WO1995006252A1 - Procede d'identification d'une substance immunologique au moyen d'un systeme multimembranaire - Google Patents
Procede d'identification d'une substance immunologique au moyen d'un systeme multimembranaire Download PDFInfo
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- WO1995006252A1 WO1995006252A1 PCT/FR1994/001023 FR9401023W WO9506252A1 WO 1995006252 A1 WO1995006252 A1 WO 1995006252A1 FR 9401023 W FR9401023 W FR 9401023W WO 9506252 A1 WO9506252 A1 WO 9506252A1
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/543—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor with an insoluble carrier for immobilising immunochemicals
- G01N33/54306—Solid-phase reaction mechanisms
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/536—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor with immune complex formed in liquid phase
- G01N33/537—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor with immune complex formed in liquid phase with separation of immune complex from unbound antigen or antibody
- G01N33/538—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor with immune complex formed in liquid phase with separation of immune complex from unbound antigen or antibody by sorbent column, particles or resin strip, i.e. sorbent materials
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/543—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor with an insoluble carrier for immobilising immunochemicals
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a new method for identifying an immunological substance chosen from the group consisting of antigens and antibodies, said method using a multimembrane system for visually separating and detecting the product of an immunological reaction: antigen + antibody -> antigen-antibody It also relates, as new industrial products, to said multimembrane system, on the one hand, and to the kits or assay kits containing said multimembrane system, on the other hand.
- Patent issued US-A-4,446,232 (Lance A. LIOTTA) recommends a multimembrane device for the identification of an antigen, which comprises: - a first porous zone which contains an antigen and an antibody coupled to a labeling enzyme , said antigens and antibodies being capable of reacting immunologically with one another, said first zone comprising at least two layers: an upper layer containing the antibody coupled to an enzyme, and a lower layer containing the immobilized antigen specific for said antibody, and - a second porous zone containing the substrate of the labeling enzyme and its developer.
- the antibody coupled to an enzyme which is an immunological substance comprising two active sites, one of these sites being used for coupling with the labeling enzyme, the other for the bond with the antigen likely to be present in the liquid sample to be analyzed, being such that it (i) crosses the first zone when it reacted with the antigen to be identified if the latter is present in said sample, or (ii) does not cross said first zone due to its fixation on the immobilized antigen when it has not reacted with the antigen to be identified if the latter is not present in said sample.
- This multimembrane device is also useful, according to US-A-4,446,232, for the identification of an antibody when it is replaced in the first zone. on the one hand the antibody coupled to an enzyme by an antigen coupled to the labeling enzyme, and on the other hand, the antigen not immobilized by an antibody not immobilized.
- US-A-4 446 232 further indicates that the two porous zones may each consist of paper, in particular a nitrocellulose paper or a so-called diazobenzyloxylated paper (see column 4 lines 40-47 and example 1).
- the main drawback of the multimembrane device according to US-A-4,446,232 lies in the fact that this device has poor sensitivity.
- the liquid sample containing the antigen to be identified passes too quickly through the first zone, in particular through the nitrocellulose membrane where the antibody material coupled to an enzyme is present: consequently the reaction of said antigen to be identified with said antibody coupled to an enzyme either is incomplete or could not be carried out.
- a non-negligible part of the antibody coupled to the labeling enzyme is immobilized by adsorption on the membrane (s) of the first zone.
- FR-A-2 666 896 Jacques TOLEDANO. It implements a multimembrane device for the identification of an antigen (or vice versa of an antibody) capable of being contained in an aqueous liquid sample, said device, in which a plurality of membranes is provided, delaying the passage of said sample. More precisely, according to the indications provided in the description of FR-
- this multimembrane device includes:
- a filter in particular made of cellulose, polyamide or polycarbonate, intended to receive the liquid sample to be analyzed and capable of containing an antigen to be identified,
- a double permeable membrane which is underlying the filter (A) and is formed of a first sheet (B1) comprising a mobile or immobilized reagent (RI) recognizing said antigen to be identified, on the one hand, and a second sheet (B2) which is underlying the first sheet (B1) and comprises a reagent (R2) complementary to (RI), the contact of said antigen to be identified with the reagent (RI) transmitting a signal to the reagent (R2) which in turn activates the mechanisms of the underlying layers, on the other hand,
- RI mobile or immobilized reagent
- this film (Ml) being at least waterproof vis-à-vis the liquid sample to be analyzed serving here as eluent, then being degraded by said liquid sample so as to allow its passage to the next layer,
- a porous zone (D) comprising the means for revealing the presence or absence of the antigen in the liquid sample to be analyzed.
- FR-A-2 666 896 overcomes, thanks to the films Ml and M2, the aforementioned major drawback of the technical solution of US-A-4 446 232 with regard to the completion of the reaction of the antigen to be identified with an antibody coupled to a non-immobilized enzyme, or a sufficient evolution of said reaction.
- This technical solution which uses a membrane supporting an antibody coupled to a labeling enzyme and not immobilized and an anti-enzyme antibody immobilized on another membrane, has the drawback of giving rise to parasitic reactions with enzymes contained in the sample to be analyzed, either at the level of the immunological reaction of the abovementioned antigen-antibody type, or (above all) at the level of the revelation of the labeling enzyme.
- the technical solution of the multimembrane system of FR-A-2 666 896 is defective in view of the small thickness (less than 0.1 mm) of the membrane (B1 or B2) which comprises the immobilized immunological reagent (RI or R2).
- the membranes Ml and M2 are not used.
- the passage of the liquid through a porous membrane with a thickness of less than 0.1 mm is so rapid that the immunological reaction is poor and that said porous membrane is used at best at 0.01 to 0.1% of its capacity.
- 50 to 100 ⁇ g of immobilized DDi retain only 3 to 5 ng of anti-monoclonal antibody conjugate (DDi) coupled to peroxidase.
- a method for identifying an immunological substance belonging to the set of antigens and antibodies and capable of being contained in a liquid sample to be analyzed it is proposed to provide a method for identifying an immunological substance belonging to the set of antigens and antibodies and capable of being contained in a liquid sample to be analyzed.
- a multimembrane device as a new industrial product, for the implementation of said method.
- a kit, kit or assay kit containing said multimembrane device with if necessary (i) one or more complementary reagents, and / or (ii) a dilution medium.
- the new technical solution which is recommended according to the invention comprises the distribution (i) of an aqueous mixture of a liquid sample capable of containing an immunological substance to be identified [i.e. X] with a conjugate [anti (X)] of said immunological substance coupled to an enzyme [E *], said mixture being such that the reaction X + anti (X) -E * -> X-anti (X) -E * could have been triggered and lead to the production of a relatively large quantity of X-anti (X) -E complex *, on (ii) a selective phase constituted by a porous membrane comprising an immobilized immunological reagent which is chosen from group consisting of (a) immunological materials which react specifically with the conjugate [anti (X)] and the conjugate coupled to an enzyme [anti (X) -E *], but which do not react with the above-mentioned reaction product [X-anti (X) -E *], or
- a method of identifying an immunological substance (X) belonging to all of the antigens and antibodies and therefore capable of being present in a liquid sample to be analyzed is therefore recommended, said method, which highlights performs the reaction of said immunological substance with one of its conjugates [anti (X)] and the use of a multimembrane system, being characterized in that it comprises the steps consisting in
- a first zone comprising a porous membrane provided with an immobilized immunological reagent which is chosen from the group consisting of
- a second zone comprising at least one porous membrane, which is underlying the membrane containing said immobilized immunological reagent and which contains a specific substrate for the labeling enzyme (E *) for revealing the presence of said enzyme.
