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WO1996000327A1 - Pieces moulees de fixation de talus - Google Patents

Pieces moulees de fixation de talus Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1996000327A1
WO1996000327A1 PCT/EP1995/002361 EP9502361W WO9600327A1 WO 1996000327 A1 WO1996000327 A1 WO 1996000327A1 EP 9502361 W EP9502361 W EP 9502361W WO 9600327 A1 WO9600327 A1 WO 9600327A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
molded parts
parts according
biodegradable
starch
producing
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP1995/002361
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Wolfgang Ritter
Stephan Von Tapavicza
Original Assignee
Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien filed Critical Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien
Priority to EP95924276A priority Critical patent/EP0767854A1/fr
Publication of WO1996000327A1 publication Critical patent/WO1996000327A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
    • E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
    • E02D17/202—Securing of slopes or inclines with flexible securing means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to molded parts made of plastic for securing embankments, in particular the embankments of earth walls.
  • Another known method for securing embankments is less labor-intensive.
  • the top humus layer is secured against slipping down by prefabricated grid-like parts.
  • these molded parts cannot be rotten, so that a permanent presence of non-rotten plastics in the field must be accepted, even if the vegetation is sufficient and the stabilization aid is no longer necessary.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to develop inexpensive moldings for effectively securing the embankments, on the one hand only require little work to attach to the embankment. On the other hand, a long-term presence of plastic parts in the field should be avoided.
  • the molded parts consist of a partially or completely biodegradable plastic, in particular thermoplastic starch.
  • Biodegradable plastics are known. Examples include polyhydroxybutyric acid, polyhydroxyvaleric acid, copolymers of these, alkyd resins, cellulose diacetate and so-called thermoplastic starch in various mixtures.
  • the microbiological degradation of alkyd resins based on fatty acid, glycerol and phthalic acid is described in the magazine "fetzbe + lack", 98th year, 7/1992, pages 505 to 508. In an earth digging test, a weight loss of approximately 3 to 30% was found after 6 weeks of testing and approximately 7 to 35% after 12 weeks of testing. The greater the fatty acid content in the alkyd resin, the greater the mass loss.
  • thermoplastic starch This material is also particularly inexpensive, so that this plastic is suitable for many applications in which the use of other biodegradable plastics is not possible for economic reasons. This applies in particular to the manufacture of the above-mentioned shaped parts for securing embankments.
  • thermoplastic starch in a homogeneous mixture with selected synthetic thermoplastic polymer compounds is referred to here and below as thermoplastic starch.
  • native starch together with limited amounts of water and, if appropriate, further auxiliaries, is converted in a thermomechanical digestion into a thermoplastic material whose shaping further processing is possible in a conventional manner, "for example by injection molding or calendering.
  • the thermomechanical digestion below The use of elevated temperatures and pressures is particularly important in conventional nell extruders that are upstream of the shaping processing step or that are also used for shaping at the same time.
  • a partially biodegradable thermoplastic starch can be produced by thermomechanical digestion of the starch with polyethylene or ethylene copolymers. After biodegradation, this material, which can be used in the context of the invention, breaks down into finely divided, very small particles made of polyethylene.
  • thermoplastic starches which are also suitable for use in this invention, can be found, for example, in the patent applications DE 4038 732 AI, DE 41 21 111 AI, DE 42 09 095 AI of the applicant. Reference is expressly made to the content of these publications to supplement the disclosure.
  • DE 40 38 732 A1 describes the production of thermoplastic starch by coextrusion of starch with aqueous polymer dispersions which contain the synthetic polymer material in a finely dispersed distribution in an aqueous phase. After the starch portion has completely biodegraded, the portion of the synthetic polymer remains in finely divided, powder-like form, provided the synthetic polymer is not also biodegraded. In the latter case, the finely dispersed distribution promotes rapid degradation by microorganisms.
  • DE 4038732 AI mentions polyvinyl acetate and copolymers in particular as an example of the synthetic polymer component. Alternatively, for example, polyurethane made with native fats or a fatty alcohol-acrylate homopolymer and corresponding copolymers can also be used.
  • DE 41 21 111 AI proposes, as a synthetic thermoplastic polymer for the homogeneous isolation of thermomechanically digested starch, polyesters and / or polyamides which are based at least in part on renewable raw materials, in particular on the basis of native fats and oils.
  • a particularly inexpensive and very readily biodegradable is a thermoplastic starch which has been produced in admixture with alkyd resins.
  • the alkyd resins are built up completely or at least predominantly from raw materials based on renewable raw materials.
  • Such a thermoplastic starch with mixed oxidatively crosslinkable alkyd resins is described in DE 42 09 095 AI.
  • oxidatively crosslinkable alkyd resins to which reference is made.
  • Natural product-based alkyd resins of the type which are particularly preferred according to the invention are based on glycerol as a 3-functional polyol component and fatty acids of natural origin as an onofunctional carboxylic acid component.
  • the onofunctional reactants are used on average in such amounts that the desired reaction with dicarboxylic acids - for example phthalic acid or phthalic anhydride - becomes possible.
  • At least predominantly natural product-based modified alkyd resins of this type are characterized, for example, in that more than 50% by weight and preferably between 60 and 70% by weight of the alkyd resin is formed from these natural product-based components, in particular glycerol and mono-functional fatty acids, while at the same time The rest of the dicarboxylic acids and optionally additional diol components are present in the polymer molecule.
