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WO1995028335A1 - Tube verseur ventile a compensation automatique de la viscosite du fluide - Google Patents

Tube verseur ventile a compensation automatique de la viscosite du fluide Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1995028335A1
WO1995028335A1 PCT/US1995/004675 US9504675W WO9528335A1 WO 1995028335 A1 WO1995028335 A1 WO 1995028335A1 US 9504675 W US9504675 W US 9504675W WO 9528335 A1 WO9528335 A1 WO 9528335A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fluid
fluid conduit
container
pour spout
conduit
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1995/004675
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Verl Law
Original Assignee
Vemco, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vemco, Inc. filed Critical Vemco, Inc.
Priority to AU23856/95A priority Critical patent/AU2385695A/en
Publication of WO1995028335A1 publication Critical patent/WO1995028335A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
    • B67D—DISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B67D7/00—Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids from bulk storage containers or reservoirs into vehicles or into portable containers, e.g. for retail sale purposes
    • B67D7/005—Spouts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D25/00—Details of other kinds or types of rigid or semi-rigid containers
    • B65D25/38—Devices for discharging contents
    • B65D25/40—Nozzles or spouts
    • B65D25/48—Separable nozzles or spouts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D47/00—Closures with filling and discharging, or with discharging, devices
    • B65D47/04—Closures with discharging devices other than pumps
    • B65D47/20—Closures with discharging devices other than pumps comprising hand-operated members for controlling discharge
    • B65D47/26—Closures with discharging devices other than pumps comprising hand-operated members for controlling discharge with slide valves, i.e. valves that open and close a passageway by sliding over a port, e.g. formed with slidable spouts
    • B65D47/28—Closures with discharging devices other than pumps comprising hand-operated members for controlling discharge with slide valves, i.e. valves that open and close a passageway by sliding over a port, e.g. formed with slidable spouts having linear movement
    • B65D47/283—Closures with discharging devices other than pumps comprising hand-operated members for controlling discharge with slide valves, i.e. valves that open and close a passageway by sliding over a port, e.g. formed with slidable spouts having linear movement between tubular parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D47/00—Closures with filling and discharging, or with discharging, devices
    • B65D47/04—Closures with discharging devices other than pumps
    • B65D47/32—Closures with discharging devices other than pumps with means for venting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
    • B67D—DISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B67D7/00—Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids from bulk storage containers or reservoirs into vehicles or into portable containers, e.g. for retail sale purposes
    • B67D7/04—Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids from bulk storage containers or reservoirs into vehicles or into portable containers, e.g. for retail sale purposes for transferring fuels, lubricants or mixed fuels and lubricants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B61/00—Adaptations of engines for driving vehicles or for driving propellers; Combinations of engines with gearing
    • F02B61/04—Adaptations of engines for driving vehicles or for driving propellers; Combinations of engines with gearing for driving propellers
    • F02B61/045—Adaptations of engines for driving vehicles or for driving propellers; Combinations of engines with gearing for driving propellers for marine engines

Definitions

  • This invention relates to pour spouts for containers of fluid, and more particularly to pour spouts which permit transfers of fluid under the influence of gravity into a receiving vessel without the risk of spills or overflow.
  • a common example involves the widespread use of internal combustion engines in lawn mowers, chain saws, tractors, motorized recreational vehicles, outboard motors, and other gasoline-powered machinery employed on farms and construction sites. It is undesirable that in filling the fuel reservoirs for such devices gasoline in any appreciable quantity should be spilled. Uncontained gasoline presents health and safety risks to persons nearby, as well as a source of environmental pollution generally. Associated with other fluids, such as cooking or machine oils, pesticides, fertilizers, cleaning fluids, sealants, and even food substances are similar concerns for minimizing spills when fluids are transferred from one container to another.
  • containers of fluid whether or not equipped with facilitating pour spouts or used with funnels, must be tilted toward the receiving vessel in order to initiate a flow of fluid.
  • this tilting must occur prior to entry of the pour spout into the neck of the receiving vessel or the top of the funnel, spills are common.
  • a further problem related to ineffective venting during pouring is the development of an airlock wherein a total absence of venting in combination with specific volume and viscosity parameters can result in a fluid which will not pour once its container is inverted.
  • the air lock can be dissipated by righting the container, but such activity causes splashing of the fluid in its container.
  • the necessity to reenter the pour spout into the receiving vessel thereafter increases the opportunities for spills.
  • overflow control mechanisms commonly used in service stations for controlling overflow in filling the gas tank of a vehicle are of this latter type.
  • the effectiveness of such systems is derived from the fact that the fluid transferred is being moved due to pressure, rather than gravity.
  • gravity is used, for example, to induce the flow of kerosene when that fuel is transferred from a storage container at a campsite into a lantern or a cook stove. It is to such gravity-induced types of fluid transfers that the present invention pertains, and it has been found that prior to this invention, no known satisfactory configuration for a pour spout had been achieved which could consistently facilitate spill-free, clean fluid transfers.
  • venting structure adapted for fluids of heavy viscosity may function much less advantageously when used with fluids of a much lower viscosity.
  • a pour spout for permitting transfer of a fluid from a container of the fluid to a receiving vessel .
  • the pour spout comprises a fluid conduit opening at one end thereof into the container of fluid.
  • the fluid conduit is provided with a fluid discharge opening through which fluid from the container is transferred into the receiving vessel .
  • the pour spout comprises baffle means located in the fluid conduit both for admitting air into the interior space within the fluid conduit and the container at a first longitudinal position in the fluid conduit, and for maintaining the point of zero static head pressure in the fluid flowing through the baffle means at a second longitudinal position located further from the container of fluid than the first longitudinal position.
  • a barrier is disposed across the interior of the fluid conduit at an inclination relative to the longitudinal axis of the fluid conduit.
  • An air vent aperture and a distinct fluid aperture are formed through the barrier, with the air vent aperture located inside the fluid conduit closer to the container of fluid than the fluid aperture.
  • the baffle means can take the form of a fluid conduit end cap attached to and at least partially closing the end of the fluid conduit remote from the container of fluid.
  • a fluid discharge passageway and an air inlet passageway are formed through the end cap.
  • the baffle means may take the form of a fluid conduit end cap attached to and at least partially closing the end of the fluid conduit remote from the container of fluid in combination with an air vent tube communicating between the exterior of the fluid conduit and the interior space within the fluid conduit and the fluid container.
  • a barricade disposed across the interior of the fluid conduit obstructs the flow of fluid through the fluid conduit from the container and is provided with viscosity accommodating transfer means formed in the barricade for smoothly and continuously exchanging through the barricade air in the fluid conduit from the side of the barricade opposite from the fluid container and fluid from the container at a rate determined by the viscosity thereof.
  • At least one elongated aperture is formed through the barricade extending continuously from the first longitudinal position in the fluid conduit to the second longitudinal position.
  • the barricade may comprise a plate disposed in the fluid conduit at an inclination to the longitudinal axis thereof with a plurality of elongated apertures formed therethrough in parallel relationship to the longitudinal axis of the plate.
  • the barricade may take the form of a cone disposed in the fluid conduit with the small end of the cone oriented toward the container of fluid and the large end of the cone engaging the interior of the fluid conduit .
  • At least one elongated aperture is formed through the cone extending continuously from the first longitudinal position in the fluid conduit to the second longitudinal position.
  • the barricade can comprise a plurality of elongated obstacles secured in planar, spaced- apart relationship within the fluid conduit at an inclination relative to the longitudinal axis thereof.
  • the barricade can take the form of screen or mesh mounted in the fluid conduit at an inclination to the longitudinal axis thereof.