- a variant of this method is also recommended according to which a mixture of the sample to be analyzed is prepared in step (1 °) capable of containing the immunological substance X to be identified with a conjugate directed against anti (X) and coupled to the labeling enzyme, this conjugate being a complex corresponding to the formula anti [anti (anti)) - E * and such that
- step 2 said mixture with the anti compound (X ) immobilized at the level of a porous membrane, before proceeding to reveal the anti [anti (anti (X)] - E * complex conjugate not retained by the immobilized anti (X) reagent due to the presence of X (generally in excess ).
- a method is provided which comprises the steps consisting in:
- a multimembrane device comprising - a first zone comprising a porous membrane comprising the conjugate [anti (X)] as an immunological reagent, the weight quantity of said immobilized immunological reagent / surface area of the porous membrane provided with said immunological reagent being between 10 and 150 ⁇ g / cm *****, and the active sites of said membrane not used for immobilizing said immunological reagent being blocked; and, - A second zone comprising at least one porous membrane, which is subjacent to the membrane containing said immobilized immunological reagent and which contains a specific substrate for the labeling enzyme (E) for revealing the presence of said enzyme.
- a multimembrane system is also recommended which comprises the first and second areas mentioned above.
- kit, kit or assay kit for the identification of an immunological substance in accordance with the above process, said kit, kit or assay kit being characterized in that it includes said multimembrane system and, where appropriate, additional reagents and / or a dilution medium.
- a AEECC denotes 3-amino-9-ethylcarbazole
- bCG denotes the gonadotropin of the bovine chorion
- BCIP denotes 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl phosphate
- BSA denotes bovine serum albumin (from English: "bovine serum albumin”)
- C CMMVV denotes a cytomegalovirus
- D denotes a particular monomer fragment belonging to the set of FnDPs;
- DDi denotes a particular dimeric D fragment belonging to the set of FnDPs
- EIA designates an enzyme immunoassay (from the English: "enzymeimmunoassay”);
- F (ab) denotes a fragment of an antibody of the Ig type comprising the branches a and b and obtained by cleavage of said antibody by papain
- F (ab ') 2 denotes a fragment of an antibody of the Ig type comprising the branches a and b and obtained by cleavage of the said antibody by pepsin
- Fc denotes a fragment of an antibody of the Ig type essentially constituted by the branch c and obtained by chemical or enzymatic cleavage; the Fc fragments are homologous but structurally different according to the mode of cleavage [see for this purpose the indications provided in the publication FR-A-2 645 647 as regards the Fc separated from F (ab) and F (ab ') - * * *];
- FDP designates degradation products of the FgDP or FnDP type; FgDP designates the fibrinogen degradation products; FnDP designates fibrin degradation products; GMV denotes a rubella virus (from the English: "German measles virus");
- HBcAb is a core antibody to the hepatitis B virus (in English:
- HBcAg denotes a hepatitis B virus core antigen (in English: "hepatitis B core antigen");
- HBsAb denotes a hepatitis B virus surface antibody (in English: hepatitis B surface antibody ");
- HBsAg is a hepatitis B virus surface antigen (in English:
- hCG hepatitis B surface antigen
- gonadotropin of the human chorion, (in English: “human chorionic gonadotropin”
- HCV is a hepatitis C virus
- HIV denotes a human immunodeficiency virus (in English: "human immunodeficiency virus”);
- HSV denotes a herpes virus (in English: “herpes simplex virus”);
- I denotes an immunoglobulin
- IV A denotes an influenza A virus (in English: “influenza A virus”);
- IV B denotes a type B influenza virus (in English: "influenza B virus”);
- MES denotes 2- (N-morpholino) ethanesulfonic acid
- MPB denotes methoxynaphthyl-galactoside
- NTB denotes tetrazonium blue (in English: "nitro-blue tetrazonium”);
- OD denotes optical density
- PAI denotes an inhibitor of plasminogen activators
- PAI-1 denotes inhibitor 1 of plasminogen activators.
- PBS denotes a physiological phosphate buffer solution (in English: "phosphate-buffered saline”);
- PVP denotes polyvinylpyrrolidone
- RF stands for rheumatoid factor
- RIA means a radioimmunoassay (from English:
- RSV is a respiratory syncinesia virus (in English:
- RT indicates the ambient temperature (15-25 ° C), preferably RT will be between 18 and 25 ° C;
- TMB denotes 3, 3 ',, 5' -tetramethylbenzidine
- tPA designates any tissue type plasminogen activator (English: “tissue plasminogen activator”) and includes sctPA (tissue type plasminogen activator with single-strand structure, in English: “single-chain tissue plasminogen activator”) and tctPA (tissue type plasminogen activator with double strand structure, in English: "two-chain tissue plasminogen activator”);
- TV denotes a toxoplasmosis virus
- uPA denotes any urokinase-type plasminogen activator (from English: “urokinase plasminogen activator”) and includes scuPA (urokinase-type plasminogen activator with single-strand structure, in English: “single-chain urokinase plasminogen activator", also called prourokinase) and tcuPA (urokinase-type plasminogen activator with double-stranded structure, in English:: two-chain urokinase plasminogen activator ", also called urokinase);
- FIGS. 1-5 schematically illustrate multimembrane systems according to the invention, in which the immunological reagent is immobilized essentially on the upper surface and / or in the mass of the porous membrane comprising it;
- Figures la-4a and lb-4b respectively illustrate the reaction mechanisms involved in the multimembrane systems of Figures 1-4 corresponding, when the latter are used in a "negative” test (absence of immunological substance X in the sample to analyze) and respectively in a "positive” test (presence of said immunological substance in the sample to be analyzed);
- Figures 5a and 5b schematically illustrate the mechanisms involved in the multimembrane system of Figure 5, when the concentration of the immunological substance X, present in the sample to be analyzed is lower (Figure 5a: “negative” test) or higher ( Figure 5b: “positive test”) at a predetermined concentration; and,
- FIG. 6 schematically illustrate in section multi-membrane systems according to the invention, in which the immobilized immunological reagent is disposed essentially in the mass of the porous membrane comprising it.
- immunological substance any element of a couple (antigen / antibody) involved in an immunological reaction: antigen + antibody> antigen-antibody Couples (antigen / antibody) include here not only couples
- immunological couples (antigenic substance / antibody) but also the immunological couples (agomste / antagonist) or (conjugated / anticonjugate) such as the couples (biotin / avidin) and (activator / inhibitor) [in particular the couples (tPA / PAI)].
- antigenic substances here is meant the antigens themselves, on the one hand, and the substances from which antibodies can be generated, on the other hand. Among these latter substances, mention may in particular be made of haptens, peptides, medicaments comprising at least one peptide fragment. alkaloids and generally any substance with an immunological structure.
- conjugate of a given substance (X or respectively anti-X) is meant a partner [anti-X or respectively anti (anti-X)] specific for said substance in an immunological reaction. According to this definition, the term “conjugate does not necessarily imply that said pair is coupled to a marker, of the enzyme type for example.
- the preferred pairs (antigen / antibody) according to the invention are the pairs
- the immunological substance to be identified may be an antigenic substance.
