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WO1996013180A1 - Machine a parer les legumes - Google Patents

Machine a parer les legumes Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1996013180A1
WO1996013180A1 PCT/GB1995/002522 GB9502522W WO9613180A1 WO 1996013180 A1 WO1996013180 A1 WO 1996013180A1 GB 9502522 W GB9502522 W GB 9502522W WO 9613180 A1 WO9613180 A1 WO 9613180A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
machine according
trimming machine
vegetable
vegetable trimming
blades
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB1995/002522
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Jonathan King
Original Assignee
Vatina Services Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=10763442&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=WO1996013180(A1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Vatina Services Limited filed Critical Vatina Services Limited
Priority to GB9708211A priority Critical patent/GB2309156B/en
Priority to AU37055/95A priority patent/AU3705595A/en
Publication of WO1996013180A1 publication Critical patent/WO1996013180A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23N—MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR TREATING HARVESTED FRUIT, VEGETABLES OR FLOWER BULBS IN BULK, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PEELING VEGETABLES OR FRUIT IN BULK; APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ANIMAL FEEDING- STUFFS
    • A23N15/00—Machines or apparatus for other treatment of fruits or vegetables for human purposes; Machines or apparatus for topping or skinning flower bulbs
    • A23N15/003—Machines or apparatus for other treatment of fruits or vegetables for human purposes; Machines or apparatus for topping or skinning flower bulbs for trimming cauliflowers, broccoli or cabbages