  • the uniform array of windows through the screen or mesh functions substantially like a single or a plurality of elongated apertures inclined relative to the longitudinal axis of the fluid conduit, while the wires or other materials between the apertures are the functional equivalent of an array of spaced-apart obstacles of fine dimension. Air passes through this barrier through the uppermost portion thereof closest to the fluid container, while fluid goes through the barrier in the opposite direction at the lower portions thereof that are more remote from the fluid container.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of one embodiment of a pour spout incorporating the teachings of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the embodiment of the pour spout illustrated in Figure 1 taken along the section line 2-2 therein;
  • Figure 3A is a cross-sectional view of the pour spout shown in Figure 1 in a first stage of operation
  • Figure 3B is a cross-sectional view of the pour spout of Figure 1 shown in a second stage of operation;
  • Figure 3C is a cross-sectional view of the pour spout of Figure 1 shown in a third stage of operation;
  • Figure 4 is a perspective view of a second embodiment of a pour spout incorporating teachings of the present invention with the slide valve thereof in its closed position;
  • Figure 5 is a perspective view of the pour spout of Figure 4, with the slide valve thereof in its open position;
  • Figure 6 is an exploded perspective view of the components of the pour spout of Figures 4 and 5;
  • Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of the end cap of the pour spout of Figure 6 taken along section line 7-7 therein;
  • Figure 8 is a cross-sectional elevation view of the full length of the pour spout shown in Figure 4 taken along section line 8-8 therein;
  • Figure 9 is a cross-sectional elevation view of the full length of the pour spout shown in Figure 5 taken along section line 9-9 therein;
  • Figure 10A is a schematic diagram of selected functions operative during the pouring of fluid from a pour spout;
  • Figure 10B is a schematic diagram of additional selected functions operative during pouring of a fluid from the pour spout of Figure 1;
  • Figure IOC is a schematic diagram of selected functions operative during pouring of a fluid from the pour spout of Figure 4;
  • Figure 10D is a schematic diagram of additional selected functions operative during pouring of a fluid from the pour spout of Figure 4;
  • Figure 11 is a cross-sectional elevation view of the full length of a third embodiment of a pour spout incorporating teachings of the present invention with the slide valve thereof in its closed position;
  • Figure 12 is a cross-sectional elevation view of the full length of the pour spout shown in Figure 11 with the slide valve thereof in its open position;
  • Figure 13 is a plan view of the barrier in the pour spout of Figure 12 as seen along section line 13-13 shown therein;
  • Figure 14 is a cross-sectional view of the barrier illustrated in Figure 13 taken along section line 14-14 shown therein and corresponding as a result to an enlarged cross-sectional view of the barrier illustrated in Figure 13 as seen in Figures 11 and 12;
  • Figure 15A is a schematic diagram of selected functions operative during pouring of a fluid of low viscosity from the pour spout of Figure 11;
  • Figure 15B is a schematic diagram of selected functions operative during pouring of a fluid of medium viscosity from the pour spout of Figure 11;
  • Figure 15C is a schematic diagram of selected functions operative during pouring of a fluid of high viscosity from the pour spout of Figure 11;
  • Figure 15D is a schematic diagram of selected functions operative during pouring of a fluid of very high viscosity from the pour spout of Figure 11;
  • Figure 16 is a cross-sectional elevation view of the full length of a fourth embodiment of a pour spout incorporating teachings of the present invention with the slide valve thereof in its closed position;
  • Figure 17 is a cross-sectional elevation view of the full length of the pour spout shown in Figure 16 with the slide valve thereof in its open position;
  • Figure 18 is a plan view of a first embodiment of the barricade in the pour spout of Figure 17 as seen along section line 18-18 shown therein;
  • Figure 19 is a cross-sectional view of the barricade illustrated in Figure 18 taken along section line 19-19 shown therein;
  • Figure 20 is a perspective view in partial break away of the pour spout of Figure 17 illustrating fluid being exchanged for air through the barricade thereof;
  • Figure 21A is a schematic diagram of selected functions operative during pouring of a fluid of low viscosity from the pour spout of Figure 16
  • Figure 21B is a schematic diagram of selected functions operative during pouring of a fluid of medium viscosity from the pour spout of Figure 16;
  • Figure 21C is a schematic diagram of selected functions operative during pouring of a fluid of high viscosity from the pour spout of Figure 16;
  • Figure 21D is a schematic diagram of selected functions operative during pouring of a fluid of very high viscosity from the pour spout of Figure 16;
  • Figure 22 is a plan view of a second embodiment of a barricade of the type illustrated in Figure 18;
  • Figure 23 is a cross-sectional view of the barricade illustrated in Figure 22 taken along section line 23-23 shown therein;
  • Figure 24 is a plan view of a third embodiment of a barricade of the type illustrated in Figure 18;
  • Figure 25 is a cross-sectional view of the barricade illustrated in Figure 24 taken along section line 25-25 shown therein;
  • Figure 26 is a cross-sectional elevation view of the full length of a fifth embodiment of a pour spout incorporating teachings of the present invention with the slide valve thereof in its open position;
  • Figure 27 is a cross-sectional elevation view of the end of a pour spout, such as the pour spout depicted in
  • Figure 28 is a cross-sectional view of the pour spout illustrated in Figure 27 taken along section line 28-28 shown therein;
  • Figure 29 is a plan view of a fifth embodiment of a barricade of the type illustrated in Figure 18; and Figure 30 is a cross-sectional view of the barricade illustrated in Figure 29 taken along section line 29-29 shown therein.
  • Figs. 1 and 2 taken together illustrate one embodiment of a pour spout 10 constructed to permit transfers from a fluid container 12 while minimizing the possibility of spillage and waste.
  • Pour spout 10 comprises a fluid conduit 14 having one end 16 thereof attached to container 12.
  • the term "fluid conduit” is intended to refer to any structure, such as fluid conduit 14, through which fluid is transferred from a container, whether or not the fluid conduit is comprised of one or several components, and whether or not the passageway for fluid therethrough is straight, or as in Figs. 1 and 2, bent at one or more portions thereof.
  • Pour spout 10 may be fabricated with container 12 as an integral, nonremovable portion thereof by the permanent attachment of end 16 of fluid conduit 14 to container 12.
  • pour spout 10 may be removably attached to container 12 by any known structure capable of effecting that result.
  • this is shown to be possible using an annular, threaded cap 18 which cooperates with a correspondingly threaded neck portion 20 of container 12 to retain end 16 of fluid conduit 14 in selectively removable, fluid-sealing engagement therewith.
  • fluid conduit 14 In pour spout 10 the extreme end 22 of fluid conduit 14 terminates in a laterally disposed end piece 24 which extends radially outward beyond the exterior of fluid conduit 14 in an overhanging circular lip 26, the function of which will be explained subsequently.
  • one or more fluid discharge openings 28 are formed for permitting fluid to exit from fluid conduit 14. In most applications fluid discharge openings 28 will preferably be located near extreme end 22 of fluid conduit 14.
  • closure means are provided for precluding any flow of fluid from a fluid conduit, such as fluid conduit 14, until the fluid discharge openings through which such fluid can emerge are inside the receiving vessel to which the fluid is being transferred. As shown in
  • a slide valve 30 located on conduit 14 is biased into a closed position in which the flow of fluid from fluid conduit 14 through fluid discharge openings 28 is precluded.
  • Slide valve 30 may admit of many alternate configurations, but that presently preferred for the purposes of the inventive pour spout, is shown disposed on the exterior of fluid conduit 14.
  • Slide valve 30 comprises a sleeve 32 closely conforming to the exterior surface of fluid conduit 14 and mounted for sliding motion thereupon.
  • a fluid conduit 14 dimensioned so as to have an inner diameter of approximately 0.50 inches
  • a difference in diameter between the outside of fluid conduit 14 and the inside of the slide valve sleeve 32 which is in the range of 0.002 to 0.003 inches has been found to be a workable clearance satisfying the several functional demands placed upon sleeve 32. Not the least of these demands is that sleeve 32 must slide freely upon fluid conduit 14 and have an adequate longitudinal dimension so as to preclude binding thereupon.
  • Sleeve 32 is urged along fluid conduit 14 in a direction away from container 12 by a bias means, which by way of illustration, is shown in Figs. 1 and 2 as a spring 34 disposed encircling fluid conduit 14.
  • Spring 34 is held in compression between an enlarged cylindrical spring retainer 36 at the end of sleeve 32 closest to container 12 and a similarly shaped, opposed spring retainer 38 at the facing end of a collar 40 rigidly attached to fluid conduit 14 at a longitudinally fixed point thereupon. In this manner, spring 34 urges sleeve 32 along fluid conduit 14 in a direction away from container 12.
  • the closure means partially described above is further provided with a slide valve release means for co- acting with a receiving vessel for fluid from container 12 in order to open slide valve 30 and permit fluid to flow from fluid conduit 14 through fluid discharge openings 28, which are otherwise blocked by the slide valve in its closed position.
  • a simple form of such a slide valve release means can be seen in Figs. 1 and 2 to comprise a projection 46 secured to sleeve 32 for catching the lip of a receiving vessel when pour spout 10 is inserted thereinto.
  • sleeve 32 is drawn out of engagement with its valve seat, in this instance with O-ring 42. It is thus the relative motion between a container of fluid, such as container 12, and the inlet to a receiving vessel that serves to open slide valve 30 and permit fluid flow through pour spout 10.
  • Figure 1 illustrates the relationship of the parts of pour spout 10 when such relative motion has overcome the bias of spring 34, and sleeve 32 is no longer in the closed position of slide valve 30.
  • the force upon projection 46 necessary to effect such a result is being applied by a finger 48 of an operator.
  • the same operation is nevertheless effected when end 22 of fluid conduit 14 is moved into a receiving vessel so that projection 46 co-acts therewith.
  • finger 48 of an operator has been removed from projection 46, and slide 32 can there be seen to be again urged into the closed position of slide valve 30.
  • a pour spout such as pour spout 10
  • venting means for admitting air into the interior space within the fluid conduit of the pour spout and the container of fluid with which it is employed to facilitate an even-flowing transfer of fluid from the discharge opening.