- an antigenic substance such as in particular DDi, FgDP, FnDP.
- Protein C Protein S. ⁇ - antitrypsin, hCG, bCG, PAI (in particular PAI-1), tPA (especially sctPA and tctPA), uPA (especially scuPA and tcuPA), an antigen of bacterial or viral origin such as HBcAg , HBsAg, IV ⁇ antigen, IVg antigen or RSV antigen, or an antibody present in or directed against an envelope or nucleus po ⁇ ion of bacteria, mold or virus such as HBcAb, HBsAb, CMV antibody, GMV, HCV , HIV (especially HIV-1, HIV-2 or HIV-3), HSV, MCV, RCV or TV.
- said immunological substance is here an immunological material intervening (i) in the mechanisms of hemostasis, (ii) in the bacteriological or virological field, (iii) in the mechanisms of fertilization / implantation, or also (iv ) the food industry (research in particular for the presence of an antigen or antibody specific for the strains of
- the conjugate of said immunological substance is advantageously here a monoclonal antibody directed against (in English: "raised against”) said immunological substance.
- Said monoclonal antibody as used according to the invention is a highly purified and bifunctional material.
- the monoclonal antibody conjugate coupled to an enzyme of formula anti (X) -E as used herein must be purified. It is indeed important that this antibody coupled to an enzyme is essentially devoid of free enzyme to avoid parasitic staining of the developer of the labeling enzyme.
- the sample likely to contain the immunological substance to be identified is an aqueous liquid, in particular a body liquid such as in particular blood (mainly plasma, and if necessary serum), urine, saliva, sweat, milk, or an aqueous liquid, synthetic or semi-synthetic medium containing a product, in particular food, of vegetable or animal origin, in liquid or ground form.
- a body liquid such as in particular blood (mainly plasma, and if necessary serum), urine, saliva, sweat, milk, or an aqueous liquid, synthetic or semi-synthetic medium containing a product, in particular food, of vegetable or animal origin, in liquid or ground form.
- the immobilized immunological reagent is placed on the upper surface of the porous membrane and / or in the mass of said porous membrane.
- the immunological reagent immobilized at the level of the selective phase is chosen from immunological materials which react specifically with said anti (X) conjugate and said conjugate coupled to an anti (X) -E enzyme but do not react with the product of the reaction of step (1 °), namely X-anti (X) -E *.
- the immobilized immunological reagent is then
- the anti [anti (X)] reagent which is immobilized at the level of the porous membrane of the first zone, will advantageously be a monoclonal or polyclonal antibody directed against a fragment or an active site of the anti (X) antibody, namely especially :
- the negative results result in an absence of coloration
- the positive results result in the development of coloration
- the immobilized immunological reagent is chosen from antibodies directed against the immunological substance to be identified, and advantageously specific to an epitope different from the epitope against which the anti (X) antibody intervening in the reaction was generated. step (1 °).
- the negative results result in the development of a coloration
- the positive results result in an absence of coloration.
- the anti (X) material which is used according to the invention, is a bifunctional or divalent immunological substance, that is to say a substance comprising two active sites: a first active site for reacting with X or anti [anti (X)] and a second active site serving for the binding with the labeling enzyme or for immobilization at the level of the porous membrane of the selective phase.
- the membrane of the selective phase has according to the invention a thickness greater than or equal to 0.1 mm and in general less than or equal to 10 mm.
- a thickness of 0.1 mm constitutes a threshold below which the porous membrane of the selective phase gradually loses its capacities and is therefore unusable.
- a porous membrane having a thickness between 0.2 and 10 mm and better a thickness between 0.2 and 1 mm will be used for the selective phase.
- the porous membrane of the selective phase has a porosity (evaluated by comparison with the diameter of its pores) of between 0.2 and 10 ⁇ m and preferably between 0.3 and 6 ⁇ m, and better still a porosity of less than 1 ⁇ m. (in particular 0.3-0.8 ⁇ m).
- This membrane is used for fixing either by covalence or by adsorption of the immunological reagent to be immobilized on its upper face and / or in its mass.
- membranes useful for immobilization by covalent mention may in particular be made of porous membranes of the polymer or copolymer type such as VERSAPOR R (acrylic membranes sold by the company called GELMAN), LOPRODYNE R (polyamide membranes sold by the company called PALL), TRUFFIN R , SUPPOR R and THERMAPOR R (polysulfone membranes sold by the company called GELMAN).
- the membranes specially adapted for the field of immunodiagnosis and which are advantageous according to the invention comprise in particular nitrocellulose membranes, for immobilization by adsorption (in particular the mtrocellulose membranes sold by the company known as SCHLEICHER & SCHUELL), and for immobilization by covalence of the membranes IMMUNODYNE R (porous polyamide membranes marketed by the company called PALL), IMMOBILON R (porous membranes in hydrophilic polyfluorocarbon marketed by the company called MILLIPORE) and ULTRABIND R (porous polysulfone membranes marketed by the company called GELMAN) . These membranes can be suppo ⁇ ées.
- the suppo ⁇ (constituted by a polymer material, for example made of polyamide, making the membranes more manipulable and less fragile), is in particular incorporated in the nitrocellulose membranes and the IMMUNODYNE R membranes (which allows use on both sides, a of the faces being however more reactive than the other), or linked to one of the faces as is the case in the ULTRABIND R membranes (in this case one can only use for immobilization the other face).
- the reaction mixture which is distributed at the level of the porous membrane of the selective phase passes through by (i) capillarity or (ii) by capillarity and gravity, said porous membrane is perpendicularly (ie in the thickness direction, it is that is to say in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the membrane) or, more advantageously, longitudinally (ie in the direction of the length of the membrane).
- the weight quantity of immunological reagent immobilized at the level of the selective phase compared to the surface unit (ie "surface density” or "surface concentration"), is between 10 and 150 ⁇ g / cm 2 .
- the surface of the membrane of the selective phase is here that of the upper or lower face; it is not that of the edge of said membrane.
- this surface density will be between 20 and 100 ⁇ g / cm ⁇ .
- the surface density is a function of the immobilization method chosen.
- a membrane is immersed in a liquid medium containing the immunological material which one wishes to immobilize in such a way that the height of the liquid extends up to approximately 2 mm above the surface of the membrane to be treated, it is found in many cases that covalently the surface density of the immobilized product increases up to a certain value and that it decreases or is constant beyond this value; there is a phenomenon of salting out or saturation even before all the active sites of the membrane are completely saturated.
- an impregnation liquid containing more than 150 ⁇ g / ml of immunological reagent cannot be used.
- the immobilization of the immunological reagent by adsorption is carried out under the same conditions, it is found that the immobilization is no longer reliable when the impregnation liquid contains more than 400 ⁇ g / ml of immunological reagent. For this purpose, see the immobilization tests on the membrane provided below.
- immobilization by adsorption provides a surface concentration in general greater than immobilization by covalence, however immobilization by adsorption is more sensitive to the phenomena of salting out than immobilization by covalence. This explains why it is advisable to limit the surface concentration of immunological reagent immobilized by covalence or adsorption.
- the active sites of the membrane of the selective phase remaining still free after the immobilization of the immunological reagent are essentially all blocked.
- This blocking or saturation is required to avoid any parasitic immobilization during the implementation of the method of the invention.
