WO1996008425A2

WO1996008425A2 - Air treatment device and method of using same

Info

Publication number: WO1996008425A2
Application number: PCT/US1995/011557
Authority: WO
Inventors: Christopher J. Miller; Carl Triplett; Mark W. Mcelfresh; Yeong C. Park; Guy Anthony Williams; Thomas B. Aldrich, Iii
Original assignee: The Dial Corp
Priority date: 1994-09-12
Filing date: 1995-09-12
Publication date: 1996-03-21
Also published as: MX9701885A; WO1996008425A3; CA2199736A1; AU3551795A

Abstract

The present invention comprises a pressurized vessel (20) containing a highly concentrated air-treating composition, and an easy to use dispenser (10) for dispensing the same. The vessel (20) includes a metered valve and a depressible valve stem. The dispenser (10) comprises a first housing section (12) which has a dispensing aperture (16) suitably positioned for communication with the valve stem (24) of the vessel (20) and a second housing section (14) having a removable securing device (30) for the vessel (20). The first housing section (12) is movable with respect to the second housing section (14). The invention also comprises a method of treating air which includes the steps of: 1) providing a dispenser which has a device for removably receiving an aerosol container and a device for actuating the aerosol container; and 2) providing an aerosol container carrying a concentrated air treatment composition; 3) inserting the aerosol container in the dispenser through actuation of said removable container receiving device; and 4) actuating the aerosol container to release the air treatment composition. The invention includes a first composition comprising about 20 to about 50 wt.% of a propellant, about 5 to about 10 wt.% alcohol, and about 40 to about 55 wt.% of a perfume (preferably about 5 wt.% ethanol, about 50 wt.% perfume and about 45 wt.% of a propellant), and a second composition comprising from about 10 to about 60 wt.% of a perfume, about 27 to about 90 wt.% of a solvent or solvent/co-solvent mixture, and about 15 to about 75 wt.% of a propellant (preferably about 5 wt.% ethanol, about 30 wt.% isopropyl myristate, about 20 wt.% perfume and about 45 wt.% of a propellant).

Description

AIR TREATMENT DEVICE AND METHOD OF USING SAME Technical Field of the Invention

This invention relates generally to dispensers for use with air-treating formulations, preferably air freshening formulations. More particularly, this invention relates to a novel air treatment formulation and a method and apparatus for dispensing the same.

Background of the Invention

It is well known that odors tend to gather in areas such as those existing in homes, offices and the like. As is also well known, on occasion these odors can be unpleasant, and the unpleasant odors can gather in an area in these structures. This tendency of malodors to gather is exacerbated in homes and other buildings that are constructed in an energy-efficient manner. Typically, homes and other buildings are constructed in a manner that essentially prevents air circulation between the inside and outside of the building. In these buildings malodors can accumulate to offensive levels. While the present invention relates generally to the treatment of air for a wide variety of purposes, including removing malodors, removing or killing germs and the like, this invention and the problems it addresses will be described primarily with reference to air treatment in the form of air freshening, namely the adding of fragrances to the air such that the odors which tend to accumulate in such buildings and/or homes can be effectively treated. In this regard, a wide variety of devices and methods are known for the dispensing of fragrances to the air. Typically, however, known devices can be characterized as being configured for instant treatment of the air, continuous treatment of the air, or a combination of both. Exemplary of instant treatment devices are the well- known aerosol spray cans which contain aerosols comprising a fragrance, which aerosols can be sprayed throughout a particular room or building. Exemplary of continuous air- treating devices are those devices which generally comprise a fragrance impregnated and/or releasing element which is suitably placed in an area were freshening is desired. The present invention has particular usefulness in connection with instant treatment type devices. As is known, these types of devices for dispensing fluid from aerosol containers generally include a spray stem or spray head which, when actuated, disperses fluid from the container. In these devices, as is known, the fluid preferably comprises a fragrance (e.g. perfume). As is also known, a widely-employed procedure for packaging such fluids (e.g. fragrance-containing fluids) and facilitating their dispersion into the air is through the use of aerosol products (e.g. hydrocarbon products). Generally the fragrance (perfume) is dissolved or dispersed in a fluid composition, normally an aqueous solution, and carried by a propellant, such as a hydrocarbon, in a container having a valved spray nozzle. As is known, the nozzle can be directed toward an area to be treated, and the valve opened to produce a spray of the propellant such that the fragrance is evacuated from the container.

While this procedure has many advantages, one major disadvantage results because substantial over-spray can occur. For example, such sprays are often used to overcome intense malodors in bathrooms or other areas, and due to the intensity of the malodor excess amounts of the aerosol are sprayed into those areas. In addition, since such aerosol sprays tend to be diluted, large amounts of the product may be needed to adequately treat the air within a particular area. Such excess use tends to result in waste and inefficiency. Moreover, given the relatively low concentration of fragrance and high concentration of water generally contained in such aerosol formulations, the effectiveness of the fragrance tends to be limited.

It is therefore desirable to provide an air freshener formulation and a device for dispensing the same which is particularly useful in connection with the treating of air in buildings, which device provides for the cost-effective elimination of the wastefulness which is experienced with typical aerosol products. Air fresheners which may be activated by certain events and thereby disperse a metered amount of an aerosol air freshener into a building are known. For example, U.S. Patent No. 4,570,824, issued February 18, 1986 to Boiling discloses a doorbell-actuated air freshener. In operation, an actuation mechanism of an air freshener is connected to a doorbell system for a house. When the doorbell rings, the actuation device causes a metered amount of the aerosol air freshener to be released into a convenient location in the room. While generally addressing the difficulties associated with waste, such a device is of limited use for general household purposes or normal use within homes.

Other metered-dose air treatment products are also known, such as the industrial strength air fresheners available from Clair-Burke of Minnetonka, MN. The size of such products, however, limits their usefulness as well.

It is also known that a spray air freshener sold by S.C. Johnson & Sons, Inc. , under the name Glade* Lasting Mist™ is available. (Glade^® is a registered trademark of S.C. Johnson & Sons, Inc.) This product features a complex mechanism for dispensing a highly-concentrated aerosol fragrance into the air. It is believed that the formulation utilized in connection with the Glade^® product is a single-phase aerosol formulation which includes perfume, alcohol, and dipropylene glycol (DPG). While applicants do not admit that this product constitutes prior art as to the subject invention, applicants believe that the methods and apparatus disclosed and claimed herein are superior to the Glade^® product or similar devices.

