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WO1996001455A1 - Dispositif et procede servant a transmettre des informations a un systeme de commande ou a un ordinateur - Google Patents

Dispositif et procede servant a transmettre des informations a un systeme de commande ou a un ordinateur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1996001455A1
WO1996001455A1 PCT/GB1995/001547 GB9501547W WO9601455A1 WO 1996001455 A1 WO1996001455 A1 WO 1996001455A1 GB 9501547 W GB9501547 W GB 9501547W WO 9601455 A1 WO9601455 A1 WO 9601455A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
space
electromagnetic radiation
source
computer
image
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB1995/001547
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Christoph Dobrusskin
Original Assignee
Central Research Laboratories Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Central Research Laboratories Limited filed Critical Central Research Laboratories Limited
Priority to EP95923468A priority Critical patent/EP0769176A1/fr
Publication of WO1996001455A1 publication Critical patent/WO1996001455A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G06F3/042—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by opto-electronic means
    • G06F3/0425—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by opto-electronic means using a single imaging device like a video camera for tracking the absolute position of a single or a plurality of objects with respect to an imaged reference surface, e.g. video camera imaging a display or a projection screen, a table or a wall surface, on which a computer generated image is displayed or projected
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/0304—Detection arrangements using opto-electronic means

Definitions

  • This invention relates to apparatus for providing information to a control system or computer, the apparatus comprising:- a) display means for producing a viewable image, and b) sensing means for sensing the presence and/or position of an object in a given region of space in the vicinity of the viewable image, this information for communication to the control system or computer, the sensing means having at least one detector element sensitive to electromagnetic radiation.
  • the invention also relates to a method for providing information to a control system or a computer.
  • apparatus as defined in the first paragraph above characterized in that the display means is arranged to produce a real image being suspended in space, and the sensing means senses from which of a plurality of sub-regions of the given region of space electromagnetic radiation, being emitted by or reflected from the object, emanates.
  • This arrangement makes interaction with a 3 dimensional and/or suspended real image more convenient and intuitive.
  • the apparatus preferably includes a source of electromagnetic radiation for scattering and/or reflection by the object, the source being arranged such that electromagnetic radiation emitted therefrom will not impinge directly upon any said detector element sensitive to such radiation, the source being further arranged to sequentially illuminate successive sub-regions of the given region of space.
  • the electromagnetic radiation may be modulated. This can give the advantage of making the signal easier to extract from background noise caused by ambient lighting which may be constant or modulated in a different manner.
  • a method of providing information to a control system or computer having a display comprising the steps of a) placing an object into a given region of space (having a plurality of sub- regions) in the vicinity of a real viewable image from the display being suspended in space, b) sensing into which sub-region the object has been placed by means of electromagnetic radiation scattered and/or reflected by the presence of the object or emitted by the object, and c) communicating this information to the control system or computer.
  • This method has the advantage that it can enable interaction between, for example, a human or animal and a real suspended image or virtual reality apparatus without the necessity of electrical connections or cabling.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of an apparatus for providing a real image suspended in space
  • Figures 2 and 3 are cross-sectional side views of the apparatus of Figure 1
  • Figure 4 shows a first embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention
  • Figure 5 shows a second embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention
  • FIG. 6 shows a flow diagram of a method according to the invention.
  • like integers are assigned the same number whenever possible in subsequent drawings.
  • beamsplitter 4 is mounted for example in an aperture in an opaque surface 2.
  • retroreflector means comprising an array of retroreflectors, such as a sheet 6 of corner-cubes, is positioned in a path for light which has been reflected by the beamsplitter 4. In this example it is positioned at an acute angle thereto, which is about 45°, so as to form the second side of a triangle therewith.
  • An object 8 as a picture displayed on a VDU screen is positioned along the third side of the triangle, at approximately 90° to the beamsplitter.
  • the screen 8 may be positioned at an angle in the range from 70 to 110° to the beamsplitter 4.
  • means for screening the retroreflector 6 from the object 8 is provided, such as a louvre film 12 in front of the object 8.
  • the beamsplitter 4 reflects light from the object 8 towards the retroreflector 6.
  • some of the light is transmitted by the beamsplitter 4 and is "lost".
  • the beamsplitter 4 also transmits light reflected from the retroreflector 6 to form the suspended image 14 opposing the object 8 with respect to the beamsplitter 4.
  • some of the light is reflected by the beamsplitter back towards the original image 8.
  • a further array of retroreflectors 16 is positioned in a path for light which has been transmitted by the beamsplitter.
  • the object 8 is a projection screen, and an image is formed thereon by a projector 18.
  • the projector 18 is shown positioned in the gap 10 between the retroreflector array 6 and the object 8, but may have other positions. For example it may be positioned in an aperture in the retroreflector array 6.
