WO1996006320A1 - Plate-type heat exchanger for liquids and gases - Google Patents
Plate-type heat exchanger for liquids and gases Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1996006320A1 WO1996006320A1 PCT/DE1995/001175 DE9501175W WO9606320A1 WO 1996006320 A1 WO1996006320 A1 WO 1996006320A1 DE 9501175 W DE9501175 W DE 9501175W WO 9606320 A1 WO9606320 A1 WO 9606320A1
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- Prior art keywords
- plates
- plate
- heat exchanger
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- type heat
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
- F28F3/02—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations
- F28F3/04—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element
- F28F3/042—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element in the form of local deformations of the element
- F28F3/046—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element in the form of local deformations of the element the deformations being linear, e.g. corrugations
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D9/0031—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other
- F28D9/0043—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having openings therein for circulation of at least one heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another
- F28D9/005—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having openings therein for circulation of at least one heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another the plates having openings therein for both heat-exchange media
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
- F28F3/08—Elements constructed for building-up into stacks, e.g. capable of being taken apart for cleaning
- F28F3/10—Arrangements for sealing the margins
Definitions
- the invention relates to an elate heat exchanger which consists of a stack of sheet metal plates welded together, preferably made of stainless steel, which are embossed with a profiling and are rotated by 180 ° in their plane with respect to adjacent sheets and which have symmetrically arranged media passage openings.
- the profiles on both sides keep the plates in the stack at a distance, so that two media can flow between them in the counterflow principle without mixing.
- Welded plate heat exchangers are particularly suitable for refrigeration systems and for systems in which high pressures occur and in which a medium consists of steam.
- Plate heat exchangers are known from DE-PS 615 356. It provided that ulcanized rubber strips secure the distance between the plates and at the same time seal the flow channels between the plates.
- ulcanized rubber strips secure the distance between the plates and at the same time seal the flow channels between the plates.
- DE-AS 22 07 756 is based on the task of further reducing the thickness of the plates without increasing the flow resistance and improving their resistance to pressure differences in the heat-exchanging media. To this end were at an acute angle to the longitudinal axis of the plates ribs impressed with ge t rapezförmigem cross-section in the heat exchanging surfaces, which are located on the other side as grooves with the same cross-section. By alternately stacking the plates rotated by 180 ° in their plane, the grooves of one plate cross over the ribs of the other, thereby supporting them. The flow is only insignificantly impeded by this arrangement, only its turbulence increases, which favors the heat transfer.
- DE-PS 22 46 031 the points of contact between the grooves of one to the ribs of the other plate can be optimized such that a more uniform distribution of the forces is achieved.
- DE-PS 29 48 686 raises the problem that when a hot medium is used, the rubber sealing rings arranged between the plates are exposed to an excessive thermal load, which considerably shortens their service life. To prevent this, it is proposed, among other things, to replace the sealing ring with a weld seam sealing the flow channel.
- DE-0S 33 32 159 also provides for welding; namely, the 0.7 mm thick plates should be welded with 3 mm thick spacer rings arranged around the media passage openings and with spacer elements of equal thickness arranged on the circumference by means of lasers or electrons.
- the plates are stacked so that the back of one plate is opposite the front of the adjacent plate. Seals are inserted into the beads embossed around the media passage openings and on the circumference.
- DE-PS 36 00 656 provides that the touching areas of the beads of each pair of plates are welded together.
- DE-OS 29 48 586 and DE-OS 40 20 735 are shaped profilings waves ⁇ become familiar with the same size in cross-section wave crests and wave troughs, which propagate at an acute angle to the longitudinal axis of the plate.
- these wave-shaped profiled plates can also be sealed with profiles which are fastened between adjacent plates by soldering or welding.
- heat-exchanger plates profiled in this way are coated on one side with copper, in order to then solder them on top of one another under the action of heat. Spacer rings are arranged around the media openings and soldered to the plates.
- the soldered plate heat exchangers have the disadvantage that when using aggressive media, the solder is attacked and gradually dissolved, as a result of which the plate heat exchangers become leaky and therefore unusable. Therefore, plate heat exchangers soldered to copper cannot be used in refrigeration systems with ammonia. Ammonia is becoming increasingly important for refrigeration plants because fluorocarbons are no longer used because of their harmful influence on the earth's ozone layer.