  • the venting means operates in this manner only after an initial period in which fluid transfers through the discharge opening without any air being admitted into the interior space. This transfer reduces the volume of fluid in the container, which in turn reduces the pressure of air in the interior space. The process continues until the pressure of the air in the interior space is sufficiently below atmospheric pressure to result in a back pressure adequate to substantially curtail continued transfer of fluid through the discharge opening.
  • venting means for use with a pour spout according to the present invention is best seen in
  • Figure 2 to comprise an air vent opening 50 formed in fluid conduit 14 and an air vent tube 52 preferably disposed within fluid conduit 14 communicating at one end 54 thereof with air vent opening 50.
  • air vent tube 52 is shown in Figure 2 as being entirely disposed within fluid conduit 14, such an arrangement is merely preferred, but not essential, to the satisfactory functioning of the inventive pour spout.
  • Air vent opening 50 is so located on fluid conduit 14 as to be within a receiving vessel whenever sleeve 32 is drawn out of sealing engagement with its corresponding valve seat by the co-action of projection 46 with the receiving vessel. Under most circumstances envisioned this would require that air vent opening 50 be in relatively close longitudinal proximity on fluid conduit 14 to fluid discharge openings 28. While such a relative relationship among air fluid discharge openings 28 and vent opening 50 is illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2, alternate arrangements are workable.
  • One function of air vent tube 52 is to admit air into the interior space within fluid conduit 14 and container 12 to facilitate an even-flowing transfer of the fluid out of container 12 through pour spout 10.
  • the venting means suitable for use with a pour spout, such as pour spout 10, further comprises an air vent passageway constriction means for retarding the entry of fluid into air vent tube 52 when fluid is being transferred from the pour spout. This results in retaining a column of air in air vent tube 52 during each transfer of fluid from pour spout 10. The utility of this result will be described subsequently.
  • the pressure of the air in the interior space in container 12 and pour spout 10 is reduced to less than the ambient pressure of the atmosphere outside of container 12. Thereafter, while the interior space becomes vented through air vent tube 52, the back pressure is maintained within container 12 and assists in the fluid flow curtailment function of the venting means.
  • such an air vent passageway constriction means comprises at least one capillary section in air vent tube 52 having an inside diameter less than that of air vent tube 52.
  • two such capillary sections 56, 58 are shown integrally formed in air vent tube 52.
  • Capillary section 56 is located at air vent opening 50, while capillary section 58 is located at the end of air vent tube 52 remote therefrom.
  • the inside diameter of capillary sections 56, 58 be substantially identical.
  • Capillary sections 56, 58 need not, however, be of equal length to ensure optimum functioning of the device.
  • FIG. 3A container 12 holding a reservoir of fluid 60 has been upturned in preparation for transferring a portion of fluid 60 into a receiving vessel. Fluid 60 thus fills the portion of fluid conduit 14 exterior to air vent tube 52. Due to the action of spring 34, sleeve 32 is in the closed position of slide valve 30 urged against O-ring 42, and fluid 60 is precluded from escaping through fluid discharge openings 28 by the inner surface of sleeve 32.
  • air vent opening 50 If air vent opening 50 is located relatively close to the end of fluid conduit 14, then fluid 60 seeping through fluid discharge openings 28 into interstitial space 62 will promptly enter air vent opening 50 and fill capillary section 56 of end 54 of air vent tube 52. This will prevent any air entrapped in air vent tube 52 when container 12 is inverted from escaping through air vent opening 50.
  • the fluid head at the open end of capillary section 58 present due to the reservoir of fluid 60 housed in container 12 in combination with the reduced inner diameter of capillary section 58 will prevent the escape of air from air vent tube 52 through the end thereof remote from air vent opening 50. The result will be a static condition in which an air column 65 is trapped in air vent tube 52 awaiting the next phase of pour spout operation.
  • column 65 trapped in air vent tube 52 prevents air vent tube from filling up with fluid 60, which would seriously undermine the ability of air vent tube 52 to admit air into the interior space within fluid conduit 14 and container 12.
  • air vent tube 52 to fill with fluid 60 like the rest of fluid conduit 14, the fluid head pressure at air vent opening 52 due to the reservoir of fluid 60 thereabove in container 12 would be equal to the fluid head pressure at fluid discharge openings 28.
  • the air column 65 creates a head pressure differential between fluid discharge openings 28 and air vent opening 50 due to the difference in head pressure created by air column 65 and the corresponding column of fluid 60 in fluid conduit 14 outside air vent tube 52.
  • Figure 3A is that arising due to the full height of the fluid 60 standing above fluid discharge openings 28.
  • the head pressure at air vent opening 50 is in substance equal only to the head pressure developed by the amount of fluid 60 standing above capillary section 58 at the end of air vent tube 52 remote from air vent opening 50.
  • Air column 65 adds a negligible amount of head pressure to that exerted on the small quantity of fluid closing capillary section 54 at air vent opening 50.
  • the head pressure at capillary section 52 is equal to that exerted at capillary section 58, which is transmitted thereto through the compressible air column 65.
  • FIG. 3B This dynamic state is depicted in Figure 3B.
  • projection 46 secured to sleeve 32 has engaged lip 66 of the opening to a receiving vessel 68 for fluid 60.
  • relative motion between sleeve 32 and fluid conduit 14 occurs, overcoming the bias of spring 34.
  • the inner diameter of air vent tube 52 should be at least 1.5 times, and preferably at least 2.0 times, the inner diameter of any capillary sections therein, such as capillary sections 56, 58.
  • capillary sections such as capillary sections 56, 58, having inner diameters of 0.070 inches have proved entirely satisfactory when used with a container 12 holding gasoline.
  • the purpose of creating and maintaining back pressure above fluid 60 is to afford enhanced responsiveness in shutting of continued fluid flow when receiving vessel 68 becomes filled.
  • the back pressure above the reservoir of fluid 60 causes fluid flow through fluid discharge openings 28 to cease almost simultaneously. No delay or passage of fluid out of conduit 14 is required in order to generate the back pressure above fluid 60 with which to terminate its flow.
  • This back pressure is present with the pour spout of the present invention, even in the dynamic pouring state illustrated in Figure 3B.
  • the stoppage of fluid flow is depicted in Figure 3C.
  • the venting means of the present invention is one that not only admits air into the interior space within the container from which fluid is being dispensed after a negative pressure is developed thereabove, but the venting means also terminates air flow into the interior space when the receiving container for that fluid becomes filled.
  • an air vent tube such as air vent tube 52
  • at least one capillary section such as capillary sections 56 or 58
  • capillary sections 56 or 58 are so advantageous in venting of a container of fluid and in preventing overflow when fluid is transferred from that container into a receiving vessel, that such an air vent tube has utility in pour spouts, apart from the inclusion therein of any slide valve, such as slide valve 30.
  • the air vent tube communicates between the space exterior to fluid conduit 14 at a location adjacent fluid discharge openings 28 and the interior space within container 12.
  • FIG 4 depicts a second embodiment of a pour spout 100 incorporating teachings of the present invention.
  • Pour spout 100 comprises a fluid conduit 102 having one end 104 thereof attached to container 12 using an annular, threaded cap 18.
  • pour spout 100 may be fabricated with container 12 as an integral, non-removable portion thereof.
  • Remote end 106 of fluid conduit 102 is provided with a fluid discharge opening not shown in Figure 4, but disclosed in detail subsequently. Through this fluid discharge opening, the fluid in container 12 can be transferred into a receiving vessel.
  • a closure means is provided for precluding any such transfer of the fluid from fluid conduit 102, until the fluid discharge opening thereof is inside the receiving vessel.
  • the exterior of such a closure means is shown by way of example in Figure 4 as comprising a slide valve 108 taking the form of a sleeve 110 closely conforming to the exterior surface 112 of fluid conduit 102 and mounted for sliding motion thereupon.
  • slide valve 108 is shown in the closed position thereof in which transfer of fluid from fluid conduit 102 is precluded.
  • sleeve 110 remote from container 12 takes the form of a tubular portion 114 which effects actual sliding contact with exterior surface 112 of fluid conduit 102 and in the closed position slide valve 108 terminates in sealing engagement with remote end 106 thereof.
  • a cylindrical skirt portion 116 of sleeve 110 Integrally formed with tubular portion 114 at the end thereof closest to container 12 is a cylindrical skirt portion 116 of sleeve 110, which has a diameter enlarged in relation to that of tubular portion 114.
  • skirt portion 116 encloses and conceals a bias means for urging slide valve 108 into the closed position thereof illustrated in Figure 4.
  • a slide valve release means is provided for co-acting with a receiving vessel to move slide valve 108 out of the closed position as remote end 106 of fluid conduit 102 and the discharge opening therein enter into the receiving vessel.
  • a projection 118 is secured to sleeve 110 at a juncture 119 between tubular portion 114 and skirt portion 116. Projection 118 catches the lip of any receiving vessel into which fluid from container 12 is to be transferred. As remote end 106 of fluid conduit 102 is thereafter advanced into the receiving vessel, projection 118 draws sleeve 110 along the exterior of fluid conduit 102 towards container 12 and out of the closed position of slide valve 108.