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a vegetable trimming machine for trimming off unwanted parts of vegetables, for example the stalk from cauliflower and calabrese (broccoli).
  • Vegetables such as calabrese and cauliflower are typically harvested as a head containing a body of stalk which, for many applications, for example for sup ⁇ ply frozen, needs to be trimmed off. This can be done manually, but at a prohibi- tive cost.
  • Various machines have therefore been developed to carry out the trimming operation on a production-line basis.
  • a pair of shaped knives are moved obliquely to ⁇ wards each other to scoop out the centre of the vegetable head and then retracted to permit the operation to be repeated.
  • This machine has several disadvantages. Firstly, the relatively slow oblique scooping action of the knives necessitates stop ⁇ ping the movement of the conveyor carrying the vegetable heads in cups fixed thereto while the cutting action takes place. This limits the speed of the machine and, if the synchronisation of movement is not perfect, poor trimming or damage to the cups and/or the knives can result. Further, the trimmed stalk material has to be separated from the desired product, the cauliflower or calabrese florets, by hand. Since the knives can move in a straight line oblique to the surface of the conveyor, the trimming action is not symmetrical, making it difficult to achieve an optimum shape of cut to minimise wastage.
  • the weight of the product may be smaller than it need be, and since the producer is paid according to the weight, money can be lost. Additionally, a greater weight of waste material (the trimmed off stalks) has to be disposed of, which can incur a fur ⁇ ther cost penalty. On the other hand, if too little is trimmed off, the customer may value the product less highly or even reject it.
  • a vegetable trimming machine comprising a movable cutting head having a pair of curved blades having co- operable cutting edges, the blades being mounted one within the other so as to be rotatable about a common axis, and means being provided to rotate the blades be ⁇ tween a cutting position in which the cutting edges of the blades overlap and a rest position in which the cutting edges are substantially angularly spaced apart.
  • each blade generally conforms with a segment of a spherical sur ⁇ face, although they may be elliptical.
  • the blades are preferably smooth-edged, but may be ridged or otherwise profiled so as to give a decorative cut.
  • the blades extend over 180° in a plane through which the common axis extends, they occupy only a relatively small angle in a plane perpendicular to the common axis.
  • the blades each occupy approximately a third of the surface of a sphere.
  • the blades are preferably rotated by means of a single actuator, for example a pneumatic ram, via a pair of pivoted links connected to extension arms extend ⁇ ing from the blades on the sides opposite to the cutting edges and around the spherical surface. Where the blades occupy substantially a third of the surface of the sphere, separate levers may be driven by separate actuators to rotate the blades into and out of the cutting position.
  • a single actuator for example a pneumatic ram
  • the cutting head is preferably mounted on a reciprocable frame above a moving belt carrying cups for receiving the vegetable material to be trimmed.
  • the frame is arranged to bring the head down on to a cup to enable the head to per ⁇ form the trimming action and then lift it clear to a position in which the trimmed off matter can be deposited for disposal.
  • the reciprocable frame may be mounted on a parallelogram frame driven by a means to generate reciprocating motion, which means may comprise reciprocating arms drivingly connected to a crank which is driven by suitable drive means, the said drive means being adapted to synchronise the motion of the cutting heads mounted on the reciprocating frame with the position of the means to receive the vegetable material to be trimmed.
  • the drive means is the conveyor drive.
  • the operation of the cutting action of the blades is synchronised with the reciprocation of the reciprocable frame and the position of the means to receive the vegetable material to be trimmed by suitable means, such as switches activated by a cam linked to the conveyor drive.
  • At least one counter balance is attached by suitable connection means to the reciprocable frame so as to reduce the load on the reciprocating drive.
  • the or each at least one counter balance is attached by the suitable connection means to a point on the reciprocable frame which counter balances any imbalance in weight of the reciprocable frame caused by the mounting of components such as the cutting means thereon.
  • a means to smooth the reciprocation of the reciprocable frame may be provided and may be a ram, such as an air ram, which acts upon the parallelogram frame.
  • the machine may comprise mounting means to permit each cutting head to slide vertically, and means for sliding the head vertically up and down.
  • a resil ⁇ ient mounting may be provided for the means for sliding the head vertically up and down.
  • the mounting means preferably comprise a guide rail and at least one guide roller engageable thereon.
  • means are provided for detecting the size of the vegetable material, for example a head of calabrese or cauliflower, and for adjusting the movement of the cutting head in accordance with the detected size to vary the cut achieved.
  • the machine may be provided with two cutting heads of different sizes, operable alternatively according to the detected size of the vegetable material. For example, if the material falls within a smaller first range of sizes, the smaller of the two cutting heads is caused to operate and the larger head is not operated, but if the material falls within a larger second range of sizes, the larger head is operated and the smaller head re ⁇ mains inactive.
