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WO1996017265A1 - Ensemble lentilles optiques - Google Patents

Ensemble lentilles optiques Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1996017265A1
WO1996017265A1 PCT/US1995/015188 US9515188W WO9617265A1 WO 1996017265 A1 WO1996017265 A1 WO 1996017265A1 US 9515188 W US9515188 W US 9515188W WO 9617265 A1 WO9617265 A1 WO 9617265A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
lens
diffractive features
optical
molded
optical assembly
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1995/015188
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Xiaohui Ning
Christie J. Shackelford
Original Assignee
Aotec, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Aotec, Inc. filed Critical Aotec, Inc.
Priority to AU42428/96A priority Critical patent/AU4242896A/en
Publication of WO1996017265A1 publication Critical patent/WO1996017265A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B7/00—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
    • G02B7/02—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses
    • G02B7/026—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses using retaining rings or springs
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
    • G02B3/02—Simple or compound lenses with non-spherical faces
    • G02B3/04—Simple or compound lenses with non-spherical faces with continuous faces that are rotationally symmetrical but deviate from a true sphere, e.g. so called "aspheric" lenses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/18—Diffraction gratings
    • G02B5/1876—Diffractive Fresnel lenses; Zone plates; Kinoforms

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to lenses. More specifically, the present invention relates to lenses having diffractive features and optical systems employing such lenses. Optical systems employing diffractive features drastically simplify the system design, which reduces the number of components and/or improves the performance.
  • an optical lens assembly comprises a housing having a lens mounted therein.
  • the housing has a cylindrical (or other suitable shape depending on the application) body having one end thereof closed except for a sized aperture.
  • the other end of the housing is open.
  • the lens is a bi-convex aspheric lens having diffractive features on both surfaces thereof.
  • the diffractive features are an important feature of the present invention as the lens accomplishes optical characteristics which have typically been accomplished by a plurality of lenses.
  • the aperture is important since by its dimensions it not only defines the bundle size of light received by the lens, but also accomplishes vignetting. The accomplishment of both defining the bundle size and vignetting by the aperture is important.
  • an optical lens assembly comprises a housing having two lenses mounted therein.
  • the housing has a generally cylindrical body comprising a first portion, a second inwardly tapered portion and a third portion.
  • the housing further comprises opposing ends.
  • the inner surface of the housing includes a series of steps and an aperture stop. Light entering the first lens, passes through the aperture stop, enters the second lens and is focused by the second lens.
  • the first lens comprises a convex spheric surface and an opposing concave aspheric surface.
  • the second lens comprises a convex aspheric surface having diffractive features thereon and an opposing convex aspheric surface.
  • the present invention is particularly well suited for use with CCDs as well as other applications.
  • FIGURE 1 is a cross section side elevation view of an optical lens assembly in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIGURE 2 is a partial diagrammatic side elevation view of light passing through the optical assembly of FIGURE 1;
  • FIGURE 3 are focus spot diagrams for the lens of the optical assembly of FIGURE 1 ;
  • FIGURE 4 are field curvature/distortion plots for the lens at the optical assembly of FIGURE 1.
  • FIGURE 5 is a cross section side elevation view of an optical lens assembly in accordance with a second embodiment of the present invention
  • FIGURE 6 is a partial diagrammatic side elevation view of light passing through the optical assembly of FIGURE 5;
  • FIGURE 7 is a diagrammatic view of a charge coupled device camera optical system employing an optical lens assembly in accordance with the present invention
  • FIGURE 8 is a diagrammatic view of an optical system comprising a fiber optic cable and associated interfacing optics employing an optical lens assembly in accordance with the present invention
  • FIGURE 9 is a diagrammatic view of an optical storage system employing an optical lens assembly in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIGURE 10 is a diagrammatic view of a cathode ray tube device employing an optical lens assembly in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIGURE 11 is a diagrammatic view of a head mounted optical system employing an optical lens assembly in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIGURE 12 is a diagrammatic view of a camera employing an optical lens assembly in accordance with the present invention
  • FIGURE 13 is a diagrammatic view of a scanner system employing an optical lens assembly in accordance with the present invention