- the blocking means suitable for this purpose are, in order of preferably increasing, TWEEN R 20, polyvinylpyrrolidone, casein, serum bovine albumin and diet milk powder.
- REGILAIT R diet milk powder used at a concentration of 1 to 5% w / v has proven to be the most effective means here.
- one or more drops of the mixture which consists of the liquid sample and the conjugate of the immunological substance [X] coupled to a enzyme, of formula [anti (X) -E *], which contains the product of the immunological reaction [X-anti (X) -E *] when the immunological substance X is present in said sample, and which was prepared in a suitable reactor, in particular a flask, a cuvette or a tube) at the level of the membrane of the selective phase comprising the immobilized immunological reagent.
- said mixture is produced by pouring one or more drops of the liquid sample, capable of containing the immunological substance to be identified, onto another porous membrane situated above the membrane of the selective phase.
- this other membrane has its essentially saturated active sites and comprises a deposit on its upper face, either entirely or by pad, of the conjugate coupled to an enzyme of formula anti (X) - E which is not immobilized.
- said conjugate coupled to an enzyme is advantageously recommended to coat said conjugate coupled to an enzyme with a water-permeable polymer or with a glass fiber membrane, in order to protect it (after crosslinking of the polymer when it is used) during storage and handling by the user.
- it should not touch with the finger said conjugate coupled to a non-immobilized enzyme to avoid distorting the dosage by removal of said conjugate.
- the labeling enzyme in particular peroxidase, an alkaline phosphatase, ⁇ -galactosidase or urease. is revealed by means of its specific substrate.
- the revealing complex will comprise a substrate, namely in particular the D-glucose / glucose oxidase mixture which supplies hydrogen peroxide, according to the mechanism: glucose oxidase D-glucose + 2H2O - O2> gluconic acid + H2O2 on a membrane underlying that of the selective phase, and the colored indicator, TMB, on a layer underlying that containing the substrate.
- a system comprising three membranes may be used: a first membrane for D-glucose, a second membrane for glucose oxidase and a third membrane for TMB.
- the TMB can also be replaced by the AEC.
- the labeling enzyme is an alkaline phosphatase
- the developer may be a BCIP / NBT mixture.
- the colored developer may be MPB.
- the multimembrane device according to the invention will be housed in an opaque envelope, or else the reading window which must reveal the variation in color will be closed during storage by an opaque non-stick tape which must be peeled before use.
- the choice of the labeling enzyme generally depends on the co ⁇ oreal liquid medium capable of containing substance X to be identified.
- said co ⁇ orel liquid may contain peroxidase and / or catalase (as may be the case in the field of identification of substances involved in the mechanisms of hemostasis)
- peroxidase and / or catalase as may be the case in the field of identification of substances involved in the mechanisms of hemostasis
- the peroxidase or catalase present in the sample would then react with the substrate of the peroxidase at the level of the second zone.
- the glucose oxidase used for revealing peroxidase is also sensitive to catalase, it is important that said glucose oxidase is substantially pure.
- the preferred labeling enzyme according to the invention will be a ⁇ -galactosidase, that is to say an enzyme which is not found in blood, plasma or serum.
- liquid sample likely to contain substance X to be determined contains an identical enzyme or which may interfere with the marker E *, it is possible to treat said sample with one of the inhibitors of said enzyme before implementing the method of l 'invention.
- E * can represent, according to the invention, colloidal gold, colloidal silver (in particular colloidal gold doped with silver) or particles of colored latex with a particle size of less than 0.1 ⁇ m (for example colored latex particles having a particle size of 25-60 nm).
- the second zone may either be deleted or be made up of a porous membrane devoid of an enzyme substrate and which is similar in nature or analogous to the membrane of the selective phase of the first zone.
- the porous membranes which can be used for supposing the non-immobilized immunological reagent will have a thickness and a porosity similar to those of the porous membrane of the selective phase. From a practical point of view, it is preferred that the porosity of these membranes be greater than 1 ⁇ m and advantageously between 3 and 6 ⁇ m.
- the additional porous slowing membranes will have a porosity similar to that of the selective immunological phase.
- the labeling enzyme is peroxidase. a section, and the revelation of this enzyme is carried out by means of a set of two porous membranes, one comprising the generator of H2O2 (peroxidase substrate), namely the D-glucose / glucose oxidase mixture, the other underlying component comprising the developer, namely TMB, on the other side; (we can of course use a set of three membranes here as indicated above).
- the labeling enzyme can be different from the peroxidase and the development can be obtained with one or more membranes for the substrate / colored developer assembly.
- the labeling enzyme is alkaline phosphatase
- the colored developer will be the BCIP / NBT mixture
- the labeling enzyme is ⁇ -galactosidase
- the colored developer will be MPB
- ⁇ -galactosidase being the preferred labeling enzyme according to the invention for the reasons given above.
- the immunological substance to be identified is presented as being an antigenic substance.
- the multimembrane device 1 comprises a first porous membrane 10 whose upper surface 11 and at least one po ⁇ ion of the mass comprise covalently bonded (preferably) or by adso ⁇ tion an immobilized antigen 5 identical to the antigenic substance (X) to identify and likely to be contained in a sample 4a or 4b of co ⁇ oreal fluid to be tested, of a section, and a set of two porous membranes 2 and 3, the porous membrane 2 comprising (in its mass) the substrate D- glucose / glucose oxidase, the porous membrane 3 comprising (in its mass) the colored developer TMB, on the other side.
- the multimembrane device 1 can also comprise a porous membrane 12 which comprises on its upper surface 13 a conjugate 14.
- the conjugate 14 is a monoclonal antico ⁇ s 15 (directed against the antigenic substance X, referenced 5, to be identified) coupled to the labeling enzyme 6, for example peroxidase.
- the conjugate 14, which corresponds to the formula anti (X) -E *, is simply deposited on the upper surface 13 of the membrane 12 without being immobilized both by covalence and by adsorption.
- the active sites which are still free from the porous membrane 10 and all the active sites which are free from the porous membrane 12, when the latter is present, are completely and previously saturated or blocked by an appropriate means, preferably by means of REGILAIT diet milk powder.
- the deposition of the conjugate 14 of anti (X) -E * formula on the surface 13 is carried out by zones (one or more pads, in practice a single pad is sufficient) or over the entire said surface 13.
- the stud (s) are advantageously identified by a ca ⁇ ouche, in particular a circumference, drawn and materialized on said surface 13.
- a porous membrane 12 is used as suppo ⁇ of the anti (X) -E * conjugate, if necessary, it is recommended to have at least one additional porous membrane (not shown) above or below said membrane 12.
- porous membrane 12 in particular a porous glass fiber membrane
- conjugate 14 se ⁇ to slow the passage, through said membrane 12, of the sample 4a or 4b to be analyzed, and to ensure sufficient production for the following stages of the X-anti (X) -E * complex produced according to the reaction:
- FIG. 1b schematically illustrates the reaction mechanisms which take place when the sample to be analyzed contains said antigenic substance X.
- a mixture generally 1 drop
- the mechanisms involved are as follows.
- the conjugate 14 which could not react with the absent antigenic substance X and which therefore has a free reactive function, binds to the antigenic substance X, referenced 5, immobilized and does not cross the membrane 10. Said conjugate 14 thus captured cannot be detected by the substrate / developer assembly of the porous membranes 2 and 3.
