Stützel - Südd. Elektrowerk -, 7070 Schwäbisch Gmünd | Synchronous machine |
EP0168594B1 (en) * | 1984-06-27 | 1989-02-01 | Canadian Fram Limited | Improved axial fan |
DE3707437C2 (en) * | 1986-03-08 | 1994-07-07 | Hans Joachim Leithner | Impeller for an axial fan |
DE3813431A1 (en) * | 1988-04-21 | 1989-11-02 | Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag | PROTECTIVE DEVICE FOR A BLOWER OF AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE |
US4962734A (en) * | 1990-03-14 | 1990-10-16 | Paccar Inc. | Electrically driven, circumferentially supported fan |
US5118252A (en) * | 1990-05-24 | 1992-06-02 | The W. B. Marvin Manufacturing Company | Intake grill for electric fan assembly |
GB9026517D0 (en) * | 1990-12-05 | 1991-01-23 | Cox Smith Peter J | Temperature control apparatus |
FR2679606A1 (en) * | 1991-07-26 | 1993-01-29 | Renault Vehicules Ind | FAN PROPELLER. |
DE4214160A1 (en) * | 1992-04-30 | 1993-11-04 | Otto Stuckmann | INTEGRATED FAN |
US5230606A (en) * | 1992-08-26 | 1993-07-27 | Chin Fu Ke | Electric fan with hot air/cold air dual-mode control |
EP0606054A3 (en) * | 1992-12-28 | 1994-08-24 | Sandurkov Ivan | Conveying device having an impellor for propelling gases or liquids in a flow channel. |
DE9416311U1 (en) * | 1994-10-10 | 1994-12-01 | Accutek Products Corp., Taisan, Taipeh | Fan heater |
-
1994
- 1994-12-22 NL NL9402187A patent/NL9402187A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
1995
- 1995-12-20 WO PCT/NL1995/000437 patent/WO1996019670A2/en active Application Filing
- 1995-12-20 AU AU44019/96A patent/AU4401996A/en not_active Abandoned
-
1996
- 1996-02-07 TW TW85101601A patent/TW311971B/zh active
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AU751254B2 (en) * | 2000-08-31 | 2002-08-08 | Carrier Corporation | Motor cooling fan blade assembly with finger guard |
NL2011128C2 (en) * | 2013-07-09 | 2015-01-12 | Eco Logical Entpr B V | ROTATING DEVICE, FOR EXAMPLE A AIR MOUNT, SUCH AS A FAN, A PROPELLER OR LIFT SCREW, A WATER TURBINE OR A WIND TURBINE. |
WO2015005776A1 (en) * | 2013-07-09 | 2015-01-15 | Eco-Logical Enterprises B.V. | Rotary device, for instance an air mover such as a fan, a propeller or a lifting rotor, a water turbine or a wind turbine |
US10283256B2 (en) | 2013-07-09 | 2019-05-07 | Eco-Logical Enterprises B.V. | Compact electrical device and electrodynamic loudspeaker, electric motor, stirring device and adjustable clutch based thereon |
US10479489B2 (en) | 2013-07-09 | 2019-11-19 | Eco-Logical Enterprises B.V. | Rotary device, for instance an air mover such as a fan, a propeller or a lifting rotor, a water turbine or a wind turbine |
US9583132B2 (en) | 2013-07-24 | 2017-02-28 | Eco-Logical Enterprises B.V. | Arrangement for rotatably driving a round disk |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO1996019670A3 (en) | 1996-09-12 |
TW311971B (en) | 1997-08-01 |
NL9402187A (en) | 1996-08-01 |
AU4401996A (en) | 1996-07-10 |
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