  • the beamsplitter may be polarization selective, transmitting light having one type of circular polarization and reflecting light having the other type.
  • it may comprise layers of cholesteric liquid crystal polymers reflecting different spectral regions of circularly polarized light of one sense so as to reflect white light (i.e. the whole visible spectrum) of this sense.
  • the object may be arranged to emit circularly polarized light, in which case one of the arrays 6, 16 may be omitted, since all of the light from the object could be of the type which is either reflected or is transmitted by the selective beamsplitter.
  • a transmissive such screen is disclosed in GB 1509180.
  • Figures 4 and 5 show such an image together with an input device according to the present invention.
  • the elements are sensitive to infra-red radiation which is scattered and/or reflected via the object (55) from a source (58) of infra-red radiation which illuminates the space.
  • the detector elements and source are arranged so that infra-red light does not illuminate the detector elements directly.
  • the detector element arrays identify which possible sub-region of the given space the infra-red signal associated with the object emanates.
  • the sensing means may be made as described in US patent number 5,196,900, which is incorporated herein by reference.
  • the display means (51) in the present embodiment comprises apparatus as described above and shown in Figures 1 and 2 which display means projects a real image (14) suspended in space (56) above the display means.
  • the display means includes a transparent sheet (2) which isolates the light sources from the space in which the image is formed.
  • the image is formed by visible light which passes through the transparent sheet from the display means.
  • electromagnetic radiation in the form of infra-red rays scattered by the object of interest (55) from the source (58) passes through the transparent sheet to be detected by the photosensitive element arrays (53, 54).
  • These arrays each have an optical system (60), in the present embodiment comprising a converging lens which makes each detector element sensitive to light incident from a narrow range of solid angles.
  • the light emanating from the display means to form the image may be scattered and/or reflected by the object when it intersects or penetrates the image, this light being detected by the sensing means. Because this light is likely to be visible Ught, ambient light present close to the real image may result in interference when using the last alternative. This disadvantage can be mitigated by causing the intensity of the light source to fluctuate periodically. In order to make this less disturbing for the viewer, it is advantageous if the fluctuations occur at a frequency higher than a critical fusion frequency dependent upon local illumination conditions.
  • two two-dimensional arrays of detector elements have been used, two one-dimensional arrays at an oblique angle to one another can be used, as can a one-dimensional array together with a two-dimensional array to provide sensing of the object in a more restricted given space or with reduced precision in one direction. It is preferable to use one-dimensional arrays in which the detector elements have acceptance angles which are wide in a direction orthogonal to the line of array elements to give adequate position triangulation.
  • the sensing means comprises a single photosensitive element (64) which can sense the presence of incident electromagnetic radiation over a large acceptance angle, together with means to sequentially illuminate sub-regions of the given space.
  • the means comprise two one-dimensional LED arrays (65, 66) coupled to respective converging lenses (67, 68). Each LED in (65) is illuminated in turn for a given time whilst the photosensitive element is ready to receive a scattered or reflected signal from the object (55). Each LED is controlled to emit light in a specific time interval so that the output from the photosensitive element may be identified with a specific LED.
  • the LEDs in 65 When all the LEDs in 65 have been illuminated, the LEDs in 66 are illuminated one at a time in turn as before.
  • each LED may be assigned a specific time so that a signal from the photosensitive element may be unambiguously be identified. If no signals are present the procedure starts over again and no data need be communicated to the computer. If an object is present, two signals at respective times will be generated. These signals wUl have a one-to-one correspondence with one LED in 65 and one LED in 66, and triangulation techniques may be employed to identify in which sub-region of space the object was present. This information is then communicated to the computer. As an alternative the computer may perform the triangulation analysis itself from the detected information - in this case the identity of the relevant LEDs.
  • any method of generating two sets of Uluminated stripes which intersect may be used, for example two sets of raster scanned laser beams.
  • a two dimensional array of detector elements together with a raster scanned laser beam may be employed to determine the position of any object in a given sub-region of space.
  • point Ught sources may be used. In order to minimize the number of such light sources, one may share each lens in the above example, but shine Ught perpendicular to the arrays. In this case a beam spUtter is used to deflect the Ught through the lens without illuminating the arrays directly. Using this arrangement electromagnetic radiation reflected directly back towards its source may be partially transmitted towards the detector elements by the beam-spUtter.
  • Block 40 denotes placing an object into a given region of space (having a pluraUty of sub-regions) in the vicinity of the suspended image from the display,
  • Block 41 denotes sensing into which sub-region the object has been placed by means of electromagnetic radiation scattered and/or reflected by the presence of the object or emitted by the object, and
  • Block 42 denotes communicating this information to the control system or computer.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Position Input By Displaying (AREA)