  • timing means may be provided to vary the delay between the detection of the size and the operation of the cutting head.
  • the detecting means may comprise a detec- tor arm which travels over the surface of the vegetable heads on the conveyor, the movement of the arm being translated into a control signal by means of a rheostat or discrete position sensors, for example.
  • optical, ultrasonic or any suitable electronic detection means may be employed.
  • the detection means may be arrange to measure the height of the vegetable head above the cup in which it is held, and / or the width of the vegetable head.
  • Each cutting head is preferably mounted so as to be vertically slidable, and means are provided for sliding the head up and down to bring it into and out of the position in which cutting takes place.
  • Such means suitably takes the form of a pneumatic ram.
  • two rams are used, connected in se ⁇ ries, the main ram giving the overall movement and the second ram providing an adjusting increment to vary the operating height of the cutting head selectively, preferably as a function of the vegetable size detected by the size detecting means.
  • the second ram is in the form of a double- ended ram operable in differing increments at the opposite ends, in order to achieve a wider range of steps of adjustment.
  • one end may provide an extension of 5mm and the other end may provide an extension of 10mm, giv- ing, in combination, adjustment steps of 5, 10 and 15 mm.
  • Different increments may be used, and more than one incremental double-ended ram may be used to give a wider variation or smaller increments over the same range.
  • the increments may be provided by a single ram the extension of which is con ⁇ trolled by magnetic sensors which are connected to a suitable control means.
  • individually-slidable shims may be used to limit the travel of the main ram in an incremental manner, movement of the shims being controlled by means of individ ⁇ ual actuators, for example pneumatic rams.
  • actuators than pneumatic rams may be employed to control the movement of the components of the cutting head.
  • electrical sole ⁇ noids may be suitable.
  • Figure 1 is a front elevation of the lower part of a cutting head, with the cutting blades in their closed position;
  • Figure 2 is a side elevation corresponding to Figure 1 ;
  • Figure 3 is a side elevation showing the cutting blades partially open;
  • Figure 4 is a part-sectioned view showing the action of the cutting head on a vegetable head in a holding cup of a conveyor belt on the machine;
  • Figure 5 is a side view showing the mounting of the cutting head in relation to the conveyor
  • Figure 6 is a side view showing the remainder of the reciprocating mounting of the cutting head
  • Figure 7 shows a side view of an alternative design of cutting head
  • FIGS. 8 and 9 show side and front elevations respectively of the cutting head and mounting assembly according to an alternative embodiment of the invention. Detailed Description of the Illustrated Embodiments
  • the cutting head comprises a pair of parallel side support arms 1 having a pair of cutting blades 2 rotatably mounted between them so that one is a close sliding fit within the other.
  • Each of the blades 2 is semicircular when viewed from the front ( Figure 1) and is mounted on common pivot pins 3 substantially along the diameter.
  • Each blade 2 has a fixed arm 4 ex ⁇ tending from its centre point around substantially a quarter circle when viewed from the side ( Figures 2 and 3), the arms 4 being on opposite sides of the blades 2.
  • each arm 4 is connected to a central rod 5 extending vertically between the side support arms by a respective pivotal link 6, so that pulling on the central rod 5 draws the blades outwardly and upwardly away from each other, through the posi ⁇ tion illustrated in Figure 3 until they reach a maximum opening with each extend ⁇ ing substantially at 90° to the side support arms.
  • the central rod is connected to a pneumatic ram 7 to permit the blades to be opened and closed rapidly to perform a trimming action and then to release the trimmed off stalk at the desired position, as hereinafter described.
  • Figure 4 shows a head of calabrese 8 carried in a cup 9 attached to a con ⁇ veyor 10 forming part of the machine.
  • a main transverse beam 11, described in more detail hereinafter with reference to Figure 6, mounts a carriage 12 to which are attached two pairs of vertically spaced apart guide rollers 14, each roller of a pair being horizontally spaced apart sufficiently to slidingly hold a guide rail 13 therebetween.
  • Guide rail 13 is attached to one side of a vertical member 18, the other side of which is at ⁇ tached to the cutting head.
  • a pair of vertical pneumatic rams 15 and 16 in series are mounted on the carriage 12 and act on an arm 17 extending from the cutting head to lift or lower the head relative to the carriage.
  • the first ram 15 provides the greater part of the movement of the cutting head relative to the carriage, as herein ⁇ before described, while the second ram 16 is a double-ended ram giving two differ ⁇ ent increments of extension providing in combination four incremental height adjustment steps.
  • the first ram 15 is resiliently mounted on carriage 12 by means a spring member 19.
  • the beam 11 is arranged to move in a reciprocating arc move- ment, as described with reference to Figure 6 and as indicated by the arrow A, so as to be movable down on to the vegetable head 8 held in the cup 9 and, after clo ⁇ sure of the blades to cut the stalk from the vegetable head, retractable upwardly and forwardly of the machine relative to the direction of movement of the con ⁇ veyor 10, so as to lift the cut stalk away from the cup 9 and deposit it on a separate chute or conveyor 19 for disposal.
  • the cutting head has been lifted fully relative to the beam 11 , and the blades are at their fully-open position to release the stalk.
