WO1996016118A1 - Caoutchouc dienique, procede de production et composition dudit caoutchouc - Google Patents
Caoutchouc dienique, procede de production et composition dudit caoutchouc Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1996016118A1 WO1996016118A1 PCT/JP1995/002395 JP9502395W WO9616118A1 WO 1996016118 A1 WO1996016118 A1 WO 1996016118A1 JP 9502395 W JP9502395 W JP 9502395W WO 9616118 A1 WO9616118 A1 WO 9616118A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- gen
- weight
- rubber
- molecular weight
- based rubber
- Prior art date
Links
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 191
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 191
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 229920003244 diene elastomer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 53
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010539 anionic addition polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000012744 reinforcing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000004636 vulcanized rubber Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 3
- MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butadiene-styrene rubber Chemical class C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 50
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 31
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 25
- 229920006158 high molecular weight polymer Polymers 0.000 description 25
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 description 24
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 18
- -1 cyclic urea compound Chemical class 0.000 description 18
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 16
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 11
- 235000019241 carbon black Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical group OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butyllithium Chemical compound [Li]CCCC MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 description 10
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000002174 Styrene-butadiene Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 244000043261 Hevea brasiliensis Species 0.000 description 7
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 7
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000012965 benzophenone Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 5
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical class NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzophenone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000003011 styrenyl group Chemical group [H]\C(*)=C(/[H])C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 5
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000014692 zinc oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- KPZGRMZPZLOPBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dichloro-2,2-bis(chloromethyl)propane Chemical compound ClCC(CCl)(CCl)CCl KPZGRMZPZLOPBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- SDJHPPZKZZWAKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dimethylbuta-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC(=C)C(C)=C SDJHPPZKZZWAKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VVBLNCFGVYUYGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Bis(dimethylamino)benzophenone Chemical compound C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=C(N(C)C)C=C1 VVBLNCFGVYUYGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 4
- WOZVHXUHUFLZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl terephthalate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(=O)OC)C=C1 WOZVHXUHUFLZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclopentane Chemical compound C1CCCC1 RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004606 Fillers/Extenders Substances 0.000 description 3
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCN(C)C KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910021627 Tin(IV) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000007720 emulsion polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 3
- HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J tin(iv) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Sn](Cl)(Cl)Cl HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 3
- PMJHHCWVYXUKFD-SNAWJCMRSA-N (E)-1,3-pentadiene Chemical compound C\C=C\C=C PMJHHCWVYXUKFD-SNAWJCMRSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YXIWHUQXZSMYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-benzothiazole-2-thiol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC(S)=NC2=C1 YXIWHUQXZSMYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AZQWKYJCGOJGHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-benzoquinone Chemical compound O=C1C=CC(=O)C=C1 AZQWKYJCGOJGHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OEVVKKAVYQFQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenyl-2,4-dimethylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C=C)C(C)=C1 OEVVKKAVYQFQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NVZWEEGUWXZOKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenyl-2-methylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NVZWEEGUWXZOKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JZHGRUMIRATHIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenyl-3-methylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(C=C)=C1 JZHGRUMIRATHIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JMVIVASFFKKFQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-phenylpyrrolidin-2-one Chemical compound O=C1CCCN1C1=CC=CC=C1 JMVIVASFFKKFQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QEDJMOONZLUIMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-tert-butyl-4-ethenylbenzene Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 QEDJMOONZLUIMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IGGDKDTUCAWDAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-vinylnaphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C=C)=CC=CC2=C1 IGGDKDTUCAWDAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYPKRALMXUUNKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Hexene Natural products CCCC=CC RYPKRALMXUUNKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JLBJTVDPSNHSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 JLBJTVDPSNHSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OUVFWIHVZPQHJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-ethenyl-5-methylcyclohexa-1,3-diene Chemical compound C=CC1(C)CC=CC=C1 OUVFWIHVZPQHJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetophenone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004438 BET method Methods 0.000 description 2
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical group [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIQCNGHVCWTJSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl phthalate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OC NIQCNGHVCWTJSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Guanidine Chemical compound NC(N)=N ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZWXPDGCFMMFNRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methylcaprolactam Chemical compound CN1CCCCCC1=O ZWXPDGCFMMFNRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-L adipate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCCCC([O-])=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920006164 aromatic vinyl copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 2
- CKWRKMQGPPYFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis[4-(n-phenylanilino)phenyl]methanone Chemical compound C=1C=C(N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=CC=1C(=O)C(C=C1)=CC=C1N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 CKWRKMQGPPYFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Chemical group BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- DKVNPHBNOWQYFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbamodithioic acid Chemical compound NC(S)=S DKVNPHBNOWQYFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 2
- YACLQRRMGMJLJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloroprene Chemical compound ClC(=C)C=C YACLQRRMGMJLJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003398 denaturant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004925 denaturation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000036425 denaturation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- MTZQAGJQAFMTAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl benzoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 MTZQAGJQAFMTAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006232 furnace black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical group II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopentane Chemical compound CCC(C)C QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- GDOPTJXRTPNYNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylcyclopentane Chemical compound CC1CCCC1 GDOPTJXRTPNYNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- DEQZTKGFXNUBJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(1,3-benzothiazol-2-ylsulfanyl)cyclohexanamine Chemical compound C1CCCCC1NSC1=NC2=CC=CC=C2S1 DEQZTKGFXNUBJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000843 phenylene group Chemical group C1(=C(C=CC=C1)*)* 0.000 description 2
- PMJHHCWVYXUKFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N piperylene Natural products CC=CC=C PMJHHCWVYXUKFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001195 polyisoprene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000446 sulfanediyl group Chemical group *S* 0.000 description 2
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloromethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiourea Chemical compound NC(N)=S UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KUAZQDVKQLNFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiram Chemical compound CN(C)C(=S)SSC(=S)N(C)C KUAZQDVKQLNFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960002447 thiram Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 150000003606 tin compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylphosphine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MACMAADVRVVHBD-VMPITWQZSA-N (e)-1-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-(2-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one Chemical compound OC1=CC(O)=CC=C1C(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1O MACMAADVRVVHBD-VMPITWQZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JAEZSIYNWDWMMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,3-trimethylthiourea Chemical compound CNC(=S)N(C)C JAEZSIYNWDWMMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CYSGHNMQYZDMIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Dimethyl-2-imidazolidinon Chemical compound CN1CCN(C)C1=O CYSGHNMQYZDMIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OWRCNXZUPFZXOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-diphenylguanidine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1NC(=N)NC1=CC=CC=C1 OWRCNXZUPFZXOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GDXHBFHOEYVPED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2-butoxyethoxy)butane Chemical compound CCCCOCCOCCCC GDXHBFHOEYVPED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FGKIZAATMHLTKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(diaminomethylideneamino)-2-(2-methylphenyl)guanidine Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=N)NNC(N)=N FGKIZAATMHLTKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OUSXYCTXXLYBGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenyl-2,4-di(propan-2-yl)benzene Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=C(C=C)C(C(C)C)=C1 OUSXYCTXXLYBGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PBGPBHYPCGDFEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenylpiperidin-2-one Chemical compound C=CN1CCCCC1=O PBGPBHYPCGDFEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GGYVTHJIUNGKFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methylpiperidin-2-one Chemical compound CN1CCCCC1=O GGYVTHJIUNGKFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NKOGCJIYHZVBDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-phenylpiperidin-2-one Chemical compound O=C1CCCCN1C1=CC=CC=C1 NKOGCJIYHZVBDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMSKIVCCLIQXFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-tert-butyl-3-ethenylbenzene Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC(C=C)=C1 SMSKIVCCLIQXFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LUVQSCCABURXJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-tert-butylpyrrolidin-2-one Chemical compound CC(C)(C)N1CCCC1=O LUVQSCCABURXJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,2-tetramine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCN VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RCPUUVXIUIWMEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)sulfanyl-1,3-benzothiazole Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC([N+](=O)[O-])=CC=C1SC1=NC2=CC=CC=C2S1 RCPUUVXIUIWMEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-phenylpropan-2-ylperoxy)propan-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGPBVJWCIDNDPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(dimethylamino)benzaldehyde Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=CC=C1C=O DGPBVJWCIDNDPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CRWNQZTZTZWPOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-4-phenylpyridine Chemical compound C1=NC(C)=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 CRWNQZTZTZWPOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UALSGXANHPLTGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,5-dimethyl-3h-dithiole Chemical compound CC1SSC(C)=C1 UALSGXANHPLTGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CPGFMWPQXUXQRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)propanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(N)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 CPGFMWPQXUXQRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BUZICZZQJDLXJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-azaniumyl-4-hydroxybutanoate Chemical compound OCC(N)CC(O)=O BUZICZZQJDLXJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UTKZHEXXFWCYCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-tert-butyl-2-ethenyl-1-methylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C(C)(C)C)C=C1C=C UTKZHEXXFWCYCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IEBLCDMOEWJQAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(C)[AlH]CC.C(C)[Al](CC)CC Chemical compound C(C)[AlH]CC.C(C)[Al](CC)CC IEBLCDMOEWJQAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZYSMGTWCQOWVHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(C)(C)O[Ba] Chemical compound CC(C)(C)O[Ba] ZYSMGTWCQOWVHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WAQAIDHIWUNFLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(C)(C)O[Sr] Chemical compound CC(C)(C)O[Sr] WAQAIDHIWUNFLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QXKOHICVGBUHGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(C)O[Ba] Chemical compound CC(C)O[Ba] QXKOHICVGBUHGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KKUZFMJIXIFTND-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCCCCC[Mg] Chemical compound CCCCCC[Mg] KKUZFMJIXIFTND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UWKKBEQZACDEBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCCC[Mg] Chemical compound CCCC[Mg] UWKKBEQZACDEBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HYSGPFAWCHUDSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCO[Ba] Chemical compound CCO[Ba] HYSGPFAWCHUDSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YSZPLMPWABZOFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC[Ba] Chemical compound CC[Ba] YSZPLMPWABZOFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Carbamate Chemical compound NC([O-])=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Cetrimonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BWGNESOTFCXPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen disulfide Chemical compound SS BWGNESOTFCXPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004258 Ethoxyquin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006237 Intermediate SAF Substances 0.000 description 1
- NHTMVDHEPJAVLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isooctane Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)(C)C NHTMVDHEPJAVLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005064 Low cis polybutadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004594 Masterbatch (MB) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 240000000233 Melia azedarach Species 0.000 description 1
- CHJJGSNFBQVOTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methyl-guanidine Natural products CNC(N)=N CHJJGSNFBQVOTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006057 Non-nutritive feed additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000872198 Serjania polyphylla Species 0.000 description 1
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FZWLAAWBMGSTSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiazole Chemical compound C1=CSC=N1 FZWLAAWBMGSTSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021626 Tin(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021623 Tin(IV) bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZBZNQWFOKTXPDH-UHFFFAOYSA-M [Ba]Oc1ccccc1 Chemical compound [Ba]Oc1ccccc1 ZBZNQWFOKTXPDH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BZEZSORUWZUMNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li]CCCC[Li] Chemical compound [Li]CCCC[Li] BZEZSORUWZUMNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VVJGKEBBTOGIDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Zn].[Zn].C(CCC)C1=CC(SS1)CCCC Chemical compound [Zn].[Zn].C(CCC)C1=CC(SS1)CCCC VVJGKEBBTOGIDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000122 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC(=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010692 aromatic oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical group [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AGXUVMPSUKZYDT-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium(2+);octadecanoate Chemical compound [Ba+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O AGXUVMPSUKZYDT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- FYXKZNLBZKRYSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,2-dicarbonyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(Cl)=O FYXKZNLBZKRYSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium atom Chemical compound [Be] ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTACIUYXLGWTAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N buta-1,3-diene;2-methylbuta-1,3-diene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC=C.CC(=C)C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 RTACIUYXLGWTAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FQEKAFQSVPLXON-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl(trichloro)silane Chemical compound CCCC[Si](Cl)(Cl)Cl FQEKAFQSVPLXON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical compound [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium stearate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000008116 calcium stearate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013539 calcium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001733 carboxylic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000006231 channel black Substances 0.000 description 1
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-ARJAWSKDSA-N cis-but-2-ene Chemical compound C\C=C/C IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-ARJAWSKDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008119 colloidal silica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002301 combined effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003950 cyclic amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001923 cyclic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N di-tert-butyl peroxide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AFZSMODLJJCVPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzothiazol-2-yl disulfide Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC(SSC=3SC4=CC=CC=C4N=3)=NC2=C1 AFZSMODLJJCVPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RJGHQTVXGKYATR-UHFFFAOYSA-L dibutyl(dichloro)stannane Chemical compound CCCC[Sn](Cl)(Cl)CCCC RJGHQTVXGKYATR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- PGAXJQVAHDTGBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutylcarbamothioylsulfanyl n,n-dibutylcarbamodithioate Chemical compound CCCCN(CCCC)C(=S)SSC(=S)N(CCCC)CCCC PGAXJQVAHDTGBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SBZXBUIDTXKZTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglyme Chemical compound COCCOCCOC SBZXBUIDTXKZTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VNGOYPQMJFJDLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl benzene-1,3-dicarboxylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(=O)OC)=C1 VNGOYPQMJFJDLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AFABGHUZZDYHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl butane Natural products CCCC(C)C AFABGHUZZDYHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- FBSAITBEAPNWJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl phthalate Natural products CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1OC(C)=O FBSAITBEAPNWJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JVSWJIKNEAIKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl-hexane Natural products CCCCCC(C)C JVSWJIKNEAIKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SWSQBOPZIKWTGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylaminoamidine Natural products CN(C)C(N)=N SWSQBOPZIKWTGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LIKFHECYJZWXFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyldichlorosilane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(Cl)Cl LIKFHECYJZWXFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MZGNSEAPZQGJRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyldithiocarbamic acid Chemical compound CN(C)C(S)=S MZGNSEAPZQGJRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001826 dimethylphthalate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- PXJJSXABGXMUSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N disulfur dichloride Chemical compound ClSSCl PXJJSXABGXMUSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012990 dithiocarbamate Substances 0.000 description 1
- QNDQILQPPKQROV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dizinc Chemical compound [Zn]=[Zn] QNDQILQPPKQROV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ZOOODBUHSVUZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxymethanedithioic acid Chemical compound CCOC(S)=S ZOOODBUHSVUZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DECIPOUIJURFOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxyquin Chemical compound N1C(C)(C)C=C(C)C2=CC(OCC)=CC=C21 DECIPOUIJURFOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940093500 ethoxyquin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019285 ethoxyquin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010528 free radical solution polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- DMEGYFMYUHOHGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptamethylene Natural products C1CCCCCC1 DMEGYFMYUHOHGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YAMHXTCMCPHKLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazolidin-2-one Chemical compound O=C1NCCN1 YAMHXTCMCPHKLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003949 imides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HWSZZLVAJGOAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-L lead(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Pb]Cl HWSZZLVAJGOAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000002642 lithium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RHIUIXSTQSQFAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium ethyl(methyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].CC[N-]C RHIUIXSTQSQFAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UBJFKNSINUCEAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;2-methylpropane Chemical compound [Li+].C[C-](C)C UBJFKNSINUCEAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WGOPGODQLGJZGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;butane Chemical compound [Li+].CC[CH-]C WGOPGODQLGJZGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YDGSUPBDGKOGQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;dimethylazanide Chemical compound [Li+].C[N-]C YDGSUPBDGKOGQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CETVQRFGPOGIQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;hexane Chemical compound [Li+].CCCCC[CH2-] CETVQRFGPOGIQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000005309 metal halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000005055 methyl trichlorosilane Substances 0.000 description 1
- JLUFWMXJHAVVNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyltrichlorosilane Chemical compound C[Si](Cl)(Cl)Cl JLUFWMXJHAVVNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IJJSYKQZFFGIEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene;potassium Chemical compound [K].C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 IJJSYKQZFFGIEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- URXNVXOMQQCBHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene;sodium Chemical compound [Na].C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 URXNVXOMQQCBHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001451 organic peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002900 organolithium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005949 ozonolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004817 pentamethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:2])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:1] 0.000 description 1
- NHKJPPKXDNZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyllithium Chemical compound [Li]C1=CC=CC=C1 NHKJPPKXDNZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003003 phosphines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001083 polybutene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002959 polymer blend Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ZRLVQFQTCMUIRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium;2-methylbutan-2-olate Chemical compound [K+].CCC(C)(C)[O-] ZRLVQFQTCMUIRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010734 process oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SBYHFKPVCBCYGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinuclidine Chemical compound C1CC2CCN1CC2 SBYHFKPVCBCYGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010058 rubber compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021332 silicide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FVBUAEGBCNSCDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicide(4-) Chemical compound [Si-4] FVBUAEGBCNSCDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003388 sodium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000162 sodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011150 stannous chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003440 styrenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940124530 sulfonamide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003456 sulfonamides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FWMUJAIKEJWSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur dichloride Chemical compound ClSCl FWMUJAIKEJWSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940052367 sulfur,colloidal Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005987 sulfurization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LXEJRKJRKIFVNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N terephthaloyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(Cl)=O)C=C1 LXEJRKJRKIFVNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001302 tertiary amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- IEXRMSFAVATTJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachlorogermane Chemical compound Cl[Ge](Cl)(Cl)Cl IEXRMSFAVATTJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006234 thermal black Substances 0.000 description 1
- AXZWODMDQAVCJE-UHFFFAOYSA-L tin(II) chloride (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Sn+2] AXZWODMDQAVCJE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- LTSUHJWLSNQKIP-UHFFFAOYSA-J tin(iv) bromide Chemical compound Br[Sn](Br)(Br)Br LTSUHJWLSNQKIP-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 229960001124 trientine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229930195735 unsaturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000003672 ureas Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012991 xanthate Substances 0.000 description 1
- PGNWIWKMXVDXHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;1,3-benzothiazole-2-thiolate Chemical compound [Zn+2].C1=CC=C2SC([S-])=NC2=C1.C1=CC=C2SC([S-])=NC2=C1 PGNWIWKMXVDXHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- NEYNBSGIXOOZGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;butoxymethanedithioate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCOC([S-])=S.CCCCOC([S-])=S NEYNBSGIXOOZGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- ZUBNXRHITOZMOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;octadecanoic acid;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZUBNXRHITOZMOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SZNCKQHFYDCMLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;propan-2-yloxymethanedithioate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CC(C)OC([S-])=S.CC(C)OC([S-])=S SZNCKQHFYDCMLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L9/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of conjugated diene hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08C—TREATMENT OR CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF RUBBERS
- C08C19/00—Chemical modification of rubber
- C08C19/30—Addition of a reagent which reacts with a hetero atom or a group containing hetero atoms of the macromolecule
- C08C19/42—Addition of a reagent which reacts with a hetero atom or a group containing hetero atoms of the macromolecule reacting with metals or metal-containing groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08C—TREATMENT OR CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF RUBBERS
- C08C19/00—Chemical modification of rubber
- C08C19/30—Addition of a reagent which reacts with a hetero atom or a group containing hetero atoms of the macromolecule
- C08C19/42—Addition of a reagent which reacts with a hetero atom or a group containing hetero atoms of the macromolecule reacting with metals or metal-containing groups
- C08C19/44—Addition of a reagent which reacts with a hetero atom or a group containing hetero atoms of the macromolecule reacting with metals or metal-containing groups of polymers containing metal atoms exclusively at one or both ends of the skeleton
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L15/00—Compositions of rubber derivatives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/01—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients characterized by their specific function
- C08K3/013—Fillers, pigments or reinforcing additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/54—Silicon-containing compounds
- C08K5/5406—Silicon-containing compounds containing elements other than oxygen or nitrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/54—Silicon-containing compounds
- C08K5/548—Silicon-containing compounds containing sulfur
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/56—Organo-metallic compounds, i.e. organic compounds containing a metal-to-carbon bond
- C08K5/57—Organo-tin compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L7/00—Compositions of natural rubber
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L9/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of conjugated diene hydrocarbons
- C08L9/06—Copolymers with styrene
Definitions
- the present invention provides a vulcanized rubber which gives vulcanized rubber which is excellent in workability at the time of unvulcanization and has improved abrasion resistance, rebound resilience, and low-temperature properties, and such a vulcanized rubber. It relates to a rubber composition.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 654,018, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-65419, etc. has the drawbacks of adding a large amount of liquid rubber, thereby deteriorating the inherently good abrasion resistance of the high molecular weight polymer, reducing the rebound resilience. It does not provide any particular improvement in the disadvantage of low-temperature hardness.
- Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. A certain amount of tin coupling is performed on a gen-based polymer having an active lithium bond, which has been anion-polymerized using an anion polymerization, and then the remaining active lithium is modified with a specific cyclic urea compound to obtain a separated polymer and a modified polymer.
- a rubber composition is disclosed. However, since the weight average molecular weight of the branched polymer is as low as 600,000 at most, the rubber composition does not have sufficient properties such as rebound resilience and abrasion resistance. Properties such as hardness are not at a satisfactory level.
- a modified polymer having a specific molecular weight modified with a specific compound such as N-methyl- ⁇ -force prolactam and a weight-average molecular weight of 800,0 A gen-based rubber obtained by mixing with a high-molecular-weight polymer of 0 or more has excellent workability when not vulcanized, and has improved rebound resilience, abrasion resistance, and low-temperature properties.
- a vulcanized rubber having a high level of low-temperature properties such as abrasion resistance, rebound resilience, processability and hardness by increasing the ratio of the molecular weight of the high molecular weight polymer to the molecular weight of the modified polymer.
- a modified rubber and a high molecular weight polymer are mixed in a solution to easily obtain a gen-based rubber excellent in the above-mentioned properties: and a small amount of these gen-based rubbers.
- a rubber composition obtained by adding rubber to another jen rubber such as natural rubber gives a vulcanized rubber having sufficiently improved properties such as rebound resilience, abrasion resistance and low-temperature properties of hardness.
- a modified gen-based rubber having a weight average molecular weight of 150,000 to 500,000, obtained by reacting a modifier having a functional group represented by the following formula:
- a rubber composition containing at least 10% by weight of the gen-based rubber (iii) as a rubber component.
- the modified gen-based rubber (i) is a homopolymer or a copolymer mainly composed of conjugated gen, and usually contains 40% by weight or more of conjugated gen.
- conjugated diene examples include 1,3-butadiene, 2-methyl-1.3-butadiene, 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene, 2-chloro-1,3-butadiene and 1,3-pentadiene.
- These conjugated gens can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the copolymerization component is not particularly limited as long as it does not impair the required properties, but aromatic vinyl is generally used.
- aromatic vinyl For example, styrene, 1-methylstyrene, 2-methylstyrene, 3-methylstyrene, 4-methylstyrene, 2,4-diisopropylstyrene, 2,4-dimethylstyrene, 4-t-butylstyrene, 5-t-butylstyrene
- the ratio of the conjugated gen-bonding unit in the modified gen-based rubber is usually 40% by weight or more.
- the conjugated gen-aromatic vinyl copolymer has a conjugated unit content of 40 to 95% by weight, preferably 50 to 90% by weight-more preferably 60 to 85% by weight.
- the content of the binding unit is usually 60 to 5% by weight, preferably 50 to 10% by weight, more preferably 40 to 15% by weight. If the amount of the bound aromatic vinyl is excessively large, the copolymer becomes hard, and the balance between the jet skid resistance and the rebound resilience decreases, which is not preferable.
- the molecular weight of the modified gen-based rubber is expressed as a weight average molecular weight in terms of standard polystyrene measured by GPC.
- the lower limit is 150,000, preferably 180,000, more preferably 200,000, and the upper limit is 500,000, preferably 400,000, more preferably 350,000. If the weight average molecular weight is too small, rebound resilience, abrasion resistance, temperature dependence of hardness, etc. decrease, and conversely, if it is too large, processability becomes extremely poor, and neither is preferable.
- M represents an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom.
- the active metal is not particularly limited, but is usually an anion-polymerizable active metal.
- the anion-polymerizable active metal include, for example, JP-A-58-166204, JP-A-61-42552, and JP-B-5-30841.
- Metals such as lithium, sodium, potassium, norebidium, cesium, etc., which are described in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication (Kokai) No. 6-297043, etc .: beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium Earth metals such as barium and the like: lanthanide series rare earth metals such as lanthanum, neodymium and the like.
- Preferable are alkali metal and earth metal, and more preferable are metal alkali.
- the gen-based polymer having such an active metal bonded thereto is produced according to a conventional method.
- a monomer of the polymer component is used in a hydrocarbon solvent using an initiator based on an active metal.
- the active metal is added to the polymer chain by a post-reaction regardless of the polymerization method (e.g., emulsion polymerization, anion polymerization, etc.) that has an active metal at the end of the polymer chain obtained by anion polymerization. Examples include, but are not limited to: Preferably, it has an active metal at the terminal of the polymer chain.
- Organic alkali metal catalysts include, for example, n-butyllithium, sec-butyllithium, t-butyllithium, hexyllithium, Organic monolithium compounds such as phenyllithium, stilbenelithium, N, N-dimethylaminolithium, N, N-methylethylaminolithium, etc .; dilithiomethane, 1,4-dilithiobutane, 1,4-dilithi-2-ethylethyl hexane, 1 , 3, 5—like trilibenzene
- Multifunctional organolithium compounds organic sodium compounds such as sodium naphthalene; organic rheodium compounds such as potassium naphthalene; and the like. It is preferably an organic lithium compound, and more preferably an organic monolithium compound.
- organic alkaline earth metal catalysts include, for example, n-butylmagnesium, n-hexylmagnesium 10 um, ethoxyquin calcium, calcium stearate, t-butoxystrontium, ethoxybarium, isopropoxybarium, ethylmethylcaptobarium. , T-butoxybarium, phenoxybarium, getylaminobarium, barium stearate, ethylbarium and the like.
- organic acid lanthanide series rare earth metal catalyst examples include, for example, a composite catalyst such as neodymium versatate Z triethylaluminum ethylethylaluminum sesquicride described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 63-64444. Is mentioned.
- the amount of the initiator used is appropriately selected depending on the type of the initiator or the required molecular weight 20 of the produced polymer. For example, when producing a polymer having a molecular weight of 150.000 to 500,000, preferably 180,000 to 400.000, and more preferably 200,000 to 350,000 using n-butyllithium as an initiator, the total amount is 0.65 to 0.3 mol, preferably 0.60 to 0.35 mol per 100 g of body And more preferably from 0.55 to 0.4 millimol.
- the anion polymerization using these initiators is performed in a hydrocarbon solvent that does not break the initiator.
- a hydrocarbon solvent any solvent can be used as long as it is used for ordinary anion polymerization.
- any solvent can be used as long as it is used for ordinary anion polymerization.
- N-pentane, iso-pentane, n-hexane, n-heptane Aliphatic hydrocarbons such as iso-octane: cycloaliphatic hydrocarbons such as cyclopentane, cyclohexane, and methylcyclopentane: aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene and toluene.
- Preferred are n-hexane, cyclohexane, benzene and the like.
- unsaturated hydrocarbons having low polymerizability such as 1-butene, cis-2-butene, 2-hexene and the like may be used. These hydrocarbon solvents are used alone or in combination of two or more. The amount used is usually such that the monomer concentration is 1% to 30% by weight.
- tetrahydrofuran, getyl ether, dioxane, and ethylene are used to adjust the microstructure of the conjugated gen-bonding unit or the distribution of the aromatic vinyl to be copolymerized with the conjugated gen in the copolymer chain.
- Ethers such as glycol dimethyl ether, ethylene glycol dibutyl ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol dibutyl ether; tertiary amino acids such as tetramethylethylene diamine, trimethylamine, triethylamine, pyridine, quinuclidine, etc.
- Min compounds Alkali metal alkoxide compounds such as potassium-t-amyloxide, potassium-t-butyroxide; polar compounds such as phosphine compounds such as triphenylphosphine; A substance may be added.
- polar compounds can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the amount of the polar compound to be used is generally 0 to 200 mol, per 1 mol of the initiator.