It should be appreciated that various other aerosol dispensing devices are known, such as those typically used in the context of devices for dispensing medicaments for the reliefofailments such as asthma and bronchitis. For example, U.S. Patent No. 3,814,297 issued June 4, 1974 to Warren discloses an inhalation-actuated aerosol device for dispensing a metered quantity from an aerosol container of the kind having a spray stem which, when actuated, dispenses fluid from the container. See also U.S. Patent No. 3,517,667 issued June 30, 1970 to Babbin et al. and U.S. Patent No. 4,834,083 issued May 30, 1989 to Byram et al. , each of which relates to other inhalation- type aerosol dispensers.

Similarly, actuators for dispensing aerosols from various types of bottles are known. See, for example, U.S. Patent No. 3,157,317 issued November 17, 1964 to Ramsbotham for a holder for bottles and the like, U.S. Patent No. 3,272,391 issued September 13, 1966 to Meshberg for an actuator for dispensing various materials under pressure and U.S. Patent No. 3,549,055 issued December 22, 1970 to Gatland for an aerosol clam-shell dispenser. It is noted that the '055 and '391 patents each relate to devices in which pressure upon a housing causes actuation of the aerosol container and release of the contents of the container. Despite the teachings of these prior art references and known devices, there remains a long-felt need for a device which is easy to use, and which, when used, results in the efficient dispensing of an air treatment formulation, particularly when the formulation comprises an aerosol air freshening composition.

Summary of the Invention

The present invention addresses this long-felt need by providing an air freshener which comprises a pressurized vessel containing a concentrated air-treating composition. The vessel includes a metered valve and a depressible valve stem. The air freshener further comprises a dispenser for supporting the vessel. The dispenser comprises a first housing section which has a dispensing aperture suitably positioned for communication with the valve stem of the vessel, and a second housing section having a removable securing device for the vessel. The first housing is movable with respect to the second housing.

In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, the vessel suitably contains a highly fragrant air-treating composition. In accordance with a first embodiment, the composition consists essentially of about 20 to about 50 wt. % of a propellant, about 5 to about 10 wt. % alcohol, and about 40 to about 55 wt. % of a perfume. More particularly, a first composition preferably consists essentially of about 5 wt. % ethanol, about 50 wt. % perfume and about 45 wt. % of a propellant. In accordance with a second embodiment, the composition comprises from about 10 to about 60 wt. % of a perfume, about 27 to about 90 wt. % of a solvent or solvent/co-solvent mixture, and about 15 to about 75 wt. % of a propellant. More particularly, the second composition preferably consists essentially of about 5 wt. % ethanol, about 30 wt. % isopropyl myristate, about 20 wt. % perfume and about 45 wt. % of a propellant.

In accordance with yet another aspect of the present invention, a method of treating air is provided which includes the steps of providing a dispenser for use with an aerosol container which has a device for removably receiving an aerosol container and a device for actuating the aerosol container, and providing an aerosol container of a concentrated air treatment composition. The method further includes the steps of inserting the aerosol container in the dispenser through actuation of said removable container receiving device, and actuating the aerosol container to release the air treatment composition.

Brief Description of the Drawing Figures

The preferred exemplary embodiments of the present invention will hereinafter be described in conjunction with the appended drawing figures, wherein like designations denote like elements, and:

Figure 1 is a perspective view of an aerosol dispenser in accordance with the present invention;

Figure 2 is a side view of the upper portion of the dispenser according to Figure 1 ;

Figure 3 is a top view of the lower portion of the dispenser according to Figure 1 ;

Figure 4 is a sectional view along the line 4-4 of Figure 1. Figure 5 is a sectional view along the lines 5-5 of Figure 1 , showing the aerosol container in phantom;

Figure 6 is a sectional view similar to that of Figure 4 showing operation of the dispenser according to Figure 1;

Figure 7 is a bottom view of the dispenser according to Figure 1;

Figure 8 is a perspective of the bottom view of an alternative embodiment of the device of Figure 1; and,

Figure 9 is a plot of fragrance intensity on a composition matrix for aerosol mixtures of perfume, ethanol and dipropylene glycol.

Detailed Description of Preferred Exemplary Embodiments

While the details and operation of preferred exemplary embodiments will be described hereinbelow, it should be appreciated that the present invention addresses the disadvantages of the prior art and other known devices by, in general, providing a simple housing construction into which an air treatment formulation, preferably a highly concentrated fragrance formulation, can be easily placed and released in metered dose quantities. This simple, easy-to-use apparatus enables the efficient, reliable dispensing of the novel fragrance which is disclosed herein.

With reference to Figure 1, a dispensing apparatus 10 in accordance with the present invention is shown. Apparatus 10 preferably includes an upper portion 12 and a lower portion 14. Upper portion 12 preferably includes a dispensing aperture 16 suitably surrounded by a collection reservoir 18. In accordance with a particularly preferred aspect of the invention, the diameter of dispensing aperture 16 is optimally in the range of between about 13 and about 25 millimeters (mm), more preferably about 15 to about 20 mm, and optimally about 20 mm.

With reference to Figure 4, it can be seen that apparatus 10 preferably contains a container (vessel) 20 which may be of a conventional configuration. As seen best in Figures 4 and 6, container 20 preferably comprises an aerosol container and suitably includes a valve 22 suitably securely affixed to a canister 23. A valve actuating stem 24 is suitably disposed in valve 22 and preferably includes a delivery aperture 26 configured to communicate with the interior of container 20, such that upon actuation of stem 24 (e.g. stem 24 being depressed in the downward direction), a predetermined amount of aerosol formulation is released from container 20. As is clear from Figure 4, and as discussed in greater detail hereinbelow, once the aerosol formulation is so released from delivery aperture 26 in stem 24 it is forced through and released into the dispensing aperture 16 of upper portion 12 (see Figure 6). Upon release of the formulation, stem 24 is returned, in a conventional fashion, to its normal closed position. With continued reference to Figure 4 and additional reference to Figure 5, aerosol container 20 is secured within lower portion 14 by a retainer 30 formed interiorly of portions 12 and 14. Preferably, retainer 30 comprises a support collar 40 which terminates in respective legs 42 and 44 formed internally of lower portion 14. In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a protuberance 38 extending inwardly from wall 36 configured to form upper portion 12 aids in retention of container 20 within device 10. As best shown in Figures 4 through 6, protuberance 38 is suitably configured to receive actuating stem 24 of container 20, thereby providing communication between delivery aperture 26 and dispensing aperture 16. As shown best in Figure 4, dispensing aperture 16 is preferably formed in the center of protuberance 38 such that protuberance 38 suitably surrounds aperture 16. Preferably, protuberance 38 is configured to have a height sufficient to retain the upper portion of stem 24; to that end, the height of protuberance 38 is in the range of about 0J to about 0.3 inches (in.), and more preferably about 0.25 in.

