WO1996007735A1 - Nouvelle desoxyribonuclease - Google Patents
Nouvelle desoxyribonuclease Download PDFInfo
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- WO1996007735A1 WO1996007735A1 PCT/JP1995/001775 JP9501775W WO9607735A1 WO 1996007735 A1 WO1996007735 A1 WO 1996007735A1 JP 9501775 W JP9501775 W JP 9501775W WO 9607735 A1 WO9607735 A1 WO 9607735A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N9/00—Enzymes; Proenzymes; Compositions thereof; Processes for preparing, activating, inhibiting, separating or purifying enzymes
- C12N9/14—Hydrolases (3)
- C12N9/16—Hydrolases (3) acting on ester bonds (3.1)
- C12N9/22—Ribonucleases [RNase]; Deoxyribonucleases [DNase]
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K16/00—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies
- C07K16/40—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against enzymes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K2319/00—Fusion polypeptide
Definitions
- the present invention relates to three novel desoxyribonucleases (hereinafter simply referred to as DNase).
- DNase novel desoxyribonucleases
- it relates to DNA fragmentation, a phenomenon characteristic of apoptosis, ie, a novel DNase that catalyzes the reaction of degrading chromatin DNA into mono- or oligonucleosome units.
- the present invention provides a DNA encoding the amino acid sequence of-(the following DNase 7) of the above novel DNas, a vector containing the DNA, a host cell transformed with the vector,
- the present invention relates to a method for producing the DNase by culturing the host cell, and an antibody having an affinity for the DNase or a precursor polypeptide thereof, or a fragment thereof.
- apoptosis has been attracting attention due to the death of cell tissue.
- This apoptosis unlike the necrosis (necrosis), which is a pathological cell death, is considered to be a death that is * originally integrated into the cell's own gene.
- necrosis necrosis
- necrosis necrosis
- Apoptosis is involved in numerous life phenomena as shown in Table 1 above. That is, not only morphogenesis during development, but also the replacement of normal cells such as epidermal cells of the skin, epithelial cells of the small intestine and stomach in mature individuals (removal of old cells), and the thymus, a hormone-dependent group It has been suggested that apoptosis also causes atrophy of glucocorticoids, atrophy of the prostate by castration, elimination of immunocompetent cells that react to self components, and elimination of neurotrophic factors. Apoptosis occurs not only in such physiological cell death, but also in irradiated cells and virus-infected cells.
- T cell depletion by AIDS virus is also caused by cell death by apoptosis.
- Apoptosis also occurs due to chemical and physical stimuli such as administration of drugs and toxins and heat.
- apoptosis also affects neuronal cell death in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, spontaneous loss of tumor cells in cancer foci, and cell death caused by anticancer drugs.
- the elucidation of the endonucleases involved in apoptosis chromatin DNA fragmentation and their regulatory mechanisms is important for understanding the entire molecular mechanism of apoptosis, as well as the mechanisms of cell survival and cell death. is there. Furthermore, it is useful in that it can be used as a means for diagnosing, preventing, or developing therapeutics for diseases such as cancer, autoimmune diseases, and AIDS involving apoptosis.
- the present inventors While studying the endonuclease involved in apoptosis, the present inventors selectively cleaved the linker site of chromatin DNA into the nuclear fraction of rat thymocytes, resulting in DNA fragmentation characteristic of apoptosis. New types of endonucleases that cause phenomena. These three types of endonucleases were isolated and purified, and as a result of further research, it was confirmed that one of them was an endonuclease involved in the fragmentation of apoptotic chromatin DNA. The present invention was completed by successfully determining and obtaining the primary structure of the endonuclease and the nucleotide sequence of its gene.
- DNaser A novel DNase (hereinafter, referred to as DNaser), which is an endonuclease capable of selectively cleaving a linker site of chromatin DNA and having the following properties.
- DNase A novel DNase that can selectively cleave the linker position of chromatin DNA and has the following properties (hereinafter, DNase).
- DNA having a nucleotide sequence encoding DNase according to any one of the above (1) or (4 :) to (6) Preferably, DNA having the base sequence (base numbers 87 to 941) described in SEQ ID NO: 2 in the Sequence Listing, more preferably DNA having the base sequence (base numbers 1 to 941) described in SEQ ID NO: 2 in the Sequence Listing.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing DNA fragmentation in apoptosis, and a photograph of an agarose gel electrophoresis image of fragmented DNA.
- Figure 2 shows photographs (a, b) showing the results of autoradiography of a part of DNA extracted from apoptotic rat thymus analyzed by the end labeling method and subjected to 2% agarose gel electrophoresis.
- a shows DNA extracted from irradiated apoptotic rat thymus
- b shows DNA extracted from dexamethasone-treated apoptotic rat thymus.
- Lane 1 alkaline phosphatase (APase) before labeling the 3 'end
- Lane 2 DNA that had been incubated in the absence of Apase before labeling the 3 'end.
- Lane 3 DNA incubated in the presence of APase before labeling the 5 'end.
- Lane 4 DNA incubated in the absence of APase before labeling the 5 * terminus.
- Figure 3 shows a HPLC profile of DNase active fraction obtained from S-S sepharose derived from normal rat thymus applied to a CM5 PW column, and a photograph showing an agarose gel electrophoresis image of each fraction. It is.
- FIG. 4 shows the HPLC profile of the DNase active fraction obtained from S-S sepharose from apoptotic rat thymus applied to a CM5 PW column, and the agarose gel S-electrophoresis image of each fraction. It is a photograph.
- FIG. 5 is a photograph showing a result of an active gel analysis of DNasea, / 8 and 7 (electrophoresis image).
- Lane 1 DNA mass of DNase produced from cell nuclei of normal rat thymus
- Lane 2 The results of analysis of DNase S molecule ⁇ purified from cell nuclei of normal rat thymus using an active gel system.
- Lane 3 Results of analysis of the molecular weight of DNase 7 purified from apoptotic cells irradiated with 7 rays using an active gel system.
- the protein molecular weight markers are phosphorylase b (97,400), cysteine albumin (66,200), ovalbumin (45,000), acetic acid dehydratase (31,500), and soybean tribusin inhibitor (21,400), respectively. 500) and lysozyme (14,400).
- Figure 6 shows the profile of TSKG-2000 SW gel 3 ⁇ 43 ⁇ 4H PLC of DNa secr ( Figure a), DNa se / S ( Figure b) and DNa se r ( Figure c).
- FIG. 7 is a photograph (agarose gel S electrophoresis image) showing the pH dependence of DNase ⁇ (FIG. A), ⁇ (FIG. B) and 7 (FIG. C). The activities of purified DNasea,; 5 and 7 were measured in acidic to basic (left to right in the photograph) buffers, respectively.
- Figure 8 shows the effect of 2 ffi spacing on the activity of DNa sea, ⁇ and ".
- A is the purified DNa sea (1 ⁇ 1), ⁇ (1 0 ⁇ ), r (- 1) shows the results obtained by measuring the activity of 1) in the presence of 3 mM Ca C 12 and increasing the degree of g of MgCl 2
- b purified DNa sea (1 ⁇ 1), ⁇ (-Q—) and r shows the (one cloudy I) activity results measured with increasing concentrations of CaC 12 in the presence of 3 mM MgC 1 2 of.
- c the concentration of Z nC 1 ⁇ in Itari ⁇ conditions for each DNa se Shows the results of measurement with the addition of.
- FIG. 9 is a photograph showing the mode of DNA degradation by DNasea, S, and 7, respectively (obtained by autoradiography using 2% agarose gel electrophoresis).
- Photo a shows the degradation of DNA extracted from the nuclei of HeLa S3 cells digested with DNase ⁇
- Photo b shows the degradation of DNA extracted from the nuclei of HeLa S3 cells digested with DNase / S.
- Photo c shows the degradation mode of DNA extracted from the HeLa S3 cell nucleus digested with DNase ⁇ .
- Lane 1 pretreated with alkaline phosphatase (APase) and then labeled at the 3 'end.
- APIase alkaline phosphatase
- Lane 2 3'-end labeling without pretreatment with APase.
- Lane 3 Pretreatment with APase and labeling at the 5 'end.
- Lane 4 5'-end labeling without pretreatment with APase.