  • Figure 5 illustrates the relationship of the parts of pour spout 100 when such relative motion has overcome the bias means normally operative on slide valve 108, and sleeve 110 is no longer in the closed position of slide valve 108.
  • the force upon projection 118 necessary to effect such a result is being applied by a finger 48 of an operator.
  • the same operation is nevertheless effected when remote end 106 of fluid conduit 102 is moved into a receiving vessel, so that projection 118 co-acts therewith.
  • Slide valve 108 further includes a resilient, sleeve overflow seal 126 which slidably encircles exterior surface 112 of fluid conduit 102 on the side of the fluid discharge opening adjacent the container of fluid.
  • Sleeve overflow seal 126 is designed to slide along fluid conduit 102 with sleeve 110.
  • a sleeve over- flow seal protection washer 127 encircles fluid conduit 102 on the side of sleeve overflow seal 126 opposite from the fluid discharge opening.
  • the closure means thereof further comprises a valve seat on fluid conduit 102 on the side of the fluid discharge opening thereof remote from container 12.
  • a resilient, slide valve seal 130 is retained on fluid conduit 102 in a recessed groove 132 encircling fluid conduit 102 near the tip of remote end 106 thereof.
  • Slide valve seal 130 may comprise a lathe-cut seal, a square-ring seal, or even an O-ring seal made of a material that resists degradation from the type of fluid contemplated for use with pour spout 100 and container 12.
  • Fluid conduit 102 may be fabricated as a unitary structure. As shown in Figure 8, however, fluid conduit 102 advantageously comprises an open-ended tube 122 having a first end 140 opening into container 12 and a second or free end 121 terminating within sleeve 110.
  • a fluid conduit end cap 120 Attached to and at least partially closing second end 121 of tube 122 is a fluid conduit end cap 120 which is prefer ⁇ ably formed from a plastic material by a precision injection-molding technique.
  • end cap 120 comprises an elongated first portion 146 which is inserted into second or free end 121 of tube 122 and a second portion 148 which remains exterior thereto.
  • End cap 120 is retained in tube 122 by a cooperating retention means for snappingly retaining first portion 146 of end cap 120 in second or free end 121 of tube 122.
  • a reten ⁇ tion lip 150 extends radially from the outer surface 151 of the end 153 of first portion 146 of end cap 120 adjacent container 12.
  • a retention shoulder 152 is formed on the interior of tube 122. Retention lip 150 resiliently engages retention shoulder 152 when first portion 146 of end cap 120 is fully inserted into second end 121 of tube 122.
  • a structure such as retention lip 150 need not be located at end 153 of first portion 146, but may be positioned at such a location on first portion 146 as to cooperatively engage a structure such as retention shoulder 152 on the interior of tube 122.
  • retention lip 150 need not fully encircle first portion 146 of end cap 120, but may be a circumferentially abbreviated projection, such as a tab or post.
  • end cap 120 can be secured in tube 122 by other means, including diverse forms of bonding.
  • venting means are provided for admitting air into the interior space within fluid conduit 102 and container 12 during transfers of fluid from container 12, thus enabling an even-flowing transfer of fluid out of container 12. The admission of air begins, however, only after an initial transfer of fluid through the discharge opening of pour spout 100 has taken place without air being admitted into the interior space. This reduces the pres- sure of air in container 12 below atmospheric pressure.
  • the venting means of the present invention as embodied in pour spout 100 comprises an air vent passageway communicating between the interior space and the exterior of fluid conduit 102 at a location which is inside the receiving vessel when the closure means described above ceases to preclude transfer of fluid from fluid conduit 102.
  • This is the situation illustrated in Figure 9, where the capture of projection 118 on lip 66 of receiving vessel 68 and the subsequent advancement of container 12 theretoward has moved slide valve 108 out of the closed position thereon, revealing second or free end 121 of tube 122 and end cap 120 secured therein.
  • Discharge opening 154 which is visible in Figure 9, is then free of obstruction, and fluid 60 begins to be trans ⁇ ferred from container 12.
  • the structure of discharge opening 154 will be investigated in some detail below after a disclosure of the structure of the embodiment of the venting means utilized with pour spout 100.
  • FIG. 6 showing end cap 120 with first portion 146 thereof removed from second or free end 121 of tube 122.
  • An elongated air vent recess 155 oriented parallel to the longitudinal axis of fluid conduit 102 is formed in outer surface 151 of first portion 146 of end cap 120.
  • Air vent recess 155 extends neither to second portion 148 of end cap 120, nor to end 153 of first portion 146 intended to be adjacent to container 12. Instead, the end 156 of air vent recess 155 remote from container 12 terminates at a location within tube 122 that is inside a receiving vessel when the closure means de- scribed above ceases to preclude transfer of fluid from discharge opening 154.
  • an outer air vent aperture 157 is formed through tube 122 so as to communicate with end 156 of air vent recess 155.
  • Outer air vent aperture 157 is formed through fluid conduit 102 at a location which is on the opposite side of fluid conduit 102 from discharge opening 154 and which is disposed longitudinally along fluid discharge conduit at a distance D toward container 12 from discharge opening 154.
  • the cross- sectional area of air vent recess 155 is greater than that of outer air vent aperture 157.
  • outer air vent aperture 157 can function as a capillary section, such as capillary section 58 of pour spout 10 shown in Figure 2.
  • the cross-sectional area of air vent recess 155 may, for example, be greater than or equal to 1.5 times the cross-sectional area of outer air vent aperture 157. More preferably, the cross-sectional area of air vent recess 155 is two times that of outer air vent aperture 157.
  • air vent recess 155 terminates in a wall 159, the top of which comprises a portion of outer surface 151 of first portion 146 of end cap 120.
  • Through wall 159 and in outer surface 151 is formed groove or inner air vent aperture 160 which communicates between end 158 of air vent recess 155 and the interior space within fluid conduit 102 and con ⁇ tainer 12.
  • inner air vent aperture 160 can be seen to be defined by the groove formed through wall 159 and by the inner surface 162 of tube 122 when first portion 146 of end cap 120 is inserted into second end 121 of tube 122.
  • Inner air vent aperture 160 has a cross-sectional area which is less than the cross-sectional area of air vent recess 155. In this manner inner air vent aperture 160 can function as a capillary section, such as capillary section 58 of pour spout 10 shown in Figure 2.
  • the cross-sectional area of air vent recess 155 may be greater than or equal to two times that of air vent aperture 160, or more preferably, three times the cross- sectional area of air vent aperture 160.
  • air vent recess 155 in combination with inner surface 162 of tube 122 defines an air vent passageway that communicates between the interior space within container 12 and pour spout 100 and the exterior of fluid conduit 102 at a location that is inside a receiving vessel when the closure means described above ceases to preclude the transfer of fluid from fluid conduit 102.
  • Located in the air vent passageway are a pair of capillary sections having cross-sectional areas less than that of the air vent passageway itself.
  • the capillary sections take the form of outer air vent aperture 157 and inner air vent aperture 160.
  • outer air vent aperture 157 is formed through second or free end 121 of tube 122 at a location which is inside receiving vessel 68 when slide valve 108 ceases to preclude transfer of fluid therefrom.
  • the mechanism of fluid transfer will be inves ⁇ tigated in detail subsequently.
  • the air vent passageway defined by air vent recess 155 and inner surface 162 of tube 122 communicates at end 156 with the exterior of tube 122 through outer air vent aperture 157.
  • Outer air vent aperture 157 has a cross-sectional area that is less than that of the air vent passageway, thus functioning as a first capillary section interposed in the air vent passageway.
  • End 156 of air vent recess 155 in turn communicates with the interior space inside fluid conduit 102 and container 12 through a second capillary section taking the form of inner air vent aperture 160 defined by the groove in outer surface 151 at the top of wall 159 and the inner surface 162 of tube 122.
  • a structure equivalent to air vent recess 155 could take the form of an aperture formed through wall 159.
  • End cap 120 may be made of injection molded plastic in a known manner, while outer air vent aperture 157 can be formed through tube 122 in any known conventional manner.
  • outer air vent aperture 157 can be formed through tube 122 in any known conventional manner.
  • the pour spout of the present invention further comprises inversion protection means for precluding overflow of fluid accumulating in interstitial space 166 from the end of sleeve 110 adjacent container 12.
  • one embodiment of such an inversion protection means takes the form of sleeve overflow seal 126 which is urged into sealing engagement with inner surface 128 of sleeve 110 at juncture 119 by the action of compressed spring 123 in urging sleeve overflow seal protection washer 127 against sleeve overflow seal 126.
  • Discharge opening 154 communicates with the interior of fluid conduit 102 through a discharge passageway formed in end cap 120 as an elongated fluid recess 170 oriented parallel to the longitudinal axis of fluid conduit 102. Fluid recess 170 traverses the full length of first portion 146 of end cap 120 and a section of second portion 148 contiguous therewith. That part of fluid recess 170 formed in second portion 148 of end cap 120 terminates in discharge opening 154.