- a disadvantage that all known plate heat exchangers have is that they have to be clamped with tie rods between stable pressure plates in order to withstand the high pressures of 40 bar and more and the stresses caused by high temperature differences; because the plates are basically only connected around the circumference and around the media through openings.
- the invention has for its object to facilitate the assembly of the plates in a stack, to increase the strength of their heat-exchanging areas so that complex pressure plates and tie rods can be omitted, and to increase the flow resistance in the gas-carrying flow channels by preventing the formation of bubbles reduce and thereby improve the heat transfer.
- the heat exchanger plates are perforated at selected points of contact of their profiles, that the planes are embossed by two of the media passage openings arranged symmetrically to the longitudinal axis of the plates up to the height of the profiles on each side of a plate Edge of each plate is set up at an angle of less than 90 ° in a bowl shape and that finally all touching areas of the plates, in particular around the perforations and around the media passage openings and the bowl-shaped edges, are welded by laser.
- the perforations can be punched in according to a predetermined pattern before welding, but they can also be made with the laser beam. They should have a diameter of 0.2 to 2 mm, preferably 0.5 to 1 mm. Due to the bowl-shaped edge, the stacked plates center themselves when stacked.
- each plate After placing each plate, it is welded to the underlying plate using a laser. Due to the intended shape of the plate, there is no need for spaced internals and seals between the plates, which could offer aggressive media attack surfaces.
- the plate heat exchangers according to the invention have a significantly improved corrosion behavior even with aggressive media.
- the welding of the contact points of the profiles of two plates has the effect that the heat-exchanging areas are not only supported by supports, but are also firmly clamped to the supports. As a result, they have less deflection under the same load. As a result, it is not necessary to clamp the welded plate stack with tie rods between pressure plates.
- the plate heat exchangers with the proposed changes can also be used at higher pressures.
- the perforations in the area of the contacting profiles of two plates effectively prevent the formation of bubbles because they are located at the most distant points, measured from the center line of the flow channels, where the formation of bubbles is most likely and because they connect to the same Create medium that has a lower pressure in the direction of flow.
- the weld seam around each perforation prevents the media from escaping into other channels that are not intended for them.
- the heat exchangers according to the invention are not subject to any size restrictions.
- the heat required for soldering is supplied in an oven, the size of which also limits the size of the stack of plates.
- the amount of heat that can be used is limited by the plate material used and can only produce the soldering temperature required in its interior up to a certain size of the plate stack. In contrast, when welding by laser, the plates are welded individually, so that these problems do not occur.
- Fig.l shows welded heat exchanger plates that are rotated against each other in their plane by 180 °
- FIG. 3 shows an enlarged section A ⁇ of the heat exchanger plates shown in FIG. 1.
- the heat exchanger plates are set up in the shape of a bowl
- Edge 1 welded around the media through openings 3 on the planes 2 raised on both sides relative to the plane of the plate and welded around the perforations 5 at the profilings 4 in contact.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
The invention concerns a plate-type heat exchanger comprising a stack of plates of the same shape, preferably made of stainless steel, each of which is turned through 180° in its own plane with respect to the adjacent plates and whose heat-exchange surfaces are structured. This heat exchanger is characterized in that the plates have perforations at certain points where the surface structures of two plates touch. In addition, the flat areas round two of the symmetrically disposed fluid-flow orifices have, on both sides of the plate, raised embossing as high as the surface structures. The edge (1) of each plate is arranged at an angle of less than 90° in a dish shape and all the touching areas of the plates, in particular round the perforations and the fluid-flow orifices (3), and the dish-shaped edges (1) are laser-welded together. The invention also relates to a plate-type heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that the perforations have a diameter from 0.2 to 2 mm, preferably from 0.5 to 1mm.