- the assay according to FIG. 1a constitutes a non-colored negative test.
- the X-anti (X) -E complex formed and contained in the reaction medium is entrained without being retained by the antigenic substance X, referenced 5, in excess and immobilized, as soon as the two reactive functions of the antico ⁇ s anti (X), referenced 15 are occupied in said complex X-anti (X) -E by the labeling enzyme and substance X.
- the immobilized substance X fixes the conjugate 14 which has not reacted with X.
- the X-anti (X) -E * complex which does not react with immobilized substance X crosses the porous membrane 10 and its enzymatic activity is demonstrated by the action of labeling enzyme on the substrate assembly revealing the porous membranes 2 and 3.
- the assay according to FIG. 1b constitutes a positive colored test.
- the multimembrane device 20 compo ⁇ e. like the device 1 of FIG. 1, porous membranes 10, 2 and 3.
- the porous membrane 10 comprises a monoclonal antico ⁇ s conjugate 15 of anti formula (X) directed against the antigenic substance X referenced 5.
- This monoclonal antico ⁇ s is immobilized by covalence (preferably) or by adso ⁇ tion on the upper surface 11 and at least one po ⁇ ion of the mass of the membrane 10.
- the multimembrane device 20 can also comprise a porous membrane 12 disposed above the membrane 10. On the upper surface 13 of said membrane 12 or on a po ⁇ ion of said surface 13, is deposited non-immobilized a conjugate 24 conjugate 15.
- Conjugate 24, which is of the anti [anti (X)] - E * type, is constituted here by a monoclonal or polyclonal anti [F (ab ') 2] referenced 25 directed against the F (ab ') 2 of the anti-monoclonal antico ⁇ s anti (X) 15 and coupled to the labeling enzyme 6.
- one or more additional porous slowing membranes are arranged above and / or below the porous membrane 12; each additional slowing membrane is identical or different from the membrane 12 but is devoid of the anti-anti [F (ab ') 2].
- the deposition of the conjugate 24 can be carried out on the entire upper surface 13 of the membrane 12 or on a po ⁇ ion of said surface 13.
- the active sites still free of the membrane 10 after immobilization of anti (X) and the active sites of the other membranes (ie the membrane 12 and the additional porous slowing membranes) when these are present, are saturated, preferably by means REGILAIT R , prior to mounting or assembling the multimembrane device.
- anti [F (ab ') 2l is fixed on anti (X).
- anti [F (ab ') 2] can only be fixed on anti (X) after the fixation of substance X available on anti (X).
- anti [F (ab ') 2] has an affinity for anti (X) lower than that of X.
- the mechanisms involved are as follows.
- the anti [F (ab ') 2] po ⁇ ion of the anti [F (ab') 2J-E * conjugate is recognized by the immobilized antiico ⁇ s anti (X) and the labeling enzyme 6 of the resulting complex cannot be revealed at the porous membranes 2 and 3.
- the assay according to FIG. 2a constitutes a non-colored negative test.
- the antigen X comes to saturate the immobilized anti-monoclonal antico ⁇ s (X) by preventing the attachment of the anti conjugate [F (ab ') 2] -E *. Consequently, anti [F (ab ') 2] -E * crosses the porous membrane 10 and its enzymatic activity is demonstrated by its action on the substrate / developer assembly of the porous membranes 2 and 3.
- the assay according to the figure 2b constitutes a positive colored test.
- the multimembrane device 30 illustrated in FIGS. 3, 3a and 3b constitutes a variant of the device 20 in FIGS.
- the selective phase of the device 30 comprises an antico ⁇ s anti [F (ab ') 2] immobilized on the upper surface and in at least one po ⁇ ion of the mass of the porous membrane 10.
- a mixture (generally 1 drop) of (i) the sample to be analyzed 4a not containing the antigenic substance X or the sample 4b containing said antigenic substance X to be identified with (ii) the conjugate 34 of formula anti (X) - E, which is an anti-monoclonal antico ⁇ s anti (X), referenced 15, directed against the antigenic substance X, referenced 5, and coupled to the labeling enzyme 6.
- the resulting reaction medium contains in particular said conjugate 34 according to FIG. 3a in the absence of X, or the X-anti (X) -E * complex according to FIG. 3b in the presence of X.
- one or more additional porous membranes can be provided for slowing down above and / or below the porous membrane 12; the deposition of the conjugate 34 can be carried out on the entire upper surface 13 of the membrane 12 or on a po ⁇ ion of said surface 13; and the active sites still free of the membrane 10 after immobilization of anti (X) and the active sites of the other membranes (ie the membrane 12 and the additional porous slowing membranes) when these are present, are saturated, preferably at REGILAIT, prior to mounting or assembling the multimembrane device.
- the mechanisms involved are the following.
- the conjugate 34 which is an anti-monoclonal antico ⁇ s (X), referenced 15, coupled to the labeling enzyme 6, is retained by the monoclonal or polyclonal antico l'ants immobilized anti [F (ab ') • ->] referenced 25. Said conjugate 34 thus immobilized cannot be revealed by the assembly substrate / developer of porous membranes 2 and 3.
- the assay according to FIG. 3 a constitutes a non-colored negative test.
- the X-anti (X) -E * complex is not recognized by the immobilized anti-monoclonal or polyclonal antico ⁇ s [F (ab ' ) 2].
- This complex therefore crosses the porous membrane 10 and its enzymatic activity is demonstrated in the membranes 2 and 3.
- the assay according to FIG. 3b constitutes a positive colored test.
- the anti-monoclonal or polyclonal anti [F (ab ') - * - *] can in particular be a rabbit or goat antico ⁇ s directed against the F (ab') 2 fragment of an antico ⁇ s of mouse.
- antico ⁇ s anti [F (ab ') 2] can be replaced here by an antico ⁇ s anti [anti (X)] equivalent having regard to the relative affinity by rappo ⁇ to X vis-à-vis anti (X ).
- anti [anti (anti (X)] antico ⁇ s which are suitable for this purpose, there may be mentioned in particular the monoclonal antico ⁇ s (in particular of rat) anti ⁇ kappa chain (in particular of mouse), of a pan, and the monoclonal or polyclonal antico ⁇ s anti -idiotype of a monoclonal antico ⁇ s (in particular of mouse) produced in another animal (in particular goat or rabbit), of other side.
- the multimembrane device 40 is designed to implement an EIA sandwich method by means of two monoclonal antibodies reacting on sites distinct from the antigenic substance X.
- the device 40 of FIG. 4 comprises, like that of FIG. 2, a selective phase consisting of a porous membrane 10 comprising on its upper surface 11 and in at least one po ⁇ ion of its mass an immobilized monoclonal antico ⁇ s 15 of formula anti (X) ** -, a pan, and a revelation zone constituted here of porous membranes 2 and 3 for the substrate / developer assembly, on the other side.
- Said anti (X) *** monoclonal antico ⁇ s, referenced 15 is directed against a first active site or epitope of the antigenic substance X referenced 5.
- sample 4a devoid of substance X, or sample 4b containing said substance X The mixture of the sample to be analyzed (sample 4a devoid of substance X, or sample 4b containing said substance X) with a conjugate 44, which is a monoclonal antico ⁇ s of formula anti (X) 2, referenced 45, directed against a second site active or epitope of the antigenic substance X and coupled to the enzyme marking 6. is distributed according to arrow 7 on the upper surface 11 of the selective phase.
