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WO1996010315A1 - Serveur video utilisant des segments de canal de memoire - Google Patents

Serveur video utilisant des segments de canal de memoire Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1996010315A1
WO1996010315A1 PCT/US1995/010303 US9510303W WO9610315A1 WO 1996010315 A1 WO1996010315 A1 WO 1996010315A1 US 9510303 W US9510303 W US 9510303W WO 9610315 A1 WO9610315 A1 WO 9610315A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
video
pipe
mass storage
segment
movie
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1995/010303
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Michael H. Anderson
David B. Aune
Original Assignee
Micropolis Corporation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Micropolis Corporation filed Critical Micropolis Corporation
Publication of WO1996010315A1 publication Critical patent/WO1996010315A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N7/00—Television systems
    • H04N7/16—Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems
    • H04N7/173—Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems with two-way working, e.g. subscriber sending a programme selection signal
    • H04N7/17309—Transmission or handling of upstream communications
    • H04N7/17336—Handling of requests in head-ends
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/60—Network streaming of media packets
    • H04L65/61—Network streaming of media packets for supporting one-way streaming services, e.g. Internet radio
    • H04L65/612—Network streaming of media packets for supporting one-way streaming services, e.g. Internet radio for unicast
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/231—Content storage operation, e.g. caching movies for short term storage, replicating data over plural servers, prioritizing data for deletion
    • H04N21/23106—Content storage operation, e.g. caching movies for short term storage, replicating data over plural servers, prioritizing data for deletion involving caching operations