- Figure 10 is a profile of SP5 PW HP LC. DNase activity of each fraction (Ichinichi), absorbance at 280 nm of each fraction (1), NaC 1 ⁇ gradient (11).
- FIG. 11 Separation of the DNAse 7 fragment restricted by endopeptidase using reverse phase HPLC.
- Lys fragment released by digestion with C-endodibutidase.
- Chromatin DNA fragments generated in apoptotic cells increase in proportion to short DNA fragments such as nucleosome monomers and dimers in proportion to the progression of apoptosis, but progress to complete monomers It does not stop, but stops in some state. Therefore, when DNA was extracted from apoptotic cells and analyzed for DNA by agarose gel S-electrophoresis, the DNA electrophoresis image showed an integer of the DNA (about 180 base pairs) contained in the nucleosome monomer. It is observed as a ladder as a double-length fragment.
- DNA fragmentation caused by apoptosis is dependent on Ca 2+ ZMg i + and is inhibited by Z. Furthermore, all of the DNA fragments produced are 3′-OH / 5′-P type double proteins having a phosphate group at the 5 ′ end.
- the DNase of the present invention comprises a nucleus of an animal cell, preferably a cell nucleus derived from the thymus, spleen K or liver K of a mammal such as a rat or a calf, more preferably a nucleus of a calf thymus or a cell derived from a rat spleen K.
- a mammal such as a rat or a calf
- the DNase ⁇ y exists in both the nuclei of normal cells and the nuclei of apoptotic cells with the same activity regardless of whether apoptosis is induced or not.
- DNase 7 is different from DNase ⁇ and DNase / S of the present invention, in which the activity is lost by inducing apoptosis.
- the apoptosis referred to here is not particularly limited by the cause of the apoptosis, and includes not only spontaneous apoptosis but also apoptosis artificially caused by irradiation, glycocorticoid treatment or the like.
- the DNase 7 of the present invention has a molecular weight of about 33,000 by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (hereinafter, referred to as SDS-PAGE), and about 31,000 by gel chromatography. It is a monomer polypeptide having a molecular weight of 000.
- SDS-PAGE sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
- the DNase 7 of the present invention selectively cleaves the linker site of chromatin DNA to produce a mono- or oligonucleolime having a phosphate group at the 5′-terminal side (5 ′-? / ⁇ ′ -OH formation).
- Type) DNase The optimal pH conditions for the DNase activity are neutral pH, preferably about pH 6.8 to about 7.6, more preferably about pH 7.2 in MOPS-NaOH buffer or Tris salt.
- activation of the DNase ⁇ requires the presence of both Ca 2+ and Mg + or at least one of Mn alone (in the present invention, the Ca 2V g i + , Mn-dependent Abbreviated).
- the concentration of the Ca 2+ , Mg or Mn 2+ is respectively 1 to 3 mM, preferably 3 mM. More preferably, both a 3 mM concentration of Ca "and a 3 mM concentration of Mg are present.
- DNase T activity is sensitive to micromolar concentrations of ⁇ 2, which are known to inhibit apoptosis, and ⁇ ⁇ concentrations as low as 40 / ⁇ .
- the DNase 7 of the present invention can be produced by using a known method such as a method of extracting and producing from animal nuclei, a method of chemical synthesis, or a gene recombination technique using animal tissues or cells as raw materials. . Specifically, the following method is exemplified.
- cells derived from thymus, spleen sensitivity or liver K of mammals such as rats and pups are used as raw materials to obtain non-ionic surfactants.
- the cell nuclei are isolated by homogenization in the presence using a neutral region, preferably a pH 7.8 solution. Then, the obtained isolated nucleus is optionally used in the presence of ammonium sulfate (preferable 81-form includes use of ammonium sulfate having a degree of S of 0.4 to 0.5 M). It is solubilized by sonication, and the upper surface is obtained by centrifugation.
- the obtained upper fraction was subjected to column chromatography using a separation ion exchanger, preferably a strongly acidic tetraion exchanger as a carrier, and developed by a linear gradient method according to the degree of salinity. get.
- the active fraction is further subjected to high performance liquid chromatography (hereinafter referred to as HPLC) using a column exchanger, preferably a weakly acidic ion-exchanger as a carrier, and similarly developed by a linear gradient method based on salt concentration. .
- HPLC high performance liquid chromatography
- CM5 PW column (5 mm ID X 50 mm; manufactured by Tosoiso) was used as a column, and 20 mM Tris-HCl containing ImM2-mercaptoethanol, 0.1 lmM PMS F and 10% ethylene glycol as eluents.
- KC1 is developed by the S gradient method using a buffer solution (pH 7.8)
- DNase 7 of the present invention is eluted at a KC1 concentration of about 0.55M.
- the elution active surface is subjected to a known purification chromatography such as HPLC using a heparin column, gel-based HPLC, or HPLC using an Oxion exchanger.
- the DNase 7 * of the present invention is capable of matching the mode of cleavage of the DNA fragment by the enzyme with the mode of cleavage of the DNA fragment produced in rat thymus or splenic K cells that have undergone apoptosis, in an ion-dependent manner. Due to similarities and the presence of the enzyme in the nuclei of rat I »glands or splenic K cells that caused apoptosis, DN ⁇ fragmentation of apoptosis in B3 ⁇ 4 glands or spleen K, especially in rat thymus or spleen contact It is thought to be an enzyme involved in
- the DNase “ ⁇ is used as a tool to elucidate the apoptosis that occurs in mammals including humans (eg, horses, horses, mice, rats, guinea pigs, and egrets) at the molecular level.
- mammals including humans (eg, horses, horses, mice, rats, guinea pigs, and egrets) at the molecular level.
- apoptosis-controlling drugs using a diagnostic agent or DNase ⁇ inhibitor and activator using DNA a method for evaluating apoptosis or apoptosis of pain or autoimmune disease using DNA kinase «Gene therapy Useful as a base S for establishing laws and regulations.
- the DNaseot of the present invention is preferably a nucleus of an animal cell, preferably a cell nucleus derived from the thymus, spleen K or liver K of a mammal such as a rat or a calf. Endonuclease in the nucleus.
- the DNase ⁇ is present in the nucleus of normal cells, and is hardly present in the nucleus of apoptotic cells.
- the DNasea of the present invention is a monomeric polypeptide that exhibits a molecular i of about 32,000 by SDS-PAGE and a molecular weight of about 28,000 by gel chromatography.
- the preferred embodiment of SDS-PAGE is described in detail in Reference Example 4 cited in Example 2 (1), and the preferred embodiment of gel chromatography is described in Example 2 (1).
- the DNase ⁇ of the present invention selectively cleaves a linker site of chromatin DNA to generate an oligonucleosome having a phosphate group at the 3 ′ end (3′-P / 5 ′)
- the optimal pH condition for the DNase activity is a weakly acidic pH, preferably a pH of about 5.4 to about 6.0 in a solution of drip acid-KOH buffer or MES-NaOH buffer solution. More preferably, the pH is about 5.6.
- the activity of the DNa sea is not affected by the presence or absence of divalent gold ions such as Ca, Mg 2+ and Mn. Furthermore, it is insensitive to ⁇ ⁇ + and inhibits the activity by about 50%. Further, the activity is completely inhibited by 100 / M of porin tricarboxylic acid, an inhibitor of DNase and RNase. However, the activity of the present DNasea is not inhibited by G-actin.
- the DNasea of the present invention can be produced by a known method such as a method of extracting and purifying animal tissues or cells as a raw material, a method of chemical synthesis, or a gene recombination technique. Specifically, the following method is exemplified.
- cell nuclei are monatized by homogenizing a rat thymus-derived cell with a neutral region, preferably a pH 7.8 solution, in the presence of a nonionic surfactant. Then, in the presence of sulfuric acid ammonium (a preferred embodiment includes the use of 0.15 to 0.25 M ammonium sulfate), if necessary, solubilization by ultrasonic treatment, and centrifugation To obtain the above fraction.