  • the wall 172 of discharge passageway closest to the center of fluid conduit 102 turns outwardly from the center of end cap 120 and intersects the exterior thereof to form the edge 174 of discharge opening 154 remote from container 12.
  • fluid trans- ferred through fluid recess 170 and discharge opening 154 is imparted a substantial component of momentum away from container 12 and parallel to the longitudinal axis of fluid conduit 102. This eliminates splashing of the fluid from the receiving vessel 68 by insuring that fluid being transferred from container 12 does not impact the walls or lip 66 of the receiving vessel 68 in a direction normal thereto.
  • End cap 120 is inserted into second or free end 121 of tube 122 and snapped into place by the action of retention lip 150 and retention shoulder 152.
  • a slot-and-key system 176 shown by . way of example in Figure 5 may be adopted. In this manner, the assembly of end cap 120 into second or free end 121 of tube 122 will be insured to place air vent recess 155 in communication with outer air vent aperture 157.
  • Typical sizes for elements of a pour spout 100 having an inside diameter of 0.50 inches include a fluid recess 170 having a cross-sectional area of 0.30 square inches in combination with an air vent recess having a cross-sectional area of 0.15 square inches.
  • inner air vent aperture 160 would have a cross- sectional area of approximately 0.050 square inches, while outer air vent aperture would have a cross-sectional area of approximately 0.07 square inches.
  • the longitudinal distance D shown in Figure 9 between outer air vent aperture 157 and discharge opening 154 should be at least 0.25 inches.
  • a pour spout 100 having elements thereof provided with such dimensions will produce accept ⁇ able functioning when used with a container for gasoline having a volume in the range of from approximately 1.0 gallons to approximately 2.5 gallons. It will prove useful relative to the subsequent discussion of yet additional embodiments of vented pour spouts to discuss briefly the variation by location within pour spout 100 of the pressure in fluid 60 during static conditions and during an assortment of dynamic conditions in which fluid 60 is being dispensed from discharge opening 154.
  • fluid 60 gives rise to head pressure which is maximized at the lowest point in pour spout 100. Preferably, this is at discharge opening 154.
  • the head pressure caused by fluid 60 decreases upwardly therefrom through fluid 60 to the surface thereof in container 12.
  • the amount of back pressure developed above fluid 60 in container 12 will remain in a range that is greater than the amount of head pressure produced in fluid 60 at inner air vent aperture 160, but less than the amount of maximum head pressure produced in fluid 60 at the effective fluid outlet. Whenever the back pressure devi ⁇ ates from this range, uniform vented outflow of fluid 60 is impaired.
  • cycling represents a less than optimum arrangement of the size of the components of pour spout 100 for the type of container 12 and fluid 60 to be dispensed. 5 If the cross section of fluid recess 170 is overly large relative to the cross section of the smaller of outer air vent aperture 157 and inner air vent aperture 160, then fluid 60 will flow through fluid recess 170 at a volumetric rate in excess of the rate at which air can be vented
  • Pour spout performance is influenced in addition by 5 the volume and tallness of container 12, the relative fullness of container 12, the viscosity and density of the fluid therein, and the diameter and length of fluid conduit 102.
  • a stylized barrier 190 is illustrated disposed across the interior of fluid conduit 102, thereby impeding the outflow therethrough of fluid 60.
  • Stylized barrier 190 contains a relatively elongated air vent 5 passageway 191 through which bubbles 70 of air pass up ⁇ wardly into the interior space within fluid conduit 102 and thereabove within fluid container 12.
  • Air vent passage ⁇ way 192 has a length L 192 , the lowest point of which is disposed at a first longitudinal position ⁇ > 1 along the 0 length of fluid conduit 102. While it is not absolutely certain when a bubble 70 of air can actually enter the interior space within fluid conduit 102 and fluid container 12. Nonetheless, throughout the analysis con ⁇ tained hereinafter, it will be assumed that the longitudi- 5 nal position along conduit 102 at which a bubble 170 of air enters that interior space is the position P lf which will for various structural reasons associated with the shape and size of air vent passageway 191 be assigned to differ ⁇ ing positions in each of the schematic diagrams that
  • longitudinal position P x is further by a distance O 1 from fluid container 12 than is longitudinal position P 2 . Under these conditions, distance D 2 will be considered a negative distance.
  • stylized barrier 190 has been modified so as to move further from fluid container 12, entrance 193 to fluid outlet passageway 192.
  • longitudinal position P 2 corresponding to point H 0 of static fluid pressure in flowing fluid 60 has correspondingly been moved further from fluid container 12.
  • longitudinal position Pi in Figure IOC is closer than longitudinal position P 2 to fluid container 12 by a distance D 3 that is now positive. Accordingly, vented fluid flow of fluid 60 will occur.
  • the positive distance D 3 in Figure 10C is less than the positive distance D 2 in Figure 10B, leading predictively to a stability in the uniformity of fluid outflow in the form of the device illustrated in Figure IOC.
  • Figure 10B can, in some respects, be understood to be similar to the arrangement of structures utilized relative to pour spout 10 illustrated in Figure 1.
  • the form of stylized barrier 190 shown in Figure 10C there is a closer func ⁇ tional correspondence to the type of structure utilized in pour spout 100 shown in Figure 4.
  • the relatively short length L 191 of air vent passage ⁇ way 191 and length L 192 of fluid outlet passageway 192 suggests that uniform vented fluid flow of fluid 60 can be achieved in a barrier disposed across a fluid conduit, such as fluid conduit 102, utilizing a barrier that is rela- tively thin in the region of air vent passageway and the fluid outlet passageway therethrough.
  • Stylized barrier 190 as configured in Figure 10D tends to suggest that the structure of the barrier between longitudinal position P x associated with the entry of air into the interior space between the fluid conduit and associated fluid container and longitudinal position P 2 associated with the point H 0 of zero static head pressure in the outflowing fluid is of relatively minor consequence to the stability of vented fluid flow achievable therewith. This observation will serve as an appropriate introduction to the pour spout embodiments disclosed hereinafter.
  • FIG 11 illustrates a third embodiment of a pour spout 230 similar in many respects to pour spout 100 discussed above. Accordingly, identical reference charac- ters as used relative to pour spout 100 will be used in the following discussion to identify components of pour spout 230.
  • pour spout 230 can be seen to comprise a fluid conduit 102 having one end 104 thereof attached to container 12 using an annular threaded cap 18.
  • pour spout 230 may be fabricated with container 12 as an integral, non-removable portion thereof.
  • Remote end 106 of fluid conduit 102 is provided with a fluid discharge opening not shown in Figure 11, which is disclosed in detail subsequently. Through this fluid discharge opening, the fluid in container 12 can be trans ⁇ ferred into a receiving vessel 68 and air enters fluid conduit 102 from the exterior thereof.
  • a closure means is provided for precluding any such transfer of the fluid from fluid conduit 102 until the fluid discharge opening thereof is inside receiving vessel 68.
  • a closure means is shown by way of example in Figure 11 as comprising a slide valve 108 taking the form of a sleeve 110 closely conforming to the exterior surface 112 of fluid conduit 102 and mounted for sliding motion thereupon.
  • slide valve 108 is shown in the closed position thereof in which transfer of fluid 60 from container 12 through fluid conduit 102 is precluded.
  • a slide valve release means is provided for coacting with receiving vessel 68 to move slide valve 108 out of the closed position as remote end 106 of fluid conduit 102 and the discharge opening therein enter into receiving vessel 68.
  • a projection 118 is secured to sleeve 110. Projection 118 catches the lip of receiving vessel 68 into which fluid container 12 is to be transferred. As remote end 106 of fluid conduit 102 is thereafter advanced into receiving vessel 68 in a direction indicated by arrow A, projection 118 draws sleeve 110 along the exterior of fluid conduit 102 towards container 12 and out of the closed position of slide valve 108.
  • a spring 123 is held in compression between sleeve 110 and a fixed position on exterior surface 112 of fluid conduit 102.
  • Spring 123 thus urges sleeve 110 into the closed position thereof illustrated in Figure 11.
  • the end of sleeve 110 remote from container 12 is urged into sealing engagement with a slide valve seal 130 that encircles a fluid conduit termination disk 232 supported at and sepa- rated from the end of fluid conduit 102 remote from con ⁇ tainer 12.
  • fluid conduit 102 is possessed of a longitudinal axis L along which fluid conduit termination disk 232 is concentrically disposed.
  • a pour spout such as pour spout 230
  • baffle means located in fluid conduit 102 for simulta ⁇ neously performing a pair of cooperating and mutually accommodating functions.
  • the baffle means of the present invention is both for (1) admitting air into the interior space within fluid conduit 102 and container 12 at a first longitudinal position P- in conduit 102, as well as for (2) maintaining to a second longitudinal position P 2 in conduit 102 the point of zero static head pressure in fluid 60 flowing through the baffle means with second longitudinal position P 2 located further from fluid con ⁇ tainer 12 than first longitudinal position P 2 .