Definitions

  • VIDEO SERVER USING MEMORY PIPE SEGMENTS
  • This invention relates to mass storage devices and, more specifically, to mass storage devices which deliver video-on-demand to a large number of users.
  • Video-on-demand systems are used in a variety of environments, including in hotels and motels. They are also beginning to appear in larger scale systems, such as Community Cable Television (“CATV”) .
  • CATV Community Cable Television
  • One technique of supplying video-on-demand is to house and operate a large number of video cassette recorders from a central location. When a particular movie is desired to be viewed, the user communicates with the central facility and requests that the movie be played. A video cassette containing the movie is inserted into a video player to which the user is connected.
  • Video server One developing technology for reducing these problems is to utilize what is known as a "video server.”
  • the video and audio portions of the movie are digitized and stored as a stream of digital data on a mass storage system.
  • the digital data is accessed, converted back into an analog signal, and delivered to the user for viewing.
  • Such a system is advantageous because one mass storage system can store several movies and can supply digital data representative of these several movies to several users simultaneously. This can result in a lower overall cost per user. It also can result in enhanced reliability, due to a reduction in the amount of moving mechanical parts.
  • These video servers are often limited in the number of users which they can simultaneously service. As the number of simultaneous users grow, the needed data- delivery speed of the server must also grow. These enhanced speed requirements create additional technical problems and associated expense.
  • a typical video server will have to deliver about 4 megabits per second of digital data to keep up with the movie, some applications using rates as low as 1.5 megabits per second or as high as 9 megabits per second.
  • a "bit” is a single piece of information; a “megabit” is a million “bits.”
  • One object of the present invention is to obviate these as well as other problems with prior art video-on-demand systems.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a video-on-demand system which has a low average cost per simultaneous user.
  • a still further object of the present invention is to provide a video-on-demand system which effectively multiplies the data transfer bandwidth of a mass storage system, thereby allowing the mass storage system to simultaneously service more users than the device could service without the invention.
  • a still further object of the present invention is to provide a video-o -demand system which can simultaneously service 100,000 users, which occupies relatively little space and has a minimal amount of moving mechanical parts .
  • the pipe has the ability to shift data from one pipe segment to another. This allows users of the other pipe segment to receive the same data stream as was present in the previous pipe segment at a later time.
  • the data transfer speed of each particular pipe segment is generally sufficient to allow each pipe segment to supply several movie streams to several users simultaneously. The net result is that many users can view the same movie at different times without the mass storage system having to repeatedly access the same stored movie data for every single viewer at different times.
  • the video pipe contains enough memories having enough capacity to hold the data streams of several entire movies. Upon initialization of the system, the most popular films are advantageously loaded in the pipe before user requests are even received.
  • the system can be configured to cause each viewer of a frequently-viewed movie to receive the entire data stream for that movie from a single memory segment of the video pipe. Although each user could theoretically instead be switched among different memory segments to receive the sequential pieces of his requested movie stream, causing his sequential data segments to always be delivered from the same memory segment allows for a much simpler control system.
  • a broad variety of mass storage systems can be used to store the movies in the video server of the present invention.
  • Applicant chooses to use an array of hard disk drive arrays, advantageously employing a fault tolerant array controller to protect against discontinuities in the movie streams which are delivered.
  • Another feature of the present invention is to supply streams of movies which are not frequently viewed directly from the mass storage system itself. This avoids unnecessary use of the video pipe and an associated increase in the size of the pipe which otherwise might be needed.
  • IBM's serial storage architecture may advantageously be used to connect many components of the video server, including connections between the video pipe and the mass storage system and the individual memory segments in the video pipe.
  • SSA serial storage architecture
  • the first segment of movie stream data coming from the mass storage system can advantageously begin to be stored in any one of the memory segments in the video pipe.
  • the pipe segments themself include a control that determines when the pipe segment should shift the movie stream data contained therein to a neighboring segment . In this way, portions of the control system are distributed, thereby reducing control traffic and complexity.
  • the present invention is well suited to a variety of communication networks, including the Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) network developed by telecommunication companies .
  • ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of one embodiment of the video server of the present invention, shown connected to an ATM network.