- a neutral region preferably a pH 7.8 solution
- sulfuric acid ammonium a preferred embodiment includes the use of 0.15 to 0.25 M ammonium sulfate
- the obtained upper surface fraction was subjected to column chromatography using a Zion exchanger, preferably a strongly acidic dion exchanger as a carrier, and developed by a linear gradient method based on salt concentration to obtain an eluted active surface component I do. Then, the active surface fraction is further subjected to HPLC using a K ion exchanger, preferably a weakly acidic IS ion exchanger as a carrier, and similarly developed by a linear gradient method based on salt concentration. At this time, a CM5PW column (5 mm ID x 5 Omm; manufactured by Tosoh Corporation) was used as a column, and lmM2-mercaptoethanol, 0. ImM PMSF and 10% ethylene glycol were used as eluents. When a gradient is applied to KC1 using OmM Tris-HCl buffer (pH 7.8), DNase ⁇ of the present invention is eluted at a KC1 concentration of about 0.25%.
- the DNase of the present invention is used as a reagent for analyzing the DNA cleavage mode generated in mammals including humans (eg, horses, horses, mice, rats, guinea pigs, rabbits, etc.).
- '-P / 5' is useful in that it can be used as a basis for developing antiviral agents because it cleaves into mono-OH-producing form.
- the DNase / 8 of the present invention may be a nucleus of an animal cell, preferably a cell nucleus derived from the thymus, spleen K or liver K of a mammal such as a rat or a calf, and more preferably a cell derived from a calf thymus or a rat spleen K. It is an endonuclease that exists in the nucleus. Further, the DNase> S is present in the nucleus of normal cells, and is hardly present in the nucleus of apoptotic cells.
- the DNaseS of the present invention has a molecular weight of about 32,000 according to SDS-PAGE and a molecular weight of about 30,000 according to gel permeation chromatography.
- SDS-PAGE is described in detail in Reference Example 4 cited in Example 2 (1), and the preferred embodiment of gel chromatography is described in Example 2 (1).
- the DNase 3 of the present invention selectively cleaves a linker site of chromatin DNA to produce an oligonucleotide (3′-P / 5 * -OH-producing type) having a phosphate group at the 3 ′ end.
- the pH condition most suitable for the DNase activity is a weakly acidic pH, preferably a pH of about 5.2 to about 6. in a KOH buffer solution or MES-NaOH solution. 2. More preferably, the pH is about 5.6.
- the DNase / S has activity independent of divalent metals such as Ca 2+ , Mg, and Mn, and is insensitive to ⁇ ⁇ + (50% activity inhibition Degree> about ImM). Further, the activity is completely inhibited by phosphine tricarboxylic acid 100 which is an inhibitor of DNase and RNase.
- this DNa se is an inhibitor of DNase and RNase.
- DNase; 5 of the present invention can be produced by appropriately using a known method such as a method of extracting and purifying animal tissues or cells as a raw material, a method of chemical synthesis, or a gene recombination technique. Specifically, the following method is exemplified.
- cells derived from rat thymus, spleen or liver K are used as a raw material, and the cells are homogenized in the presence of a nonionic surfactant in a neutral region, preferably using a buffer solution having a pH of about 7.8. Isolate the cell nucleus. Then, in the presence of ammonium sulfate (preferably, 0.2 to 0.3 M ammonium sulfate is used), if necessary, solubilization by sonication, and centrifugation. To obtain the fraction.
- a nonionic surfactant in a neutral region
- ammonium sulfate preferably, 0.2 to 0.3 M ammonium sulfate is used
- the obtained upper fraction was subjected to column chromatography using a cation exchanger, preferably a strongly acidic cation exchanger, and developed by a linear gradient method based on salt concentration, and the eluted active fraction was analyzed. get.
- the active fraction is further subjected to HPLC using a carrier of a separate ion exchanger, preferably a weakly acidic ion exchanger, and similarly developed by a direct gradient method based on a salt concentration.
- a CM5 PW column 5 mm 1.D.
- the eluted active fraction is appropriately combined with known purification chromatography such as HPLC using a heparin column, gel chromatography, and HPLC using an ion exchanger to obtain a more highly purified DNase / S. You can get it.
- the DNaseS thus obtained can be subjected to dialysis, centrifugation, lyophilization and the like.
- the DNAse ⁇ of the present invention is used as a reagent for analyzing the mode of cleavage of DNA generated in mammals including humans (eg, horses, mice, rats, guinea pigs, and egrets).
- Phosphorus is useful as a basis for developing antiviral agents because it cleaves viral DNA into 3'-PZ5'-OH-producing forms.
- a preferred embodiment of the DNAse of the present invention is a DNAse having an amino acid sequence represented by amino acid numbers 26 to 310 in the amino acid sequence substantially shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 in the Sequence Listing.
- Such an amino acid sequence is not particularly limited as long as the property of DNase ⁇ is not changed, and substitution, deletion, insertion or modification may occur in a part of the amino acid sequence.
- DNase 7 having the amino acid sequence can be produced by appropriately using a known method such as a method of extracting W from the cell nucleus of an animal tissue or cell, a method of chemical synthesis, or a gene recombination technique.
- a known method such as a method of extracting W from the cell nucleus of an animal tissue or cell, a method of chemical synthesis, or a gene recombination technique.
- cells derived from the thymus, spleen K or liver K of lambs such as rats and pups, and more preferably cells derived from rat spleen K are used as a raw material and the method described in (a) above.
- a method of extracting and purifying by the same process is exemplified.
- the amino acid sequence of the DNase 7 can be directly identified by integrating the data obtained by the following 1 to ⁇ ,
- the cDNA or the genomic DNA of the DNAse 7 is cloned and identified by an indirect method of determining the corresponding amino acid sequence from the base sequence of the coding region (ORF).
- DNase 7 of the present invention is first synthesized in a cell as a precursor DNase 7 having a precursor peptide region on the N-terminal side thereof, and then the N-terminal precursor peptide region is cleaved by a peptide enzyme. It becomes mature DNase 7.
- N-terminal precursor peptide region has substantially the amino acid sequence represented by amino acid numbers 1 to 25 in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1 in Sequence Listing.
- amino acid sequence is not particularly limited as long as it does not change the properties of the DNase 7 and is normally processed. Substitution, deletion, insertion or modification with a part of the amino acid sequence May be happening.
- the amino acid sequence of the N-terminal precursor peptide region was determined by cloning cDNA or genomic DNA, determining the nucleotide sequence thereof, and comparing the amino acid sequence corresponding to the nucleotide sequence of 0RF contained in the nucleotide sequence with that of s mature DNase 7. It can be determined by comparing the amino acid sequence near the N-terminus.
- the DNA of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it has a nucleotide sequence encoding the amino acid sequence of DNase 7 of the present invention, but is preferably amino acid 26 in the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 in the Sequence Listing.
- the DNA of the present invention also includes a DNA encoding a precursor polypeptide of the DNAse 7 of the present invention having an N-terminal precursor peptide region.
- it is a DNA substantially encoding DNase 7 having an amino acid sequence represented by amino acid numbers 1 to 25 in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1 as an N-terminal precursor peptide, and is preferably Is a DNA encoding an amino acid sequence represented by amino acid numbers 1 to 310 in the amino acid sequence described in SEQ ID NO: 1, more preferably a nucleotide sequence represented by base numbers 12 to 941 in the nucleotide sequence described in SEQ ID NO: 2 Are exemplified.
- the DNA of the present invention may be obtained by any method.
- complementary DNA cDNA
- mRNA complementary DNA
- cDNA complementary DNA
- genomic DNA DNA obtained by chemical synthesis
- RNA RNA
- DNA obtained by spreading DNA by PCR using type I as DNA and Use these methods appropriately
- mRNA polynucleotide (A) RNA
- A polynucleotide
- mRNA is prepared from cells such as rat gland or spleen K that express and produce DNase7.
- the mRNA may be prepared by known methods such as the guanidine thionate method CChirgwin, JM et al. Biochem. 18.5294 (1979)], the thermal phenol method or the acid guanidine-phenol-chloroform (AGPC) method.
- the total RNA prepared by the method can be subjected to affinity chromatography using oligo (dT) cellulose, Boli U-Sepharose, or the like. Then, the obtained mRNA is used as a spire type, and known methods such as, for example, using reverse transcriptase COkayama. H. et al. Uol. Cell. Biol .. 2, 161 (1982) and 3, 280 (1983) ), Gubler. H. and Hoffman. BJ. Gene. 25. 263 (1983) etc.), nicks were introduced into type I RNA with RNase H, and double-stranded cDNA with DNA bolimerase I. Is prepared.
- the cDNA is incorporated into a plasmid vector or a phage vector, and transformed into a large K bacterium or subjected to in vitro packaging to prepare a cDNA library.