- the polymerization reaction is usually carried out at a temperature in the range of 20 to 150 ° C. in a batch or continuous polymerization mode.
- JP-A-59-14021 and JP-A-56-143 are useful for improving the randomness of the aromatic vinyl.
- the conjugated or synergistic gen is used so that the ratio of the amount of the aromatic vinyl to the total amount of the aromatic vinyl and the conjugated gen in the polymerization system is within a specific range. It is desirable to supply the mixture with the aromatic vinyl continuously or intermittently.
- the obtained polymer examples include polybutadiene, polyisoprene, butadiene-isoprene copolymer, styrene-butadiene copolymer, styrene-isoprene copolymer, and styrene-butadiene-isoprene.
- an active polymer a conjugated gen-based polymer having an active metal bonded to the polymer chain terminal
- N-substituted cyclic amides and N-substituted cyclic ureas are preferred, and N-substituted cyclic amides and N-substituted cyclic ureas are more preferred.
- the denaturing agent include, for example, N-methyl- ⁇ -propiolactam, N-phenyl-1- / S-propiolactam, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-vinyl-1-pyrrolidone, N-phenyl-2 —Pyrrolidone, N-tert-butyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-methyl-15-methyl-12-pyrrolidone, N-methyl-2-piperidone, N-vinyl-2-piperidone, N—phenyl-2-piperidone , N-Methyl-e-Caprolactam, N-Fenirou £ One-force prolactam, N-Methyl- ⁇ -La fateactam, ⁇ -Vinyl- ⁇ -La availabilityactam, 1,3-Dimethylethyleneurea, 1,3 —Divinylethylene urea, 1,3-Jetyl-2-imidazolidinone, 1-methyl-3-ethyl-2, imidazolid
- 4,4'-bis (dimethylamino) benzophenone 4,4'-bis (getylamino) benzophenone, 4,4'-bis (diphenylamino) benzophenone, N-methyl — £ 1 Hydroprolactam, N-methyl-1-pyrrolidone, N-vinyl-12-pyrrolidone, N-phenyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-vinyl-12-pyrrolidone and the like are particularly preferred.
- modifiers are used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the amount of the modifier used is appropriately selected depending on the type of the modifier or the required properties, but is usually 0.5 equivalent or more, preferably 0.8 to 50 equivalent, more preferably 1 to 10 equivalent per initiator used. Range. If the amount of the modifier is excessively small, the rebound resilience is extremely reduced, which is not preferable.
- the remaining part or all of the active metal may be subjected to force-printing with a force-printing agent described later.
- the denaturation reaction is carried out using the above-mentioned denaturant by a generally known method.
- the amount of the modifier to be used is as described above, and the reaction temperature and the reaction time can be selected from a wide range, but are generally from room temperature to 120 ° C for several seconds to several hours.
- the reaction is performed by bringing the active polymer into contact with a modifier, and is usually performed by adding a predetermined amount of the modifier to the active polymer solution before the termination of the polymerization.
- the high molecular weight gen-based rubber (II) is a homopolymer or copolymer mainly composed of a conjugated gen, and is produced by an ordinary method.
- a conjugated gen examples thereof include 1,3-butadiene, 2-methyl-1,3-butadiene, 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene, 2-chloro-1,3-butadiene, and 1,3-pentadiene.
- the copolymerization component is not particularly limited as long as it does not impair the required properties, but aromatic vinyl is generally used.
- aromatic vinyl examples include styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene, 2-methylstyrene, 3-methylstyrene, 4-methylstyrene, 2.4-diisopropylstyrene, 2,4-dimethylstyrene, and 4-t —Butylstyrene, 5-t-butyl-2-methylstyrene, vinylnaphthalene, etc., with styrene being particularly preferred. These aromatic vinyls can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the proportion of conjugated gen bonds in the high molecular weight gen-based rubber is usually 40% by weight or more.
- aromatic vinyl is used. It is desirable to contain
- the unit content of the conjugated gen is usually 40 to 95% by weight, preferably 50 to 90% by weight, more preferably 60 to 85% by weight.
- the aromatic vinyl binding unit content is usually 60 to 5% by weight, preferably 50 to 10% by weight, and more preferably 40 to 15% by weight.
- the molecular weight of the high molecular weight gen-based rubber is expressed as a weight average molecular weight in terms of GPC in terms of polystyrene of 800,000 or more, preferably 900,0 or more. 00 to 2,000,000, more preferably 1,000,000 to: I, 500,000. If the weight average molecular weight of the high molecular weight gen-based rubber is excessively small, rebound resilience, abrasion resistance and the like are inferior, which is not preferable.
- the high molecular weight gen-based rubber may be either linear or branched, but is preferably a branched one from the viewpoint of improving processability such as extrusion processability.
- Such a preferred branched high molecular weight gen-based rubber is produced, for example, according to a method described in JP-A-6-65419, by producing an active polymer in the same manner as in the method for producing the modified gen-based rubber described above, It can be produced by reacting a coating agent.
- polyfunctional coupling agent those used in a usual coupling reaction of an anion polymer are used.
- Representative examples include, if example embodiment formula R P MX 4 - P, M'X 2, X 3 M- R'- MX 3 or X 2 RM- R'-MRX 2 compound represented by and the like.
- M is Si, Ge, Sn or Pb
- X is chlorine, bromine or iodine
- R is an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an aryl group or R represents an alkylene group or a phenylene group
- p represents an integer of 0 to 4, respectively.
- tin tetrachloride tin dichloride, tin tetrabromide, gay tetrachloride, gay tetrabromide, gay tetraiodide, germanium tetrachloride, lead dichloride, methyltrichlorosilane, dimethyldichloro Silane, butyltrichlorosilane, dibutyldichlorotin, bistrichlorosilylene, bistrichlorostannylethane, tetramethoxysilicon, tetramethoxtin, tetraethoxysilicon, tetraethoxytin, tetrabutoxysilicon, tetrabutoxytin, etc. Is mentioned.
- coupling agents other than those represented by the above formula include dimethic acid adipate.
- Carboxylic esters such as tyl, getyl adipate, ethyl benzoate, dimethyl terephthalate, dimethyl terephthalate, dimethyl phthalate, dimethyl isophthalate, etc .: terephthalic acid dichloride, phthalic acid dichloride, sisophthalic acid dichloride, adipine
- Carboxylic acid halides such as acid dichloride; carbon tetrachloride; Among these, a tin compound and a gay compound are preferable, and tin tetrachloride, gay tetrachloride, tetramethoxysilicon, tetramethoxytin, tetrabutoxy tin and the like are particularly preferable.
- the amount of the polyfunctional coupling agent used varies depending on the required molecular weight, the ratio of the formed branched polymer, the reactivity of the coupling agent, etc., but is usually 0.01 per mol of the active polymer. It is in the range of 110 mol.
- the proportion of the resulting branched polymer is not particularly limited, but is usually in the range of 10 to 100% by weight, preferably 20 to 80% by weight, and more preferably 30 to 60% by weight. In this case, the amount of the polyfunctional coupling agent used is
- a tetrafunctional metal halide as an example, usually 0.02 equivalent or more, preferably 0.045 to 0.25 equivalent, more preferably 0.07 to 0 equivalent per 1 mol of the active metal used. It is in the range of 2 equivalents.
- the coupling reaction is usually carried out at 0 to 150 ° C for 0.5 to 20 hours. After the coupling reaction, it is preferred from the viewpoint of the effect of the present invention that the remaining part or all of the active polymer is reacted with at least one of the above-mentioned modifiers.
- the proportion of the force-printing polymer in the high-molecular-weight polymer is 90 to 10% by weight, preferably 80 to 20% by weight, more preferably 60 to 100% by weight. 30% by weight.
- the proportion of the rimer is 10-90% by weight, preferably 20-80% by weight, more preferably 40-70% by weight.
- the gen-based rubber (iii) of the present invention can be produced by mixing the modified gen-based rubber (i) and the high-molecular-weight gen-based rubber ( ⁇ ) in a solid state or a solution state.
- the modified gen-based rubber (i) can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the high molecular weight gen-based rubber (ii) can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the mixing in the solid state can be performed by mixing each polymer obtained by separating and drying from the polymer solution using a mixer such as Banbury or a roll.
- a mixer such as Banbury or a roll.
- ii) can be carried out by transferring the mixture to a predetermined ratio, and preferably while mixing the mixture with a stirring device.
- the mixture is separated and dried according to a conventional method to obtain a polymer mixture.
- the oil-extended rubber, carbon black, silica, etc. can be obtained by mixing the solution-mixed gen-based rubber (iii) of the present invention with a process oil, carbon black, silica, etc. in a solution state and then removing the solvent. It is also possible to obtain a masterbatch rubber containing the same.
- the mixing ratio of the modified gen-based rubber (i) and the high-molecular-weight gen-based rubber (ii) in the gen-based rubber (iii) may be appropriately selected depending on the required characteristics.
- component (i) is usually in the range of 5 to 80% by weight, preferably 10 to 50% by weight, more preferably 10 to 30% by weight, and component (ii) is usually 95 to 20% by weight, preferably 90 to 90% by weight. It is in the range of 50% by weight, more preferably 90 to 70% by weight. If the ratio of the modified gen-based rubber is excessively small, the processability is deteriorated. Conversely, if the ratio is excessively large, the wear resistance and the processability are inferior.
- the weight average molecular weight (M 2 ) of the high molecular weight gen-based rubber is ⁇ 3.2, preferably ⁇ 2 ⁇ ,> 3.5, more preferably 7.5> ⁇ 2 / ⁇ , ⁇ 3.8, the rebound resilience, abrasion resistance, workability and hardness Characteristics are balanced to high values.