  • Fig. 2 is a block diagram of one embodiment of the video pipe segments shown in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 3 is a block diagram of an alternate network distribution configuration which may advantageously be used in conjunction with the video server of the present invention.
  • Fig. 1 is a block diagram of one embodiment of the video server of the present invention, shown connected to an ATM network.
  • a video server 10 made in accordance with the present invention includes a mass storage system 12, a video pipe 14, a control computer 16, an SSA switch 18 and an ATM-SSA adaptor 20.
  • the video server 10 may advantageously be connected to an ATM network 30. Also connected to the ATM network 30 are a plurality of TVs and associated Set Top Boxes, such as TV 32 and Set Top Box 34.
  • the Set Top Box 34 receives digital data from the ATM network 30, extracts the data stream representative of the movie to be shown on the TV 32 from that digital data, and converts that digital data to the analog signal which the TV 32 requires for viewing of the movie.
  • the Set Top Box 34 may also request the movie stream which the user desires to view from the ATM network 30.
  • the request for the movie may be made by the user through means not shown in Fig. 1, such as a telephone call to the user's cable company.
  • the Set Top Box 34 When the Set Top Box 34 is used to request a movie stream, it may or may not continue to participate in the request process by requesting specific segments of the movie stream to be viewed.
  • the choice as to whether the Set Top Box 34 communicates requests for movie streams and whether it will communicate the request only initially or for the various segments of the movie stream is a design choice. All such configurations are contemplated to be used in connection with the present invention.
  • the movie data will be stored in the mass storage system 12 in a compressed format.
  • One popular compression scheme which may be used in connection with the present invention is what is known as the Motion Picture Experts Group (MPEG) compression scheme.
  • MPEG Motion Picture Experts Group
  • the digital data would normally not be decompressed until it reaches the Set Top Box 34.
  • decompression of the digital data will also typically be the responsibility of the Set Top Box 34. Again, of course, this is by no means a requirement for use of the present invention.
  • the Set Top Box 34 can be connected to the ATM network 30 using a vast array of techniques, typically a coaxial or fiberoptic cable. Wireless techniques, of course, would also be within the scope of the present invention.
  • the ATM network 30 shown in Fig. 1 is a type of network used by telecommunication companies.
  • the switches used in this network can be purchased from Siemans AG, located in Munich, Germany, among other companies. Interface chips to the network can also be purchased from a variety of companies, including Fore Systems, located in Pissburgh, Pennsylvania.
  • an ATM network has been selected for the illustration of the present invention shown in Fig. 1, the invention is also well suited to being used in a broad variety of other types of networks or using other types of connection techniques.
  • Other interfaces which might be used include SCSI and IPI Fiber Channel Structured Architecture Loop.
  • the invention is well suited for being used in connection with a broad variety of mass storage systems, including optical drives, tape drives, etc. However, Applicant believes that hard disk drives currently provide the best compromise between price, storage capacity, reliability and speed.
  • the mass storage system 12 consists of a plurality of disk drive arrays 40, 42, 44 and 46. Each array, in turn, consists of a plurality of hard disk drives connected to a fault tolerant array controller.
  • a "byte” is a set of “bits” and, in this case, 8 "bits.”
  • a “gigabyte” is 1000 -- “megabytes. "
  • Speed is also a very important factor.
  • One function of the mass storage system 12 is to deliver movie streams to the video pipe 14 so that each movie stream can simultaneously be viewed by a plurality of users. Typically, only movies which are being frequently requested would be delivered to the pipe.
  • the mass storage system 12 is capable of simultaneously delivering frequently-viewed movie streams to the video pipe 14, as well as infrequently-viewed movie streams directly to the ATM network 30. Applicant estimates that 75% of the users will request the top ten movies during peak hours of demand from 7:00 p.m. to 1:00 a.m. The delivery of these top ten movies to the pipe 14 may therefore require 40 megabits to be delivered per second by the mass storage device 12 (4 megabits per second times ten) . An additional 4 megabits per second will be required for each additional stream which the mass storage system 12 is required to provide to viewers of infrequently watched movies, i.e., movie streams which are not loaded into the pipe 14.
  • Fault tolerant controllers can also be used to reduce or eliminate discontinuities in the movie stream data caused by errors, such as described in Applicant's co- pending U.S. patent application, entitled “Disk Drive Array For Multi-User Audio/Video Data Server Using Pipelined, Fault Tolerant Data Retrieval Method,” serial No. 08/210,899.
  • the mass storage system 12 requires appropriate circuitry to interface with the SSA connection to the SSA switch 18.
  • SSA is a technology designed by IBM.
  • An SSA protocol hardware chip can advantageously be used to accomplish this interface. Such chips are available from NCR in Colorado Springs, Colorado, Adaptek in Milpitas, California, LSI in Milpitas, California and IBM.
  • Applicant estimates that 75% of the total demand during peak hours will be for the ten most popular movies.