With continued reference to Figures 4 and 5, the lower portion of retainer 30 includes legs 42 and 44, each of which terminates at its distal end in respective actuating tabs 46 and 48. As will be described in greater detail hereinbelow, actuating tabs 46 and 48 permit a user of apparatus 10 to easily "load" and "unload" container 20 directly to and from apparatus 10.

It should be appreciated that container 20 may be of any convenient form. For example, container 20 may comprise metal, glass, or plastic. In accordance with a preferred aspect of the present invention, container 20 employed in apparatus 10 comprises a conventional aerosol container, such as is now known or hereafter devised by those skilled in the art. For example, conventional canisters made from impact- extruded aluminum may be suitably employed. It should be appreciated, however, diat apparatus 10 may also be used in conjunction with non-aerosol, i.e. "pump-type", containers. In such a case, container 20 would be suitably modified to enable the air- treatment compound contained therein to be effectively evacuated. For example, instead of valve 22, a pump or other device likely would be used. Preferably, container 20 comprises a standard aluminum aerosol container having a capacity in the range of about 15 to about 30 milliliters (ml), preferably in the range of about 20 ml. Container 20 preferably exhibits conventional cylindrical dimensions; thus, container 20 suitably exhibits a diameter in the range of about 15 to about 30 mm and a height H in the range of about 50 mm to about 80 mm. Optimally, container 20 comprises an aluminum aerosol container having a diameter of about 22 mm and a height H of about 58 mm. It should be appreciated that while the present invention will be discussed in the context of use of aerosol container 20 as just described, any container of suitable size and dimension may be utilized in apparatus 10, and apparatus 10 may be suitably configured to house such a container.

Valve 22 may also be of any convenient form such as is now known or hereafter devised by those of ordinary skill in the art. In accordance with a particularly preferred aspect of the present invention, however, valve 22 comprises a metering valve suitably configured to release between about 75 and about 150 microliters (μl ) of the formulation contained within container 20, more preferably from about 95 to about 120 μl, and optimally about 120 μl of formulation when actuated. In accordance with this aspect of the present invention, it is desirable that the aerosol contained within container 20 have sufficient fragrance intensity such that a single metered dose released from apparatus 10 is capable of adequately treating the air of an entire room or at least a desired portion of the room in which it is utilized, as described in greater detail hereinbelow.

Upper portion 12 and lower portion 14 of apparatus 10 are suitably formed from, for example, a plastic material, preferably a thermoplastic material. In accordance with a particularly preferred aspect of the present invention, upper portion 12 and lower portion 14 comprise polypropylene and are formed by conventional injection molding techniques. It should be appreciated that portions 12 and 14 are preferably suitably constructed to provide a relatively simple, yet sturdy, dispensing apparatus 10.

With reference now to Figures 1 through 4 and 7, the combination of upper portion 12 and lower portion 14 will now be described. Preferably, and with particular reference to Figure 2, upper portion 12 suitably comprises a substantially crescent-shaped housing formed from wall 36. In a particularly preferred configuration, wall 36 is formed in a generally arcuate, U-shaped configuration with respective reinforcing walls 32 and 34 spanning therebetween. In this configuration wall 36 is substantially rigid and is further reinforced by walls 32 and 34. With reference to Figures 4 and 6, walls 32 and 34, if employed, are suitably positioned within surface 36 so that the lowermost ends thereof engage the uppermost part of collar 40 when upper portion 12 and lower portion 14 are assembled together. Preferably, walls 32 and 34, having a sufficient depth, are positioned so that when apparatus 10 is assembled, walls 32 and 34 each mates against an outer surface of collar 40 of retainer 30. Such a construction further ensures proper alignment and rigidity of the components of apparatus 10.

As best shown in Figure 1, preferably wall 36 of portion 12 is also formed in a generally elliptical configuration with the major axis being larger than the minor axis. In accordance with a preferred aspect of the present invention, wall 36 of upper portion 12 preferably has a thickness in the range of 0.75 to about 2.0 mm, more preferably about 1.2 mm.

Respective engaging members 50 and 52 are suitably carried on each opposing end of upper portion 12 at distal ends of the major axis thereof. As can be seen best in Figure 2, engaging members 50 and 52 each preferably comprise resiliently deflectable legs 54 and 56, which terminate in respective locking nibs 58 and 60. Preferably, locking nibs 58 and 60 are formed as angularly disposed ledges carried on the outside portion of legs 54 and 56. In accordance with a preferred aspect of the present invention, legs 54 and 56 have a length of from about 3 to about 15 mm, and optimally have a length of about 6.4 mm (0.25 in.). Referring now to Figures 3 and 7, lower portion 14 is also preferably formed in a generally elliptical configuration and has a substantially rigid construction. Preferably, lower portion 14 comprises an outer surface 64 having a thickness in the range of 0.75 to 2.5 mm, preferably about 2.0 mm. Surface 64 generally exhibits an elliptical cross- section (Figure 3), including a major axis "f ' and a minor axis "w". In accordance with a particularly preferred aspect of the present invention, major axis T has a length in the range of between about 8 and 12 centimeters (cm), preferably about 10 cm; minor axis "w" suitably has a length of between about 2.5 and about 5 cm, and preferably about 3.8 cm.

As will be appreciated, given the cooperation of upper portion 12 and lower portion 14, upper portion 12 and lower portion 14 are similarly dimensioned. Further, and in accordance with a preferred aspect of the present invention, the ratio of length to width of portions 12 and 14 is in the range of about 2: 1 to about 3: 1, more preferably about 2.67:1. Such a construction provides for enhanced stability of apparatus 10 when in use, as discussed in greater detail hereinbelow.