- This mixture contains, when the substance X to be identified is present in the sample to be analyzed, the product of the immunological reaction: X + anti (X) 2 -E * -> X-anti (X) 2 -E *
- X + anti (X) 2 -E * -> X-anti (X) 2 -E * it is possible to distribute, on at least one po ⁇ ion (or pad) of the upper surface 13 of the porous membrane 12 coated with the non-immobilized conjugate 44, the sample 4a or 4b, the resulting reaction medium passing through said membrane 12 and s' then flowing according to arrow 7.
- one or more additional porous membranes for slowing down can be arranged, as indicated above, above and / or below the porous membrane 12.
- the deposition of the conjugate 44 can be carried out on the entire upper surface 13 of the membrane 12 or on a po ⁇ ion of said surface 13.
- the active sites still free of the membrane 10 after immobilization of anti ( X) *** and the active sites of the other membranes (ie the membrane 12 and the additional porous slowing membranes) when these are present, are saturated, preferably by means of REGILAIT, prior to the assembly or assembly of the multimembrane device .
- the conjugate 44 which could not react with substance X, due to the absence of X in the sample 4b, is not recognized by the immobilized monoclonal antico ⁇ s 15; it therefore crosses the porous membrane 10 of the selective phase and its enzymatic activity is revealed by the revealing substrate assembly of the porous membranes 2 and 3.
- the assay according to FIG. 4a constitutes a colored negative test.
- the assay according to FIG. 4b constitutes a positive non-colored test.
- FIGS. 5, 5a and 5b illustrate a particular technique for identifying an antigenic substance X, referenced 5, which implements the methods described above with regard to the device 1 of FIG. 1.
- the operating methods envisaged with the multimembrane device 50 of FIG. 5 include, for the determination of a greater than normal amount of an antigenic substance X naturally present in a sample of co ⁇ orel fluid (this case occurs in particular in the field of identification of DDi in plasma),
- Steps (a) and (b) can be carried out in a flask, microcuvette or tube. They can also be carried out directly in the multimembrane device, in this case, there is provided above the membrane 10 a set of two layers, namely (i) a second selective phase consisting of a porous membrane 510 comprising the antico ⁇ s anti (X) 2 , referenced 55, immobilized on its upper surface 511 and in at least a portion of its mass, and (ii) a porous membrane 12 comprising the conjugate 14, which is a monoclonal anti (X) 2 antico ⁇ s, referenced 15, coupled to the labeling enzyme 6 and corresponding to the formula anti (X) 2 -E *. said conjugate 14 being deposited on the upper surface 13 of said membrane 12 and not immobilized on said surface 13.
- a second selective phase consisting of a porous membrane 510 comprising the antico ⁇ s anti (X) 2 , referenced 55, immobilized on its upper surface 511 and in at least a
- the mechanisms involved are as follows.
- the antigen X existing in the sample 54a is picked up by the immobilized monoclonal antibody 55 of formula anti (X) ** -, and the conjugate 14 of formula anti (X) 2 -E * is retained during its passage on the selective phase by the antigen X immobilized on the upper surface 11 and in at least one po ⁇ ion of the mass of the porous membrane 10.
- the assay according to FIG. 5a constitutes a non-colored negative test.
- any of the devices 1, 20, 30, 40 and 50 of FIGS. 1, 2, 3, 4 can be used. and 5; for the identification of antigenic materials (or antico ⁇ s) of bacterial or viral origin, it is recommended rather to use the multimembrane devices 20, 30 and 40 of Figures 2, 3 and 4 to avoid any risk of contamination of the personnel in contact with said multimembrane devices, by an antigen (or antico ⁇ s) X, which would be immobilized at the level of the membrane 10.
- the selective phases of the multimembrane devices of FIGS. 1, 1a and 1b to 5, 5a and 5b can comprise the immobilized immunological reagent either in their masses or on their upper faces.
- FIGS. 6 to 8 relate to multimembrane devices which each comprise a selective phase traversed longitudinally by the mixture constituted by the sample to be tested and the anti (X) or anti [anti (anti)) conjugate coupled to a non-enzyme immobilized.
- FIG. 6 illustrates a multimembrane device 60 according to the invention.
- This device 60 includes:
- a well 66 formed in a covering sheet 67 and into which one or more drops (1 to 5 ⁇ l) of the sample to be analyzed are introduced, capable of containing the immunological substance X to be identified and previously mixed with a conjugate coupled to an enzyme, for example anti (X) -E * or anti [anti (X)] - E *, as a variant said conjugate coupled to an enzyme can be deposited not immobilized on a porous membrane suppo ⁇ housed in said well 66;
- affinity a porous membrane (called affinity) 61 intervening as a selective phase, which contains in its mass an immobilized immunological reagent, which is in capillary relation by one of its ends 63 with the well 66 and which is supplied with liquid (test sample / conjugate mixture coupled to a non-immobilized enzyme) through said well 66 when it has been loaded with said liquid;
- porous membranes 62 for revealing the labeling enzyme, this or these porous revealing membranes being observable by means of an opening 68 formed on the opposite side 69 of the cover sheet 67 and longitudinally offset by compared to well 66, said porous membrane (s) 62 being in capillary relation via the other end 65 of porous membrane 61 of said selective phase and being supplied with liquid reaction medium by said porous membrane 61.
- FIG. 1 In the embodiment of FIG.
- the multimembrane device 60 is advantageously housed inside a substantially monobloc enclosure after assembly, consisting of two assemblies 167 and 169 complementary to one another and integral with one another, during the assembly in particular by means of a latching system, for example of the tenon / mo ⁇ aise type not shown, and which is provided with a well 66 and an opening or fen be read 68.
- a latching system for example of the tenon / mo ⁇ aise type not shown, and which is provided with a well 66 and an opening or fen be read 68.
- the conjugate coupled to an enzyme according to the multimembrane device 60 is the anti (X) -E * product
- a complex of formula X-anti (X) -E * is formed in the presence of the antigenic substance X which does not is not retained by the porous membrane 61 of the selective phase, which is entrained by the liquid flow and which reaches by capillary action the porous revealing membrane (s) 62 where the labeling enzyme is revealed.
- the porous membrane 61 here contains in its mass the immobilized immunological reagent which is in this case either X or anti (X) as indicated above.
- the porous membrane 61 of the selective phase which contains the immobilized immunological reagent of formula anti (X), fixes said anti [anti (anti (anti) X)] - E if the antigenic substance X is not present in the test sample, and does not fix said anti [anti (X)] product - E * if the antigenic substance X is present in said sample.
- the product of the X-anti [anti (X)] - E reaction not retained reaches by capillary action the porous revelation membrane (s) 62 where the labeling enzyme is revealed.
- FIG. 7 illustrates a multimembrane device 70 according to the invention similar to that of FIG. 6, with the difference that the porous membrane 71 is no longer substantially horizontal but is rather substantially vertical and is traversed by gravity and capillarity.
- the other references in FIG. 7 are those described above with regard to FIG. 6.
