WO1996007369A1 - Scarificateur de vaccination et/ou mode d'administration vaccinale - Google Patents
Scarificateur de vaccination et/ou mode d'administration vaccinale Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1996007369A1 WO1996007369A1 PCT/NZ1995/000081 NZ9500081W WO9607369A1 WO 1996007369 A1 WO1996007369 A1 WO 1996007369A1 NZ 9500081 W NZ9500081 W NZ 9500081W WO 9607369 A1 WO9607369 A1 WO 9607369A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- vaccine
- scratch
- applicator
- scratching
- valve
- Prior art date
Links
- 229960005486 vaccine Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000006748 scratching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 230000002393 scratching effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 201000005332 contagious pustular dermatitis Diseases 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- POIUWJQBRNEFGX-XAMSXPGMSA-N cathelicidin Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 POIUWJQBRNEFGX-XAMSXPGMSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003511 endothelial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 however Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61D—VETERINARY INSTRUMENTS, IMPLEMENTS, TOOLS, OR METHODS
- A61D1/00—Surgical instruments for veterinary use
- A61D1/02—Trocars or cannulas for teats; Vaccination appliances
- A61D1/025—Vaccination appliances
Definitions
- This invention relates to a scratch vaccine applicator and/or a method of applying a vaccine and, in particular, for the application of vaccine to a scratch made on an animal's skin.
- Such vaccine applicators are typically used for the application of scabby mouth vaccine to sheep in order to protect against the virus.
- both the applicator and the method could be used in any circumstance where it is desired to apply vaccine to a scratch and where such a method is a suitable method of application of any particular vaccine.
- Previous applicators include such apparatus as described in New Zealand patent application no. 236610. Such arrangements can be complex and expensive to manufacture. Further, such arrangements have led to a vacuum inhibiting the supply of vaccine from the applicator. It should be noted that, although referred to as a scratch vaccine applicator, the arrangement should be such as to provide a scratch in the skin of the animal, preferably without breaking the animal's skin to draw blood. It is preferred that the applicators should scarify the skin and penetrate outer layers of the skin without puncturing the skin entirely.
- the invention consists in a scratch vaccine applicator comprising: a body portion; a scratching means moveable relative to said body portion; a valve means provided in said body portion operable with movement of said scratching means; a source of vaccine in fluid connection with said valve means; and an inlet for air provided in communication with said vaccine source.
- the invention consists in a method of applying a vaccine comprising: providing a scratching means moveable upon contact with an animal's skin; providing a source of vaccine; providing a valve means intermediate of said scratching means and said source of vaccine; providing an inlet for air in communication with said source of vaccine; applying said scratching means against an animal's skin such that movement of said scratching means will provide a scratch in the animal's skin and operate said valve means to allow vaccine to flow to the scratch made by said scratching means .
- Figure 1 shows a cross sectional view through one embodiment of the apparatus
- Ficrure 2 shows a cross sectional view through the apparatus of Figure 1 in a second configuration
- Figure 3 shows an elevational view of the embodiment of Figure 1 with the cap removed
- Figure 4 shows an elevational view of the embodiment shown in Figure 1
- Figure 5 shows an elevational view of the embodiment of Figure 2
- Figure 6 shows an exploded isometric view of the embodiment of Figure 2
- Figure 7 shows an exploded isometric from a reverse view of the embodiment of
- Figure 2 shows a cross sectional view through a further embodiment of the apparatus .
- the apparatus of the invention can be seen in at least one preferred embodiment in cross section.
- the apparatus in this preferred embodiment comprises a scratch vaccine applicator 1 having a main body portion 2 and a scratching means 3 moveable relative to the main body portion 2.
- the apparatus also contains a source of vaccine 4 which may be contained in a container 5 being a standard glass vaccine and dilutant vial or other such container 5.
- Container 5 holding the vaccine 4 may be a separate container fitted to the main body portion 2 or may be integral with the main body portion. In its preferred form as shown in Figure 1, the container 5 is separable from the remainder of the apparatus.