  • the trimmed vegetable product is discharged from the cups 9 at the end of the conveyor 10 into a receiving container.
  • Figure 6 shows the support structure for the beam 11.
  • a main carrying frame 20 is mounted beneath the conveyor 10 and has three pairs of vertically- extending posts 21, 22 and 23, the front pair 21 of which carry the beam 11 , while the middle pair 22 carry a similar beam 24 which mounts a second cutting head.
  • the beams 11 and 24 are carried on jacks permitting minor overall cutting height adjustments to be made, the jacks being operated simultaneously by means of a chain drive running between them (not shown).
  • the main carrying frame 20 is in turn mounted on a parallelogram frame arrangement 25 driven by reciprocating arms 26 from cranks 27 driven by the con ⁇ veyor drive so as to ensure that the motion of the cutting heads mounted on the frame 20 via the beams 11 and 24 is synchronised with the position of the cups 9 on the conveyor 10.
  • Synchronisation of the operation of the ram 15 may readily be achieved by means of switches activated by a cam linked to the conveyor drive or by means of magnetic switches triggered by components of the drive. Other triggering means will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
  • a counter balance 50 is attached by means of a cable and pulley wheels to a point A on the carrying frame.
  • the counter balance is approximately half the weight of the carrying frame 20.
  • the carrying frame 20 is front heavy, indicated by arrow E, due to the position of the cutting heads on the carrying frame.
  • By attach ⁇ ing the counter balance 50 via the cable at point A the weight indicated by arrow E can be counter balanced and the effective balance point of the carrying frame 20 brought back to point F. This reduces the load on the reciprocating drive mechanism.
  • the counter balance 50 slides up and down in a guide means which is fixed with respect to the reciprocating carrying frame 20, and which may take the form of a collar or the like.
  • Two of the described counter balances may be provided, one on each side of the machine.
  • An air ram 40 supplied at a pressure of approximately 25 psi, to smooth the reciprocating motion of the reciprocable carrying frame 20 is provided, and is attached at one of its ends to the parallelogram frame and at the other end to a plate 41 which is fixed with respect to the reciprocating carrying frame 20.
  • the size of the vegetable heads in the cups is detected by means of a sprung arm 28 which rides over the heads and is lifted according to the size.
  • the arm 28, which is mounted on a beam extending between the posts 23, is provided with a damping cylinder 29 to prevent false indications through bouncing, and provides control signals by means of magnetic switches, micros witches, a rheostat, optical limit switches or the like, the control signals then controlling operation of the incremental height adjustment rams of the cutting heads, and/or selecting which of two different cutting heads is to be operated when a cutting head with larger cutting blades is mounted on the middle beam 24. Since the two cutting heads are spaced apart along the conveyor, the control signal will need to be elec ⁇ tronically timed to ensure that the appropriate cutting head is operated to trim the vegetable head to which the control signal relates.
  • the cutting head hereinbefore described produces excellent results, the opening of the blades is limited to approximately 180°, and for some shapes and sizes of vegetable head, a wider opening is desirable.
  • the cutting head illus ⁇ trated in Figure 7 permits an opening, in side view, of up to 240° by using two cutting blades 70 each of which is approximately a third of a spherical surface, piv- otally mounted between side arms 71, one of the blades 70 being fixed to the pivot pin 72, which is freely rotatable in the arm 71 and has a control arm 73 fixed to the outer end thereof.
  • the control arm 73 is pivotally connected to a link 74 which is in turn connected to a pneumatic ram (not shown).
  • the other blade 70 is freely rotatably mounted on the pin 72 and has a control arm 75 fixed thereto, the control arm 75 being linked to a respective pneumatic ram by a link 76. Retrac ⁇ tion of the pneumatic rams causes the blades to rotate to a position in which one lies substantially within the other, giving the 240° opening.
  • the pneumatic rams in the embodiment as described are arranged vertically, it will be appreciated that horizontal rams mounted near to the control arms 73 and 75 may be used instead.
  • the cutting head is comprised of two blades 60 each of which is approximately a quarter of a spherical surface and has a cutting edge 61.
  • the blades co-operate to hold the portion of the cut stalk which, as previously described, is deposited in a separate chute or conveyor 19.
  • the machine may comprise several sets of cutting heads mounted side-by-side on the beams 11 and 24, with corresponding size detec ⁇ tors for each, so that several conveyors can be side-by-side, or a single conveyor having several sets of cups side-by-side, in order to maximise throughput of the machine, since it is possible for the operator to load the vegetable heads into the cups faster than a single cutting head can be operated to trim them.
  • the machine of the invention offers accurately-shaped cutting with a high degree of control, ensuring that the resulting product conforms closely with the de- sired specification with the minimum of wastage. It is envisaged that a machine in accordance with the invention may alternatively be mounted in the mobile har ⁇ vester so that the cut heads are trimmed immediately after separation from the plants, the waste being returned straight on to the field, to be ploughed in, for ex ⁇ ample, thus reducing the waste disposal problems.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)