With continued reference to Figures 3 and 6, a support surface 66 substantially spans the ellipse defined by surface 64 of portion 14. In the illustrated embodiment, retainer 30 suitably extends from surface 66. Respective attaching slots 70 and 72 are preferably disposed at the distal ends of major axis "l" of the ellipse formed by outer surface 64. Attaching slots 70 and 72 are suitably configured to receive attaching members 50 and 52 of upper portion 12.

With reference to Figure 7, attaching slots 70 and 72 are preferably formed in such a manner as to provide respective locking ribs 74 and 76. As will be recognized, ribs 74 and 76 are suitably configured to engage locking nibs 58 and 60 of attaching members 50 and 52. Collar 40 is preferably carried by platform 66, with respective apertures 80 and 82 formed in proximity to legs 42 and 44 within platform 66.

With reference to Figures 4 and 5, and in accordance with a preferred aspect of the invention, legs 42 and 44 preferably extend from support collar 40. In the illustrated embodiment, legs 42 and 44 are suitably configured such that they are movable within a plane defined along the major axis of lower portion 14 (i.e. along arrows 92 and 94 in Figure 4). While certainly not described in a limiting sense, in that any orientation of legs 42 and 44 is usable in the context of the present invention, it should be recognized that the orientation of legs 42 and 44 in this fashion provides for greater ease of movement and manipulation of such legs in operation and use of apparatus 10, as will be discussed in greater detail hereinbelow. To this end, preferably, respective relief slits 84 and 86 are provided within support wall 40 adjacent leg 44. (Similar slits (not shown) are also provided adjacent leg 42.) As shown best in Figures 4 and 6, upper portion 12 and lower portion 14 are suitably formed such that upper portion 12 fits within lower portion 14 and is removably retained therein. In particular, and with reference to Figure 5, upper portion 12 is suitably dimensioned such that it fits within the area defined by surface 66 and outer surface 64 of lower portion 14. Attaching members 50 and 52 preferably are carried within attaching slot 70 and 72 such that locking nibs 58 and 60 engage locking ribs 74 and 76 when upper portion 12 and lower portion 14 are in their normal engaged positions. In accordance with a particularly preferred aspect of the present invention, upper portion 12 is upwardly and downwardly movable with respect to lower portion 14. For example, with reference to Figure 6, as pressure is applied to the top of upper portion 12 such as on the outer portion of wall 36, upper portion 12 is caused to move downwardly relative to lower portion 14 such that stem 24 actuates valve 22 and the aerosol contained within canister 23 is released. Further movement of upper portion 12 relative to lower portion 14, however, is preferably restrained by the configuration of such portions, for example by the length of leg members 54 and 56 or as a result of the lower portion of wall 36 contacting support platform 66. After actuation of valve 22, stem 24 is returned to its normal position as valve 22 closes. As stem 24 is moved upward, given the relationship between stem 24 and protuberance 38, upper portion 12 is returned to its normal position. It should be appreciated that the relative movement of upper portion 12 with respect to lower portion 14 can be suitably controlled by varying the lengths of members 50 and 52, or the orientation of surface 66, and/or other variation as may be desired.

Apparatus 10 is suitably of a convenient size for placement in a room, such as a room in a house, building or other structure. In general, apparatus 10 has an overall length on the order of about 10 to about 15 cm and an overall height on the order of about 5 and to about 10 cm. Preferably, upper portion 12 and/or lower portion 14 are provided with decorative and ornamental attributes to increase the aesthetic appearance of apparatus 10. In accordance with a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, and with reference to Figure 1, preferably at least lower portion 14 is provided with a series of decorative ribs 90 carried on the outer portion of wall 64. Ribs 90 can be configured, as shown in the illustrated embodiment, to generally replicate the overall shape of upper portion 12 (see Figure 2). It should be appreciated, however, that any desired decorative configuration can be utilized in accordance with the present invention. When utilized in a room, and as briefly discussed hereinabove, apparatus 10 is used to actuate valve 22 of container 20 such that a metered amount of the air-treating formulation is dispersed into the air in the room. In so dispensing the formulation, it is desirable to ensure that the formulation expands rapidly, and is readily and widely dispersed into the air. In this regard, the present inventors have undertaken an analysis of various fragrance formulations to identify particular formulations having optimal efficacy when used in apparatus 10. Formulations having conventional perfume solvents, e.g. dipropylene glycol (DPG) and the like, were investigated. It was expected, and in general as would be expected by skilled artisans, that fragrance formulations comprised of all or a major portion of a perfume would have the highest fragrance intensity, resulting in a sustained presence of the fragrance within a room. Quite surprisingly and contrary to these expectations, the present inventors have discovered that formulations yielding optimal fragrance intensities do not comprise solely perfume, but instead a mixture of perfume and alcohol, or perfume and solvent, or more particularly perfume and an alcohol or solvent/co-solvent mixture.

In accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention, the formulation comprises, in general, a perfume and up to about 80 wt. % ethanol, more preferably in the range of about 5 to about 30 wt. % ethanol, and optimally about 9 wt. % ethanol in the formulation concentrate of the aerosol. In accordance with a second embodiment of the present invention, the formulation comprises a perfume, a solvent or solvent/co-solvent mixture and a propellant.

In the context of the present invention the term "perfume" is used broadly to include, in general, all now known and hereafter devised fragrances and fragrance compositions (even compositions including identifiable amounts of other conventional compounds, e.g. DPG and the like). Preferably, however, in accordance with a preferred aspect of the present invention, perfumes are selected from the group of perfumes having viscosities at room temperature in the range of between about 10 and about 30 cps; these perfumes have been found to be particularly advantageous in the context of the present invention. Thus, in accordance with a preferred aspect of the invention, perfumes are selected which have viscosities (at room temperature) in the range of about 5 to about 50 cps, and more preferably in the range of about 10 to about 30 cps.

Acceptable aerosol compositions in the context of the present invention preferably include single-phase aerosol formulations comprising any suitable hydrocarbon propellant. Preferred propellants include iso-butane, propane, and mixtures thereof. A particularly preferred propellant comprises a blend of iso-butane and propane, and is available from Aeropres of Shreveport, LA under the designation A-60.