Description
Plattenwärmetauscher für flüssige und gasförmige MedienPlate heat exchangers for liquid and gaseous media
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Elattenwärmetauscher, der aus einem Stapel miteinander verschweißter Blechplatten besteht, vorzugsweise aus Edelstahl, die durch Prägen mit einer Profi¬ lierung versehen und gegenüber benachbarten Blechen um 180° in ihrer Ebene gedreht sind und die symmetrisch angeordnete Mediendurchtrittsöffnungen aufweisen. Durch die Profilierungen zu beiden Seiten werden die Platten im Stapel auf Abstand ge- halten, so daß zwischen ihnen im Gegenstromprinzip zwei Medien strömen können, ohne sich zu vermischen.The invention relates to an elate heat exchanger which consists of a stack of sheet metal plates welded together, preferably made of stainless steel, which are embossed with a profiling and are rotated by 180 ° in their plane with respect to adjacent sheets and which have symmetrically arranged media passage openings. The profiles on both sides keep the plates in the stack at a distance, so that two media can flow between them in the counterflow principle without mixing.
Verschweißte Plattenwärmetauscher sind besonders für Kältean¬ lagen und für Anlagen geignet, bei denen hohe Drücke auftreten und bei denen ein Medium aus Dampf besteht.Welded plate heat exchangers are particularly suitable for refrigeration systems and for systems in which high pressures occur and in which a medium consists of steam.
Plattenwärmetau'scher sind durch die DE-PS 615 356 bekannt ge¬ worden. Sie sah vor, daß auf ulkanisierte Gummileisten den Ab¬ stand zwischen den Platten sichern und zugleich die Strömungs¬ kanäle zwischen den Platten abdichten. Bei Verwendung von Kup- fer, Aluminium oder Edelstahl gelang es, die Plattendicke auf 1 bis 2 mm zu reduzieren, wodurch der Wärmeübergang und das Leis ungsgewicht gegenüber älteren Röhrenwärmetauschern erheb¬ lich verbessert wurde.Plate heat exchangers are known from DE-PS 615 356. It provided that ulcanized rubber strips secure the distance between the plates and at the same time seal the flow channels between the plates. When using copper, aluminum or stainless steel, it was possible to reduce the plate thickness to 1 to 2 mm, as a result of which the heat transfer and the power-to-weight ratio were considerably improved compared to older tubular heat exchangers.
Eine weitere Verbesserung wurde mit der US-PS 31 51 675 durch Einprägen von Erhebungen und Vertiefungen in den wärmetau¬ schenden Flächen erreicht, die den Abstand dieser Flächen si¬ chern, sie zugleich abstützen und damit ihre Durchbiegung ver¬ ringern und außerdem noch die Strömung der wärmeaustauschenden Medien positiv beeinflussen.A further improvement was achieved with US Pat. No. 3,151,675 by embossing elevations and depressions in the heat-exchanging surfaces, which secure the spacing of these surfaces, at the same time support them and thus reduce their deflection and also the flow the heat exchanging media positively.
Der DE-AS 22 07 756 liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die Dicke der Platten weiter zu verringern, ohne den Strömungswiderstand zu erhöhen und ihre Widerstandsfähigkeit gegen Druckunterschiede der wärmetauschenden Medien zu verbessern. Zu diesem Zweck
wurden im spitzen Winkel zur Längsachse der Platten Rippen mit trapezförmigem Querschnitt in die wärmetauschenden Flächen ge¬ prägt, die sich auf der anderen Seite als Rillen mit gleichem Querschnitt darstellen. Durch alternierende Stapelung der um jeweils 180° in ihrer Ebene gedrehten Platten kommen die Ril¬ len der einen Platte kreuzend auf die Rippen der anderen, wo¬ durch sie sich abstützen. Die Strömung wird durch diese Anord- nur unwesentlich behindert, nur ihre Turbulenz nimmt zu, wo¬ durch der Wärmeübergang begünstigt wird. Nach der DE-PS 22 46 031 können die Berührungspunkte zwischen den Rillen der einen zu den Rippen der anderen Platte dahinge¬ hend optimiert werden, daß eine gleichmäßigere Verteilung der Kräfte erreicht wird. In der DE-PS 29 48 686 wird das Problem aufgeworfen, daß bei Einsatz eines heißen Mediums die zwischen den Platten angeord- neten Dichtungsringe aus Gummi einer zu hohen thermischen Be¬ lastung ausgesetzt sind, die ihre Nutzungsdauer erheblich ver¬ kürzen. Um dem vorzubeugen, wird unter anderem vorgeschlagen, den Dichtring gegen eine den Strömungskanal abdichtende Schweißnaht zu ersetzen.DE-AS 22 07 756 is based on the task of further reducing the thickness of the plates without increasing the flow resistance and improving their resistance to pressure differences in the heat-exchanging media. To this end were at an acute angle to the longitudinal axis of the plates ribs impressed with ge t rapezförmigem cross-section in the heat exchanging surfaces, which are located on the other side as grooves with the same cross-section. By alternately stacking the plates rotated by 180 ° in their plane, the grooves of one plate cross over the ribs of the other, thereby supporting them. The flow is only insignificantly impeded by this arrangement, only its turbulence increases, which favors the heat transfer. According to DE-PS 22 46 031, the points of contact between the grooves of one to the ribs of the other plate can be optimized such that a more uniform distribution of the forces is achieved. DE-PS 29 48 686 raises the problem that when a hot medium is used, the rubber sealing rings arranged between the plates are exposed to an excessive thermal load, which considerably shortens their service life. To prevent this, it is proposed, among other things, to replace the sealing ring with a weld seam sealing the flow channel.