  • one form of a structure performing the dual functions of the baffle means of the present invention is a barrier 234 disposed across the interior of fluid conduit 102 at an inclination I x relative to longitudinal axis L of fluid conduit 102.
  • Barrier 234 does not abso ⁇ lutely preclude passage of fluid 60 therethrough.
  • Formed through barrier 234 is an air vent aperture 236 and at least one elongated fluid aperture 238 that will be dis ⁇ cussed in additional detail subsequently. Therefore, fluid 60 can be seen in Figure 11 to fill remote end 106 of fluid conduit 102 on the side of barrier 234 opposite from container 12. Fluid 60 in remote end 106 of fluid conduit 102 is, however, prevented from discharge from pour spout 230 due to the sealing engagement of slide valve 108 with slide valve seal 130.
  • Fluid conduit termination disk 232 is supported in the position shown in Figure 11 from a medial portion 240 of barrier 234 on a support shaft 242. With projection 118, engaged receiving vessel 68, it is possible to open slide valve 108 by advancing the assembly of pour spout 100 and container 12 toward receiv ⁇ ing vessel 68 in the direction shown by arrow A in Figure 11. Doing so will advance fluid conduit 102 against the biasing effect of spring 123 within sleeve 110 of slide valve 108, bringing the components illustrated in Figure 11 into the positions shown in Figure 12.
  • Figure 12 thus illustrates the open position of slide valve 108, wherein the advancement of fluid conduit 102 within sleeve 110 of slide valve 108 has caused the end of sleeve 110 remote from container 12 to separate from slide valve seal 130 producing a fluid discharge opening 246 between fluid conduit termination disk 232 and remote end 106 of fluid conduit 102.
  • fluid 60 emerges from remote end 106 of fluid conduit 102 through fluid discharge opening 246 and flows into receiving vessel 68 as indicated by arrow F.
  • barrier 234 does not completely obstruct the fluid flow
  • fluid 60 in end 104 of fluid conduit 102 begins to drain therefrom through barrier 234, into remote end 106 of fluid conduit 102, and out of pour spout 230 through fluid discharge opening 246.
  • negative pressure begins to be created in container 12 above fluid 60.
  • the negative pressure in container 12 induces air bubbles 70 to enter the interior space within fluid conduit 102 and container 12 through air vent aperture 236 formed in uppermost portion 250 of barrier 234. This ensures continued smooth outflow of fluid 60 through pour spout 100.
  • Uppermost portion 250 of barrier 234 corresponds to a first longitudinal position P in conduit 102 through which air is admitted into that interior space.
  • fluid 60 flows through barrier 234 by way of fluid aperture 238 below medial portion 240 thereof.
  • Fluid aperture 238 terminates remotely from uppermost portion 250 at a lowermost portion 252 of barrier 234.
  • Fluid 60 and air bubbles 70 pass in opposite directions through barrier 234.
  • Lowermost portion 252 of barrier 234 thus corresponds relatively closely to the point of zero head pressure in the flowing fluid 60 and thus to a second longitudinal position P 2 in fluid conduit 102 located further from container 12 than the first longitudinal position ⁇ > 1 in fluid conduit 102 corresponding to uppermost portion 250 of barrier 234.
  • Figure 13 is a view taken normal to the plane of barrier 234 showing that structure disposed within the walls of fluid conduit 102 in essentially a plan view.
  • Barrier 234 can there be seen in Figure 14 to comprise a plate 256 disposed in fluid conduit 102 at an inclination I to longitudinal axis L thereof.
  • plate 256 terminates short of making contact with the interior surface of the walls of fluid conduit 102. This results in a small air vent aperture 236 through which air bubbles 70 as seen in Figure 12 can enter fluid conduit 102 and container 12.
  • lowermost portion 252 of barrier 234 elongated fluid aperture 238 formed through plate 256 assumes a wedge-shaped configuration.
  • the widest portion of fluid aperture 238 is positioned at lowermost portion 252 of barrier 234.
  • the narrowest portion of fluid aperture 238 terminates at medial portion 240 of barrier 234.
  • FIG. 13 and 14 Also observable in Figures 13 and 14 is an attachment site 260 for support shaft 242 with which fluid conduit termination disk 232 shown in Figure 16 is cantilevered beyond remote end 106 of fluid conduit 102.
  • This arrange ⁇ ment for the support of fluid conduit termination disk 232 is, however, only exemplary, as other arrangements for the support thereof are equally within the contemplation of the present invention.
  • FIG. 15A a stylized barrier 272 is illus ⁇ trated that is disposed within fluid conduit 102 at an inclination I to the longitudinal axis L thereof.
  • an air vent aperture 276 Form through stylized barrier 72 at uppermost portion 274 thereof is an air vent aperture 276 having a corresponding length L 276 .
  • the lower entry to air vent passageway 276 is associated with a first longitudinal position ⁇ > 1 along fluid conduit 102 at which bubbles of air 170 are considered to enter the interior space within fluid conduit 102 and fluid container 12.
  • an elongated fluid outlet aperture 280 is also formed through stylized barrier 272 in lowermost portion 278 thereof, it is an elongated fluid outlet aperture 280, which is distinct from air vent passageway 276.
  • fluid outlet aperture 280 like stylized barrier 272 is disposed at an inclination I to the longitudinal axis L of fluid conduit 102, a length L 280 measured parallel to longitudinal axis L of fluid conduit 102 can be associated with fluid outlet aperture 280.
  • a point H 0 of zero static fluid pressure results a fluid 60 flows through fluid outlet aperture 280.
  • a point H 0 corresponds to a second longitudi ⁇ nal position P 2 that is advantageously located further from fluid container 12 that first longitudinal position P x by a distance D 5 shown in Figure 15A.
  • Figure 15A illustrates a fluid 60 having a relatively low viscosity.
  • a column 291 of fluid 60 flows through fluid outlet aperture 280 relatively directly downwardly into remote end 106 of fluid conduit 102.
  • the edge 282 of column 291 immediately below stylized barrier 272 is aligned with and in all likelihood disposed upon the upper edge 284 of fluid outlet aperture 282.
  • Figure 15C illustrates a fluid 60 of heavy viscosity flowing in fluid conduit 102 through stylized barrier 272.
  • edge 282 of column 281 of fluid 60 arches further away from upper edge 284 of fluid outlet aperture 280.
  • This produces a cross-sectional fluid flowing through fluid outlet aperture 280 that is smaller in area than that associated with the flow depicted in Figure 15B, and correspondingly is believed to move further from fluid container 12 to point H 0 of static head pressure in the flow of fluid 60.
  • the positive distance D 7 from second longitudinal position P 2 to first longitudinal position P 1 is increased relative to distance D 6 shown in Figure 15B.
  • FIG 15D a fluid 60 of very heavy viscosity is shown flowing in fluid conduit 102 through stylized barrier 272.
  • edge 282 of column 281 of fluid 7 in remote end 106 of fluid conduit below stylized barrier 272 arches far from upper edge 284 of fluid outlet aperture 280.
  • the cross section of fluid outflow through fluid outlet aper ⁇ ture 280 is reduced relative to that of Figure 15C, and the point H 0 of zero static fluid pressure in the flow of fluid 60 is moved further away from fluid container 12, resulting in a larger positive distance D 8 between first position P 1 and second position P 2 along the length of fluid conduit 102.
  • Figure 16 illustrates a fourth embodiment of a pour spout 290 similar in many respects to pour spout 230 discussed above. Accordingly, identical reference charac ⁇ ters as used relative to pour spout 230 will be used to identify components of pour spout 290, but those common components will not be again discussed.
  • Remote end 106 of fluid conduit 102 is provided with a fluid discharge opening not shown in Figure 16, which is disclosed in detail subsequently. Through this fluid discharge opening, the fluid 60 in container 12 can be t- ransferred into a receiving vessel 68, and air can enter fluid conduit 102.
  • fluid conduit 102 is possessed of a longitudinal axis L along which fluid conduit termination disk 300 is concentrically disposed.
  • a barricade 302 Disposed across the interior of fluid conduit 102 at an inclination I 2 relative to longitudinal axis L of fluid conduit 102 is a barricade 302 that obstructs the flow of fluid 60 from container 12 through fluid conduit 102.
  • Inclination I 2 of barricade 302 is less than inclination _.-_ of barrier 234 shown in Figure 11.
  • barricade 302 is longer than barrier 234.
  • barricade 302 is located within fluid conduit 102 at a position that has been translated along longitudinal axis L thereof toward fluid container 12.
  • a pour spout such as pour spout 290 that includes a barricade, such as barricade 302
  • viscos ⁇ ity accommodating transfer means formed in the barricade for smoothly and continuously exchanging through the barricade air in the fluid conduit from the fluid discharge opening and fluid from the container at a rate determined by the viscosity of the fluid.