- the plasmid vector used here is not particularly limited as long as it can be replicated and maintained in the host, and any phage vector that can be propagated in the host may be used.
- Examples of a commonly used cloning vector include pUC119, ⁇ gt10, 11 and the like.
- a vector having a promoter capable of expressing a DNAse gene in a host is preferred.
- Methods for incorporating cDNA into plasmid include, for example, Maniatis, T. et al., Molecular Cloning, A Laboratory Manual, second edition; Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory. 1.53 (1989) And the method described in 4.
- the phage vector contains cDNA.
- a method for introducing brasside into a host is described in Molecular Cloning. A Laboratory Manual, second edition of Maniatis. T. et al., Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory. 1.74 (1989). And the calcium chloride method, the calcium chloride Z rubidium chloride method, the electroporation method and the like.
- Examples of a method for introducing a phage vector into a host include a method in which phage DNA is packaged in vitro, and then introduced into a grown host. In vitro packaging can be easily carried out by using a commercially available in vitro packaging kit (for example, manufactured by Stratagene, Amersham, etc.).
- the method for isolating the cDNA encoding the DNAse 7 of the present invention from the cDNA library prepared by the above method can be carried out by combining a general cDNA screening method.
- the nucleotide sequence of the DNA thus obtained was determined by the Maxam-Gilbert method (Maxain, A.
- DNase7 cDNA can be obtained by cutting out all or a part of the clone obtained as described above using a restriction enzyme or the like.
- the following method is exemplified as a method for isolating a DNA encoding DNase ⁇ of the present invention from one genomic DNA library.
- genomic DNA is prepared from cells such as rat thymus or spleen K using a known method such as the SDS-phenol method and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) method.
- CTCAB cetyltrimethylammonium bromide
- RNA is degraded and removed by ribonuclease.
- the resulting DNA is partially digested with a suitable IS enzyme, and the obtained DNA fragment is amplified with a suitable phage or cosmid to prepare a library.
- a clone having the desired sequence is detected by, for example, a method using a DNA probe which has been subjected to radioactivity, and all or a part of the DNAse ⁇ r3 ⁇ 4 gene is cut out from the clone with a restriction enzyme or the like and obtained. .
- the production of the DNA of the present invention by chemical synthesis involves synthesizing all or a part of the base sequence represented by base numbers 12 to 941 in the base sequence described in SEQ ID NO: 2 in the Sequence Listing. Can be performed.
- the present invention further relates to a recombinant vector containing the DNA encoding the above-mentioned DNAse7.
- the recombinant vector of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it can maintain or replicate in various prokaryotic and Z or eukaryotic host cells, and includes a brassmid vector and a phage vector.
- the recombinant vector is a vector for recombination conveniently available in the art.
- Bosmid DNA and pacteriophage DNA can be prepared by ligating the DNA encoding the DNaser of the present invention by a conventional method.
- Specific examples of the integration vector used include Escherichia coli-derived plasmids such as PBR322 and pBR325.pUC12.pUC13, and yeast-derived plasmids such as pSHI9 and pSH15. pTP5. pC19 and the like.
- the phage include bacterium phage such as ⁇ phage, and animal and insect viruses [pVL1393 (manufactured by Invitrogen)] such as retrovirus, puccinia virus, and nucleopolyhedrovirus.
- An expression vector is useful for expressing and producing DNase7.
- the expression vector is not particularly limited as long as it has a function of expressing the DNase7 gene in various host cells of prokaryotic cells and / or eukaryotic cells and producing the enzyme.
- an expression vector When a bacterium, particularly Escherichia coli, is used as a host cell, an expression vector generally comprises at least a promoter-operator region, an initiation codon, DNA encoding the DNAse of the present invention, a stop codon, a terminator region, and a replicable unit.
- the expression vector preferably contains at least a promoter, an initiation codon, a DNA encoding the DNase ⁇ r of the present invention, and a stop codon.
- One region of the promoter-operator for expressing the DNase 7 of the present invention in bacteria is a region containing a promoter, an operator and a Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence (for example, AAGG).
- SD Shine-Dalgarno
- the host is Escherichia coli, preferably a Trp promoter, a lac promoter, a recA promoter, a ⁇
- 2 1g replacement paper examples include those containing a PL promoter, an lpp promoter, a tac promoter, and the like.
- examples include the SL01 promoter, the SP02 mouth motor, and the penP promoter.
- examples of a promoter for expressing the DNase 7 of the present invention in eukaryotic yeast include a PH05 open motor, a PGK promoter, a GAP promoter, an ADH promoter, and a host such as a mammalian cell.
- promoters derived from SV40, retrovirus promoters, heat shock promoters, and the like can be mentioned.
- it is SV-40, a small virus.
- the use of enhansa is also an effective method for expression.
- Suitable initiation codons include methionine codon (ATG).
- Examples of the stop codon include common stop codons (eg, TAG, TGA, TAA, etc.).
- As the terminator region a commonly used natural or synthetic terminator can be used.
- a replicable unit is DNA that has the ability to replicate its entire DNA sequence in a host cell. It can be a natural or artificially modified plasmid (prepared from natural plasmid). DNA fragments) and synthetic plasmids. Examples of suitable plasmids include plasmid pBR322 or an artificially modified product thereof (a DNA fragment obtained by treating PBR322 with an S enzyme) in E. coli, and yeast 2 ⁇ plasmid in yeast.
- yeast chromosome DNA and in mammalian cells, plasmid pRSVneo ATCC 37198.Brasmid pSV2 dhfr ATCC 37145, brassmid pdBPV-MMTneo ATCC 37224, brassmid pSV2neo ATCC
- polyadenylation site and slicing junction site those commonly used by those skilled in the art, such as those derived from SV40, for example, can be used.
- the selection marker s of those commonly used can be routinely used
- antibiotic resistance genes such as tetracycline, ampicillin, and kanamycin.
- the expression vector of the present invention is obtained by linking at least the above-mentioned promoter, initiation codon, DNA encoding DNase ⁇ of the present invention, termination codon and terminator region to an appropriate replicable unit in a continuous and circular manner. Can be prepared. At this time, if desired, an appropriate DNA fragment (for example, linker, other restriction site, etc.) can be used by a conventional method such as digestion with a restriction enzyme or ligation using T4 DNA ligase.
- the transformed cell of the present invention can be produced by introducing the above-described expression vector into a host cell.
- the host cell used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is compatible with the above-mentioned expression vector and can be transformed.Natural cells or artificially established cells usually used in the technical field of the present invention are used. Various types of cells such as the obtained recombinant cells [eg, bacteria (Escherichia bacteria, Bacillus bacteria), yeasts (Saccharomyces medica, genus Bichia, etc.), animal cells or insect cells, etc.] are exemplified.
- Escherichia coli or animal cells specifically Escherichia coli (DH5, HB101, etc.), mouse-derived cells (COP, L, C127, Sp2 / 0, NS-1 or NIH3 T3, etc.) , Rat-derived cells, hamster-derived cells ( ⁇ and C ⁇ , etc.), monkey-derived cells (COS1, COS3, COS7, CV1 and Velo, etc.) and human-derived cells (Hela, diploid diploid buds) Cells derived from cells, myeloma cells, Namalwa, etc.).
- Escherichia coli DH5, HB101, etc.
- mouse-derived cells COP, L, C127, Sp2 / 0, NS-1 or NIH3 T3, etc.
- Rat-derived cells hamster-derived cells ( ⁇ and C ⁇ , etc.)
- monkey-derived cells COS1, COS3, COS7, CV1 and Velo, etc.
- human-derived cells Hela, diploid diploid buds
- Transduction (transformation or transfection) of an expression vector into a host cell can be performed by a conventionally known method.
- bacteria E. coli, Bacillus subtilis, etc.
- Cohen et al. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA .. 69. 2110 (1972)
- Saccharomyces cerevisiae for example, the method of Hinnen et al. CProc. Natl. Acad. Scad. USA. . 75. 1927
- the DNase "of the present invention is produced by culturing a transformed cell containing the so-called expression vector (hereinafter referred to as including a transfectant) in a nutrient medium. can do.
- the nutrient medium preferably contains a carbon source, an inorganic nitrogen source or an organic nitrogen source necessary for the growth of the host cell (form K transformant).