Auch die DE-0S 33 32 159 sieht Schweißen vor; und zwar sollen die 0,7 mm dicken Platten mit 3mm dicken, um die Mediendurch¬ trittsöffnungen angeordneten Abstandsringen und mit am Umfang angeordneten gleichdicken Abstandselementen mittels Laser oder Elektronen verschweißt werden.DE-0S 33 32 159 also provides for welding; namely, the 0.7 mm thick plates should be welded with 3 mm thick spacer rings arranged around the media passage openings and with spacer elements of equal thickness arranged on the circumference by means of lasers or electrons.
Nach der GB-PS 21 28 726 werden die Platten so gestapelt, daß die Rückseite der einen Platte der Vorderseite der benachbar¬ ten Platte gegenüberliegt. In die um die Mediendurchtrittsöf ¬ nungen und am Umfang eingeprägten Sicken werden Dichtungen eingelegt.According to GB-PS 21 28 726, the plates are stacked so that the back of one plate is opposite the front of the adjacent plate. Seals are inserted into the beads embossed around the media passage openings and on the circumference.
Die DE-PS 36 00 656 sieht vor, daß die sich berührenden Berei¬ che der Sicken eines jeden Plattenpaares miteinander ver¬ schweißt werden.
Mit der DE-OS 29 48 586 und der DE-OS 40 20 735 sind wellen¬ förmige Profilierungen bekannt geworden mit im Querschnitt gleichgroßen Wellenbergen und Wellentälern, die sich im spitzen Winkel zur Längsachse der Platte ausbreiten. Diese wellenför- mig profilierten Platten können nach DE-OS 40 37 969 auch mit Profilen abgedichtet werden, die durch Löten oder Schweißen zwischen benachbarten Platten befestigt werden. Am häufigsten werden so profilierte Wärmetauscherplatten ein¬ seitig mit Kupfer beschichtet, um sie dann übereinandergelegt unter Wärmeeinwirkung zusammenzulöten. Dabei werden um die Mediendurchtrittsöffnungen Abstandsringe angeordnet und mit den Platten verlötet.DE-PS 36 00 656 provides that the touching areas of the beads of each pair of plates are welded together. With the DE-OS 29 48 586 and DE-OS 40 20 735 are shaped profilings waves ¬ become familiar with the same size in cross-section wave crests and wave troughs, which propagate at an acute angle to the longitudinal axis of the plate. According to DE-OS 40 37 969, these wave-shaped profiled plates can also be sealed with profiles which are fastened between adjacent plates by soldering or welding. Most often, heat-exchanger plates profiled in this way are coated on one side with copper, in order to then solder them on top of one another under the action of heat. Spacer rings are arranged around the media openings and soldered to the plates.