  • FIGURE 14 is a diagrammatic view of an optical viewing device employing an optical lens assembly in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIGURE 15 is a diagrammatic view of an eye wear device employing an optical lens assembly in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIGURE 16 is a diagrammatic view of a laser eye wear protection device employing an optical lens assembly in accordance with the present invention. Description of the Preferred Embodiment:
  • Assembly 10 comprises a housing 12 having a lens 14 mounted therein.
  • Housing 12 has a cylindrical body portion 16 and opposing ends 18 and 20. End 18 is closed except for a sized aperture
  • Aperture 22 is an important feature of the present invention. Aperture 22 has an inside diameter and a width, which are described hereinafter. End 20 is open and includes a channel 24 extending inwardly therefrom, defining a retaining surface 26. Housing 12 is preferably comprised of an opaque plastic material. Lens 14 is a bi-convex aspheric lens having diffractive features on surfaces 28 and 30 of lens 14. Lens 14 further includes a peripheral flange 32. The diffractive features are an important feature of the present invention as lens 14 accomplishes optical characteristics which have typically been accomplished by a plurality of lenses. At least one of surfaces 28 and 30 includes an optical film coating 33 (e.g., alternating layers of low and high index of refraction material) for achieving a specific spectral response.
  • optical film coating 33 e.g., alternating layers of low and high index of refraction material
  • Lens 14 is mounted in housing 12, whereby flange 32 is disposed adjacent surface 26.
  • a ring gasket 34 is disposed on the opposing side (i.e., opposite surface 26) of flange 32.
  • Gasket 34 is preferably comprised of a suitable rubber material.
  • a threaded coupling ring 36 having an annular protrusion 38 is snap fit into a groove 40 within housing 12 near end 20.
  • Coupling ring 36 includes threads 42 for rotary coupling with another device. When inserted, ring 36 loads gasket 34 against flange 32 and thereby surface 26 to secure lens 14 within housing 12.
  • the distance from surface 26 to end 18 is important as this defines the distance from aperture 22 to lens 14.
  • aperture 22 is important since by its dimensions, it not only defines the bundle size of light received by lens 14, but also accomplishes vignetting.
  • lines 48 illustrate light entering aperture 22 and focused by lens 14 at a plane 46.
  • the ray path area exiting lens 14 is identified by lines 48 and 50 (FIGURE 1). Accordingly, when assembly 10 is used with, for example, a charge coupled device (CCD). the input plane of the CCD would be positioned at plane 46. Assembly 10 is particularly well suited for use with CCDs as well as other applications.
  • CCD charge coupled device
  • Lens 14 is defined by the following SAG height function for diffractive/aspheric surfaces:
  • r is the radial distance from the center of the lens (i.e., the optical axis of lens 14),
  • R is the radius of the curvature at the center of the lens
  • k is the conic constant
  • n is the index of refraction of the medium before surface 28
  • n 2 is the index of refraction of the medium after surface 30, and
  • ⁇ is the design wavelength
  • the "floor” is a discontinuous function which returns the integer value of the argument which is nearest to zero, whereby this part of the function adds or subtracts integer multiples of ⁇ /(n, - n 2 ) to form the diffractive grooves.
  • On-axis spot size (polychromatic using 9.0 microns photopic response weighting)
  • Off-axis spot size (polychromatic using 68 microns photopic response weighting) -
  • surface 28 has 96 steps
  • surface 30 has 152 steps.
  • the spacing between these steps vary from 17 microns (at the edge of surface 30) to 515 microns (at the center of surface 28).
  • the step height is approximately 1 micron ( ⁇ /(n-l)).
  • the deliberate vignetting is achieved by choosing an appropriate thickness for aperture 22.
  • the lens is well-corrected for both lateral and longitudinal chromatic aberrations. This is readily appreciated with reference to the focus spot diagrams shown in FIGURE 3 and the field curvature/distortion plots shown in FIGURE 4.
  • the above is only exemplary, the lens could be comprised of other designs that incorporate refraction and diffraction in a single lens on at least one surface thereof.
  • Assembly 52 comprises a housing 54 having lenses 56 and 58 mounted therein.
  • Housing 54 has a generally cylindrical body comprising a first portion 60, a second inwardly tapered portion 62 and a third portion 64 having a smaller diameter than portion 60.
  • Housing 54 further comprises opposing ends 64 and 66, with the outer surface of portion 64 including threads 68 at end 66 for rotary attachment to another device.
  • the inner surface of housing 54 includes a step 70 for receiving lens 56 near end 64 and a step 72 for receiving lens 58 near end 66.
  • the inner surface of housing 54 between lenses 56 and 58 comprises a series of steps 74 which reduce in steps the inner diameter of housing 54 and thereby the pathway of light exiting lens 56.
  • an aperture stop 76 is defined.
  • the inner surface of housing 54 is tapered outwardly at 78 from stop 76 to step 72 (i.e., lens 58).
  • Housing 54 is preferably comprised of an opaque plastic material (e.g., a black acrylic).