In accordance with the first formulation embodiment of the present invention, preferred fragrance compositions comprise single-phase aerosol formulations having between about 20 and about 90 wt. % of a propellant, about 20 to about 80 wt. % of a perfume and between about 0 and about 30 wt.% alcohol. Preferably, the propellant is present in amounts from about 25 to about 50 wt. %, more preferably about 30 to about 50 wt. %, and optimally 45 wt. %. Preferably, the perfume is present in an amount from about 25 to about 60 wt. %, more preferably from about 30 to about 60 wt. %, and optimally about 50 wt. %. Preferably, alcohol is present in an amount from about 2 to about 25 wt. %, more preferably about 2 to about 10 wt. %, and optimally about 5 wt. %. More preferably, a fragrance formulation in accordance with the first formulation embodiment of the present invention consists essentially of an aerosol composition having about 45 to about 50 wt. % of a propellant, about 50 to about 55 wt. % of a perfume having a viscosity of between about 10 and about 30 cps, and between about 5 and about 10% ethanol. Optimally, a fragrance formulation in accordance with this aspect of the present invention consists of about 45 wt. % propellant, about 50 wt. % of a perfume having a viscosity in the range of about 10 to about 30 cps, and about 5 wt. % ethanol.

In the context of the second formulation embodiment of the present invention, the solvent or solvent/co-solvent mixture preferably comprises a composition which does not unduly depress the fragrance intensity of the particular perfume utilized, has good solvency for a wide range of perfume oils, has a generally low odor, has a generally low viscosity and has a generally low vapor pressure (e.g. less than 0J mm H_g). Moreover, the solvent and/or solvent/co-solvent mixture should generally be non-toxic, i.e. be of a substance which causes little or no eye and/or skin irritation and generally know acute toxicity in terms of ingestion. In this regard, the solvent or solvent/co-solvent mixture useful in the context of this second formulation embodiment of d e present invention may comprise any solvent now known or hereafter devised by those skilled in the art which substantially meets these solvent criteria.

Preferably, the solvent utilized in preferred aerosol compositions in accordance with the second formulation embodiment of the present invention comprises fatty acid esters, isoparaffinic hydrocarbons, glycol ethers, glycols and/or mixtures thereof. More preferably, the solvent may comprise a fatty acid ester having a carbon chain between about C₁₂ and about C₁₆ is preferred. A particularly preferred fatty acid ester is isopropyl myristate having the general formula (CH₃) (CH₂)_I2 CO₂ (CH₃)₂. It should be recognized, however, that other saturated, or unsaturated fatty acid esters, particularly saturated fatty acid esters may be used in the context of the present invention. Preferred isoparaffinic hydrocarbon solvents useful in accordance with the present invention comprise high-purity isoparaffinic materials, such as ISOPAR M™ (ISOPAR M is a trademark of Exxon Corp.). Other isoparaffinic materials such as those available under the trademark POLYSYNLANE™ may also be used (POLYSYNLANE is a trademark of Polyespher Corp.). Preferred glycol ethers include mono- and dialkyl-ethers of diethylene glycol, generally currently available under the trademark CARBITOL™ (CARBITOL is a trademark of Union Carbide Corp.). In addition, various glycols having the foregoing functional characteristics may also be utilized.

Preferably, the solvent utilized in the aerosol compositions in accordance with this aspect of the second formulation embodiment of the present invention comprise a solvent/co-solvent mixture. In such mixture, the co-solvent preferably comprises an alcohol. Preferred alcohols include ethanol, isopropyl alcohol and mixtures thereof. Additional conventional solvents, for example dipropylene glycol and the like may also be used alone or in conjunction with the alcohol. Preferably, however, the co-solvent comprises a low chain alcohol, most preferably ethanol.

Solvent and/or co-solvent mixtures particularly useful in the context of this aspect of the present invention are preferably present in an amount from about 27 to about 90 wt. % of the aerosol composition. Preferably, the co-solvent which suitably comprises ethanol is present in an amount from about 0 to about 30 wt. % , more preferably from about 2 to about 25 wt. %, still more preferably from about 5 to about 15 wt. %, and optimally 5 to about 10 wt. %. Further, the solvent, preferably isopropyl myristate, is present in an amount from about 25 to about 85 wt. % , more preferably from about 30 to about 60 wt. %, still more preferably from about 30 to about 56 wt. %, and optimally about 30 to about 35 wt. %.

In accordance with a preferred aspect of this second formulation embodiment of the present invention, preferred fragrance compositions comprise single-phase aerosol formulations having about between 10 to about 60 wt. % of a perfume, between about 27 to about 90 wt. % of a solvent or solvent/co-solvent mixture, and between about 15 and about 75 wt. % of a propellant. Preferably, the perfume is present in an amount from about 15 to about 50 wt. %, more preferably from about 20 to about 35 wt. %, and optimally about 25 to about 30 wt. %. Preferably, the solvent or solvent co-solvent mixture is present in an amount from about 27 to about 85 wt. % , more preferably about 30 to about 60 wt. % , still more preferably about 35 to about 56 wt. % , and optimally about 30 to about 35 wt. % . Preferably, the propellant is present in an amount from about 24 to about 50 wt. % , more preferably about 30 to about 45 wt. % , and optimally about 40 to about 45 wt. %. The following examples describe preferred exemplary embodiments of the present invention; these examples should not be interpreted as restricting the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims. Unless otherwise specified, all parts and percentages in these examples are by weight.

Example 1

As illustration of the first fragrance formulation embodiment of the present invention, various fragrance formulations comprising varying amounts of perfume, ethanol, and dipropylene glycol (DPG), a commonly used perfume solvent, were evaluated for fragrance intensity. In general, a sensory panel comprising about 15 to 20 people was exposed to each of the following fragrance formulations in a specially designed room and asked to attribute a rating of the fragrance using a fixed scale, e.g. from zero (0) to eight (8), with 0 being a weak to non-existent fragrance and 8 being an extremely strong fragrance. In particular, the room having a volume of 900 cubic feet (e.g. 10' x 10' x 9'), was maintained at a constant temperature of 72°F (± 2°F) and a substantially constant relative humidity of 40% (± 5%). Each of the fragrance compositions was dispensed from an aerosol container of the type described herein. Each formulation included 60% by weight of die fragrance formulation and 40% by weight of a propellant. In each case the perfume comprised a sweet floral fragrance. The results of these tests are set forth in Table 1.