Die verlöteten Plattenwärmetauscher haben den Nachteil, daß bei Verwendung aggressiver Medien das Lot angegriffen, und allmählich aufgelöst wird, wodurch die Plattenwärmetauscher undicht und damit unbrauchbar werden. In Kälteanlagen mit Ammoniak sind daher mit Kupfer verlötete Plattenwärmetauscher nicht einsetzbar. Dabei gewinnt Ammoniak für Kälteanlagen zu¬ nehmend an Bedeutung, weil Fluorkohlenwasserstoffe wegen ihres schädlichen Einflusses auf die Ozonschicht der Erde nicht mehr eingesetzt werden.The soldered plate heat exchangers have the disadvantage that when using aggressive media, the solder is attacked and gradually dissolved, as a result of which the plate heat exchangers become leaky and therefore unusable. Therefore, plate heat exchangers soldered to copper cannot be used in refrigeration systems with ammonia. Ammonia is becoming increasingly important for refrigeration plants because fluorocarbons are no longer used because of their harmful influence on the earth's ozone layer.
Auch in industriellen Dampfkreisläufen ist stets etwas Ammo¬ niak enthalten, das im Kondensat Kupferionen löst und dadurch die Nutzungsdauer mit Kupfer verlöteter Plattenwärmetauscher verkürzt.Even in industrial steam circuits there is always some ammonia which dissolves copper ions in the condensate and thereby shortens the useful life of plate heat exchangers soldered with copper.
Versuche, Lote auf der Basis von Nickel anstelle von Kupfer zu verwenden, haben nicht zum Erfolg geführt. In der Lötkehle bildeten sich Sprödphasen, die die dynamische Belastbarkeit der mit Nickel verlöteten PlattenwMrmεtauscher erheblich ver- ringerten.Attempts to use solders based on nickel instead of copper have not been successful. Brittle phases formed in the solder throat, which considerably reduced the dynamic load-bearing capacity of the plate heat exchangers soldered with nickel.
Ein anderes Problem, das in Kälteanlagen und Wärmetauschern mit gasförmigen Medien auftritt, besteht in der Bildung von Gasblasen, die sich in den Strömungskanälen zwischen den Plat¬ ten festsetzen können und in ihrem Bereich den Wärmeaustausch
verringern und den Strömungswiderstand vergrößern. Dadurch kann der Wirkungsgrad des Wärmetauschers stark beeinträchtigt werden.Another problem that occurs in refrigeration systems and heat exchangers with gaseous media is the formation of gas bubbles which can settle in the flow channels between the plates and the heat exchange in their area decrease and increase the flow resistance. This can severely affect the efficiency of the heat exchanger.
Dieser stationären Blasenbildung ist von außen schwer beizu- kommen.This stationary blistering is difficult to get from the outside.
Eine Abführung der Gasblasen durch Durchbrüche in den Platten, wie sie in der DE-AS 27 22 288 und in der DE-OS 42 07 761 vorgesehen ist, scheitert daran, daß hinter jeder Platte ein Medium vorhanden ist, mit dem die Gasblasen nicht in Berührung kommen dürfen.Removal of the gas bubbles through openings in the plates, as provided in DE-AS 27 22 288 and in DE-OS 42 07 761, fails because there is a medium behind each plate with which the gas bubbles are not in May come into contact.
Einen Nachteil, den alle bekannten Plattenwärmetauscher haben, besteht darin, daß sie mit Zugankern zwischen stabilen Druck¬ platten eingespannt werden müssen, um den hohen Drücken von 40 bar und mehr und den durch hohe Temperaturunterschiede hervorgerufenen Spannungen standhalten zu können; denn die Platten sind grundsätzlich nur am Umfang und um die Medien¬ durchtrittsöffnungen verbunden.A disadvantage that all known plate heat exchangers have is that they have to be clamped with tie rods between stable pressure plates in order to withstand the high pressures of 40 bar and more and the stresses caused by high temperature differences; because the plates are basically only connected around the circumference and around the media through openings.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die Montage der Platten zu einem Stapel zu erleichtern, die Festigkeit ihrer wärmetauschenden Bereiche so zu erhöhen, daß aufwendige Druck¬ platten und Zuganker entfallen können, und den Strömungswider¬ stand in den gasführenden Strömungskanälen durch Verhinderung der Blasenbildung zu vermindern und dadurch zugleich den Wär- meübergang zu verbessern.The invention has for its object to facilitate the assembly of the plates in a stack, to increase the strength of their heat-exchanging areas so that complex pressure plates and tie rods can be omitted, and to increase the flow resistance in the gas-carrying flow channels by preventing the formation of bubbles reduce and thereby improve the heat transfer.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß die Wärmetauscherplatten an ausgewählten Berührungspunkten ihrer Profilierungen gelocht werden, daß die Ebenen um je zwei der symmetrisch zur Längsachse der Platten angeordneten Medien¬ durchtrittsöffnungen bis zur Höhe der Profilierungen auf jeder Seite einer Platte erhaben geprägt werden, daß der Rand einer jeden Platte in einem Winkel kleiner als 90° schüsself rmig aufgestellt wird und daß schließlich alle sich berührenden
renden Bereiche der Platten, insbesondere um die Lochungen und um die Mediendurchtrittsöffnungen sowie die schüsselförmig aufgestellten Ränder, mittels Laser verschweißt werden.This object is achieved in that the heat exchanger plates are perforated at selected points of contact of their profiles, that the planes are embossed by two of the media passage openings arranged symmetrically to the longitudinal axis of the plates up to the height of the profiles on each side of a plate Edge of each plate is set up at an angle of less than 90 ° in a bowl shape and that finally all touching areas of the plates, in particular around the perforations and around the media passage openings and the bowl-shaped edges, are welded by laser.