  • lines 79 illustrate light entering lens 56, passing through stop 76, entering lens 58 and focused by lens 58 at a plane 81. Accordingly, when assembly 52 is used with, for example, a charge coupled device (CCD) such would be positioned at plane 81.
  • Assembly 52 is also particularly well suited for use with CCDs as well as other applications.
  • Lens 56 comprises a convex spheric surface 80 and an opposing concave aspheric surface 82.
  • Lens 56 further includes a peripheral flange 84.
  • Lens 56 is mounted in housing 54, whereby flange 84 is disposed adjacent step 70.
  • Lens 58 comprises a convex aspheric surface 86 having diffractive features thereon and an opposing convex aspheric surface 88.
  • Lens 58 further includes a peripheral flange 90.
  • Lens 58 is mounted in housing 54. whereby flange 90 is disposed adjacent step 72.
  • At least one of surfaces 86 and 88 includes an optical film coating 91 (e.g.. alternating layers of low and high index of refraction material) for achieving a specific spectral response.
  • Surface 86 is defined by the following SAG height function for the diffractive/aspheric surface:
  • r is the radial distance from the center of the lens (i.e.. the optical axis of lens 58),
  • R is the radius of the curvature at the center of the lens
  • k is the conic constant
  • C is the first diffractive coefficient
  • n is the index of refraction of the medium before surface 86
  • n 2 is the index of refraction of the medium after surface 88
  • ⁇ is the design wavelength
  • the "floor” is a discontinuous function which returns the integer value of the argument which is nearest to zero, whereby this part of the function adds or subtracts integer multiples of ⁇ /(n, - n 2 ) to form the diffractive grooves.
  • Surface 88 has a radius of 5.730 and a conic constant of -1.799.
  • an acrylic with an index of refraction of 1.493 at 550nm was used.
  • the lens achieves the following theoretical performance when used with a 1/3" format charge coupled device (CCD) sensor:
  • On-axis spot size (polychromatic using 8.1 microns photopic response weighting)
  • Off-axis spot size polychromatic using 25 microns photopic response weighting
  • Surface 86 has 194 steps.
  • the spacing between the steps at surface 86 vary from 13 microns to 364 microns.
  • the step height is approximately 1 micron ( ⁇ /(n-l)).
  • applications particularly well suited for the assemblies of the present invention include, but are not limited to the following: black/white or color CCD camera optics 100 (FIGURE 7); fiber optics 102 including associated interfacing optics for coupling, launching and detection (FIGURE 8); optical storage 104 including video, audio and data; more particularly in the read-out head 106 thereof (FIGURE 9); head mounted optics 1 14 such as virtual reality optics, projection optics, viewing optics and heads-up display (FIGURE 11 ); camera optics 1 16 such as cameras, camcorders and VCR cameras, more particularly in the active and viewing optics thereof (FIGURE 12); scanners 118 such as scanning optics, light pens such as used with computers, imaging optics, and lens arrays (FIGURE 13); eye pieces for optical devices such as night vision scopes, binoculars, telescopes and riflescopes, collectively, viewing device
  • ophthalmic lenses such as progressive power with diffractive optics and bifocals, collectively, eye wear 122 (FIGURE 15); and laser eye protection 124 such as concentrator and dispersive optics (FIGURE 16).
  • eye wear 122 FIGGURE 15
  • laser eye protection 124 such as concentrator and dispersive optics
  • the lens could be comprised of other designs that incorporate refraction and diffraction in a single lens on at least one surface thereof.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Lenses (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne des lentilles à propriétés de diffraction et des systèmes optiques qui ont recours à ce type de lentilles. Selon un premier mode de réalisation, un ensemble de lentilles optiques est constitué d'un boîtier (12), une lentille (14) montée à l'intérieur de celui-ci, une extrémité ouverte et une ouverture dimensionnée (22) à l'autre extrémité. La lentille est biconvexe, asphérique, possède des propriétés de diffraction sur les deux surfaces (28), (30), et accomplit à elle seule les fonctions qui normalement exigent plusieurs lentilles. L'ouverture réalise un vignetage et définit la taille du faisceau de lumière reçu par la lentille. Selon un deuxième mode de réalisation, un ensemble optique est constitué d'un boîtier pourvu de deux lentilles fixées à l'intérieur de celui-ci et d'un diaphragme. La lumière qui pénètre dans la première lentille passe à travers le diaphragme, pénètre dans la deuxième lentille puis est focalisée par la deuxième lentille. La première lentille est constituée d'une surface convexe sphérique et d'une surface asphérique concave en vis-à-vis. La deuxième lentille comprend une surface convexe asphérique aux propriétés de diffraction et une surface asphérique convexe en vis-à-vis. L'invention convient bien à l'emploi des caméras à dispositif à couplage de charge ainsi qu'à d'autres applications.
PCT/US1995/015188 1994-11-28 1995-11-21 Ensemble lentilles optiques WO1996017265A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU42428/96A AU4242896A (en) 1994-11-28 1995-11-21 Optical lens assembly