  • One technique which Applicant originally considered for meeting this demand was to store the video streams for these ten movies in a single large memory (typically 30 gigabytes) connected to a telecommunications interface. However, that would require a bus operating at 37.5 gigabytes per second, a system which would require a large supercomputer, costing many millions of dollars.
  • This pipe includes a plurality of video pipe segments, such as segments 50, 52, 54, 56 and 58.
  • the first video pipe segment 50 is connected through the SSA switch 18 to the mass storage device 12 using an SSA connection.
  • Each successive video pipe segment is also connected to the previous video pipe segment using an SSA connection.
  • Fig. 2 illustrates one embodiment of the video pipe segments shown in Fig. 1.
  • each video pipe segment 60 includes a memory 62, SSA interface devices 64 and 66, an ATM interface device 68, and a control 70.
  • Different types of interface devices would, of course, be used if different types of connections were made.
  • each of the video pipe segments is interconnected, an SSA interconnection being chosen for the implementation shown in Fig. 1.
  • One good specification for the ATM connection is SONET level OC-3.
  • OC-3 can handle 150 megabits per second. Each movie stream requires about 4 megabits per second. Adding needed overhead, OC-3 can therefore support about 25 movie data streams per ATM connection.
  • each memory 62 would need to store 10 megabytes.
  • 10 megabyte DRAMs dynamic random access memory
  • Each video pipe segment used in the video pipe 14 should have the capability of transferring the data stored in its memory to its neighboring video pipe segment. Although transfers of data from one video pipe segment to either (or even both) of its neighbors are considered to be within the scope of the present invention, the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 only allows transfers of data from one video pipe segment to its right neighboring video pipe segment.
  • the SSA switch 18 facilitates routing of data from the mass storage system 12 to the video pipe 14 or to the ATM-SSA adaptor 20.
  • the ATM-SSA adaptor 20 facilitates routing of data between the ATM network 30, the SSA switch 18 and the control computer 16.
  • One approach is to load the ten top movies in the video pipe 14 before any request for movies are received. Initial requests for movies may then advantageously be serviced directly from the mass storage system 12 by having the requested movie streams delivered through the SSA switch 18 to the ATM-SSA adaptor 20 and out onto the ATM network 30.
  • the video pipe 14 When the number of requests for a particular movie reach a threshold level, the video pipe 14 would be used to provide the various time-shifted streams for that movie. Up to 25 simultaneous viewers of that movie who are viewing the portion of the movie stored in a particular video pipe segment would be assigned to receive their movie stream from that video pipe segment through the ATM connection to that segment. As additional users subsequently request that movie stream, they would be assigned to receive that movie stream from successive video pipe segments. The data in the previous video pipe segment would be shifted to the successive video pipe segments for viewing by the new group of viewers, while the previous video pipe segment would receive the next segment of the video movie stream from its predecessor video pipe segment. In this manner, a single movie stream originating from the mass storage system 12 can be viewed by numerous viewers at different points in time, without having to again access the entire stream from the mass storage system 12. This effectively multiplies the data delivery bandwidth of the mass storage system 12.
  • the number of viewers wishing to simultaneously view the movie segment stored within a particular video pipe segment may exceed the 25 stream bandwidth of that video segment. If this occurs, several alternatives may be implemented.
  • One alternative is to make the new viewer wait until the beginning of the movie appears in a video pipe segment which is not being used to capacity and to then assign that new viewer to that video pipe segment .
  • Another alternative is to load an additional copy of the movie stream from the mass storage system 12 into the video pipe 14, starting with a video pipe segment which has already emptied its movie stream data.
  • Another routing option is to circulate shifted movie stream segments from the last video pipe segment which holds a particular movie stream into the first video pipe segment which held that movie stream, rather than having earlier video pipe segments become empty after the last portion of the movie stream passes through them.
  • This approach would be advantageous in systems where the video pipe is essentially dedicated to storing just the top ten movie streams. With this configuration, it is not necessary to re-access the mass storage system 12 for replacement movie streams for the pipe 14.
  • the system may also be initialized with no movie streams being stored in the video pipe 14.
  • the SSA switch 18 would route the next stream of that movie data to the video pipe 14, rather than directly to the ATM network 30 through the ATM-SSA adaptor 20. Subsequent viewers of that movie would then be assigned to the appropriate video pipe segment to receive their stream of that movie.
  • the point at which the video server 10 causes the supply of popular movie streams to switch from the mass storage system 12 to the pipe 14 typically depends upon the bandwidth capacity of the mass storage system. The switch over might be set to occur when the mass storage system 12 reaches a significant percentage of its data stream delivery limit .
  • a second and different movie may begin to be requested at a high rate.
  • the next stream of the second movie could similarly be channeled by the SSA switch 18 into the video pipe 14 for viewing by subsequent users .