Abstract

Cette machine à parer les légumes comprend une tête coupante mobile possédant une paire de lames (2, 60) courbes, pourvues de bords coupants pouvant être actionnés en même temps, et montées l'une dans l'autre de manière à pouvoir être tournées autour d'un axe commun, ainsi que des moyens (7) destinés à faire tourner les lames (2, 60) entre une position coupante dans laquelle les bords coupants des lames (2, 60) se chevauchent et une position de repos dans laquelle ces bords sont sensiblement espacés, de façon angulaire. Des têtes de légumes sont placées dans des coupes (9) fixées sur une bande transporteuse (10), et la tête destinée à parer les légumes est montée dans un cadre (20) doté d'un mouvement alternatif, installé au-dessus de la bande transporteuse (10) et qui déplace ladite tête entre une position où elle pare les légumes et une position où elle rejette les morceaux coupés.
PCT/GB1995/002522 1994-10-26 1995-10-26 Machine a parer les legumes WO1996013180A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9708211A GB2309156B (en) 1994-10-26 1995-10-26 Vegetable trimming machine
AU37055/95A AU3705595A (en) 1994-10-26 1995-10-26 Vegetable trimming machine

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9421592 1994-10-26
GB9421592.8 1994-10-26

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1996013180A1 true WO1996013180A1 (fr) 1996-05-09

Family

ID=10763442

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB1995/002522 WO1996013180A1 (fr) 1994-10-26 1995-10-26 Machine a parer les legumes

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU3705595A (fr)
GB (1) GB2309156B (fr)
WO (1) WO1996013180A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1997013418A1 (fr) * 1995-10-07 1997-04-17 Anthony George Ellis Appareil destine a enlever le coeur d'un legume
FR2766334A1 (fr) * 1997-07-23 1999-01-29 Denis Gabriel Jean Delecroix Installation pour parer les brocolis
FR2798260A1 (fr) * 1999-09-10 2001-03-16 Abc Metal Sarl Procede et dispositif de traitement de vegetaux apres recolte
WO2008011671A1 (fr) * 2006-07-25 2008-01-31 Nazzarena Romeo Coupe-légumes
FR2974977A1 (fr) * 2011-05-10 2012-11-16 Initiatives Et De Cooperation Agricoles Soc D Dispositif pour l'enlevement automatise de trognons de vegetaux pour leur mise en fleurette

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0953297A3 (fr) 1998-04-29 2000-03-01 Vegwise Limited Appareil pour parer les légumes
CN110666868B (zh) * 2019-10-09 2020-12-08 浙江理工大学 一种具有类圆锥切割轨迹的西兰花切块去芯生产线
CN112352972B (zh) * 2020-10-16 2022-03-22 金康 一种包菜去芯切碎处理装置

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0352077A1 (fr) * 1988-07-19 1990-01-24 Anthony George Ellis Machine pour la séparation du trognon
US5102678A (en) * 1990-05-21 1992-04-07 John P. Marton Method and apparatus for producing a shaped vegetable product
EP0552902A1 (fr) * 1992-01-18 1993-07-28 David Rose Méthode et dispositif de découpe/de parage des légumes

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0352077A1 (fr) * 1988-07-19 1990-01-24 Anthony George Ellis Machine pour la séparation du trognon
US5102678A (en) * 1990-05-21 1992-04-07 John P. Marton Method and apparatus for producing a shaped vegetable product
EP0552902A1 (fr) * 1992-01-18 1993-07-28 David Rose Méthode et dispositif de découpe/de parage des légumes

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1997013418A1 (fr) * 1995-10-07 1997-04-17 Anthony George Ellis Appareil destine a enlever le coeur d'un legume
US6036989A (en) * 1995-10-07 2000-03-14 Ellis; Anthony George Vegetable core removal apparatus
FR2766334A1 (fr) * 1997-07-23 1999-01-29 Denis Gabriel Jean Delecroix Installation pour parer les brocolis
FR2798260A1 (fr) * 1999-09-10 2001-03-16 Abc Metal Sarl Procede et dispositif de traitement de vegetaux apres recolte
EP1082913A3 (fr) * 1999-09-10 2004-01-02 Abc Metal Sarl Procédé et dispositif de traitement de végétaux après récolte
WO2008011671A1 (fr) * 2006-07-25 2008-01-31 Nazzarena Romeo Coupe-légumes
FR2974977A1 (fr) * 2011-05-10 2012-11-16 Initiatives Et De Cooperation Agricoles Soc D Dispositif pour l'enlevement automatise de trognons de vegetaux pour leur mise en fleurette

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB9708211D0 (en) 1997-06-11
GB2309156B (en) 1997-12-24
AU3705595A (en) 1996-05-23
GB2309156A (en) 1997-07-23

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