- a valve means 6 is included which, in this preferred embodiment, includes a valve seat 7 on an interior face of the main body portion 2 operable against a valve body 8 or central valve portion to seal the source of vaccine 4 from the exterior of the device.
- this valve seat may comprise a conical valve seat around the substantially conical central valve portion 8 which may be integral with or connected to the scratching means 3.
- movement of the scratching means 3 relative to the main body portion 2 may operate the valve 6 by unseating the central valve portion 8 from the valve seat 7 and thereby allowing vaccine 4 to flow between the valve seat and the central valve portion to within the proximity of the scratching means 3.
- the scratching means 3 itself as shown in this preferred embodiment may comprise a metal scratching means such as stainless steel or the like having a point 9 with which to scratch an animal's skin. This scratching means 3 may be retained in a retainer 10 which itself is integral with and forms part of the central valve portion 8.
- the scratching means 3 is provided so as to scarify the animal's skin without puncturing all the layers of the skin. It is intended that the scratching means breaks the epitheleial layer without completely penetrating the lower endothelial layer.
- the scratching means 3 has been provided as a generally conical point 9 with the sloping or angled face 25 of the conical point 9 being provided at an angle of less than 45° to the central axis 26 of the point 9. In its most preferred form, this angle between the axis 26 and the face 25 is approximately 30°.
- a distal end of the retaining portion 10 from the scratching means 3 may be connected or rest adjacent a spring 11 to bias the scratching means to a protruding position in at least a first position as well as biasing the valve portion 6 to a closed position.
- the spring 11 may comprise a moulding of materials such as plastic which is retained in connection with the main body portion 2 or vaccine container 5 and be in either compression or tension to bias the scratching means 3 to its protruding position.
- the scratching means 3 will continue to protrude so as to provide a scratch to an animal's skin even with the valve means 6 in an open position.
- FIG. 1 also provides a seal at the connection between the separable container 5 and the main body portion 2 with a seal 14. For simplicity this is integrated into the moulding supplying the spring or biasing means 11 behind the scratching means 3. The seal is to prevent the leakage of vaccine although may not be airtight as discussed below.
- the main body portion 2 may also provide a retaining clip 15 for connection With a recess 16 in the containing wall 5 so that the container 5 is retained in its position in contact and sealed with the main body portion 2.
- This is preferably a connection which inhibits the removal of the container 5 after initial fitment.
- an inlet for air into the source of vaccine being the container 5 may be provided in the container 5 itself or in the main body portion 2 of the apparatus. This inlet is provided on the fluid side of the valve means 6 and should inhibit the outlet or escape of vaccine 4.
- This is preferably provided by the seal 14 being watertight and not airtight and may comprise other uni directional devices to allow the passage of air into the container 5 holding the vaccine 4 and yet inhibit any unwanted release of the vaccine 4.
- a cap 18 Surrounding the scratching means 9 and engageable with the main body portion 2 is, in this preferred form, a cap 18 to complete the device.
- the device may be made from many alternative materials, however, plastic materials may be suitable for the main body portion 2, retaining means 10 and spring 11.
- the container 5 may be made from alternative materials and the scratching means 3 should be made from a hardened material such as steel or other material capable of forming and maintaining a point 9 in use.
- the provision of the spring 11 behind the retaining means 10 and intermediate of the valve means 6 and source of vaccine 4 requires the passage of the vaccine 4 pass this spring 11. In this manner, the spring 11 also acts as a membrane between the source of vaccine and the scratching means. This may be provided by suitable apertures 19 provided in the spring 11.
- the apertures should be sized to provide sufficient flow through the valve 6 for the desired purposes and may be used as a form of flow control by inhibiting the passage of too much vaccine 4 through to the valve means 6.
- the apertures 19 can be oversized to allow substantially full flow past the spring 11 without any control on the flow rate of vaccine 4 to the valve means 6.
- a single aperture 19 is provided through the spring and membrane 11 to act as a control on the flow rate of the vaccine 4. It has been found that a diameter of approximately 2.3 millimetres is satisfactory to limit the flow of vaccine while allowing full flow through the actual valve means 6. Of course, more apertures of smaller diameter could be provided although these would have difficulty in passing fluid due to the surface tension of the vaccine and the difficulty in providing vaccine through an aperture 19 much smaller than that provided in the preferred embodiment .