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US34566094A 1994-11-28 1994-11-28
US08/345,660 1994-11-28
US41234995A 1995-03-31 1995-03-31
US08/412,349 1995-03-31

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1996017265A1 true WO1996017265A1 (fr) 1996-06-06

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1995/015188 WO1996017265A1 (fr) 1994-11-28 1995-11-21 Ensemble lentilles optiques

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (1) AU4242896A (fr)
WO (1) WO1996017265A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5978159A (en) * 1996-12-02 1999-11-02 Olympus Optical Co., Ltd. Hybrid photographic objective
EP1413900A3 (fr) * 1996-11-29 2004-05-12 3M Innovative Properties Company Lentilles pour un système d'imagerie électronique
US7206141B2 (en) 2004-08-27 2007-04-17 Tsinghua University Image pick-up lens system
US7289601B2 (en) * 2004-12-01 2007-10-30 Imascope Inc. Digital image collector for X-ray systems

Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4717239A (en) * 1984-01-05 1988-01-05 Georgia Tech Research Corporation Stereoscopic process and apparatus using diffractive optical elements
US4786125A (en) * 1983-08-22 1988-11-22 Farrand Optical Co. Ocular protective apparatus
US4936666A (en) * 1989-08-08 1990-06-26 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Diffractive lens
US4994664A (en) * 1989-03-27 1991-02-19 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Optically coupled focal plane arrays using lenslets and multiplexers
US5013133A (en) * 1988-10-31 1991-05-07 The University Of Rochester Diffractive optical imaging lens systems
US5016977A (en) * 1989-02-06 1991-05-21 Essilor International-Compagnie Generale Optical lens for correcting astigmatism
US5044706A (en) * 1990-02-06 1991-09-03 Hughes Aircraft Company Optical element employing aspherical and binary grating optical surfaces
US5120120A (en) * 1990-07-27 1992-06-09 Cohen Allen L Multifocal optical device with spurious order suppression and method for manufacture of same
US5151823A (en) * 1991-09-23 1992-09-29 Hughes Aircraft Company Biocular eyepiece optical system employing refractive and diffractive optical elements
US5161040A (en) * 1989-01-30 1992-11-03 Seiko Epson Corporation Optical system with aberration suppression and optical head utilizing the same
US5263110A (en) * 1992-09-03 1993-11-16 Linvatec Corporation Imaging endoscope and endoscopic method employing phase conjugate imaging techniques
US5340978A (en) * 1992-09-30 1994-08-23 Lsi Logic Corporation Image-sensing display panels with LCD display panel and photosensitive element array
US5350374A (en) * 1993-03-18 1994-09-27 Smith Robert F Topography feedback control system for photoablation

Patent Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4786125A (en) * 1983-08-22 1988-11-22 Farrand Optical Co. Ocular protective apparatus
US4717239A (en) * 1984-01-05 1988-01-05 Georgia Tech Research Corporation Stereoscopic process and apparatus using diffractive optical elements
US5013133A (en) * 1988-10-31 1991-05-07 The University Of Rochester Diffractive optical imaging lens systems
US5161040A (en) * 1989-01-30 1992-11-03 Seiko Epson Corporation Optical system with aberration suppression and optical head utilizing the same
US5016977A (en) * 1989-02-06 1991-05-21 Essilor International-Compagnie Generale Optical lens for correcting astigmatism
US4994664A (en) * 1989-03-27 1991-02-19 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Optically coupled focal plane arrays using lenslets and multiplexers
US4936666A (en) * 1989-08-08 1990-06-26 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Diffractive lens
US5044706A (en) * 1990-02-06 1991-09-03 Hughes Aircraft Company Optical element employing aspherical and binary grating optical surfaces
US5120120A (en) * 1990-07-27 1992-06-09 Cohen Allen L Multifocal optical device with spurious order suppression and method for manufacture of same
US5151823A (en) * 1991-09-23 1992-09-29 Hughes Aircraft Company Biocular eyepiece optical system employing refractive and diffractive optical elements
US5263110A (en) * 1992-09-03 1993-11-16 Linvatec Corporation Imaging endoscope and endoscopic method employing phase conjugate imaging techniques
US5340978A (en) * 1992-09-30 1994-08-23 Lsi Logic Corporation Image-sensing display panels with LCD display panel and photosensitive element array
US5350374A (en) * 1993-03-18 1994-09-27 Smith Robert F Topography feedback control system for photoablation

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1413900A3 (fr) * 1996-11-29 2004-05-12 3M Innovative Properties Company Lentilles pour un système d'imagerie électronique
US5978159A (en) * 1996-12-02 1999-11-02 Olympus Optical Co., Ltd. Hybrid photographic objective
US7206141B2 (en) 2004-08-27 2007-04-17 Tsinghua University Image pick-up lens system
US7289601B2 (en) * 2004-12-01 2007-10-30 Imascope Inc. Digital image collector for X-ray systems
AU2005312295B2 (en) * 2004-12-01 2010-04-29 Biokinemetrics, Inc. Digital image collector for X-ray systems

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