TABLE 1

Fragrance

Composition Perfume Ethanol DPG Intensity

A 30 30 0 5.08

B 30 0 30 1.54

C 60 0 0 3.38

D 45 15 0 5.43

E 40 10 10 4.36

Example 2

In a manner similar to that set forth in Example 1, various other fragrance compositions were evaluated using an experimental technique for mixtures, such as the well-known McClean- Anderson technique. In conducting this evaluation, formulations containing 40% of a propellant and 60% of a fragrance formulation selected in accordance with the McClean- Anderson technique comprising ethanol, DPG, and a perfume were evaluated for fragrance intensity. The fragrance intensity values for these compositions were evaluated in accordance with the McClean-Anderson technique so that optimum fragrance intensity compositions could be extrapolated for various mixtures of the components. The results are set forth in the plot shown in Figure 9.

As shown in Figure 9, apex 100 represents an aerosol concentrate mixture containing 100% of a perfume, apex 200 represents an aerosol concentrate of 50% perfume and 50% ethanol, and apex 300 represents an aerosol concentrate of 50% perfume and 50% DPG. The fragrance intensities plotted on this concentration matrix are shown using alpha characters where A represents a fragrance intensity of 1.500, B a fragrance intensity of 2.250, C a fragrance intensity of 3.000, D a fragrance intensity of 3.750, E a fragrance intensity of 4.500, and F a fragrance intensity of 5.250.

As can be seen, a region of high fragrance intensity is identified between apex 100 and apex 200 as noted by the series of "F's". In contradistinction, mixtures comprising primarily DPG and a perfume were found to exhibit comparatively low fragrance intensities. Although the intensity plot in Figure 9 indicates that some extraneous materials such as DPG can be tolerated in the formulation, increasing quantities of such materials result in progressively diminishing effectiveness of the formulation. In a broad aspect of the invention, formulations have, with reference to Figure 9, fragrance intensities in the range of or greater than about 3.5, preferably in the range of or greater than about 3.75, more preferably in the range of or greater than about 4.5, and optimally in the range of or greater than about 5.250.

Example 3 As illustration of the second fragrance formulation of the present invention, various fragrance formulations comprising varying amounts of perfume, solvent and/or solvent/co- solvent mixture and propellant were evaluated for fragrance intensity in the same manner as described in Example 1. Each of the fragrance compositions was dispensed from an aerosol container of the type described herein. In each case the perfume comprised a sweet floral fragrance. The results of these tests are set forth in Table 2. TABLE 2

Fragrance

Composition Perfume Solvent Propellant Intensity

F 15 35 50 4.4

G 20 35 45 5J

H 25 35 40 4.4

I 30 35 35 4.2

J 35 35 30 4.5

K 40 30 30 4.6

L 20 56 24 2.6

The solvent of fragrance composition formulations F through J set forth in Table 2 comprised a solvent/co-solvent mixture comprising ethanol and isopropyl myristate. In particular, in each of compositions F through J the solvent mixture comprised 30 wt. % isopropyl myristate and 5 wt. % ethanol. In composition K no ethanol was included; d e solvent comprised only isopropyl myristate. In composition L the solvent mixture comprised 50% isopropyl myristate and 6% ethanol.

As can be seen from the various compositions set forth in Table 2, all possess desirable fragrance intensities such that when the formulation is used in connection with apparatus 10 in accordance with the present invention, desirable air treatment can be obtained.

Example 4

The various fragrance compositions set forth in Example 3 were further evaluated for longevity of fragrance intensity. The fragrance intensity values for these compositions were therefore evaluated not only after initial dispensation, but also at 2 hour intervals for three intervals, i.e., at 2 hours, at 4 hours and at 6 hours. The results are set forth in Table 3. TABLE 3

Initial

Fragrance After 2 After 4 After 6

Composition Intensity Hours Hours Hours

M 4.4 3.0 3J 2.o

N 5J 3.0 3.0 2.4

O 4.4 3.3 3J 2.2

P 4.2 2.8 3.3 2.8

Q 4.5 3.0 2.2 2.6

R 4.6 4.5 3.9 3.6

S 2.6 2.8 3.2 2.4

As shown in Table 3, a preferable composition useful in the context of the present invention possesses a fragrance intensity after initial dispensing in die range of about 2.0 to 6.0, preferably about 4.0 to about 6.0. As shown, these formulations are preferably capable of maintaining a fragrance intensity of 3.0 to 4.5 after 2 hours, and a fragrance intensity of about 2.2 to about 4J after 6 hours.

In accordance with a broad aspect of the invention, preferred fragrance compositions have, with continued reference to Table 3, initial fragrance intensities preferably in the range of or greater than about 2.6, more preferably in the range of or greater than about 4.2, and optimally in the range of or greater than about 4.4. These fragrance compositions suitably have desirable longevity characteristics such that the fragrance intensity of a preferred fragrance composition remains in the range of or greater than about 2.2, more preferably in the range of or greater than about 2.8 and optimally in the range of or greater than about 3.0 for at least 2 hours after initial dispensing.

It should be appreciated that while the foregoing Examples set forth preferred exemplary embodiments of the present invention as it pertains to fragrances, other materials are or may be useful in connection with the present invention. Such materials include but are not limited to deodorizers, biologically active disinfectants, bactericides, insecticides and insect repellents, insect pheromones, plant nutrient regulators and die like.

As can also be seen from me foregoing Examples, compositions in accordance wim the present invention have desirable fragrance intensities. While the mechanism underlying these results is not completely understood, it is possible that these enhanced fragrance intensity readings result from the improved dispersion of the perfume as enabled by the alcohol, solvent or solvent/co-solvent mixture carrier. In particular, the alcohol, solvent or solvent/co-solvent mixture may cause the perfume to be dispersed in very fine particles in a rapid fashion such that the fragrance is readily dissipated into the air. Given the high quantity of perfume contained within the compositions and die fine dispersion of those compositions in the air surrounding apparatus 10, long-lasting fragrances are obtainable.

Container 20 preferably is provided widi a fragrance formulation having one of die foregoing compositions. Once so provided, container 20 is "loaded" into apparatus 10. In particular, and with reference to Figures 4 and 6, e loading of apparatus 10 and use of the loaded apparatus 10 will now be described.