Abstract

Dispositif servant à transmettre des informations à un ordinateur et comprenant un écran visuel (51) produisant une image pouvant être visualisée (14) et qui est suspendue dans l'espace, ainsi qu'un détecteur possédant deux ensembles d'éléments photosensibles (53, 54), afin de détecter la présence et/ou la position d'un objet (par exemple, un doigt) (55) dans un espace donné à proximité de l'image, ces informations étant transférées à l'ordinateur. Les éléments sont sensibles au rayonnement infrarouge, qui est soit émis passivement, soit diffusé et/ou réfléchi par l'intermédiaire de l'objet depuis une source (58) de rayonnement infrarouge éclairant l'espace. Les éléments du détecteur et la source sont disposés de telle manière que la lumière n'éclaire pas directement lesdits éléments. Les ensembles d'éléments du détecteur permettent d'identifier de quelle sous-région éventuelle de l'espace donné émane le signal infrarouge associé à l'objet. L'invention permet de réaliser une interaction avec une image en suspension ou avec un système de réalité virtuelle sans entourer l'espace par des sources lumineuses et/ou des détecteurs.
PCT/GB1995/001547 1994-07-01 1995-06-29 Dispositif et procede servant a transmettre des informations a un systeme de commande ou a un ordinateur WO1996001455A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP95923468A EP0769176A1 (fr) 1994-07-01 1995-06-29 Dispositif et procede servant a transmettre des informations a un systeme de commande ou a un ordinateur

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9413214A GB9413214D0 (en) 1994-07-01 1994-07-01 Apparatus and method for providing information to a control system or computer
GB9413214.9 1994-07-01

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1996001455A1 true WO1996001455A1 (fr) 1996-01-18

Family

ID=10757617

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB1995/001547 WO1996001455A1 (fr) 1994-07-01 1995-06-29 Dispositif et procede servant a transmettre des informations a un systeme de commande ou a un ordinateur

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0769176A1 (fr)
GB (1) GB9413214D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO1996001455A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0809175A1 (fr) * 1996-05-21 1997-11-26 Fujitsu Limited Appareil et méthode de l'entrée/sortie utilisant une image dans l'espace
FR2773894A1 (fr) * 1998-01-22 1999-07-23 Eastman Kodak Co Interface interactive
US5965860A (en) * 1996-05-28 1999-10-12 Fujitsu Limited Management system for using IC card with registered personal information
US7083554B1 (en) 1997-02-27 2006-08-01 Nautilus, Inc. Exercise machine with infinite position range limiter and automatic belt tensioning system
WO2011046541A1 (fr) 2009-10-12 2011-04-21 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Affichage avec capteur optique

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5196900A (en) * 1988-04-12 1993-03-23 Metronor A.S. Method and sensor for opto-electronic angle measurements
GB2263546A (en) * 1992-01-20 1993-07-28 Digital Stream Corp Wireless input device for computers
US5319387A (en) * 1991-04-19 1994-06-07 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Apparatus for specifying coordinates of a body in three-dimensional space
WO1995002163A1 (fr) * 1993-07-08 1995-01-19 Science Accessories Corp. Determination de position et d'angle en utilisant la lumiere

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5196900A (en) * 1988-04-12 1993-03-23 Metronor A.S. Method and sensor for opto-electronic angle measurements
US5319387A (en) * 1991-04-19 1994-06-07 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Apparatus for specifying coordinates of a body in three-dimensional space
GB2263546A (en) * 1992-01-20 1993-07-28 Digital Stream Corp Wireless input device for computers
WO1995002163A1 (fr) * 1993-07-08 1995-01-19 Science Accessories Corp. Determination de position et d'angle en utilisant la lumiere

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0809175A1 (fr) * 1996-05-21 1997-11-26 Fujitsu Limited Appareil et méthode de l'entrée/sortie utilisant une image dans l'espace
US5965860A (en) * 1996-05-28 1999-10-12 Fujitsu Limited Management system for using IC card with registered personal information
US7083554B1 (en) 1997-02-27 2006-08-01 Nautilus, Inc. Exercise machine with infinite position range limiter and automatic belt tensioning system
FR2773894A1 (fr) * 1998-01-22 1999-07-23 Eastman Kodak Co Interface interactive
EP0932116A1 (fr) * 1998-01-22 1999-07-28 Eastman Kodak Company Interface interactive
WO2011046541A1 (fr) 2009-10-12 2011-04-21 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Affichage avec capteur optique
EP2488933A4 (fr) * 2009-10-12 2014-07-23 Hewlett Packard Development Co Affichage avec capteur optique

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB9413214D0 (en) 1994-08-24
EP0769176A1 (fr) 1997-04-23

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