- carbon sources include glucose, dextran, soluble starch, and sucrose.
- inorganic or organic nitrogen sources include ammonium clays, nitrates, amino acids, corn chip liquor, peptone, casein, and meat extract. , Soybean meal, potato extract, etc. are exemplified.
- other nutrients eg, inorganic salts (eg, calcium chloride, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium chloride), vitamins, antibiotics (eg, tetracycline, neomycin, ambicilin, kanamycin, etc.), etc.) are included. May be.
- the culturing is performed by a method known in the art. Culture conditions, for example, temperature, pH of the medium, and culture time are appropriately selected so that DNase 7 is produced in large quantities.
- a liquid medium containing the above-mentioned nutrients is suitable.
- the medium has a pH of 5 to 8.
- preferred mediums include LB medium, M9 medium CMiller. J., Exp. Mol. Genet, p.431. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory. New York (1972)].
- the cultivation can be carried out for about 3 to 24 hours, usually 14 to 43 times, with aeration and agitation as necessary.
- the host is yeast
- Burkholder minimal medium CBostian.K.shi et al, Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci. USA. 77.4505 (1980)] is used, and the pH is 5 to 5. It is desirable to be 8.
- the cultivation is usually carried out at about 20 to 35 for about 14 to 144 hours, and if necessary, aeration and / or agitation can be carried out.
- a MEM medium containing, for example, about 5 to 20% fetal bovine serum [Science. 122. 501 (1952, DMEM medium Virology. 8.396 (1959)]), PI 16 199, 519 (1967)], 199 medium Cproc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med.. 73.1 (1950)] and the like.
- the pH of the medium is preferably about 6 to 8, and the culture is usually carried out at about 30 to 40 for about 15 to 72 hours, and aeration and / or agitation can be carried out if necessary.
- the host is an insect cell, for example, Grace's medium containing fetal calf blood serum, CProc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 82, 8404 (1985)], etc., and its pH is about 5 to 8 Is preferred.
- the cultivation is usually carried out at about 20 to 40 to 15 to 100 hours, and if necessary, aeration and stirring can be carried out.
- the DNase 7 of the present invention can be obtained from the culture obtained by the above culture ft as follows.
- the DNase ⁇ r of the present invention when the DNase ⁇ r of the present invention is present in the culture solution of the culture, the obtained culture is subjected to a method such as ⁇ * or centrifugation to obtain a culture solution (supernatant).
- the DNase 7 is saccharide-produced and isolated according to a commonly used method for purifying and isolating a natural or synthetic protein from a culture broth.
- Isolation and purification methods include, for example, methods using solubility such as salting out and solvent precipitation, dialysis, ultrafiltration, gel elimination, sodium dodecyl sodium urea-polyacrylamide gel S-electrophoresis, and the like. Methods that utilize differences, methods that use load ⁇ , such as ion-exchange chromatography, and liquid chromatography, and methods that use specific affinity, such as affinity chromatography, and methods that use reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography.
- the culture is subjected to a conventional method such as centrifugation or centrifugation to separate the cells or cells.
- the cells are collected, suspended in an appropriate Sui street solution, and the cell wall and / or cell abdomen such as cells are destroyed by, for example, ultrasonication, lysozyme, and freeze-thawing, and then the DNAse is centrifuged or filtered. A fine fraction containing 7 is obtained.
- a surfactant such as Triton-X100 to obtain a crude solution.
- the crude solution can be isolated and purified by using a conventional method as exemplified above.
- the DNase 7 is present in the nucleus of the cultured transformed cells, the cell wall and cell ⁇ ⁇ are destroyed by a conventional method to isolate the nucleus, and then the nucleus is destroyed by ultrasonic treatment or the like. Then, centrifugation is performed to obtain the supernatant, which can be purified into a single bran by using a conventional method as exemplified above.
- the present invention also relates to an antibody having an affinity for the above-mentioned DNAse or a precursor polypeptide thereof or a peptide having a part of the amino acid sequence thereof.
- the antibodies of the present invention include both polyclonal antibodies and monoclonal antibodies having the above properties.
- the monoclonal antibody includes a monoclonal antibody belonging to any of the immunoglobulin classes of IgG, IgM, IgA, IgD, and IgE. Or a 1 g M immunoglobulin class monoclonal antibody.
- the antibody of the present invention can be obtained according to a conventional method (Tokyo Biochemical Experiment Course 5, Immunology and Biochemistry Research Method, edited by The Biochemical Society of Japan, published by Tokyo Kagaku Dojin, etc.).
- the polyclonal antibody of the present invention can be prepared by the following method.
- the monoclonal antibody against DNase "T of the present invention can be produced from a hybridoma (fused cell) produced by so-called cell I fusion. That is, the antibody can be produced from an antibody-producing cell and a bone ftoma cell line. A hybrid dome is formed, the hybrid dome is cloned, and a (b) peptide having a part or all of the amino acid sequence of the DNase ⁇ or its precursor of the present invention is used as an antigen, and the specific affinity for the peptide is determined. It is produced by selecting a clone that produces the antibody shown in Table 1. The procedure is as follows except that a (poly) peptide having a part or all of the amino acid sequence of the DNase « ⁇ or its precursor of the present invention is used as the immunizing antigen. Can use a conventionally known means.
- the immunizing antigen is produced, for example, by mixing a (poly) peptide having part or all of the amino acid sequence of DNAse 7 or its precursor with complete or incomplete Freund's adjuvant.
- a (poly) peptide having part or all of the amino acid sequence of DNAse 7 or its precursor with complete or incomplete Freund's adjuvant.
- the animal used as the target for immunization include mammals such as mice, rats, guinea pigs, hamsters, and egrets, preferably mice or rats, and more preferably mice. Immunization is carried out by subcutaneous, intramuscular, intravenous, Hoodpat II or intraperitoneal injection of these mammals one to several times.
- a booster immunization is performed 1 to 4 times about every 1 to 4 times after the initial immunization, and a final immunization is performed about 1 to 4 days later, and an immune immunity is obtained about 3 to 10 days after the final immunization.
- the antibody-producing cells are collected from the produced animal.
- the preparation of a hybridoma that secretes a monoclonal antibody can be carried out according to the method of Koehler and Milstein et al. (Nature, Vol. 256, pp. 495-497. 1975) and a modification method analogous thereto. That is, the monoclonal antibody of the present invention is preferably of the same species as the antibody-producing cells contained in spleen ⁇ , lymph node, bone or prosthesis, preferably spleen K, obtained from the animal immunized as described above. mouse of,
- a fusion cell (hypridoma) obtained by fusion with a mammal such as rat, guinea pig, hamster, rabbit, human or the like, and more preferably mouse, rat or human bone tt tumor cell line (myeloma).
- the culture can be performed in vitro or in vivo in a mammal such as a mouse, rat, guinea pig, hamster, or a heron, preferably in a mouse or rat, more preferably in a mouse ascites, and the like. Alternatively, it can be obtained from ascites of a mammal.
- Bone tumor cells used for cell fusion include, for example, mouse myeloma P3
- Screening of fused cell clones producing the monoclonal antibody of the present invention can be performed by, for example, culturing the combined cells in, for example, a microtiter plate, and determining the reactivity of the cultured gel with the antigen on the culture.
- the measurement can be performed by an enzyme antibody method such as RI RI or ELISA.
- Purification and isolation of the monoclonal antibody can be performed using a blood, ascites or ion-exchange chromatography (such as DEAE or DE52), an anti-immunoglobulin column or the like containing the monoclonal antibody of the present invention obtained by the method described above. It can be performed by subjecting to affinity column chromatography such as a brotin A column.
- the “monoclonal antibody” of the present invention is not limited to the production method described above, and may be obtained by any method.
- the monoclonal antibody J has a sugar chain having a different structure depending on the type of mammal to be immunized, but the “monoclonal antibody” in the present invention is limited by the structural difference of the sugar chain. But also encompasses monoclonal antibodies from any mammal. Furthermore, for example, by incorporating a human immunoglobulin gene,
- the suspension was suspended with a Krebs-Ringer phosphate solution containing 1 OmM glucose. After processing by ⁇ or irradiated with r ray, or 1 0 ⁇ 7 Micromax Dexa methasone of the thymus gland 1 0 Gy location of * Co, Ri by to 4 hours fin-incubated over Chillon at 37 'C, apoptosis was induced. These treated apoptotic thymus were used for morphological examination by microscopic microscopy and analysis of DNA fragments by 2% agarose gel electrophoresis.