- FIG. 8 illustrates a multimembrane device 80 according to the invention comprising two wells 86a and 86b on its upper part. This device includes:
- a first selective phase in capillary connection via one of its ends 83a with the well 86a and supplied by the latter when it has been loaded with liquid (here the aqueous sample to be tested), said first selective phase consisting of a first porous membrane 81a comprises in its mass a first immobilized immunological reagent, e.g. anti (X) - * -, ⁇ a quantity of said immobilized first immunological reagent being such that it corresponds to the setting of a predetermined amount of antigenic substance X,
- a first immobilized immunological reagent e.g. anti (X) - * -, ⁇ a quantity of said immobilized first immunological reagent being such that it corresponds to the setting of a predetermined amount of antigenic substance X
- a second well 86b formed in the covering sheet, longitudinally offset by comparison with the first well 86a, in capillary connection with the other end 83b of the porous membrane 81a of the first selective phase, supplied with liquid flow by said first selective phase , and comprising in its bottom a conjugate coupled to a non-immobilized labeling enzyme, for example anti (X) 2 - E *.
- said conjugate coupled to a non-immobilized labeling enzyme which may be in particular in the form of a microporous pellet (i) whose upper surface is protected by a glass fiber membrane and (ii) which is disposed in well 86b before dosing,
- a second selective phase in capillary connection via one of its ends 85a with the well 86b, supplied by the latter in liquid flow (reaction medium having passed through the first selective phase and having been brought into contact with said conjugate coupled to a non-immobilized labeling enzyme present in said well 86b) and consisting of a second porous membrane 81b comprising in its mass a second immobilized immunological reagent, for example X, said second porous membrane 81b fixing said conjugate coupled to an enzyme not immobilized in the absence of antigenic substance X in the reaction medium leaving the first selective phase, but not fixing said conjugate coupled to an enzyme which reacted in the presence of the antigenic substance X present in said reaction medium leaving said first selective phase, and
- porous membranes 62 for revealing the labeling enzyme, this or these porous revealing membranes being observable in an opening 68 formed on the opposite side 69 to the cover sheet 67 and longitudinally offset by comparison with the wells 86a and 86b, the porous revelation membrane (s) 62 being in capillary relation with the other end 85b of the second porous membrane 81b and being supplied with liquid reaction medium by said second porous membrane 81b.
- the multimembrane device 80 of FIG. 8, as well as that of FIG. 7, can consist of two sets 167 and 169 which are complementary and can be joined together, as indicated above in the description of the multimembrane device 60 of Figure 6.
- a conduit is formed at the interface of the assemblies 167 and 169 for housing each of the porous membranes 61, 71, and 81b between a well 66 or 86b and an opening 68 or even between two wells 86a and 86b.
- the housings intended for the substantially horizontal porous membranes 61, 81a and 81b can be inclined so as to allow passage by capillarity and gravity through said membranes.
- the housing of the porous membrane 71 of Figure 7 can be inclined by rappo ⁇ to the ve ⁇ icale.
- the material of the assemblies 167 and 169 must not give rise to parasitic immobilizations by covalence or adsorption. If necessary, it will be treated at the level of the wells, reading openings and housings of the porous membranes of the selective phases using an appropriate means such as milk powder.
- the multimembrane device 80 of FIG. 8 is particularly effective for the determination of DDi which may be present in the plasma at a concentration greater than normal.
- the plasma sample to be analyzed is deposited in well 86a; the sample migrates longitudinally through the membrane 81a containing in its mass an anti-monoclonal antico ⁇ s (DDi), here the anti-monoclonal 9C3, to retain a given quantity of DDi; the resulting reaction medium reaches well 86b where there is an anti-monoclonal anti (DDi) coupled to a labeling enzyme, here the anti-monoclonal 2F7 coupled to ⁇ -galactosidase; the resulting reaction medium migrates longitudinally through the membrane 81b containing in its mass the immobilized DDi antigen, this membrane 81b (i) retaining the conjugate 2F7- ( ⁇ -galactosidase) when all of the DDi present in the plasma sample has been fixed to the membrane 81a and (ii
- the mixture of the liquid sample to be analyzed which may contain the immunological substance X with a conjugate coupled to a labeling enzyme is prepared outside the multimembrane system and then distributed on a thin membrane constituted by a nonwoven web of fibers of glass, this sheet being located above the underlying selective phase containing the immunological reagent immobilized in its mass, one or more porous revelation membranes being underlying this selective phase.
- the best mode also includes the implementation of a multimembrane device according to FIG. 5 and better still FIG. 8 for determining of an immunological substance content likely to be higher than the normal content.
- the liquid sample to be analyzed is distributed on a membrane made up of a non-woven sheet of glass fibers situated above the first selective phase.
- a porous membrane of 20 cm x 20 cm, or of nitrocellulose (porosity 0.45 ⁇ m) is immersed in an aqueous buffer of 100 ml containing the immunological material to be immobilized by covalence on a hydrophilic polyfluorocarbon membrane (IMMOBILON R : porosity 0.45 ⁇ m), polyamide (IMMUNODYNE R : porosity 0.65 ⁇ m), or polysulfone (ULTRABIND R : porosity 0.45 ⁇ m), or by adsorption on a nitrocellulose membrane (porosity 0.45 ⁇ m) after treatment with an aqueous solution 0.1 M CH3COOH activation - 0.5M, leaving a height of liquid of about 2 mm above said porous membrane. Incubation takes place for 18 h at a temperature between 4 ° C and RT.
- IMMOBILON R porosity 0.45 ⁇ m
- polyamide IMMUNODYNE R : porosity 0.65
- porous membrane ULTRABIND R
- An IMMUNODYNE R membrane (porosity: 5 ⁇ m; reference "BIAO50HC5) or VERSAPOR R (porosity: 3 ⁇ m) is immersed for 0.25-0.50 h in a PBS buffer at pH 7 consisting of (i) 16 parts by volume of a mix of NaH 2 PO 4 at 13.8 g / 1 and NaCl at 9 g / 1 (solution A) and (ii) 84 parts by volume of a mixture of Na2HPO 4 at 14.19 g / 1 and NaCl at 9 g / 1 (solution B), said buffer also containing 5% w / v PVP (MW: 10,000) or REGILAIT R.
- a PBS buffer at pH 7 consisting of (i) 16 parts by volume of a mix of NaH 2 PO 4 at 13.8 g / 1 and NaCl at 9 g / 1 (solution A) and (ii) 84 parts by volume of a mixture of Na2HPO 4 at 14.19
- a porous nitrocellulose membrane with a porosity of 0.40-0.50 ⁇ m is immersed (for example a membrane sold by the company called SCHLEICHER & SCHUELL with a porosity of 0.45 ⁇ m, reference: 439196) for 0.25-0.50 h , in an aqueous activating solution containing 0.1 M CH3COOH and 0.5 M NaHSO Dried at 40 ° C without rinsing.
- the immunological reagent referenced 5 ( Figures 1 and 5), 15 ( Figures 2 and 4) or 25 ( Figure 3) is fixed, immersing the nitrocellulose membrane (thus activated) for at least 1 h and at most 48 h and dried) in a buffer (i) carbonate at pH 8 (containing 0.012 M CO3 2 - and 0.15 M NaCl) or (ii) PBS at pH 7 (as in Preparation I above), said buffer containing 50 to 150 mg / ml of said immunological reagent.
- the immobilization of the immunological reagent is thus obtained in the mass of the membrane according to a surface concentration of 100 ⁇ g / cm 2 .