- the diene rubber having such a relationship is obtained by comparing the denaturation reaction with the weight average molecular weight of the active polymer before the modification and the force-ripening reaction. It can be produced by using an active polymer in which the one subjected to the coupling reaction is larger than the one which causes the coupling reaction.
- the physical properties of the gen-based rubber ( ⁇ ) can be changed by changing the microstructure of the conjugated gen-binding unit. For example, if the amount of vinyl bond (1,2-vinyl bond and 3,4-vinyl bond) of the conjugated gen bond unit is increased, the grip performance of the polymer (resistance to jet skid), rebound resilience, The reversion properties are improved, and conversely, when the vinyl bond content is reduced, the abrasion resistance and the rebound resilience are further improved. Therefore, the microstructure of the conjugated diene bond unit portion is appropriately selected according to the purpose of use. For example, when the rebound resilience and abrasion resistance are to be further improved, the vinyl bond amount is reduced. It is preferable to select from the range of 10 to 30%, and it is preferable to select the vinyl bond amount from the range of 30 to 90% when it is desired to improve the resistance of the jet skid.
- vinyl bond distribution of the conjugated gen bond unit in the polymer chain There is no limitation on the vinyl bond distribution of the conjugated gen bond unit in the polymer chain. It may be uniformly distributed in the polymer, may be distributed so as to gradually decrease along the polymer chain, or may be distributed in a block form. Is selected as appropriate.
- the gen-based rubber (ffi) may not contain an aromatic vinyl compound, but when it contains an aromatic vinyl, the content of the aromatic vinyl bonding unit is usually 5 to 60% by weight, preferably Is in the range of 10 to 50% by weight, more preferably 15 to 40% by weight. In this range, the gen-based rubber (ffi) containing an aromatic vinyl bonding unit has good grip performance such as resistance to jet skid.
- the content of an aromatic vinyl single chain consisting of one aromatic vinyl bonding unit is at least 40% by weight of the amount of the bonded aromatic vinyl, preferably 50% by weight or more, more preferably 55% by weight or more, and the content of an aromatic vinyl long chain composed of 8 or more aromatic vinyl bridging units is 5% by weight or less of the amount of the bound aromatic vinyl.
- the content is 2.5% by weight or less, more preferably 1.5% by weight or less, in terms of rebound resilience, abrasion resistance, wet skid resistance and the like.
- Arm one hundred twenty-one viscosity of diene rubber ( ⁇ ) (ML physician 4, 1 0 0 ° C) is not particularly limited, mechanical strength, in view of processability, usually 2 0-1 5 0, good It is preferably in the range of 30 to: 120, more preferably in the range of 50 to: L00. If the Mooney viscosity is too low, the effects of improving the rebound resilience and abrasion resistance will not be sufficient. If the Mooney viscosity is too high, problems will occur in the workability and extrusion workability of the compound. When the gen-based rubber (ffi) of the present invention is oil-extended and used, it may exceed 150.
- the rubber composition of the present invention is obtained by mixing the above-mentioned gen-based rubber (ffi) as a rubber component with a rubber compound commonly used in the rubber industry.
- a gen-based rubber (ffi) can be used alone, or the gen-based rubber (m) can be used in combination with another gen-based rubber (iv).
- the rubber component should contain at least 10% by weight of gen-based rubber (ffi). If the ratio of the gen-based rubber (m) in the rubber component is too small, the effect of the modification of the present invention is not sufficiently exhibited, which is not preferable.
- gen-based rubbers include, for example, natural rubber (NR), polyisoprene rubber (IR), emulsion-polymerized styrene-butadiene copolymer rubber (SBR), solution-polymerized random SBR (bonded styrene 5-50 weight %, 1,2-vinyl bond amount of butadiene bond unit portion 10-80%), high trans SBR (1.4-trans bond amount of butadiene bond unit portion 70-95%), low cis polybutadiene rubber (BR), High-cis BR, high-trans BR (70-95% of 1,4-trans bond in butadiene bond unit), styrene-isoprene copolymer rubber (SIR), butadiene-isoprene copolymer rubber, solution polymerization random Styrene-butadiene-isoprene copolymer rubber (SI BR), emulsion polymerization SI BR, emulsion polymerization st
- the ratio of each component is expressed by the weight ratio of (swift) :( iv), usually 10-95: 90- 5, preferably 20-90: 80-10, more preferably 30-80: 70-20.
- the rubber compounding agent for example, a reinforcing agent, a vulcanizing agent, a vulcanization accelerator, a vulcanization aid, an extension oil and the like can be used.
- the reinforcing agent is not particularly limited, and for example, carbon black silica or the like can be used.
- the carbon black is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include furnace black, acetylene black, thermal black, channel black, and graphite. Among these, furnace black is particularly preferred. Specific examples thereof include various types such as SAF, ISAF, ISAF-HS, ISAF-LS, IISAF-HS, HAF, HAF-HS, HAF-LS, and FEF. Grade. These carbon blacks can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Nitrogen adsorption specific surface area (N 2 SA) of carbon black is not particularly limited, usually 5 to 200,111 2 8, preferably 50 to: L 50 m 2 Zg, yo Ri is preferably in the range of 80 to 130m 2 / g At some point, tensile strength / abrasion resistance is improved at a high level.
- DBP adsorption of carbon black Although the amount is not particularly limited, it is usually 5 to 300 ml Z100 g, preferably 50 to 200 ml 100 g, and more preferably 80 to: L 60 ml Zl 00 g. Is improved at a high level o
- the silica is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include dry-process white carbon, wet-process white carbon, colloidal silica, and precipitated silica disclosed in JP-A-62-62838.
- wet-process white carbon mainly containing hydrous gay acid is particularly preferable.
- These silicas can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the specific surface area of silica is not particularly limited, for example, a nitrogen adsorption specific surface area (BET method) is usually 50 to 400: 1 2 8, preferably 100 to 2 5 Om g and more preferably 120 to 190 m 2, When the value is in the range of g, improvements in reinforcement, wear resistance, rebound resilience, and the like are sufficiently achieved.
- the nitrogen adsorption specific surface area is a value measured by the BET method according to ASTM D 3037-81.
- reinforcing agents can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Compounding ratio of reinforcing agent is 100 parts by weight of rubber component On the other hand, it is usually 10 to 200 parts by weight, preferably 20 to 150 parts by weight, more preferably 30 to: L 20 parts by weight.
- the vulcanizing agent is not particularly limited.
- sulfur such as powdered sulfur, precipitated sulfur, colloidal sulfur, insoluble sulfur, and highly dispersible sulfur: halogen such as sulfur monochloride, sulfur dichloride, etc.
- Organic peroxides such as dicumyl peroxide, ditert-butyl peroxide; quinone dioximes such as p-quinondioxime, p, p'-dibenzoylquinondioxime; triethylene tetramine;
- Organic polyvalent amine compounds such as xamethylene diamine potassium and 4,4′-methylenebis-o-chloroaniline; alkyl funole resins having a methylol group; Of these, sulfur is preferred, and powdered sulfur is particularly preferred.
- These vulcanizing agents may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the compounding ratio of the vulcanizing agent is usually 0.1 to 15 parts by weight, preferably 0.3 to 10 parts by weight, more preferably 0.5 to 100 parts by weight of the rubber component.
- vulcanizing agent in such a mixing ratio is particularly preferable because it gives excellent properties such as excellent tensile strength, abrasion resistance, heat resistance and residual strain.
- vulcanization accelerator examples include N-cyclohexyl-2-benzothiazolesulfenamide, Nt_butyl-12-benzothiazolesulfenamide, N-oxyethylene-12-benzothiazolesulfur Sulfonamide-based vulcanization accelerators such as diamide, N-oxyethylene-12-benzothiazolesulfenamide, N, N'-diisopropyl-12-benzothiazolesulfenamide;diphenylguanidine; Jio Guanidine-based vulcanization accelerators, such as lttoritolguanidine and o-tolylbiguanidine; thiourea-based vulcanization accelerators, such as thiocarbanide, diorthotrithiothiourea, ethylentiorea, getylthiourea, trimethylthiourea, etc.
- 2-mercaptobenzothiazole dibenzothiazyldisulfide, 2-mercaptobenzothiazole zinc salt, 2-mercaptobenzothiazole sodium salt, 2-mercaptobenzothiazolecyclohexylamine Salts, thiazole vulcanization accelerators such as 2- (2,4-dinitrophenylthio) benzothiazole, etc .; tetramethylthiuram monosulfide, tetramethylthiuram disulfide,
- Thiuram-based vulcanization accelerators such as traethylthiuram disulfide, tetrabutylthiuram disulfide, dipentamethylenethiuram tetrasulfide, etc .; sodium dimethyldithiate, sodium rubamate, getyldithiocarno 'Sodium sodium phosphate, di-n-butyldithiol sodium rubamate, dimethyldithium lead rubamate, dimethyldithione zinc rubamate, diisethyldithiol zinc zinc salt, di-n-butyldithiol zinc salt Zinc acid, Pentamethylene dithio-potassium zinc rubamate, Ethyl phenyldithiate Zinc rubaminate, Jetyl dithi-potassium tellurate, Dimethyl dithio-potassium selenium rubinate, Jetyl dithiocarbamate Selenium acid, dimethyldithiocarbamate,
- Dithiocarbamic acid-based vulcanization accelerators such as getylamine carbamate, pentamethylenedithio-piperidine rubinate, pipecolin methyl methylpentamethylenedithiocarbamate; isopropropylxanthogen And xanthate-based vulcanization accelerators such as sodium acid, zinc isopropylxanthate, zinc butylxanthate, and the like.