- the thymus of the rats treated with 7 rays was observed with a radioscopic microscope. Compared to normal thymus, morphological changes such as chromatin clots in the nucleus specific to apodosis and the loss of hypertrophoblasts on the cell surface were evident. Similar morphological changes were also observed in the W glands of rats treated with dexamethasone.
- Dissolve cells that have undergone apoptosis by irradiation in a buffer solution for dissolution [5 OmM Tris-HCl (pH 7.8), 1 OmM EDTA, 0.5% w / w N-lauronil sarcosylate Na] did.
- the obtained DNA was sufficiently treated with 0.5 mgZml RNaseA for 20 minutes and with 0.5 mg / ml proteinase K for 30 minutes, and then subjected to 2% agarose gel electrophoresis. And the mouth
- DNA was starved from the apoptotic rat thymus obtained in Reference Example 1 by phenol-chloroform extraction.
- Labeling of the 3 'end of the obtained DNA was carried out in the presence of 25 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.6), 1 OmM DTT and ImM CaC 1, in the presence of a DNA fragment by T dT (5U: Takara Shuzo). and [alpha - Si P] dCTP (0. 83 m C i / m 1; DuPont) was carried out by incubating out with.
- labeling of the 5 'end is performed in the presence of 10 OmM Tris-HCl (pH 7.6), 2 OmM MgC 1 j. 1 OmM DTT and 0.2 mM spermidine.
- the cells were treated with ammonium acid / isobrobanol and the labeled DNA was recovered by precipitation from nucleotides not used for labeling.
- the labeled DNA was recovered by precipitation from nucleotides not used for labeling.
- the DNA in the gel was transferred to a membrane, and the membrane was subjected to autoradiography.
- the obtained autoradiogram is shown in FIG. 2 (a: DNA from irradiated apopto ⁇ -cis induced thymus, b: DNA from dexamethasone-treated apoptosis-induced thymus).
- Endonuclease activity is based on the nucleus of HeLa S3 cells (human uterine epithelial cells) that do not contain any endogenous endonuclease, and the degradation of chromosome DNA in the nucleus is determined by 2% agarose gel. (See Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 194, (1993), pp. 30-31).
- HeLa S3 cells (1. 67 x 1 0 7 / m 1) and at 37 in the reaction mixture (30 1) among containing DN ase surface fraction, after 60 minutes ⁇ process, cooling on ice To stop the reaction. Next, the reaction mixture after the reaction was
- the activity of the endonuclease is measured by observing the degradation of the chromosomal DNA of the brassmid by 0.8% agarose gel-g electrophoresis using supercoiled pBSIISK (-) brasmid as a substrate. be able to. Specifically, the reaction was performed at 37 ° C. for 10 minutes in a reaction mixture (301) containing supercoiled pBS IIS K (-) plasmid (6.6 Tmg / m 1) and the DNase area. Thereafter, the reaction is stopped by cooling on ice.
- the reaction mixture after the reaction is treated with phenol-cloth form to extract plasmid DNA, and the aqueous ⁇ is subjected to 0.8% agarose gel electrophoresis. Observe the DNA fragment pattern stained with ethidium ⁇ -mid using a photograph taken under UV irradiation.
- the fragmentation ratio (percent fragmentation) is determined by the density of DNA fragments having a molecular weight of less than 5 kb.
- Example 1 various DNases purified and obtained in Example 1 were separated by electrophoresis in a Laemm1iSDS-PAGE gel containing 200 tgZm1 of natural thyme DNA.
- the calibration curve of the molecular weight on the SDS gel measured with the standard protein was not affected by the presence of 200 g / l double-stranded DNA in the SDS gel.
- the gel was washed with 1 OmM Tris-HCl (pH 7.8) and 5 mM 2-mercaptoethanol at 50 for 1 hour to remove SDS, and then at 4 with 1 OmM Tris-HCl ( The DNase was refolded at pH 7.8). Then the gel 1 Omm Tris-HCl (pH7. 8), and appropriate time ⁇ fin-incubated over Chillon at 37 with a solution containing 3 mM CaC l 2 and 3mM Mg C 1 2.
- Distinct nuclease activity was detected as dark areas on a fluorescent background after staining the gel with ethidium bromide and irradiating with UV.
- rat thymus was buffered with 0.1% Neudet -40 (NP-40) in buffer A [1 OmM Tris-HCl (pH 7.8), 2m2-mercaptoethanol, 0.3m PMSF. 1 s ].
- the homogenate was centrifuged at 600 xg for 10 minutes. Collect the nuclear fraction (containing mitochondria) collected by ft and centrifuge the upper fraction for 1 hour at 150,00 O xg for 1 hour. The above fraction was called the cytosol surface fraction.
- the endonuclease activity present in each of the obtained surface segments was determined by the method described in Reference Example 3.
- the obtained supernatant (nuclear extract) was flattened with buffer solution N [2 OmM Tris-HCl (pH 7.8), 1 mM 2-mercaptoethanol, 0.1 ImM PMSF, 10% ethylene glycol]. It was applied to an S-Sepharose column (1 cm ID XI, 3 cm; manufactured by Pharmacia). After washing the column with buffer N, the column was developed by linearly increasing the salt S degree (KC 1) in buffer N from 0 M to 1 M (300 min) (flow rate 0.15 m 1 Zm). in). As a result of the measurement by the method of Reference Example 1 in Reference Example 3, the active substance of DNase was recovered as a single beak eluted with 0.6 M KC1.
- the surface of the active substance was subjected to HP LC using a CM 5 PW force ram (5 mm ID x 50 mm; manufactured by Tosoh I) that had been equilibrated with buffer N to obtain a 0 to 1 M KC 1 straight line of buffer N. Elution was performed with a gradient (35 min ⁇ ) (flow rate: 0.3 m 1 / min).
- each active surface (DNase, DNaseS and DNaser) was purified by a series of HPLC using heparin 5 PW. G2000 SW and CM5 PW columns.
- each DNase fraction was applied to a heparin 5 PW column (5 mm ID x 50 mm: manufactured by Tosoh I) that had been equilibrated with buffer N, and the protein was 0 to 1 M in buffer N.
- a heparin 5 PW column (5 mm ID x 50 mm: manufactured by Tosoh I) that had been equilibrated with buffer N, and the protein was 0 to 1 M in buffer N.
- KC 1 linear gradient ⁇ :
- the resulting DNase fraction was dialyzed against buffer S and stored at 0-4.
- the DNase activity in each fraction obtained by HPLC was measured using the method described in Reference Example 3 (1).
- Fig. 4 shows the profile of CM5PW HPLC obtained by purifying cell nuclei derived from apoptotic thymus similarly irradiated. From this, it was found that when apoptosis is induced by irradiation, DNase is reduced, whereas DNase activity is not affected at all. Similar results were seen with dexamethasone-treated apoptotic thymus.
- the molecular weights of DNase and ⁇ purified according to Example 1 were determined by the SDS-PAGE regeneration method (active gel system) described in Reference Example 4. This active gel system is regenerated after removal of SDS and is based on the ability of DNase to degrade DNA during incubation.
- DNase ⁇ ,; 8 and y were subjected to gel chromatography using a G2000 SW column (8 mm ID x 30 cm; manufactured by Tosoh Ichisha) (flow rate: 0.5 m
- the optimal pH for DNase and ⁇ ⁇ activities was determined by performing HeLa S3 nuclear assembly (Reference Example 3, Atsey 1) in various buffer solutions from acidic to basic, and the rate of DNA fragmentation. Asked from.
- Fig. 07 shows the pH dependence of DNasea (Fig. A), ⁇ (Fig. B) and 7 (Fig. C) in the CHe La S3 nuclear Atsushi system.
- the Suifen solution used for the measurement was ft acid-KOHS city solution (pH 4.0, pH 4.4, pH 4.8, pH 5.2 and pH 5.6), MES-N a OH buffer (pH 5.6 and pH 6.2), MOPS-NaOH buffer (pH 6.8, pH 7.2 and pH 7.6), Tris-HC buffer (pH 7.4, pH 7.8, pH
- the effect of the dual ions on the activities of DNase 8, DNase 8 and DNase 7 was examined. Specifically, the effect of Mg is, was 3 ⁇ 4 base by purified DNa s ea. 5 and MgC 1 activity ⁇ in the presence of 3 mM CaC 1 2, the concentration is ⁇ the measured. The effect of Ca was examined by measuring the activities of ⁇ and ⁇ , which were similarly purified, by increasing the concentration of CaCl 2 in the presence of 3 mM MgC 12.