  • the molded parts consist of thermoplastic starch which is present in the blend with decomposable polymers, in particular polyvinyl acetate, alkyd resins, polyesters and / or polyamides.
  • decomposable polymers in particular polyvinyl acetate, alkyd resins, polyesters and / or polyamides.
  • a targeted selection of the admixed excipients, especially the synthetic thermoplastic polymer compounds enables the desired material properties to be set, for example the chronological course of the decrease in mechanical strength.
  • An extension of the usage properties is also possible by using modified or hydrophobized starch.
  • Another possibility for extending the use properties over time is to coat the finished molded parts with a waterproof, but nonetheless biodegradable layer.
  • a coating with polyhydroxybutyric acid, with oxidatively crosslinking alkyd resins, with substances which are degradable by climatic influences or biodegradable and which cure under the action of ultraviolet radiation is proposed here.
  • the coating can also consist of a composition of the named and possibly other substances.
  • the mechanical stability of the molded parts can also be adjusted by means of introduced fibers, with biodegradable fibers also being preferred here.
  • biodegradable fibers are examples of such fillers.
  • the molded parts according to the invention for securing embankments can have a different geometry in accordance with the respective type of use.
  • band-shaped plastic parts are possible which, as in the known method, can be braided around wooden posts driven into the slope. It is therefore proposed that the shaped parts have the geometric shape of tapes with dimensions such that they can be braided around wooden posts driven into the slope.
  • the molded parts are gratings made of the biodegradable plastic with strip-shaped strip surfaces lying perpendicular to the plane of the grating.
  • the above grating can be manufactured in different ways.
  • the grating is composed of strips and secured with a rotten one Construction adhesive. Examples of such an adhesive are described in DE 32 04 504 AI. These are special (meth) acrylic lat compounds. Reference is expressly made to this publication in order to disclose the details.
  • a grating with the desired length and width is continuously extruded as a block with honeycomb-shaped channels, which is cut by a cross cutter according to the desired thickness of the grating after it leaves the extruder head.
  • a number of displacement torpedoes corresponding to the number of honeycomb-shaped channels are provided in the outlet channel of the extruder head and are attached to webs within the head.
  • This type of extrusion system is known in principle from the manufacture of plastic tubes, although only a displacement torpedo is provided there.
  • a flat slope guard with straps made of the biodegradable plastic is produced by braiding the straps into mats, which are placed on the slope.
  • the thermoplastic starch can first be produced as granules and then extruded into the molded parts.
  • the molded parts are preferably molded in one work step simultaneously with the production of the thermoplastic starch, for example in an extruder. It is therefore proposed that the thermomechanical digestion of the starch be carried out in an extruder and the product extruded into the molded parts using the same extruder. Production can take place at a fixed production site or, in a preferred embodiment, with a mobile extruder directly on site.
  • the production directly at the place of use is particularly advantageous in the case of gratings, because the transport of the large empty volume that is unavoidable with the finished gratings is avoided. Only the mobile extruder and the granulate made of thermoplastic starch or a premix are transported to the place of use.
  • the strips and gratings are in particular produced directly with the desired dimensions, so that post-processing is not necessary.
  • FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of an embankment with the straps according to the invention for securing in a first embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of a grating according to the invention in a second embodiment of the invention
  • Figure 3 is a schematic representation of a manufacturing step in the manufacture of the gratings
  • Figure 4 is a mat braided from the tapes of the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows an earth wall 1 with a steep slope as noise protection along a road.
  • wooden posts 3 have been driven into the slope 2 and strips 4 made of thermoplastic starch have been braided.
  • the strips 4 with a cross section of approximately 3 ⁇ 100 m were produced simultaneously with the production of the thermoplastic starch by means of extrusion through a slot die.
  • Figure 2 shows an alternative molded part for securing the slope, namely a grating 5 made of thermoplastic starch.
  • the grating has the dimensions 120 x 80 x 10 cm with a honeycomb spacing of 10 cm and a material thickness of about 3 mm.
  • strips with the dimensions 120 x 10 x 0.3 cm or 80 x 10 0.3 cm can be assumed. These tapes are milled, joined and glued at the joints.
  • Suitable two-component adhesives based on methyl methacrylate are suitable as adhesives, for example the adhesive with the trade name "Stabilit Express" (product from Henkel KGaA) or epoxy adhesives, for example "Stabilit Ultra” from the same manufacturer.
  • a high-strength, but rotable structural adhesive is preferably used, as described for example in DE 3204504 AI, in order to ensure the rotting of the entire system in the ground.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of an extruder head 7 in which the displaceable torpedoes (not visible) for producing the honeycomb-shaped channels 6 are fastened in block 8.
  • the grid-like mat mesh shown in FIG. 4 can be used.
  • the tapes 4 here also consist of thermoplastic starch.
  • the distance between adjacent, parallel bands 4 is selected depending on the slope angle and the type and nature of the ground in order to achieve optimum slope protection. If necessary, the tapes can also have protrusions projecting upwards, which additionally prevent the soil from slipping off.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Biological Depolymerization Polymers (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