- These vulcanization accelerators are used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the compounding ratio of the vulcanization accelerator is usually 0.1 to 15 parts by weight, preferably 0.3 to 10 parts by weight, and more preferably 0.5 to 5 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the rubber component.
- the vulcanization aid for example, stearate-zinc oxide can be used.
- the zinc oxide for example, it is preferable to use one having a high surface activity and a particle size of 5 or less. Specific examples thereof include activated zinc white having a particle size of 0.05 to 0.2 / zm and zinc white having a particle size of 0.3 to 1 / m.
- a zinc oxide that has been surface-treated with an amine-based dispersant or a wetting agent can be used as the zinc oxide.
- vulcanization aids can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the proportion of the vulcanization aid is not particularly limited, and is appropriately selected according to the purpose.
- stearic acid When stearic acid is used, it is usually 0.05 to 15 parts by weight, preferably 0.1 to 10 parts by weight, more preferably 0.5 to 5 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the rubber component.
- zinc oxide When zinc oxide is used, it is usually 0.05 to 15 parts by weight, preferably 0.1 to 10 parts by weight, more preferably 0.5 to 5 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the rubber component.
- the extender oil for example, a paraffinic, naphthenic, aroma-based, silicone-based extender oil is selected according to the application.
- the amount of the extending oil used is usually in the range of 1 to 150 parts by weight, preferably 2 to 100 parts by weight, more preferably 3 to 60 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of the rubber component.
- the amount of the extender oil is in this range, the dispersion effect of the reinforcing agent, tensile strength, wear resistance, heat resistance, and the like are balanced to high values.
- the rubber composition of the present invention may further comprise, in addition to the above components, calcium carbonate Fillers such as rubber and talc, amine-based phenol-based antioxidants, ozone deterioration inhibitors, silane coupling agents, activators such as diethylene glycol, processing aids, tackifiers, waxes, etc.
- calcium carbonate Fillers such as rubber and talc
- amine-based phenol-based antioxidants such as ozone deterioration inhibitors
- silane coupling agents such as diethylene glycol
- activators such as diethylene glycol
- processing aids such as processing aids, tackifiers, waxes, etc.
- Other compounding agents can be contained in necessary amounts.
- the rubber composition of the present invention is produced by mixing the above components using a known rubber kneading machine, for example, a roll, a Banbury mixer, or the like.
- Abrasion resistance was measured using a pico abrasion tester in accordance with ASTM D 2228. This property was expressed as an index (wear resistance index) with the comparative example taken as 100.
- Rebound resilience is Lupke type rebound resilience according to JIS K6301 It was measured at 60 ° C using a testing machine. This characteristic is represented by an index with the comparative example being 100.
- ⁇ Wound neatly. ⁇ ; Occasionally emerges from the roll but is almost wrapped. ⁇ : frequently wraps around but floats. X: hardly wrap.
- a 15 liter stainless steel autoclave platform reactor washed, dried and purged with nitrogen, was charged with 205 g of styrene, 480 g of 1,3-butadiene, 8500 g of cyclohexane, and 8500 g of tetramethyl chloride.
- Eight millimoles of tylenediamine were charged, then 6.5 millimoles of n-butyllithium (as an n-hexane solution) were added, and polymerization was started at 40 C while stirring the contents. From 10 minutes after the start of the polymerization, 315 g of butadiene was sequentially added over 80 minutes. The internal temperature of the polymerization reactor rose to 60 ° C.
- the reaction was carried out for 30 minutes by adding 8 mmol of N-methyl-propellant as a denaturing agent for 30 minutes, and then the reaction was stopped by adding 2 ml of methanol. .
- Part of the polymer is recovered by steam stripping (terminally modified polymer D), and the amount of bound styrene (ST), the amount of vinyl (V) bond in the butadiene bond unit and the weight average molecular weight ( ⁇ ,) are measured.
- the results are shown in Table 1.
- the styrene chain distribution of the terminal-modified polymer D is such that a single chain of styrene (S 1) is 90% by weight based on the amount of bound styrene.
- the long chain of 8 or more styrene (S 8) was 0.2% by weight.
- Polymerization was carried out under the same conditions as in Production Example 1 except that 9.0 millimoles of tetramethylethylenediamine and 4.5 millimoles of n-butyllithium were used. After completion of the polymerization reaction, 0.68 mmol of tetrachloride was added as a coupling agent, and the reaction was carried out for 60 minutes. Thereafter, as a modifier, 2.0 millimoles of 4.4'-bis (getylamino) benzophenone was further added and reacted for 30 minutes, and then 2 ml of methanol was added to stop the reaction.
- high-molecular-weight polymer H A part of the high-molecular-weight SBR (high-molecular-weight polymer H) was recovered in the same manner as in Production Example 1, and its S- and V- and weight-average molecular weights (M 2 ) were measured.
- the styrene chain distribution of the high molecular weight polymer H is such that the single chain of styrene (S 1) is 87% by weight and the long chain of 8 or more styrenes (S 8) is 0.1% by weight based on the amount of bound styrene. there were.
- Polymerization was carried out under the same conditions as in Production Example 1 except that 168 g of styrene, 352 g of 1,3-butadiene, 6.5 mmol of tetramethylethylenediamine, 5.5 mmol of n-butyllithium and 280 g of post-added butadiene were used. After the completion of the polymerization reaction, 0.5 mmol of tin tetrachloride was added as a coupling agent, and the reaction was carried out for 60 minutes. Thereafter, 4.0 millimoles of N-methyl-1-potassium prolactam was further added as a denaturing agent and reacted for 30 minutes.
- the gen-based rubber of the present invention has remarkably improved abrasion resistance, rebound resilience and hardness at low temperature, and also has sufficiently improved workability. It can also be seen that increasing the weight-average molecular weight ratio (M 2 ZM 1) further improves wear resistance, rebound resilience, low-temperature hardness and workability.
- M 2 ZM 1 weight-average molecular weight ratio
- a liquid rubber blend using terminal-modified polymer A
- the processability is extremely poor.
- the molecular weight of the high molecular weight polymer is not sufficiently high (using the modified & high polymer K)
- abrasion resistance is obtained. And that the rebound resilience is not excellent.
- Terminal modified polymers (L, N and P to S) and high molecular weight polymers (M, 0) having different styrene amounts and 1,2-bond amounts shown in Tables 2, 3 and 4 produced according to Production Examples 1 and 2 And T), a gen-based rubber was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, a compounded rubber composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and the vulcanized product was evaluated. The results are shown in Tables 2, 3 and 4. Tables 2, 3 and 4 show that the terminally modified polymers with different Tg It can be seen that the effect of the present invention is exhibited even when a high molecular weight polymer is used. Table 2
- Gen-based rubbers were produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the mixing ratio of the terminal-modified polymer D and the high-molecular-weight polymer 1H was changed, and the vulcanization properties were examined in the same manner as in Example 1. Table 5 shows the results.
- Table 5 shows that the combined effect of the modified polymer and the high molecular weight polymer is synergistic. That is, the processability is sufficiently improved by using the terminal-modified polymer and the high-molecular-weight polymer in combination with each other alone, and the abrasion resistance, rebound resilience, and the like are each higher than those alone. A sufficient improvement effect was observed at any of the evaluated mixing ratios, and a greater improvement was observed particularly at a mixing ratio of the terminal-modified polymer of 50% by weight or less.
- Example 5 The reinforcing agent was changed to silica.
- the gen-based rubber of Example 4 as the raw rubber, based on the formulation shown in Table 6, in a 250 ml Brabender mixer, the total amount of the raw rubber, half of the sily force and silane cap
- Example 4 Using the gen-based rubber of Example 4 (mixture of terminal modified polymer D and high molecular weight polymer H) and branched and modified polymer K, it was combined with natural rubber, emulsion-polymerized styrene-butadiene rubber and Z or high cis polybutene A base rubber composition using the obtained rubber as a raw rubber component was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, and the vulcanized product was evaluated. The results are shown in Tables 7, 8 and 9. 7
- the high-molecular-weight gen-based rubber (U) is a copolymer of a conjugated gen and an aromatic vinyl, and the gen-based rubber according to any one of (1) to (11), 1 &).
- the gen-based rubber (ffi) according to any one of (1) to (13), wherein the high-molecular-weight gen-based rubber (ii) is a branched polymer.
- the branched polymer is a polymer which has been subjected to at least 10% by weight of force by a multifunctional printing agent.
- a polyfunctional force coupling agent is the general formula R P MX 4 - P, M 'X 2, X 3 M one R'- MX 3 or X 2 RM- R'- MRX 2 (where, M is S i , Ge, Sn or Pb, M 'is Sn or Pb, X is chlorine, bromine or iodine, R is an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an aryl group or an aryl group, and R' is an alkylene group or a phenylene And p represents an integer of 0 to 4.)
- the weight average molecular weight of the modified diene rubber (Micromax,) and the ratio of the weight average molecular weight of the high molecular weight Jefferies emissions based rubber (Micromax 2) is, Micromax 2 Micromax, a relationship of> 3.2 (1) - ( 17) Gen-based rubber according to any one of (1) to (6).
- Aromatic vinyl single-chain consisting of one aromatic vinyl bonding unit (S 1) containing at least 40% by weight of the amount of aromatic vinyl bonded and aromatic consisting of 8 or more aromatic vinyl bonding units The gen-based rubber (ffi) according to (20), wherein the content of the long vinyl chain (S8) is 5% by weight or less of the amount of the bound aromatic vinyl.