- ⁇ ⁇ + is that for DNase and S, 5 OmM MES-NaOH (pH 5.6) containing 3 mM MgC 12.1 mM 2-mercaptoethanol and 0.1 lm M PMSF It examined by UzutakaKa the concentration of ZnC 1 2 in a liquid, DNa se 3 mM for ⁇ C a C 1 ,, 3m MgC 12> 1 mM 2- Mel helmet ethanol and 5 Omm OPS containing 0. 1 mM PMSF The concentration of ZnC12 was investigated by depositing it in -NaOH (pH 7.2) buffer solution. Fig. 8 shows the results.
- DNase 7 required both Ca i + and Mg 2+ for full activity, and the sensitivities of both were 1 to 3 mM (FIG. 8, a, b).
- DNase 7 was sensitive to Zn, and its activity was inhibited by 50% by Zn at a low concentration of 40 (Fig. 8c).
- the activity of DNasea and DNase; 3 was not affected by Mg, Ca ", etc., and was not affected by the presence of Zn ⁇ up to ImM. However, the concentration was as high as 10-3 OmM.
- the presence of the gold ion inhibited the activity of DNase and DNase in the same manner as DNase7.
- DNasea and / 5 are HeLa S3 cell nuclear chromatin as a substrate.
- OES-tfeQH OIES-KaOH
- MQPS-1 ⁇ 2GH Mg 92 94 16 1 Ca, * 1 1-2 to mercaptoethanol 115 119 96
- DNase 7 may be an endonuclease involved in DNA fragmentation of apoptosis. Therefore, whether or not the DNA treated with DNase 7 produces a fragment having a 3'-OH / 5 'single P-terminal was determined according to the end labeling method described in Reference Example 2 (2) (ii). »I ’m sorry. Fig. 9 shows the results. As can be seen, when purified DNA from HeLa S3 cell nuclei digested with DNa ser (c in the figure) was end-labeled, it was observed in Reference Example 2- ( Figure 2, a, b). The same label pattern was seen. In terms of end labeling, the 5 'end of the DNA fragment was not labeled without pre-treatment with alkaline phosphatase (Fig. 9, lane 4). It was found to produce one P-terminus.
- DNA fragments generated by DNasea (a in the figure) and ⁇ (b in the figure) are labeled at the 3 'end under Td only after pretreatment with lipase and before lipase. All of the 5 'termites reacted without treatment, indicating that they had 3' — P / 5 '— OH powder.
- DNases are present in the cell nucleus in a monomeric fashion and cleave the linker region of chromatin DNA to produce nucleosome oligomers.
- DNase ⁇ and 5 were both obtained by easily solubilizing from the nucleus, they are considered to be endonucleases present in the nucleoplasm.
- DNase 7 could not be solubilized without sonication at a high clay concentration, so it was considered that it was strongly bound to a certain nuclear structure.
- the DNase ⁇ of the present invention is an endonuclease endogenous in the cell nucleus that requires both C ai + and Mg 2+ for its activity.
- the end of the DNA fragment cleaved by DNase 7 is the end of the DNA fragment produced in the apoptotic rat thymus.
- DNase ⁇ and DNase 8 of the present invention are different from the above-mentioned DNa ser in physical and enzymatic properties, and the difference is due to the cleavage mode of chromosome DNA and divalent gold ion.
- the request was for ⁇ .
- DNase ⁇ and DNase ⁇ are present in the nucleus of the same type as DNase ⁇ and 8 in the nucleus of the thymus and the spleen of the rat and the liver of the rat, DN ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ metabolism and It is thought to play an important role in the degradation of virus DN ⁇ .
- DNase7 was purified from splenic K cells having high DNase7 activity.
- the homogenate was centrifuged at 60 Oxg for 10 minutes.
- the precipitated nuclear fraction was collected, and the DNase activity in the nuclear surface was dissolved by sonication in buffer A containing 0.3 M ammonium sulfate.
- the cells were removed by centrifugation at 00 Oxg for 1 hour.
- the salt (KC 1) in the buffer N was developed by linearly depositing the salt (KC 1) from 0 M to 1 M (50 minutes) (flow rate 2.0 ml). / min).
- the active substance of DNase was recovered as a single peak eluted with 0.6 M KC1.
- the surface of the active substance was subjected to HPLC using a CM5 PW column (5 mm ID x 50 mm; manufactured by Sohzo Co., Ltd.) equilibrated with buffer N to give a linear graph of 0 to 1 M KC1 of buffer N.
- the mixture was eluted with Zinto (30 min.) (Flow rate 0.3 ml Zn).
- the DNase 7 active fraction eluted with 0.5M KC1 was purified by a series of HPLC using heparin 5PW, TSKG2000 SW and SP5PW columns.
- each DNase surface was applied to a heparin 5 PW column (5 mm ID x 50 mm; manufactured by Tosoh I) that had been equilibrated with buffer N, and the protein was allowed to reach 0 to 1 in buffer N. It was developed and eluted with a linear gradient of MKC1 (30 minutes) (flow rate: 0. SmlZmin). The elution activity was further increased with a buffer M containing 0.3 M NaCl (2 Om ES-NaOH (pH 5.6), 1 mM 2-mercaptoethanol, 0. ImM PMSF, 2.5 ethylene glycol).
- the gel was purified by gel permeation HPLC (flow rate 0.5 ml / min) using an equilibrated T SKG 2000 SW column (8 mm ID ⁇ 30 cm; manufactured by Tosoh Corporation).
- the 7 fractions were finally subjected to HPLC using a SP5 PW column (5 mm ID x 50 mm; manufactured by Toso Ichisha) equilibrated with buffer M to obtain a buffer S of 0.3 to 0.7 M NaC.
- the profile of SP5 PW HP LC is shown in Figure 10.
- DNa eluted with 0.58 M NaC1 The se 7 activity fraction was collected and subjected to SDS-PAGE, and the DNase activity was measured using the method of (1) of Reference Example 3 (in FIG. 10).
- each fraction of the fragment detected as a beak is dried in a centrifugal evaporator overnight, dissolved in an SDS solution, and subjected to amino acid analysis using a gas-phase protein sequencer (Shimadzu Corporation, PSQ-1).
- the partial amino acid sequence of each peptide fragment was determined [Table 3, (K) shows lysine residues cleaved by enzymatic digestion].
- the peptide still bound on the membrane is treated with Asp-N-endopeptidase (an enzyme that specifically cleaves the peptide bond on the amino side of the aspartic acid residue of the peptide) according to the method described above. After treatment, the resulting peptide fragments were separated and recovered by reverse-phase HPLC in the same manner (Fig. 1 lb), and the amino acid sequence was determined (Table 3).
- Asp-N-endopeptidase an enzyme that specifically cleaves the peptide bond on the amino side of the aspartic acid residue of the peptide
- Rat spleen KcDNA library As the rat spleen KcDNA library, a commercially available Rat spleen 5'-STRETCH cDNA Library (Clontech) was used. This library contains cDNA (average size: 1.8 kb) cDNA prepared using oligo (dT) random primers from mRNA extracted and purified from whole spleen K of adult rat (Sprague-Dawley. Os). (2 X 10 »independent clone) was inserted into the EcoRI site of the Sgt11 vector via an adapter.
- cDNA average size: 1.8 kb
- cDNA prepared using oligo (dT) random primers from mRNA extracted and purified from whole spleen K of adult rat (Sprague-Dawley. Os). (2 X 10 »independent clone) was inserted into the EcoRI site of the Sgt11 vector via an adapter.
- an oligo DNA probe was synthesized based on the nucleotide sequence deduced from the underlined sequence.
- Table 4 shows the nucleotide sequence of the oligo DNA probe (codons corresponding to the last amino acid are narrowed to one.
- R A or G
- Y T or N: A, G, T or C.