Die Lochungen können vor dem Schweißen nach einem vorgegebenen Muster eingestanzt werden, sie können aber auch mit dem Laser¬ strahl eingebracht werden. Sie sollten einen Durchmesser von 0,2 bis 2 mm, vorzugsweise von 0,5 bis 1 mm haben. Durch den schüsseiförmigen Rand zentrieren sich die aufeinan- dergelegten Platten beim Stapeln selbst.The perforations can be punched in according to a predetermined pattern before welding, but they can also be made with the laser beam. They should have a diameter of 0.2 to 2 mm, preferably 0.5 to 1 mm. Due to the bowl-shaped edge, the stacked plates center themselves when stacked.
Nach dem Auflegen einer jeden Platte wird sie mit der darun¬ terliegenden Platte mittels Laser verschweißt. Durch die vorgesehene Formgebung der Platte kann zwischen den Platten auf abstandhaltende Einbauten und Dichtungen verzichtet werden, die aggressiven Medien Angriffsflächen bieten könnten.After placing each plate, it is welded to the underlying plate using a laser. Due to the intended shape of the plate, there is no need for spaced internals and seals between the plates, which could offer aggressive media attack surfaces.
Auch Verbundmaterial zwischen den Platten ist nicht erforder¬ lich, da mit Laser geschweißt wird. Dadurch haben die erfin¬ dungsgemäßen Plattenwärmetauscher ein wesentlich verbessertes Korrosionsverhalten auch bei aggressiven Medien. Das Verschweißen der Berührungspunkte der Profilierungen zwei¬ er Platten hat die Wirkung, daß die wärmetauschenden Bereiche nicht nur durch Auflagen gestützt werden, sondern an den Auf¬ lagen zugleich fest eingespannt sind. Das hat zur Folge, daß sie bei gleicher Belastung eine geringere Durchbiegung haben. Daduch kann darauf verzichtet werden, den verschweißten Plat¬ tenstapel mit Zugankern zwischen Druckplatten einzuspannen. Andererseits können die Plattenwärmetauscher mit den vorge¬ schlagenen Veränderungen aber auch bei größeren Drücken ein¬ gesetzt werden. Die Lochungen im Bereich der sich berührenden Profilierungen zweier Platten verhindern wirksam die Blasenbildung, weil sie sich an den, von der Mittellinie der Strömungskanäle gemessen, entferntesten Punkten befinden, wo Blasenbildung am ehesten auftreten kann, und weil sie eine Verbindung zum gleichen
Medium schaffen, das in Strömungsrichtung einen geringeren Druck aufweist.Composite material between the plates is also not necessary, since laser welding is used. As a result, the plate heat exchangers according to the invention have a significantly improved corrosion behavior even with aggressive media. The welding of the contact points of the profiles of two plates has the effect that the heat-exchanging areas are not only supported by supports, but are also firmly clamped to the supports. As a result, they have less deflection under the same load. As a result, it is not necessary to clamp the welded plate stack with tie rods between pressure plates. On the other hand, the plate heat exchangers with the proposed changes can also be used at higher pressures. The perforations in the area of the contacting profiles of two plates effectively prevent the formation of bubbles because they are located at the most distant points, measured from the center line of the flow channels, where the formation of bubbles is most likely and because they connect to the same Create medium that has a lower pressure in the direction of flow.