  • Fluid conduit termination disk 300 is supported in the position shown in Figure 16 from barricade 302 on a support shaft 304.
  • Figure 17 illustrates the open position of slide valve 108, wherein the advancement of fluid conduit 102 within sleeve 110 of slide valve 108 in the direction shown by arrow F has caused the end of sleeve 110 remote from container 12 to separate from slide valve seal 130, produc- ing a fluid discharge opening 308 between fluid conduit termination disk 300 and remote end 106 of fluid conduit 102.
  • fluid 60 emerges from remote end 106 of fluid conduit 102 through fluid discharge opening 308 and flows into receiving vessel 68 as shown by arrow F.
  • fluid 60 in end 104 of fluid conduit 102 begins to drain therefrom through barricade 302, into remote end 106 of fluid conduit 102, and out of pour spout 290 through fluid discharge opening 308.
  • barricade 302 on the outflow of fluid 60 from pour spout 290 is to maintain the point of zero static head pressure in fluid 60 flowing through fluid conduit 102 somewhere in the vicinity of the second longitudinal position P 2 in conduit 102 defined by lowermost portion 314 of barricade 302. Fluid 60 flows through a portion of barricade 302 from medial portion 312 to lowermost portion 314. In this manner, fluid 60 and air bubbles 70 pass in opposite directions through barricade 302, mutually adjusting according to the viscosity of the fluid portion of the passageways through barricade 302 required to maintain a continued, even fluid outflow. Second longitu ⁇ dinal position P 2 in fluid conduit 102 is located further from container 12 than first longitudinal position P x .
  • barricades such as barricade 302
  • FIG 18 Illustrated in Figure 18 is a view taken normal to the plane of barricade 302.
  • Barricade 302 is illustrated comprising a plate 334 disposed in fluid conduit 102 at an inclination I 2 to the longitudinal axis L thereof shown only in Figure 16.
  • a plurality of generally longitudinal apertures 336 are formed through plate 334 at an inclina ⁇ tion I 2 to the longitudinal axis L of fluid conduit 102 shown.
  • the portions of plate 334 between apertures 336 thus comprise a plurality of elongated obstacles secured in planar, spaced-apart relationship within fluid conduit 102 at an inclination I- relative to the longitudinal axis L of fluid conduit 102.
  • the variation in the volume of the outflow of fluid 60 occurs on behalf of sustaining a steady, vented outflow thereof, thereby avoiding gulping and cycled fluid flow that can contribute to splashing and to the overflow of a receiving vessel .
  • a stylized barrier 390 is disposed across the interior of fluid conduit 102 at an inclination I 2 to the longitudinal axis L 2 of conduit 102.
  • Stylized barrier 390 includes at least a single elongated aperture 392 that functions both to admit bubbles 70 of air and passage into remote end 106 of fluid conduit 102 of a column 281 of fluid 280.
  • Aperture 392 is thus also dis ⁇ posed at an inclination I 2 to the longitudinal axis L of fluid conduit 102.
  • aperture 392 is an exemplary embodiment of a structure performing the function of the viscosity accommodating transfer means of the present invention.
  • aperture 392 disposed at inclination I 2 to the longitudinal axis L 2 of fluid conduit 102
  • aperture 392 has a corresponding length L 392 taken parallel to longitudinal axis L of fluid conduit 102.
  • Stylized barrier 390 does not, in fact, contain a dedicated air vent passageway intake. Accordingly, the nominal length L N of any such air vent passageway associated with stylized barrier 390 is considered negligible and coincident with a first longitudinal position P x along fluid conduit 102 at which air bubbles 70 enter the interior space within fluid conduit 102 and container 12. In this regard, it is as if the viscosity accommodating transfer means of the present invention produces from fluid 60 itself a capillary section at the uppermost portion 10 of stylized barrier 390.
  • Point H 0 of zero static head pressure in flowing fluid 60 is located somewhere in the column of fluid 60 above aperture 392.
  • Point H 0 corresponds to a second longitudinal position P 2 along fluid conduit 102 that is a distance D 6 further from container 12 than first longitudinal position P x .
  • edge 282 of column 281 of fluid 60 in remote end 106 of fluid conduit 102 arches away from upper edge 394 of aperture 392.
  • a cone 286 of incipient air bubbles 70 begins to form above upper edge 394 of aperture 392.
  • the effective length of aperture 392 is reduced in the process.
  • Figure 21C illustrates the effect on the outflow of fluid 60 of a fluid of high viscosity.
  • Edge 284 of column 281 of fluid 60 in remote end 106 of fluid conduit 106 is drawn far away from upper edge 394 of aperture 392 reducing in effect the length of aperture 392 utilizing fluid outflow and resulting in an increasing cone 286 of incipient air bubbles 70 above upper edge 394 of aperture 392.
  • the point H 0 of zero static head pressure in flowing fluid 60 moves further from container 12 resulting in a positive distance D 8 between second position P 2 and first position P 1 that is larger than positive distance D 7 shown in Figure 21B.
  • Edge 282 of column 281 of fluid 60 is drawn far from upper edge 394 of aperture 392. Additionally, the cone 286 of incipient air bubbles 70 above upper edge 392 becomes quite pronounced correspondingly reducing the portion of aperture 392 used for the outflow of fluid 60. It is possible, in fact, that the development of cone 286 of incipient air bubbles 70 actually move first longitudinal position P corresponding to the point of entry of air to the interior space in fluid conduit 106 and fluid container 12 closer to container 12 than is illustrated in
  • Figures 22 and 23 illustrate a second embodiment of a barricade 338.
  • Figure 22 is a view taken normal to the plane of barricade 338 showing that structure disposed within the walls of fluid conduit 102.
  • Barricade 338 can there be seen to comprise a plurality of elongated obsta ⁇ cles 339 secured in planar, spaced-apart relationship within fluid conduit 102 at inclination I 2 to the longitudi ⁇ nal axis L thereof.
  • an elongated aperture 340 at least one of which extends continuously from a first longitudinal position in fluid conduit 102 corresponding to uppermost portion 310 of barricade 302 to a second longitu ⁇ dinal position therein located further from fluid container 12 and corresponding to lowermost portion 314 of barricade 302.
  • Obstacles 339 of a barricade can assume any cross-sectional shape desired. As shown in Figure 23, however, each of obstacles 339 comprises a cylindrical rod secured at the ends thereof to the inner surface of the walls of fluid conduit 102.
  • the profile and the cross-section of each of the apertures, such as aper ⁇ tures 340, can vary dramatically. In the embodiment illustrated in Figures 19 and 22, apertures 336 and 340 respectively have an elongated, generally uniform profile and a cross-section that tapers to a minimum width at the center thereof. Other profiles and cross-sections are within the contemplated scope of the present invention, as will be illustrated by the further embodiments disclosed herein.
  • Obstacles 339 may be integrally formed with fluid conduit 102 or with equal effectiveness bonded thereto by adhesive, by ultrasonic techniques, or by welding.
  • a barricade such as barricade 338 comprised of a spaced-apart array of rod-like obstacles
  • the rod-like obstacles of the barrier were disposed with the lower end thereof at the extreme open end of the fluid conduit.
  • the longest rod in the array had a length of 2.50 inches. All rods had an outer diameter of 0.063 inches .
  • rods of the same size and shape were disposed in a fluid conduit of the same diameter, but with the upper end thereof closely proximate to the end thereof adjacent the fluid container. Continued excellent performance was experienced with fluids of low viscosity, while satisfactory vented fluid flow occurred for fluids as dense as 90-weight motor oil at room tempera ⁇ ture.
  • Figures 24 and 25 illustrate a third embodiment of a barricade 342 incorporating teachings of the present invention.
  • Barricade 342 also comprises a plate 344 having formed centrally therein a single elongated aperture 346 extending from lowermost portion 314 of barricade 342 to uppermost portion 310 thereof.
  • air bubbles 70 will pass through barricade 342 at uppermost portion 310 thereof, where an eyelette 348 is formed.
  • Fluid 60 passes in the opposite direction through the medial portion and lowermost portion 314.
  • barricade 342 is substantially thicker than the other barricades disclosed above, having expansive walls 350 bounding each side of aperture 346.
  • barricade 342 This feature in the barricade, such as barricade 342, has been found to advantageously contribute to the effec- tive functioning of the viscosity accommodating transfer means of the present invention when utilized with fluids having high viscosity.
  • a barrier having a maximum length of 2.50 inches, but a thickness of 1.0 inches was disposed close to remote end 106 of fluid conduit 102.
  • the resulting structure proved not only excellent in producing vented flow of fluids with low viscosity, but controlled, albeit slow, even, vented flow of fluids having heavy viscosity.
  • Figures 3C and 4C no provision is illustrated for supporting fluid conduit termination disk 300, as the latter structure can alternately be supported from remote end 106 of fluid conduit 102.