- H T, C or A
- the mixture of bacteria and phage was spread on a 53 ⁇ 4LB agar medium containing 1 OmM MgSO, and then 60-65 LB totubagarose (6 ml) was spread and mixed well. When the toppagarose was hardened, it was incubated at 37 days. After incubation, allowed to stand for 1 hour the Bureto in 4'C, was then performed fi-out transfer to nylon filters (balls, Inc.) on the Totsubuagarosu t
- nylon filter was subjected to a ra treatment in a denaturing solution for 20 seconds and then in a neutralizing solution for 20 seconds.
- the filter was dried on paper and further fixed by UV irradiation.
- Oligo DNA Burobu prepared in the above (4) using [7- 32 P] ATP and T4 kinase, a 5 'end and Si P ⁇ .
- a reaction solution having the following composition was incubated at 37 for 30 minutes.
- a blur hybridization solution was prepared as follows.
- the filter was prepared in the above (1).
- the filter was placed in the dihedralization solution, and left at 37 overnight. Subsequently, the labeled probe prepared in the above (1) was mixed with an appropriate amount of a hybridization solution, and a hybridization solution, and hybridized at 37'C for 18 hours using 5 u1 of a probe solution per filter.
- the recovered phage DNA was treated with BswiI to excise the cDNA insert, a part of the phage DNA was subjected to agarose gel S electrophoresis, and the insert length was confirmed by ethidium-muff staining. After S-electrophoresis, the DNA was transferred to Nylon II (Biodyne, manufactured by Ball Inc.) according to the method of Southern et al. [J. Mol. Biol. 98, p503 (1975)], and hybridized as in the screening. Go to the localization
- Insert DNA was recovered using 11 Kit. After blunting the ends with the K1enow enzyme, the insert DNA was integrated into the SmaI site of pBS IKS (+) which had been BAP-treated with T4 ligase. Using this ligage solution, the competent Escherichia coli DH5 cr was transformed. That is, 0.3 ml of the competent bacterial strain was added to a ligation solution of a total volume of 7 ⁇ 1, left on ice for several hours,
- the primary translation product of the DNase ⁇ ⁇ gene was found to have 25 amino acid residues (amino acid numbers 1 to 25 of SEQ ID NO: 1) on the ⁇ -terminal side. It was found to have a precursor peptide region consisting of Therefore, the mature DNase7 protein is composed of 285 amino acid residues (amino acid numbers 26 to 310 of SEQ ID NO: 1), and the molecular weight of the protein deduced from the amino acid sequence is 33.027. This value was in good agreement with the molecular weight of the protein by SDS-PAGE.
- KLH Keyhole Limpets Hemocyanin
- FCA complete Freund's adjuvant
- the present invention provides novel DNAs, / S and 7, which catalyze a reaction that selectively cleaves a linker site of chromatin DNA.
- the present invention also provides a novel DNase 7 that contributes to apoptosis.
- the present invention provides an amino acid sequence of rat DNase 7, a DNA encoding the amino acid sequence, a base sequence of the DNA, a recombinant vector having the DNA, and a host ilffl cell transformed with the recombinant vector.
- a method for producing ⁇ DNase ⁇ by culturing the host cell; and an antibody against the DNase ⁇ or its precursor, or a fragment thereof.
- the DNase ⁇ of the present invention it is possible to elucidate, at a molecular level, a mechanism for controlling carcinogenesis in vivo by apoptosis, a mechanism for controlling autoimmunity, the onset of AIDS, and the like. It is useful in that it contributes to the prevention, treatment, and development of diagnostics for cancer, autoimmune diseases, and viral infections.
- the antibody prepared based on the DNase of the present invention is capable of determining the malignancy of pain.
- inhibitors and activators that are specifically searched for DNaser activity can be novel “apoptosis-controlling drugs”, and DNase7 gene is a cancer-causing agent.
- DNase7 gene is a cancer-causing agent.
- DNase ⁇ and / 5 of the present invention are useful for the development of therapeutic agents for viral infection, because they increase during viral infection and cleave virus D D.
- antibodies prepared based on the DNAse ⁇ or / S of the present invention are considered to be useful as reagents for diagnosing virus infection and the like.
- Sequence type nucleic acid
- TTTCTTAAAG TCGTCCCTTG CTTCCAGATA AAATGGCCTC GTGGGTCTCA GCTCTCTGCA 1024 CACTCAGGAA TTAAGACTGG CTAAGCTGTT TTCACTGTCC ACTCTGGTTA ATTTTCCCTG 1084 GAGCCAAGTT GGGAGGACAG CCTTCTGTTA CATCACCCTG ACCACGGGAT CC CCTCGATCAGATCC CCCTCCGAGATCCATCCATCAGATCC 1
- Lys Asp Phe Val lie Val Pro Leu His Thr Thr Pro Glu
- Sequence type nucleic acid
- Sequence type other nucleic acid synthetic DNA
- Sequence type nucleic acid
- Sequence type other nucleic acid synthetic DNA
- Sequence type nucleic acid
- Sequence type other nucleic acid synthetic DNA
- Sequence type nucleic acid
- Sequence type other nucleic acid synthetic DNA
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
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Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP95930710A EP0754751B1 (en) | 1994-09-06 | 1995-09-06 | Novel deoxyribonuclease |
DE69522799T DE69522799T2 (de) | 1994-09-06 | 1995-09-06 | Neuartige desoxyribonuklease |
US08/640,765 US5821103A (en) | 1994-09-06 | 1995-09-06 | Deoxyribonuclease |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP23951894 | 1994-09-06 | ||
JP6/239518 | 1994-09-06 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1996007735A1 true WO1996007735A1 (fr) | 1996-03-14 |
Family
ID=17045995
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP1995/001775 WO1996007735A1 (fr) | 1994-09-06 | 1995-09-06 | Nouvelle desoxyribonuclease |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US5821103A (ja) |
EP (2) | EP0754751B1 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE69522799T2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO1996007735A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AU8915698A (en) * | 1997-08-22 | 1999-03-16 | Chiron Corporation | Apoptosis-associated nuclease cpan |
CA2346127A1 (en) * | 1999-08-17 | 2001-02-22 | Daisuke Shiokawa | Novel deoxyribonuclease, gene encoding the same and use thereof |
JP2001122900A (ja) * | 1999-10-21 | 2001-05-08 | Yasukazu Tanuma | 抗−DNaseγ抗体並びにその製造及び使用 |
US6935073B2 (en) * | 2002-03-26 | 2005-08-30 | Scherba Industries, Inc. | Inflatable component connector |
JP2006036711A (ja) * | 2004-07-28 | 2006-02-09 | Science Univ Of Tokyo | DNaseγのDNase活性を阻害する阻害方法、DNaseγのDNase活性を阻害する阻害物質のスクリーニング方法、及びDNaseγ阻害剤 |
JP3989936B2 (ja) * | 2005-04-07 | 2007-10-10 | 進 須永 | 抗腫瘍剤及び新規dnアーゼ |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE68928934T2 (de) * | 1988-12-23 | 1999-08-05 | Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, Calif. | Verfahren zur herstellung von menschlicher dnase |
US5279823A (en) * | 1992-06-08 | 1994-01-18 | Genentech, Inc. | Purified forms of DNASE |
-
1995
- 1995-09-06 DE DE69522799T patent/DE69522799T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-09-06 EP EP95930710A patent/EP0754751B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-09-06 EP EP00111748A patent/EP1045028A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1995-09-06 US US08/640,765 patent/US5821103A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-09-06 WO PCT/JP1995/001775 patent/WO1996007735A1/ja active IP Right Grant
-
1998
- 1998-05-06 US US09/073,613 patent/US6143875A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (4)
Title |
---|
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATION, Vol. 203, No. 2 (New York) 1994, p. 789-797. * |
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY, Vol. 226, No. 1 (Berlin) 1994, p. 23-30. * |
EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE, Vol. 11, No. 17 (Tokyo) 1993, p. 2370-2375. * |
See also references of EP0754751A4 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0754751B1 (en) | 2001-09-19 |
EP0754751A4 (en) | 1998-04-01 |
DE69522799T2 (de) | 2002-06-20 |
US6143875A (en) | 2000-11-07 |
DE69522799D1 (de) | 2001-10-25 |
EP0754751A1 (en) | 1997-01-22 |
US5821103A (en) | 1998-10-13 |
EP1045028A1 (en) | 2000-10-18 |
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