- An applicator of this type is designed to provide multiple doses to a number of animals from a single container of vaccine 5. Typical levels of dosage may require greater than 200 doses to be provided. Therefore, control of the dosage and the number of doses provided by each container may be important .
- control to the dosage could be provided by a pin 27 connected to the rear of the retaining means 10 to engage the aperture 19 and stop the flow through the aperture 19 when the scratching means 3 is in its second position. Therefore, no further flow of vaccine 4 from the container 5 will occur while the valve 6 is in an open position.
- the quantity of vaccine dispensed may then be controlled by the volume 28 between the retaining means 10 and the membrane 11.
- a central leg 20 may be provided on the retaining means 10 to act as an engagement with the spring 11.
- the apparatus is shown ih Figure 2 in its use configuration with the cap 18 preferably reversible on the apparatus to fit on the rearward end of the apparatus during use.
- the apparatus is provided with a substantially central axis 22.
- the scratching means 3 and main body portion 2 may be substantially cylindrical devices as with the container 5. Of course, any other configuration such as square or rectangular portions could be used throughout.
- FIGs 4 and 5 show the elevational views of the device with the cap 18 in the configuration as shown in Figure 1 when shown in Figure 4.
- the cap is reversed to the rear of the apparatus in accordance with the arrangement shown in Figure 2.
- a semi permeable membrane 29 is provided as an alternative means of providing a uni directional inlet for air.
- the apertures 19 provided in the membrane 11 may be sized to allow greater than the required flow through the membrane 11 than is required for the dosage given to the animal.
- a stop 30 provided on the rear face of the retaining means 10 may act to limit the opening of the valve 6 and thereby provide some flow control.
- the device may be placed against an animal's skin and the point 9 of the scratching means 3 used to scarify the surface of the animal's skin.
- the device may then be drawn along the animal's skin to continue the length of the scratch while the vaccine 4 flows past valve means 6 opened by the movement of the scratching means 3 so as to allow vaccine to flow to the scratching means 3 and into the scratch on the animal's skin.
- the bias provided by the spring 11 may be overcome to ensure the valve 6 is always open while the animal's skin is being scratched.
- the device provides a relatively simple and economical method of applying a scratch vaccine.
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Media Introduction/Drainage Providing Device (AREA)
Abstract
La présente invention concerne un scarificateur (1) de vaccination et un mode d'administration vaccinale par une scarification pratiquée sur la peau d'un animal devant être vacciné notamment contre la nécrobacillose. L'invention consiste en un élément pointu (3) situé dans un corps principal (2) et mobile par rapport à ce corps principal (2). L'application du dispositif sur la peau de l'animal déplace l'élément pointu (3) par rapport au corps principal (2) ce qui actionne une valve (6) libérant l'écoulement de fluide vers la pointe (9) de l'élément de scarification (3). Un orifice d'entrée d'air est ménagé en communication avec la source de vaccin pour empêcher qu'un vide ne se crée à l'intérieur du réservoir à vaccin (5).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU34870/95A AU3487095A (en) | 1994-09-05 | 1995-09-05 | Scratch vaccine applicator and/or method of applying a vacine |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NZ264391 | 1994-09-05 | ||
| NZ26439194 | 1994-09-05 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1996007369A1 true WO1996007369A1 (fr) | 1996-03-14 |
Family
ID=19924925