In assembling apparatus 10, upper portion 12 is preferably connected to lower portion 14 by placing attaching members 50 and 52 into attaching slots 70 and 72 such diat locking nibs 58 and 60 suitably engage locking ribs 74 and 76. Container 20 may be inserted into retainer 30 eidier before or after joining upper portion 12 to lower portion 14, as may be desired. Preferably, container 20 is placed into the aperture defined between tabs 46 and 48 wid actuating stem 24 disposed approximately in the center of that aperture. Force is then applied to die bottom of container 20 thereby causing legs 42 and 44 to spread apart in die direction shown by arrows 92 and 94. As best shown in Figure 7, tabs 46 and 48 are preferably provided widi sloping leading edges 96 and 98 which facilitate ease of insertion of container 20 into retainer 30. Once valve 22 passes over tabs 46 and 48, further pressure is applied to the bottom of container 20 until container 20 is locked into place within retainer 30. As the bottom of container 20 passes over tabs 46 and 48, legs 42 and 44 are caused to spring back into place such that the bottom of container 20 suitably rests on top of tabs 46 and 48. Container 20 is tfiereby suitably restrained within retainer 30.

Apparatus 10 is now ready for dispensing of die formulation contained within container 20. In particular and widi reference to Figure 6, as pressure is exerted on upper portion 12 of apparatus 10, actuating stem 24 is depressed, diereby causing release of the fragrance formulation dirough delivery aperture 26 to dispensing aperture 16 of upper portion 12. As the formulation contained widiin container 20 is dispensed, a misting spray S is produced. In accordance widi a preferred construction of container 20, as discussed hereinabove, a metered amount of the fragrance composition is released through valve 22, thus ensuring that the air treating formulation is not wasted and me fragrance is optimally dispersed. However, any residue which is collected from spray S or which remains from spray S can be collected in collection reservoir 18, dius preventing any residue from running down d e side of apparatus 10. Due to the composition of die formulation, the perfume contained within the formulation is readily and widely dispersed in die air surrounding apparatus 10. This efficient dispersion tends to enhance longevity of the fragrance as well as intensity of the fragrance, as compared to results from other air freshener devices. In addition, the useful life of container 20, and tiius apparatus 10 widi which it is used, is enhanced. Once die metered dose is released from valve 22, valve stem 24, and tiius upper portion 12, are returned to their normal closed positions. If desired (although generally not necessary), additional doses can be immediately obtained by again depressing upper portion 12 wid respect to lower portion 14.

When the formulation has been completely dispensed from container 20, container 20 can be directly removed from apparatus 10 in a fashion tiiat reverses the loading process described hereinabove. In particular, tabs 46 and 48 can be manually separated and container 20 removed from housing 30 of apparatus 10. In accordance widi a preferred aspect of die present invention, tabs 46 and 48 are separated and die bottom portion of container 20 grasped by d e user and removed from apparatus 10. Alternatively, upper portion 12 can be removed from lower portion 14 and container 20 removed from collar 40 by grasping valve 22 or die upper portion of container 20.

With reference to Figure 8, an alternative embodiment of the present invention is shown. In accordance widi tiiis embodiment, die bottom of lower portion 14 is provided widi a solid base 99. Loading of apparatus 10 in connection with this embodiment can be facilitated by removing upper portion 12, placing container 20 widiin collar 40 such diat it is retained in die bottom portion of retainer 30, and attaching upper portion 12 to lower portion 14 as described herein.

It will be understood diat the above description is of preferred exemplary embodiments of die present invention, and die invention is not limited to die specific forms shown herein. For example, the precise configuration of lower portion 14 and/or upper portion 12 can be modified as necessary to provide a suitable housing for die dispensing of die fragrance formulation disclosed herein. Moreover, it should be appreciated d at die dimensions set forth herein are merely for the purpose of illustration and that the invention is not necessarily limited thereby. Further, it should be appreciated diat die alcohol, solvent or co-solvent mixtures and/or perfumes usable in me context of die present invention can be modified to include otiier conventional aerosol additives, if desired. These and otiier modifications may be made in die design and arrangement of the elements within the scope of the invention, as expressed in die appended claims.

Claims

We claim: 1. An air treatment device comprising: a pressurized vessel containing a concentrated air-treating composition, said vessel having a metered valve and a moveable valve stem; and a dispenser for supporting said vessel, said dispenser comprising a first housing section having a dispensing aperture suitably positioned for communication with said valve stem and a second housing section having means for removably securing said vessel within said second housing, said first housing section being movable widi respect to said second housing section to move said valve stem and release a metered amount of said air-treating composition.

2. The air treatment device according to claim 1, wherein said air-treating composition consists essentially of about 30 to about 50 wt. % of a propellant, about 40 to about 60 wt. % of a perfume, and about 5 to about 10 wt. % alcohol.

3. The air treatment device according to claim 2, wherein said perfume is selected from the group of fragrances having a viscosity at room temperature in the range of about 10 to about 30 cps.

4. The air treatment device according to claim 1, wherein said vessel comprises an impact-extruded aluminum aerosol container having a metered dose valve affixed ti ereto.

5. The air treatment device according to claim 1, wherein said first housing section comprises a surface exhibiting a generally elliptical cross-section, and which is generally crescent-shaped and generally U-shaped, widi said dispensing aperture being carried in die top end thereof .

6. The air treatment device according to claim 5, wherein said second housing section comprises a generally elliptical base, said first housing section being receivable witiiin and movable with respect to said second housing section.

7. The air treatment device according to claim 6, wherein said second housing section includes at least a portion of a retainer for securing said vessel therewithin.

8. The air treatment device according to claim 7, wherein said first housing section includes at least a portion of said retainer.

9. The air treatment device according to claim 8, wherein said retainer of said first housing comprises a protuberance extending from said U-shaped surface, and wherein said retainer of said second housing comprises a collar having two leg members extending dierefrom, said leg members being movable widi respect to each other to permit insertion and removal of said vessel into and from said retainer.

10. The air treatment device according to claim 9, wherein said base has a major axis and a minor axis, the dimension of said major axis being greater than die dimension of said minor axis.