- a high-molecular-weight gen-based rubber is anion-polymerized with a conjugated gen or conjugated gen and aromatic vinyl using an initiator based on an active metal in a hydrocarbon solvent, and then force-coupled with a polyfunctional silane coupling agent.
- a rubber composition comprising, as a rubber component, at least 10% by weight of the gen-based rubber according to any one of (1) to (27).
- the gen-based rubber of the present invention and the rubber composition containing the same exhibit excellent properties such as abrasion resistance, rebound resilience, processability, and low-temperature properties. Therefore, various applications utilizing such properties, such as treads and carcass For tires such as tires, side walls, beads, etc., or for rubber products such as hoses, window frames, belts, anti-vibration rubber, automobile parts, and impact-resistant polystyrene It is possible to use a resin such as an ABS resin as a reinforcing rubber.
- the gen-based rubber and rubber composition of the present invention are particularly excellent in tire tread of fuel-efficient tires due to the above-mentioned properties, but are also suitable for all season tires, high performance tires, studless tires and other treads, and tires. Can be used for wall, under-tread, carcass, bead part, etc. Also, it has excellent hardness at low temperature, so it is good for use in winter.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE69514827T DE69514827T2 (de) | 1994-11-24 | 1995-11-24 | Diengummi, verfahren zu seiner herstellung und gummizusammensetzung |
JP51673996A JP3456654B2 (ja) | 1994-11-24 | 1995-11-24 | ジエン系ゴム、その製造方法及びゴム組成物 |
US08/836,856 US5902856A (en) | 1994-11-24 | 1995-11-24 | Rubber composition of two diene rubbers |
EP95937177A EP0794224B1 (en) | 1994-11-24 | 1995-11-24 | Diene rubber, process for producing the same, and rubber composition |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP31401994 | 1994-11-24 | ||
JP6/314019 | 1994-11-24 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1996016118A1 true WO1996016118A1 (fr) | 1996-05-30 |
Family
ID=18048229
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP1995/002395 WO1996016118A1 (fr) | 1994-11-24 | 1995-11-24 | Caoutchouc dienique, procede de production et composition dudit caoutchouc |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5902856A (ja) |
EP (1) | EP0794224B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP3456654B2 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE69514827T2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO1996016118A1 (ja) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2006093051A1 (ja) * | 2005-03-04 | 2006-09-08 | Bridgestone Corporation | ゴム組成物及びそれを用いたタイヤ |
WO2006093048A1 (ja) * | 2005-03-04 | 2006-09-08 | Bridgestone Corporation | ゴム組成物及びそれを用いた空気入りタイヤ |
JP2006241355A (ja) * | 2005-03-04 | 2006-09-14 | Bridgestone Corp | ゴム組成物及びそれを用いた空気入りタイヤ |
JP2007039614A (ja) * | 2005-08-05 | 2007-02-15 | Bridgestone Corp | ゴム組成物及びそれを用いた空気入りタイヤ |
JP2008143952A (ja) * | 2006-12-06 | 2008-06-26 | Bridgestone Corp | ゴム組成物及びそれを用いた空気入りタイヤ |
US7868081B2 (en) | 2005-03-04 | 2011-01-11 | Bridgestone Corporation | Rubber composition and tire using same |
JP4997100B2 (ja) * | 2005-03-14 | 2012-08-08 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | ゴム組成物及びそれを用いた空気入りタイヤ |
Families Citing this family (47)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2333298B (en) * | 1997-12-13 | 1999-09-01 | Taiwan Synthetic Rubber Corp | Rubber for a high-performance tire tread |
DE60002375T2 (de) * | 1999-02-11 | 2004-02-12 | Société de Technologie Michelin | Verbesserung der Lebensdauer eines Radialluftreifen durch Verwendung von bestimmten kohäsiven Zusammensetzungen mit geringer Hysterese |
DE60032488T2 (de) * | 1999-05-28 | 2007-09-27 | Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd. | Kautschukzusammensetzung, harzmodifizierer der diese enthält und harzzusammensetzung |
WO2001092402A1 (fr) * | 2000-05-26 | 2001-12-06 | Societe De Technologie Michelin | Composition de caoutchouc utilisable comme bande de roulement de pneumatique |
US6881795B2 (en) * | 2001-03-28 | 2005-04-19 | Firestone Polymers, Llc | CO2 terminated rubber for plastics |
US6765065B2 (en) | 2002-01-09 | 2004-07-20 | Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited | Process for producing modified polymer rubber |
US6758251B2 (en) | 2002-08-21 | 2004-07-06 | The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company | Pneumatic tire having a component containing high trans styrene-butadiene rubber |
US6889737B2 (en) * | 2002-12-05 | 2005-05-10 | The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company | Pneumatic tire having a component containing high trans styrene-butadiene rubber |
JP4057466B2 (ja) * | 2003-05-27 | 2008-03-05 | 住友ゴム工業株式会社 | タイヤトレッド用ゴム組成物およびそれを用いたタイヤ |
US20050061418A1 (en) * | 2003-08-25 | 2005-03-24 | Bates Kenneth Allen | Pneumatic tire having a component containing high trans isoprene-butadiene rubber |
TW200602430A (en) * | 2004-03-03 | 2006-01-16 | Jsr Corp | Rubber composition |
CN101128519A (zh) * | 2005-01-14 | 2008-02-20 | 费尔斯通聚合物有限责任公司 | 抑制嵌段共聚物附聚的方法 |
JP5350577B2 (ja) * | 2005-09-15 | 2013-11-27 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | ゴム組成物およびそれを用いたタイヤ |
JP2007169431A (ja) * | 2005-12-21 | 2007-07-05 | Sumitomo Rubber Ind Ltd | サイドウォール用ゴム組成物 |
JP2009544806A (ja) * | 2006-07-25 | 2009-12-17 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | 官能化ポリマー |
US7875671B2 (en) | 2006-08-03 | 2011-01-25 | Bridgestone Corporation | Process for preparing filler-dispersed polymeric compositions |
EP1916261B1 (en) * | 2006-10-26 | 2010-12-15 | Bridgestone Corporation | Hydrazine functionalized polymer |
US8716409B2 (en) * | 2006-12-29 | 2014-05-06 | Firestone Polymers, Llc | Carboxylate terminated polymers and their use in impact-modified plastics |
US8063165B2 (en) | 2007-06-18 | 2011-11-22 | Bridgestone Corporation | Functional polymers prepared with sulfur-containing initiators |
US7879958B2 (en) | 2007-08-07 | 2011-02-01 | Bridgestone Corporation | Polyhydroxy compounds as polymerization quenching agents |
DE102007060859A1 (de) * | 2007-12-18 | 2009-06-25 | Continental Aktiengesellschaft | Kautschukmischung, insbesondere für Fahrzeugreifen |
WO2009086477A2 (en) * | 2007-12-28 | 2009-07-09 | Bridgestone Corporation | Functionalized polymer and methods for making and using |
JP5259239B2 (ja) * | 2008-04-21 | 2013-08-07 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | ゴム組成物及びそれを用いたタイヤ |
US20110077325A1 (en) | 2009-09-30 | 2011-03-31 | Bridgestone Corporation | Functionalized polymers and methods for their manufacture |
WO2011087841A1 (en) | 2009-12-22 | 2011-07-21 | Bridgestone Corporation | Improved vinyl modifier composition and processes for utilizing such composition |
WO2011082098A1 (en) | 2009-12-30 | 2011-07-07 | The Rockefeller University | Lysine and arginine methyltransferase inhibitors for treating cancer |
CN107236061B (zh) | 2010-12-30 | 2020-08-07 | 株式会社普利司通 | 氨基硅烷引发剂及由其制备的官能化聚合物 |
EP2690135B1 (en) * | 2011-03-24 | 2015-05-06 | JSR Corporation | Rubber composition and manufacturing process therefor, and tire |
CN103732672B (zh) | 2011-08-03 | 2016-01-20 | 住友橡胶工业株式会社 | 橡胶组合物及充气轮胎 |
US9120890B2 (en) | 2011-11-24 | 2015-09-01 | Sumitomo Rubber Industries, Ltd. | Rubber composition and pneumatic tire |
EP2749593B1 (en) | 2011-11-24 | 2016-09-21 | Sumitomo Rubber Industries, Ltd. | Rubber composition and pneumatic tire |
CN103946299B (zh) | 2011-11-24 | 2018-10-09 | 住友橡胶工业株式会社 | 橡胶组合物以及充气轮胎 |
KR20140097219A (ko) | 2011-11-24 | 2014-08-06 | 스미토모 고무 고교 가부시키가이샤 | 고무 조성물 및 공기 타이어 |