Die Schweißnaht um jede Lochung verhindert, daß die Medien in andere, nicht für sie bestimmte Kanäle entweichen können.The weld seam around each perforation prevents the media from escaping into other channels that are not intended for them.
Gegenüber verlöteten Plattenwärmetauschern ergibt sich noch der Vorteil, daß die erfindungsgemäßen Wärmetauscher keiner Größenbeschränkung unterliegen. Die für das Verlöten erfor¬ derliche Wärme wird in einem Ofen zugeführt, dessen Größe auch die Größe der Plattenstapel beschränkt. Darüberhinaus ist die einsetzbare Wärmemenge durch das verwendete Plattenmaterial beschränkt und kann nur bis zu einer dadurch bestimmten Größe des Plattenstapels die in seinem Inneren erforderliche Löt¬ temperatur erzeugen. Beim Verschweißen mittels Laser werd-en dagegen die Platten einzeln verschweißt, wodurch diese Proble- me nicht auftreten.Compared to soldered plate heat exchangers, there is the advantage that the heat exchangers according to the invention are not subject to any size restrictions. The heat required for soldering is supplied in an oven, the size of which also limits the size of the stack of plates. In addition, the amount of heat that can be used is limited by the plate material used and can only produce the soldering temperature required in its interior up to a certain size of the plate stack. In contrast, when welding by laser, the plates are welded individually, so that these problems do not occur.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend an einem Ausführungsbeispiel erläutert:The invention is explained below using an exemplary embodiment:
Fig.l zeigt miteinander verschweißte Wärmetauscherplatten, die gegeneinander in ihrer Ebene um 180° gedreht sind,Fig.l shows welded heat exchanger plates that are rotated against each other in their plane by 180 °,
Fig.2 eine Wärmetauscherplatte ohne Lochungen,2 shows a heat exchanger plate without perforations,
Fig.3 einen vergrößerten Schnitt AΛ der in Fig. 1 dargestell¬ ten Wärmetauscherplatten.3 shows an enlarged section AΛ of the heat exchanger plates shown in FIG. 1.
Die Wärmetauscherplatten sind am schüsseif rmig aufgestelltenThe heat exchanger plates are set up in the shape of a bowl
Rand 1, an den gegenüber der Ebene der Platte zu ihren beiden Seiten erhabenen Ebenen 2 um die Mediendurchtrittsöffnungen 3 und an den sich berührenden Profilierungen 4 verschweißt um die Lochungen 5.
Edge 1, welded around the media through openings 3 on the planes 2 raised on both sides relative to the plane of the plate and welded around the perforations 5 at the profilings 4 in contact.
Claims
1. Plattenwärmetauscher für flüssige und gasförmige Medien, bestehend aus einem Stapel gleichförmiger Platten, die gegenüber benachbarten Platten um jeweils 180° in ihrer Ebene gedreht sind und deren Wärmetauscherflächen Profi¬ lierungen aufweisen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Wärmetauscherplatten an einigen sich berührenden Profilie¬ rungen zweier Platten gelocht sind, daß die Ebenen um je zwei der symmetrisch angeordneten Mediendurchtrittsöffnun¬ gen bis zur Höhe der Profilierungen auf jeder Seite einer Platte erhaben geprägt sind, daß der Rand einer jeden Platte in einem Winkel kleiner als 90° schüsselförmig auf¬ gestellt ist und daß alle sich berührenden Bereiche der Platten, insbesondere um die Lochungen und um die Medien¬ durchtrittsöffnungen sowie die schüsseiförmig aufgestell¬ ten Ränder, mittels Laser verschweißt sind.1. plate heat exchanger for liquid and gaseous media, consisting of a stack of uniform plates, which are rotated in relation to each other by 180 ° in their plane and whose heat exchanger surfaces have profiles, characterized in that the heat exchanger plates at some touching profiles two plates are perforated, that the planes are embossed around two of the symmetrically arranged media passage openings up to the height of the profiles on each side of a plate, that the edge of each plate is set up in a bowl shape at an angle of less than 90 ° and that all contacting areas of the plates, in particular around the perforations and around the media passage openings and the bowl-shaped edges, are welded by laser.