  • Figure 26 illustrates a fourth embodiment of a pour spout 360 similar in many respects to pour spout 100 discussed above. Accordingly, identical reference charac ⁇ ters as used relative to pour spout 100 will be used in the following discussion to identify components of pour spout 360.
  • slide valve 108 of pour spout 360 is shown in the open position thereof.
  • fluid discharge opening 308 is disclosed between remote end 106 of fluid conduit 102 and fluid conduit termination disk 300.
  • a pour spout such as pour spout 360
  • a barricade 361 disposed in fluid conduit 102 at an inclination I 3 to longitudinal axis L of fluid conduit 102.
  • the inclination I 3 of barricade 361 is greater than the inclination I 2 associated, for example, with barricade 302 of Figure 16.
  • barrier 360 Although uppermost portion 310 of barrier 360 is disposed on the same side of fluid conduit 102 as projection 118 of slide valve 108, air bubbles 70 pass through barricade 361 at uppermost portion 310 as in other embodiments disclosed above of such barricades . Any of the variety of apertures already disclosed relative to barricades can be utilized for permitting the exchange of fluid and air through barricade 361.
  • FIGS 27 and 28 illustrate yet another embodiment of a barricade 362 incorporating teachings of the present invention.
  • Barricade 362 comprises a cone 364 having the small end 366 thereof oriented toward container 12 and the large end 368 thereof engaging the interior surface of the walls of fluid conduit 102.
  • Cone 364 has a plurality of elongated apertures 370 formed therethrough extending in general alignment with the longitudinal axis of cone 364, which is coincident with longitudinal axis L of fluid conduit 102 shown. In this manner, apertures 370 extend continuously from lowermost portion 314 of barricade 362 to uppermost portion 310 thereof.
  • the sides of cone 364 are disposed at an inclination I 3 to the longitudinal axis L of fluid conduit 102.
  • the portions of cone 364 between each of apertures 370 comprise a plurality of elongated obstacles secured in spaced-apart relationship within fluid conduit 102, each disposed at an inclination I 3 relative to the longitudinal axis L thereof.
  • Fluid 60 can thus pass through barricade 362 at the medial and at the lowermost portion 314 thereof, while air bubbles 70 pass therethrough in the reverse direction at uppermost portion 310.
  • the relative portions of apertures 370 utilized by air bubbles 70 and fluid 60 in this process is automatically compensating of any viscosity variation in the fluids transferred through pour spout 100.
  • Figures 28 and 29 illustrate a fifth embodiment of a barricade 382 comprising a sheet of screen mesh mounted within the interior of conduit 102 at an inclination I 3 to the longitudinal axis L thereof.
  • the screen mesh is carried on and bonded to the interior of fluid conduit 102 by a support ring 384.
  • the screen mesh comprises a uniform array of small apertures separated by a network of uni ⁇ formly or otherwise dimentioned wires or other structures.
  • the uniform array of small apertures therethrough function as the equivalent of a plurality of elongated fine apertures disposed at inclination I 3 to longitudinal axis L of fluid conduit 102.
  • the wire or other material between the apertures functions as the equivalent of a plurality of fine, spaced-apart obstacles also disposed at an inclination I 3 to longitudinal axis L of fluid conduit 3.
  • fluid 60 in fluid conduit 102 between barricade 382 of wire mesh and fluid container 12 is partially restrained by barricade 382 from passing along fluid conduit 102 for discharge. Instead, that fluid passes through the apertures in lowermost portion 314 and medial portion 312 of barrier 382, while air on the oppo ⁇ site side of barrier 382 from fluid container 12 moves toward uppermost portion 310 thereof and is passed through barrier 382 in the apertures thereat. As a result, the portion of barricade 382 utilized for transferring fluid 60 varies with the viscosity of that fluid.
  • the disclosed structures result in a pour spout that precludes the overflow of any receiving vessel and is conducive to the uniform, even flow of fluid thereinto. Spills are eliminated during fluid transfers, and the salutary results achieved are available regardless of the viscosity of the fluid being transferred.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Closures For Containers (AREA)

Abstract

Tube creux (102) adaptable par l'une des extrémités à un récipient contenant un fluide et pourvu à son autre extrémité d'un disque d'obturation (300) du conduit de fluide séparé de l'extrémité du tube creux par un espace constituant l'orifice de passage du fluide. Une vanne coulissante (108) extérieure au tube est rappelée dans sa position de fermeture où, en contact avec le disque (300), elle empêche le passage du fluide jusqu'à ce que l'orifice de versage soit engagé dans le récipient récepteur (168). Un diaphragme (302) est disposé en travers du tube dans une position inclinée; à travers ce diaphragme est percée au moins un ouverture allongée (336) s'étendant de façon continue dans le tube entre une première position longitudinale et une seconde position longitudinale plus en aval. Lorsque la vanne coulissante est ouverte, le fluide (60) traverse la diaphragme au niveau de la première position longitudinale tandis que de l'air de remplacement (70) arrive au niveau de la seconde position.
PCT/US1995/004675 1994-04-15 1995-04-14 Tube verseur ventile a compensation automatique de la viscosite du fluide WO1995028335A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU23856/95A AU2385695A (en) 1994-04-15 1995-04-14 Vented pour spout automatically accommodating of fluid viscosity

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US22785594A 1994-04-15 1994-04-15
US227,855 1994-04-15

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1995028335A1 true WO1995028335A1 (fr) 1995-10-26

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10238752B4 (de) * 2002-08-23 2010-09-09 Andreas Stihl Ag & Co. Einrichtung zum Abfüllen von Flüssigkeiten
WO2011095877A1 (fr) * 2010-02-04 2011-08-11 Laboratoires Thea Flacon de conditionnement d'un liquide à tête de distribution goutte a goutte
WO2013117921A1 (fr) * 2012-02-06 2013-08-15 Easy-Fill Limited Dispositif, buse, réservoir et procédé de commande de débit de liquide
WO2014137216A3 (fr) * 2013-03-07 2014-11-20 Gvg Oliehandel B.V. Bec verseur pour distribuer un liquide présent dans un récipient de liquide
EP4335774A1 (fr) * 2022-09-09 2024-03-13 Selden Research Ltd Dispositif, système et procédé pour alimentation en liquide inviolable ou inviolable

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE218222C (fr) *
US2164314A (en) * 1938-01-17 1939-07-04 Oldetyme Distillers Inc Combined closure and dispensing device
DE851610C (de) * 1951-07-01 1952-10-06 Merck E Tropf- und Auslaufvorrichtung fuer Fluessigkeitsbehaelter
EP0456612A2 (fr) * 1990-05-08 1991-11-13 Link Research And Development, Inc. Système de commande de débit de liquide
WO1992020590A1 (fr) * 1991-05-23 1992-11-26 Vemco, Inc. Embout verseur
EP0580416A1 (fr) * 1992-07-24 1994-01-26 BRIGGS & STRATTON CORPORATION Bidon d'essence portatif

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE218222C (fr) *
US2164314A (en) * 1938-01-17 1939-07-04 Oldetyme Distillers Inc Combined closure and dispensing device
DE851610C (de) * 1951-07-01 1952-10-06 Merck E Tropf- und Auslaufvorrichtung fuer Fluessigkeitsbehaelter
EP0456612A2 (fr) * 1990-05-08 1991-11-13 Link Research And Development, Inc. Système de commande de débit de liquide
WO1992020590A1 (fr) * 1991-05-23 1992-11-26 Vemco, Inc. Embout verseur
EP0580416A1 (fr) * 1992-07-24 1994-01-26 BRIGGS & STRATTON CORPORATION Bidon d'essence portatif

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10238752B4 (de) * 2002-08-23 2010-09-09 Andreas Stihl Ag & Co. Einrichtung zum Abfüllen von Flüssigkeiten
WO2011095877A1 (fr) * 2010-02-04 2011-08-11 Laboratoires Thea Flacon de conditionnement d'un liquide à tête de distribution goutte a goutte
CN102740812A (zh) * 2010-02-04 2012-10-17 泰阿实验室 具有逐滴分配头部的液体收容瓶
US9174777B2 (en) 2010-02-04 2015-11-03 Laboratoires Thea Liquid receiving bottle with drop by drop dispensing head
EA022725B1 (ru) * 2010-02-04 2016-02-29 Лаборатуар Теа Флакон для жидкости с раздаточной головкой для покапельной раздачи
WO2013117921A1 (fr) * 2012-02-06 2013-08-15 Easy-Fill Limited Dispositif, buse, réservoir et procédé de commande de débit de liquide
WO2014137216A3 (fr) * 2013-03-07 2014-11-20 Gvg Oliehandel B.V. Bec verseur pour distribuer un liquide présent dans un récipient de liquide
US9783404B2 (en) 2013-03-07 2017-10-10 Gvg Oliehandel B.V. Pouring spout for dispensing a liquid present in a liquid container
EP4335774A1 (fr) * 2022-09-09 2024-03-13 Selden Research Ltd Dispositif, système et procédé pour alimentation en liquide inviolable ou inviolable

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