11. The air treatment device according to claim 10, wherein said leg members terminate at die distal ends thereof in tabs, said tabs being suitably configured to cause movement of said legs in a plane substantially along said major axis.

12. An air treatment device according to claim 1, wherein said air-treating composition consists essentially of between 25 and about 30 wt. % of a perfume; between about 25 and about 45 wt. % of a propellant; and between about 27 to about 90 wt. % of a solvent or co-solvent mixture.

13. An air treatment device according to claim 12, wherein said solvent or co- solvent mixture comprises an alcohol co-solvent present in an amount from about 0 to about 30 wt. % and a isopropyl myristate solvent.

14. A highly concentrated air-treating composition consisting essentially of: about 30 to about 50 wt. % of a propellant; about 30 to about 60 wt. % of a perfume; and about 2 to about 25 wt. % of an alcohol.

15. The air-treating composition of claim 14 wherein said propellant is present in an amount of about 40 to about 45 wt. % .

16. The air-treating composition of claim 15 wherein said perfume is present in an amount of about 40 to about 50 wt. % .

17. The air-treating composition of claim 16 wherein said alcohol comprises ethanol and is present in an amount of about 10 to about 20 wt. % .

18. The air-treating composition of claim 14 wherein said propellant is present in an amount of about 45 wt. % , said perfume is present in an amount of 50 wt. % and said alcohol is present in an amount of about 5 wt. % .

19. A highly concentrated air treatment composition consisting of about 45 wt. % of a propellant, about 50 wt. % of a perfume and about 5 wt. % of an alcohol.

20. The air treatment composition of claim 19 wherein said perfume has a viscosity at room temperature of about 10 to about 30 cps.

21. A method of treating air comprising die steps of: (a) providing a dispenser for use widi an aerosol container, said dispenser having means for removably receiving said aerosol container and means for actuating said aerosol container; (b) providing an aerosol container carrying a highly concentrated air treatment composition consisting essentially of about 45 wt% of a propellant, about 50 wt. % perfume, and about 5 wt. % etiianol; (c) inserting said aerosol container in said dispenser through actuation of said removable container receiving means; and (d) actuating said aerosol container to release said air treatment composition.

22. The method of claim 21 wherein said dispenser further comprises first and second sections, and wherein said inserting step further comprises actuating said receiving means which is carried by said second section.

23. An air treatment composition comprising sufficient quantities of a perfume, alcohol, dipropylene glycol, and a propellant such diat die fragrance intensity falls within die area bounded by die alpha characters "F" as set forth in die plot of fragrance intensities versus concentration shown in Figure 9.

24. An air treatment device comprising: a first portion comprising a base having a surface defining a generally elliptical configuration, said first portion having a support collar disposed therein for removably receiving a vessel containing a fragrance formulation, said vessel having an actuator associated there widi which, when actuated, releases said fragrance formulation from said device; and a second portion configured to engage and to be movable with respect to said first portion, said second portion being configured to actuate said vessel upon movement of said second portion widi respect to said first portion.

25. An air treatment composition consisting essentially of: between about 25 and about 30 wt. % of a perfume; between about 25 and about 45 wt. % of a propellant; and between about 30 and about 60 wt. % of a solvent/co-solvent mixture, said co-solvent of said mixture comprising an alcohol and being present in an amount from about 0 to about 30 wt. %, and said solvent comprising a substance being capable of diluting said perfume witiiout unduly depressing die fragrance intensity of said perfume and having low odor, generally low viscosity, generally low vapor pressure and generally low toxicity.

26. The air treatment composition of claim 25 wherein said solvent comprises isopropyl myristate present in an amount from about 30 to about 50 wt. % .

27. The air treatment composition of claim 25 wherein said solvent comprises an isoparaffinic hydrocarbon.

28. The air treatment composition of claim 25 wherein said solvent comprises a glycol etiier.

29. The air treatment composition of claim 25 wherein said solvent comprises isopropyl myristate, an isoparaffinic hydrocarbon, a glycol etiier, a glycol or mixtures thereof.

30. The air treatment composition of claim 25 wherein said co-solvent comprises ethanol.

31. An air treatment composition comprising from about 25 and about 30 wt. % of a perfume, from about 40 to about 45 wt. % of a propellant, from about 0 to about 30 wt. % of an ethanol co-solvent and from about 25 to about 35 wt. % of an isopropyl myristate solvent.

32. A method of treating air comprising die steps of: (a) providing a dispenser for use widi an aerosol container, said dispenser having means for removably receiving said aerosol container and means for actuating said aerosol container; (b) providing an aerosol container carrying a highly concentrated air treatment composition consisting essentially of about 45 wt% of a propellant, about 20 wt. % perfume, and about 35 wt. % of a solvent/co-solvent mixture; (c) inserting said aerosol container in said dispenser through actuation of said removable container receiving means; and (d) actuating said aerosol container to release said air treatment composition.

33. The method of claim 32 wherein said dispenser further comprises first and second sections, and wherein said inserting step further comprises actuating said receiving means which is carried by said second section.

34. A concentrated air-treating composition consisting essentially of: between about 15 to about 75 wt. % of a propellant; between about 10 to about 60 wt. % of a perfume; and between about 27 to about 90 wt. % of a solvent or solvent/co-solvent mixture.

35. The air-treating composition of claim 34 wherein said propellant is present in an amount of about 40 to about 45 wt. %.

36. The air-treating composition of claim 35 wherein said perfume is present in an amount of about 20 to about 30 wt. %.

37. The air-treating composition of claim 36 wherein said solvent comprises a solvent/co-solvent mixture, said solvent comprising isopropyl myristate present in an amount from about 25 to about 85 wt. % and said co-solvent comprising an alcohol present in an amount from about 0 to about 30 wt. %.

38. The air-treating composition of claim 37 wherein said propellant is present in an amount of about 45 wt. %, said perfume is present in an amount of about 20 wt. %, said isopropyl myristate is present in an amount of about 30 wt. % and said alcohol is present in an amount of about 5 wt. %.

39. A concentrated air treatment composition consisting of about 45 wt. % of a propellant, about 20 wt. % of a perfume, about 30 wt. % of isopropyl myristate and about 5 wt. % of edianol.

40. A concentrated air treatment composition consisting essentially of about 45 wt. % of a propellant, about 28 wt. % of a perfume, and about 27 wt. % isopropyl myristate.