Des pièces moulées sont constituées d'une matière plastique entièrement ou partiellement biodégradable, notamment d'amidon thermoplastique. Elles sont économiques à produire et peuvent être aisément installées sur un talus, sans trop de travail, mais se conservent sur place uniquement pendant une période limitée, de sorte que l'on évite ainsi la présence durable de pièces en plastique sur le terrain.
PCT/EP1995/002361 1994-06-27 1995-06-19 Pieces moulees de fixation de talus WO1996000327A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP95924276A EP0767854A1 (fr) 1994-06-27 1995-06-19 Pieces moulees de fixation de talus

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEP4422337.4 1994-06-27
DE19944422337 DE4422337A1 (de) 1994-06-27 1994-06-27 Formteile zum Sichern von Böschungen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1996000327A1 true WO1996000327A1 (fr) 1996-01-04

Family

ID=6521537

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP1995/002361 WO1996000327A1 (fr) 1994-06-27 1995-06-19 Pieces moulees de fixation de talus

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0767854A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE4422337A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1996000327A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1999001278A1 (fr) * 1997-06-19 1999-01-14 Upm-Kymmene Oyj Plastique stratifie

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012111002A1 (de) 2012-11-15 2014-06-18 Jähne Gmbh Für Produktinnovationen Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erhöhung der Stabilität von Bodenmassen

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0235101A2 (fr) * 1986-02-24 1987-09-02 A/S Platon Dispositif de stabilisation de matériau en vrac, en particulier pour masses terreuses
EP0333576A2 (fr) * 1988-03-18 1989-09-20 Institut Textile De France Matériau tridimensionnel pour le renforcement des sols
DE3909189A1 (de) * 1989-03-21 1989-11-02 Arnold Dipl Ing Vogts Verstaerkungskoerper fuer schuett- und giessbare stoffe sowie verfahren und spritzkopf zu seiner herstellung
EP0403875A2 (fr) * 1989-06-19 1990-12-27 Akzo Nobel N.V. Structure cellulaire pour stabilisation de sol
DE4138506A1 (de) * 1991-02-28 1992-09-03 Johannes Radtke Hochleistungstextilverzugmatte
DE4209095A1 (de) * 1992-03-20 1993-09-23 Henkel Kgaa Thermoplastisch verarbeitbare werkstoffe auf staerkebasis, daraus gewonnene formteile und verfahren zu ihrer herstellung
DE9400650U1 (de) * 1994-01-15 1994-03-17 Radtke, Johannes, 47447 Moers Verbundmatte, insbesondere für den Fels-, Böschungs- und Deponiebau

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0235101A2 (fr) * 1986-02-24 1987-09-02 A/S Platon Dispositif de stabilisation de matériau en vrac, en particulier pour masses terreuses
EP0333576A2 (fr) * 1988-03-18 1989-09-20 Institut Textile De France Matériau tridimensionnel pour le renforcement des sols
DE3909189A1 (de) * 1989-03-21 1989-11-02 Arnold Dipl Ing Vogts Verstaerkungskoerper fuer schuett- und giessbare stoffe sowie verfahren und spritzkopf zu seiner herstellung
EP0403875A2 (fr) * 1989-06-19 1990-12-27 Akzo Nobel N.V. Structure cellulaire pour stabilisation de sol
DE4138506A1 (de) * 1991-02-28 1992-09-03 Johannes Radtke Hochleistungstextilverzugmatte
DE4209095A1 (de) * 1992-03-20 1993-09-23 Henkel Kgaa Thermoplastisch verarbeitbare werkstoffe auf staerkebasis, daraus gewonnene formteile und verfahren zu ihrer herstellung
DE9400650U1 (de) * 1994-01-15 1994-03-17 Radtke, Johannes, 47447 Moers Verbundmatte, insbesondere für den Fels-, Böschungs- und Deponiebau

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1999001278A1 (fr) * 1997-06-19 1999-01-14 Upm-Kymmene Oyj Plastique stratifie

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0767854A1 (fr) 1997-04-16
DE4422337A1 (de) 1996-01-04

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