  • the video segment which actually stores the first segment of this second movie stream might not be the first video pipe segment 50, as the video pipe segment 50 might still be busy handling the first movie stream.
  • the first segment of the second movie stream might be stored in the first video pipe segment of the video pipe 14 which is empty and not needed for storage of the first movie.
  • the SSA connections used in the video pipe 14 can advantageously pass data presented to the first video pipe segment 50 to a subsequent video pipe segment, without significant delay and without requiring that data to first be stored in the intervening video pipe segments.
  • each video pipe segment being dedicated to the storage of a particular movie stream.
  • this is not an intrinsic limitation of the invention.
  • portions of streams from different movies may be stored in and distributed by each video pipe segment.
  • Such an alternate approach would probably require a much higher degree of control and associated overhead.
  • the system includes apparatus to implement the stream distribution algorithms which ultimately are selected.
  • This includes controls which read movie stream data from the mass storage system 12, controls which route video data using the SSA switch 18 and the ATM-SSA adaptor 20, and controls which signal when and where data is to be shifted from one video pipe segment to another.
  • Such controls also associate each user with the correct ATM connection(s) so that he can receive the uninterrupted movie stream which he has requested.
  • control computer 16 is a master controller, and preferably a personal computer ("PC") . Whether the control is actually given to this device and the exact nature and degree of the responsibilities of this device, in large part, depend upon the specific design of the system, both in terms of hardware, software, and the data distribution algorithms which are to be followed. In one embodiment, for example, the control computer 16 maintains awareness of each current user, the movie stream he has requested, the ATM connection(s) which has (have) been assigned to deliver that movie stream, and the status of that delivery. Based on this information, as well as a knowledge of the algorithms to be implemented, the control computer 16 controls the ATM-SSA adaptor 20, the SSA switch 18, the mass storage system 12, and the video pipe 14.
  • PC personal computer
  • control computer 16 Although direct connections between the control computer 16 and the mass storage system 12 and video pipe 14 are not shown in Fig. 1, it should be understood that the SSA connection technology being utilized nevertheless facilitates transfer of control information from the control computer 16 to these other devices. The net result is that each user receives a steady stream of digital data representative of the movie he has asked to view.
  • each video pipe segment in the video pipe 14 may advantageously include its own control system, shown as a control 70 in the video pipe segment shown in Fig. 2.
  • Such an internal control might itself determine when data in the memory 62 of the video pipe segment should be shifted to a successive video pipe segment.
  • the pipe 14 it is by no means required that the pipe 14 contain a quantity of memory sufficient to store the data streams of several entire films or, for that matter, even the data stream of a single entire film.
  • a smaller number of video pipe segments and/or a smaller size of DRAM memory could also advantageously be used.
  • the size of the video pipe decreases, however, it is expected that the number of users who can simultaneously be serviced by the pipe would also decrease.
  • the video server 10 of the present invention could be used in a system in which a single decoder, comparable to the Set Top Box 34, services several TVs at once.
  • the non-server portion of this embodiment is illustrated in Fig. 3.
  • Only three decoders are illustrated, it should of course be understood that several more may be attached to the network.
  • only three TVs are illustrated as being connected to each decoder, it should of course be understood that several more might be connected to each decoder.
  • the present invention is equally useful in connection with the storage and simultaneous delivery of digitized voices or music, as well as any type of lenthy digital data stream which is frequently accessed in the same order by a number of users at different times.
  • Films and videos other than motion pictures, of course, could also advantageously be distributed by the present invention.
  • the present invention is of far broader scope than what has thus-far been described and is limited only by the following claims.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Television Signal Processing For Recording (AREA)
  • Two-Way Televisions, Distribution Of Moving Picture Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention se rapporte à un serveur vidéo (10) qui fonctionne de façon à fournir une pluralité de flux de données vidéo à une pluralité d'utilisateurs. Ce serveur comprend un canal vidéo (14) qui reçoit et mémorise un ou plusieurs flux de données vidéo à partir d'un système de stockage de grande capacité (12). Ce canal vidéo se compose d'une pluralité de segments (50, 52, 54, 56, 58) reliés entre eux, dont chacun est en outre composé d'une mémoire (62). Ces segments présentent l'aptitude à faire passer une partie mémorisée du flux de données mémorisé vers un segment avoisinant afin qu'elle y soit mémorisée. Une connexion est par ailleurs fournie à chaque segment afin d'assurer l'acheminement de la partie mémorisée sur ce segment vers l'un des utilisateurs sous forme d'un des flux de données vidéo. Le serveur est commandé par un contrôleur (16) conformément aux requêtes des utilisateurs.
PCT/US1995/010303 1994-09-26 1995-08-07 Serveur video utilisant des segments de canal de memoire WO1996010315A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US312,402 1981-10-19
US31240294A 1994-09-26 1994-09-26