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/NZ1995/000081 WO1996007369A1 (fr) | 1994-09-05 | 1995-09-05 | Scarificateur de vaccination et/ou mode d'administration vaccinale |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU3487095A (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO1996007369A1 (fr) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES2133228A1 (es) * | 1996-05-28 | 1999-09-01 | Phillips Pty Ltd N J | Un aplicador y un dispositivo para entregar una dosis de liquido. |
| WO2001089622A1 (fr) * | 2000-05-22 | 2001-11-29 | Becton, Dickinson And Company | Applicateur dote d'une surface abrasive recouverte d'une substance devant etre appliquee sur la peau |
| US6835184B1 (en) | 1999-09-24 | 2004-12-28 | Becton, Dickinson And Company | Method and device for abrading skin |
| US7186235B2 (en) | 2001-06-08 | 2007-03-06 | Becton, Dickinson And Company | Device for manipulating a needle or abrader array and method of use |
| EP2777601A1 (fr) * | 2013-03-12 | 2014-09-17 | Desvac | Dispositif pour inoculer un produit vétérinaire dans une aile de volaille |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1309352A (fr) * | 1961-10-03 | 1962-11-16 | Nouveau dispositif pour effectuer la vaccination ou les tests médicaux | |
| US3067742A (en) * | 1960-05-10 | 1962-12-11 | American Home Prod | Smallpox vaccine system |
| FR2041605A5 (fr) * | 1969-02-21 | 1971-01-29 | Shozo Narusawa | |
| AU2789884A (en) * | 1983-05-17 | 1984-11-22 | Wellcome New Zealand Limited | Proboscis protected needle applicator |
| EP0381410A1 (fr) * | 1989-01-30 | 1990-08-08 | Connaught Laboratories Limited | Applicateur clinique |
| GB2249962A (en) * | 1990-11-20 | 1992-05-27 | Bignell Surgical Instr Limited | "Puncture apparatus" |
-
1995
- 1995-09-05 AU AU34870/95A patent/AU3487095A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1995-09-05 WO PCT/NZ1995/000081 patent/WO1996007369A1/fr active Application Filing
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3067742A (en) * | 1960-05-10 | 1962-12-11 | American Home Prod | Smallpox vaccine system |
| FR1309352A (fr) * | 1961-10-03 | 1962-11-16 | Nouveau dispositif pour effectuer la vaccination ou les tests médicaux | |
| FR2041605A5 (fr) * | 1969-02-21 | 1971-01-29 | Shozo Narusawa | |
| AU2789884A (en) * | 1983-05-17 | 1984-11-22 | Wellcome New Zealand Limited | Proboscis protected needle applicator |
| EP0381410A1 (fr) * | 1989-01-30 | 1990-08-08 | Connaught Laboratories Limited | Applicateur clinique |
| GB2249962A (en) * | 1990-11-20 | 1992-05-27 | Bignell Surgical Instr Limited | "Puncture apparatus" |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES2133228A1 (es) * | 1996-05-28 | 1999-09-01 | Phillips Pty Ltd N J | Un aplicador y un dispositivo para entregar una dosis de liquido. |
| US6835184B1 (en) | 1999-09-24 | 2004-12-28 | Becton, Dickinson And Company | Method and device for abrading skin |
| WO2001089622A1 (fr) * | 2000-05-22 | 2001-11-29 | Becton, Dickinson And Company | Applicateur dote d'une surface abrasive recouverte d'une substance devant etre appliquee sur la peau |
| US6595947B1 (en) | 2000-05-22 | 2003-07-22 | Becton, Dickinson And Company | Topical delivery of vaccines |
| AU2001261757B2 (en) * | 2000-05-22 | 2004-04-01 | Becton, Dickinson And Company | Applicator having abrading surface coated with substance to be applied to skin |
| CN100394995C (zh) * | 2000-05-22 | 2008-06-18 | 贝克顿·迪金森公司 | 具有涂敷有欲施加到皮肤上的物质的研磨表面的投注器 |
| US7731968B2 (en) | 2000-05-22 | 2010-06-08 | Becton, Dickinson And Company | Topical delivery of vaccines |
| US7186235B2 (en) | 2001-06-08 | 2007-03-06 | Becton, Dickinson And Company | Device for manipulating a needle or abrader array and method of use |
| EP2777601A1 (fr) * | 2013-03-12 | 2014-09-17 | Desvac | Dispositif pour inoculer un produit vétérinaire dans une aile de volaille |
| WO2014139837A1 (fr) * | 2013-03-12 | 2014-09-18 | Desvac | Dispositif pour inoculer un produit vétérinaire dans une aile d'une volaille |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU3487095A (en) | 1996-03-27 |
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