2. Plattenwärmetauscher nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeich- net, daß die Lochungen einen Durchmesser von 0,2 bis 2 mm haben, vorzugsweise von 0,5 bis 1 mm. 2. Plate heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that the perforations have a diameter of 0.2 to 2 mm, preferably from 0.5 to 1 mm.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19944431413 DE4431413C2 (en) | 1994-08-24 | 1994-08-24 | Plate heat exchangers for liquid and gaseous media |
| DEP4431413.2 | 1994-08-24 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1996006320A1 true WO1996006320A1 (en) | 1996-02-29 |
| WO1996006320B1 WO1996006320B1 (en) | 1996-03-14 |
Family
ID=6527340
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/DE1995/001175 WO1996006320A1 (en) | 1994-08-24 | 1995-08-22 | Plate-type heat exchanger for liquids and gases |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE4431413C2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1996006320A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6666263B2 (en) | 2001-06-23 | 2003-12-23 | Behr Gmbh & Co. | Device for cooling a vehicle appliance, in particular a battery or a fuel cell |
| CN101932897B (en) * | 2007-12-21 | 2013-01-30 | 阿尔法拉瓦尔股份有限公司 | Heat exchanger |
Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19628390C1 (en) * | 1996-07-13 | 1997-11-13 | Balcke Duerr Gmbh | Plate-type heat-exchanger |
| DE19639115C2 (en) * | 1996-09-24 | 2003-08-07 | Behr Gmbh & Co | Plate-shaped heat transfer element |
| DE19849449C2 (en) * | 1998-10-28 | 2003-05-28 | Hanf Carl Elino Ind Ofenbau | Method and system for connecting heat exchanger parts |
| DE19906180C2 (en) * | 1999-02-05 | 2003-02-06 | Peter Rehberg | Plate heat exchangers for water heating and storage |
| JP2001116483A (en) * | 1999-10-22 | 2001-04-27 | Ebara Corp | Plate heat-exchanger |
| DE10220532A1 (en) | 2001-05-11 | 2002-11-14 | Behr Gmbh & Co | Heat-exchange radiator has protruberances on sheets from hollow plate plane facing inwards |
| DE20114850U1 (en) * | 2001-09-07 | 2003-01-16 | Behr Gmbh & Co, 70469 Stuttgart | Heat-exchange radiator has protruberances on sheets from hollow plate plane facing inwards |
| FR2846733B1 (en) * | 2002-10-31 | 2006-09-15 | Valeo Thermique Moteur Sa | CONDENSER, IN PARTICULAR FOR A CIRCUIT FOR CIMATING A MOTOR VEHICLE, AND CIRCUIT COMPRISING THE CONDENSER |
| DE10304692A1 (en) * | 2003-02-06 | 2004-08-19 | Modine Manufacturing Co., Racine | Corrugated insert for a heat exchanger tube |
| JP2011106764A (en) * | 2009-11-19 | 2011-06-02 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Plate type heat exchanger and heat pump device |
| EP2886246A1 (en) | 2013-12-19 | 2015-06-24 | MAHLE Behr France Hambach S.A.S | Joining device |
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| JPS52138743A (en) * | 1976-05-17 | 1977-11-19 | Hisaka Works Ltd | Plate evaporator |
| DE2948586A1 (en) * | 1979-12-03 | 1981-06-25 | Alfa-Laval AB, 14700 Tumba | HEAT EXCHANGER |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6666263B2 (en) | 2001-06-23 | 2003-12-23 | Behr Gmbh & Co. | Device for cooling a vehicle appliance, in particular a battery or a fuel cell |
| CN101932897B (en) * | 2007-12-21 | 2013-01-30 | 阿尔法拉瓦尔股份有限公司 | Heat exchanger |
| US8939195B2 (en) | 2007-12-21 | 2015-01-27 | Alfa Laval Corporate Ab | Heat exchanger |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE4431413A1 (en) | 1996-02-29 |
| DE4431413C2 (en) | 2002-10-10 |
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