TWI585115B (zh) | 2011-12-15 | 2017-06-01 | 普利司通股份有限公司 | 經穩定之多價陰離子聚合反應引發劑及其製備方法 |
US9340663B2 (en) | 2011-12-19 | 2016-05-17 | Sumitomo Rubber Industries, Ltd. | Rubber composition for tire, and pneumatic tire |
JP6050253B2 (ja) | 2011-12-26 | 2016-12-21 | 住友ゴム工業株式会社 | ゴム組成物及び空気入りタイヤ |
JP6050254B2 (ja) | 2011-12-26 | 2016-12-21 | 住友ゴム工業株式会社 | ゴム組成物及び空気入りタイヤ |
EP2818505B1 (en) * | 2012-02-22 | 2017-02-01 | Sumitomo Rubber Industries, Ltd. | Tire rubber composition and pneumatic tire |
SG11201407010RA (en) | 2012-05-01 | 2014-11-27 | Bridgestone Corp | Polydienes and diene copolymers having organophosphine functionality |
JP5737324B2 (ja) * | 2013-05-02 | 2015-06-17 | 横浜ゴム株式会社 | タイヤ用ゴム組成物 |
KR102301066B1 (ko) | 2013-12-12 | 2021-09-14 | 화이어스톤 폴리머스, 엘엘씨 | 작용화된 중합체를 포함하는 중합체 조성물의 제조 방법 |
US10519266B2 (en) | 2015-09-23 | 2019-12-31 | Bridgestone Corporation | Polydienes and diene copolymers using 1,1-bis(hydrocarbylthio)hydrocarbyl-1-ene compounds |
KR101817435B1 (ko) * | 2016-07-29 | 2018-01-10 | 금호타이어 주식회사 | Sbr 고무 및 이를 이용한 타이어 |
US10730985B2 (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2020-08-04 | Bridgestone Corporation | Functionalized polymer, process for preparing and rubber compositions containing the functionalized polymer |
US10919989B2 (en) | 2017-10-20 | 2021-02-16 | Iowa State University Research Foundation, Inc. | End group functionalization agents for polydiene |
EP3724244B1 (en) | 2017-12-15 | 2024-02-21 | Bridgestone Corporation | Functionalized polymer, process for preparing and rubber compositions containing the functionalized polymer |
CN113677719B (zh) | 2019-03-10 | 2024-12-27 | 株式会社普利司通 | 改性的高顺式聚二烯聚合物、相关方法和橡胶组合物 |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS57200430A (en) * | 1981-06-03 | 1982-12-08 | Yokohama Rubber Co Ltd:The | Rubber composition for tire tread and production thereof |
JPS61271338A (ja) * | 1985-05-25 | 1986-12-01 | Nippon Erasutomaa Kk | ランダムスチレン−ブタジエン共重合体組成物 |
JPH03190944A (ja) * | 1989-12-20 | 1991-08-20 | Nippon Zeon Co Ltd | 耐摩耗性ゴム組成物 |
JPH04277537A (ja) * | 1991-03-05 | 1992-10-02 | Bridgestone Corp | 空気入りタイヤ |
JPH04277539A (ja) * | 1991-03-05 | 1992-10-02 | Bridgestone Corp | 空気入りタイヤ |
JPH0665418A (ja) * | 1991-10-08 | 1994-03-08 | Yokohama Rubber Co Ltd:The | タイヤトレッド用ゴム組成物 |
JPH06316650A (ja) * | 1992-01-29 | 1994-11-15 | Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd | ゴム組成物 |
JPH0753784A (ja) * | 1993-08-11 | 1995-02-28 | Yokohama Rubber Co Ltd:The | タイヤトレッド用ゴム組成物 |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5017636A (en) * | 1987-10-09 | 1991-05-21 | Japan Synthetic Rubber Co., Ltd. | Rubber compositions from modified trans-polybutadiene and rubber for tires |
US5470929A (en) * | 1993-03-29 | 1995-11-28 | The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company | Process for synthesizing styrene-isoprene rubber |
-
1995
- 1995-11-24 WO PCT/JP1995/002395 patent/WO1996016118A1/ja active IP Right Grant
- 1995-11-24 US US08/836,856 patent/US5902856A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-11-24 EP EP95937177A patent/EP0794224B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-11-24 DE DE69514827T patent/DE69514827T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-11-24 JP JP51673996A patent/JP3456654B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS57200430A (en) * | 1981-06-03 | 1982-12-08 | Yokohama Rubber Co Ltd:The | Rubber composition for tire tread and production thereof |
JPS61271338A (ja) * | 1985-05-25 | 1986-12-01 | Nippon Erasutomaa Kk | ランダムスチレン−ブタジエン共重合体組成物 |
JPH03190944A (ja) * | 1989-12-20 | 1991-08-20 | Nippon Zeon Co Ltd | 耐摩耗性ゴム組成物 |
JPH04277537A (ja) * | 1991-03-05 | 1992-10-02 | Bridgestone Corp | 空気入りタイヤ |
JPH04277539A (ja) * | 1991-03-05 | 1992-10-02 | Bridgestone Corp | 空気入りタイヤ |
JPH0665418A (ja) * | 1991-10-08 | 1994-03-08 | Yokohama Rubber Co Ltd:The | タイヤトレッド用ゴム組成物 |
JPH06316650A (ja) * | 1992-01-29 | 1994-11-15 | Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd | ゴム組成物 |
JPH0753784A (ja) * | 1993-08-11 | 1995-02-28 | Yokohama Rubber Co Ltd:The | タイヤトレッド用ゴム組成物 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of EP0794224A4 * |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2006093051A1 (ja) * | 2005-03-04 | 2006-09-08 | Bridgestone Corporation | ゴム組成物及びそれを用いたタイヤ |
WO2006093048A1 (ja) * | 2005-03-04 | 2006-09-08 | Bridgestone Corporation | ゴム組成物及びそれを用いた空気入りタイヤ |
JP2006241358A (ja) * | 2005-03-04 | 2006-09-14 | Bridgestone Corp | ゴム組成物及びそれを用いたタイヤ |
JP2006241355A (ja) * | 2005-03-04 | 2006-09-14 | Bridgestone Corp | ゴム組成物及びそれを用いた空気入りタイヤ |
US7868081B2 (en) | 2005-03-04 | 2011-01-11 | Bridgestone Corporation | Rubber composition and tire using same |
US8030406B2 (en) | 2005-03-04 | 2011-10-04 | Bridgestone Corporation | Rubber composition and pneumatic tire using the same |
JP4997100B2 (ja) * | 2005-03-14 | 2012-08-08 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | ゴム組成物及びそれを用いた空気入りタイヤ |
US8800615B2 (en) | 2005-03-14 | 2014-08-12 | Bridgestone Corporation | Rubber composition and pneumatic tire using the same |
JP2007039614A (ja) * | 2005-08-05 | 2007-02-15 | Bridgestone Corp | ゴム組成物及びそれを用いた空気入りタイヤ |
JP2008143952A (ja) * | 2006-12-06 | 2008-06-26 | Bridgestone Corp | ゴム組成物及びそれを用いた空気入りタイヤ |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE69514827D1 (de) | 2000-03-02 |
EP0794224A1 (en) | 1997-09-10 |
US5902856A (en) | 1999-05-11 |
DE69514827T2 (de) | 2000-05-18 |
JP3456654B2 (ja) | 2003-10-14 |
EP0794224B1 (en) | 2000-01-26 |
EP0794224A4 (en) | 1998-11-25 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
WO1996016118A1 (fr) | Caoutchouc dienique, procede de production et composition dudit caoutchouc | |
US7045578B2 (en) | Oil extended rubber and rubber composition | |
JP3622803B2 (ja) | ゴム組成物 | |
JP3933966B2 (ja) | ジエン系ゴム、その製造方法、ならびにゴム組成物、その製造方法および架橋物 | |
JP4031531B2 (ja) | ジエン系重合体組成物、その製造方法、及びそれを含むゴム組成物 | |
JP5265202B2 (ja) | ゴム組成物及びそれを用いた空気入りタイヤ | |
JP3601559B2 (ja) | ジエン系ゴム組成物 | |
JPH0987426A (ja) | ゴム組成物の製造方法 | |
CN113382882B (zh) | 氢化共轭二烯系聚合物、聚合物组合物、交联体及轮胎 | |
JP3711598B2 (ja) | 変性ジエン系重合体ゴムの製造方法 | |
WO2019172185A1 (ja) | 変性液状ジエン系重合体およびゴム組成物 | |
JP2003155380A (ja) | ゴム組成物 | |
WO2019044888A1 (ja) | タイヤ用ゴム組成物 | |
JPH07233285A (ja) | ゴム組成物 | |
JP2005344039A (ja) | 変性ジエン系重合体ゴム、その製造方法及びゴム組成物 | |
WO2020158678A1 (ja) | ゴム組成物、架橋体及びタイヤ | |
US20020045699A1 (en) | Solution rubbers having nonpolar side groups | |
US6518369B2 (en) | Rubber mixes containing polyether/diolefin rubbers and use thereof in particular for the production of tires with low rolling resistance | |
JP2019094390A (ja) | 変性共役ジエン系重合体の製造方法、重合体組成物、架橋体及びタイヤ | |
JP3951755B2 (ja) | ゴム組成物 | |
WO2017086208A1 (ja) | 水添共役ジエン系重合体の製造方法、水添共役ジエン系重合体、重合体組成物、架橋重合体及びタイヤ | |
JP2020196803A (ja) | 変性共役ジエン系重合体の製造方法、変性共役ジエン系重合体、重合体組成物、架橋体及びタイヤ | |
EP3269744B1 (en) | Modified conjugated diene polymer, method for producing modified conjugated diene polymer, polymer composition, crosslinked polymer, and tire | |
JP3972656B2 (ja) | 変性ジエン系重合体ゴム、その製造方法及びゴム組成物 | |
JP3972672B2 (ja) | 変性ジエン系重合体ゴム、その製造方法及びゴム組成物 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): JP US |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE |
|
DFPE | Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101) | ||
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 1995937177 Country of ref document: EP Ref document number: 08836856 Country of ref document: US |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 1995937177 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWG | Wipo information: grant in national office |
Ref document number: 1995937177 Country of ref document: EP |