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1996010315A1 true WO1996010315A1 (fr) 1996-04-04

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PCT/US1995/010303 WO1996010315A1 (fr) 1994-09-26 1995-08-07 Serveur video utilisant des segments de canal de memoire

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2313529A (en) * 1996-05-23 1997-11-26 Sony Uk Ltd Video data system
EP0845907A2 (fr) * 1996-12-02 1998-06-03 International Business Machines Corporation Système et méthode de traitement de flux des données multimédia utilisant des sous-systèmes multimédia en architecture de boucle partagée
EP0845906A2 (fr) * 1996-12-02 1998-06-03 International Business Machines Corporation Système de serveur audio/vidéo en boucle partagé
WO2000067470A1 (fr) * 1999-05-04 2000-11-09 Unisys Corporation Systeme de video sur demande
US9191702B2 (en) 2003-04-17 2015-11-17 Thomson Licensing Data requesting and transmitting devices and processes

Citations (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS59122192A (ja) * 1982-12-28 1984-07-14 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 映像送出方法
JPS63151240A (ja) * 1986-12-16 1988-06-23 Fujitsu Ltd ビデオ番組分配方式
JPH01205691A (ja) * 1988-02-12 1989-08-18 Fujitsu Ltd 動画検索システム
EP0637890A1 (fr) * 1993-08-02 1995-02-08 Trw Inc. Dispositif modulaire de mémorisation de données de masse à l'état solide haute capacité pour serveurs vidéo
US5442390A (en) * 1993-07-07 1995-08-15 Digital Equipment Corporation Video on demand with memory accessing and or like functions

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS59122192A (ja) * 1982-12-28 1984-07-14 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 映像送出方法
JPS63151240A (ja) * 1986-12-16 1988-06-23 Fujitsu Ltd ビデオ番組分配方式
JPH01205691A (ja) * 1988-02-12 1989-08-18 Fujitsu Ltd 動画検索システム
US5442390A (en) * 1993-07-07 1995-08-15 Digital Equipment Corporation Video on demand with memory accessing and or like functions
EP0637890A1 (fr) * 1993-08-02 1995-02-08 Trw Inc. Dispositif modulaire de mémorisation de données de masse à l'état solide haute capacité pour serveurs vidéo

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
W.D. SINCOSKIE, "System Architecture for a Large Scale Video on Demand Service", COMPUTER NETWORKS AND ISDN SYSTEMS, No. 22, Published in 1991, by NORTH-HOLLAND, pages 155-162. *

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2313529A (en) * 1996-05-23 1997-11-26 Sony Uk Ltd Video data system
US6144796A (en) * 1996-05-23 2000-11-07 Sony Corporation Video data system
GB2313529B (en) * 1996-05-23 2000-11-15 Sony Uk Ltd Video data system
EP0845907A2 (fr) * 1996-12-02 1998-06-03 International Business Machines Corporation Système et méthode de traitement de flux des données multimédia utilisant des sous-systèmes multimédia en architecture de boucle partagée
EP0845906A2 (fr) * 1996-12-02 1998-06-03 International Business Machines Corporation Système de serveur audio/vidéo en boucle partagé
EP0845906A3 (fr) * 1996-12-02 2003-07-02 International Business Machines Corporation Système de serveur audio/vidéo en boucle partagé
EP0845907A3 (fr) * 1996-12-02 2003-07-02 International Business Machines Corporation Système et méthode de traitement de flux des données multimédia utilisant des sous-systèmes multimédia en architecture de boucle partagée
WO2000067470A1 (fr) * 1999-05-04 2000-11-09 Unisys Corporation Systeme de video sur demande
US9191702B2 (en) 2003-04-17 2015-11-17 Thomson Licensing Data requesting and transmitting devices and processes

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