- the active sites of the membrane which are still free are then saturated, either as indicated in Preparation I with PVP or (preferably) REGILAIT, and fixed by means of distilled water containing 10% w / v of CH3COOH and 25% w / v isopropanol (if necessary). Rinse thoroughly with 0.05 M MES or PBS at pH 7 above. The remaining liquid is absorbed by placing the membrane between two sheets of filter paper and then tapping carefully. It is then dried in an oven at a temperature of 30-37 ° C, for at least 1 night.
- the membrane thus obtained can be kept as it is or cut into strips of dimensions identical to those of the strips of the membrane suppo ⁇ ant the non-immobilized conjugate of Preparation I above, for several months at
- a membrane comprising the D-glucose / glucose oxidase mixture
- a Immersed for 0.25-0.50 h, in an aqueous solution of TWEEN R at 5% w / v, a cellulose membrane (designated " filter No 122 ") sold by the company known as MEDIAS FILTRANTS, reference 011220013, with a porosity of 0.5 ⁇ m). It is dried overnight in an oven at 40 ° C. The membrane is then immersed in an aqueous bath containing 10% w / v of D-glucose, eca ⁇ e the supernatant liquid and then dried in an oven at 40 ° C. for 1 night.
- a membrane comprising D-glucose and a membrane comprising glucose oxidase is prepared as indicated in step (a) of Preparation III above.
- a membrane comprising glucose oxidase is prepared by using the aforementioned cellulose membrane ("filter No. 122") which is saturated with an aqueous solution of TWEEN R at 5% w / v and on which we then deposit 1 ⁇ l of glucose oxidase as indicated in step (b) of preparation III. Then dried at 37 ° C in an oven.
- IMMUNODYNE R membrane (porosity 0.45 ⁇ m; reference: BIA045HC5) at the level of pads materialized by a layer of preferably circular, an amount of 2.5 ⁇ l per pad of an alcoholic composition (ethanol) containing 5 g / 1 of TMB.
- the membrane is kept as it is or cut into strips of dimensions identical to those of the strips of Preparation I above, protected from light.
- a porous membrane is prepared in which the TMB is replaced by the mixture BCIP / NBT or respectively the methoxynaphthyl-galactoside.
- the multimembrane device according to the invention does not comprise the membrane 2 which has become superfluous having regard to the choice of the labeling enzyme for the non-immobilized conjugate.
- a multi-membrane device is prepared to prepare pre-cut strips, in accordance with FIG. 1 or in FIG. 6, comprising an assembly of:
- a porous membrane 2 according to preparation III above comprising a D-glucose / glucose oxidase mixture
- the porous membrane 2 can be replaced by a membrane comprising D-glucose and a membrane comprising glucose oxidase obtained according to preparation Illbis), and - a porous membrane 3 according to preparation IV above comprising the TMB.
- test is negative for DDi concentrations in the sample less than or equal to 0.2 ⁇ g / ml
- the test is doubtful for DDi concentrations in the sample between 0.2 ⁇ g / ml and 0.4 ⁇ g / ml
- the test is positive for DDi concentrations in the sample greater than or equal to 0.4 ⁇ g / ml.
- the device of FIG. 1 is reliable for any concentration of DDi greater than or equal to 0.4 ⁇ g / ml.
- the results show that the sensitivity is 1 pg / ml (i.e. the minimum detectable concentration reliably in DDi in the sample of 1 picogram per milliliter).
- a multimembrane device is prepared according to FIG. 7 using
- a porous nitrocellulose membrane containing in its mass an anti-monoclonal antico PAs (PAI-1), namely 7D4, - as porous revelation membranes 62 a first membrane containing the D-glucose / glucose oxidase mixture (alternatively, a membrane containing D-glucose and a membrane containing glucose oxidase may be used) and a second membrane containing TMB.
- PAs anti-monoclonal antico PAs
- a multimembrane device is used according to FIG. 6 or 7 operating according to the principle of FIGS. 2, 2a and 2b, with
- D-glucose / glucose oxidase (alternatively, a membrane containing D-glucose and a membrane containing glucose oxidase may be used) and a membrane containing TMB.
- a mixture consisting of an aqueous sample containing 0 to 1 ⁇ g / ml of DDi and a monoclonal or polyclonal anti-idiotype antibody directed against 2F7 and coupled to peroxidase is introduced.
- a multimembrane device is used according to FIG. 8 operating according to the principles of FIGS. 5, 5a and 5b, with: - as a first selective phase, an ULTRABIND R membrane (thickness 0.2 mm; porosity: 0.45 ⁇ m) containing in its mass a predetermined amount of the monoclonal antico ⁇ s 9C3 [ie anti monoclonal antico ⁇ s (DDi)] - this predetermined amount corresponds to the normal content of DDi in the plasma -,
- porous revelation membranes either a membrane containing the D-glucose / glucose oxidase mixture (alternatively a membrane containing D-glucose and a membrane containing glucose oxidase can be used) and a membrane containing TMB, or a membrane containing the MPB.
- a selective phase consisting of an IMMOBILON R membrane (thickness: 0.2 mm; porosity: 0.65 ⁇ m) containing in its mass, as immobilized immunological reagent, an anti-monoclonal antibody [F (ab ') 2] directed against the F (ab ') 2 fragment of an anti antico ⁇ s (HBsAg), and
- a porous membrane containing the D-glucose / glucose oxidase mixture (alternatively a membrane containing D-glucose and a membrane containing glucose oxidase can be used) and a porous membrane containing TMB.
- an aqueous mixture is introduced, consisting of a sample containing from 0 to 1 ⁇ g / ml of HBsAg and of a monoclonal antico ⁇ s directed against HBsAg and coupled to peroxidase.
- a multimembrane device is used according to FIG. 6 or 7 operating according to the principle of FIGS. 4, 4a and 4b, with a selective phase identical to that of Example 7 above and containing in its mass a first monoclonal antico ⁇ s directed against the first epitope of HBsAg, and
- Multi-membrane devices are prepared according to Example 3 for the determination of anti (HIVl), anti (HIV2) and anti (HIV3) antico l' becomess.
- the sensitivity of the determination which is 0.5 pg / ml allows the identification of each of these antico cess in saliva.
- a multimembrane device for the identification of Neisseria strains in the liquid of canned vegetables is prepared according to Example 8.
- the sensitivity is 2 pg / ml.
- the procedure is as indicated in Example 4 above, replacing the products DDi, 2F7-peroxidase (or 2F7-galactosidase) and 9C3 respectively by the products PAI-1, 7D4-colored latex and 7F5 respectively.
- the colored latex in the form of submicron particles having an average diameter of 40-45 nm replacing the abovementioned labeling enzyme E *, in one section. and using as assembly 62 one or two membranes devoid of enzyme developer, on the other hand.
- the membrane 81b of the selective phase is not located in the lumen of the window 68.
- the sensitivity of the determination of the excess of PAI-1 compared to normal is 0.1 pg / ml.
- the marking means E is constituted by colloidal gold, colloidal silver, colloidal gold doped with silver, or a colored latex which is in the form of microbeads with a diameter less than
- a selective phase consisting of an IMMOBILON R membrane (thickness: 0.2 mm; porosity: 0.65 ⁇ m) containing in its mass, as immobilized immunological reagent, an anti-monoclonal antibody [F (ab ') 2] directed against the fragment F (ab ') 2 ⁇ an ant i cor P s anti (HBsAb), and
- aqueous mixture consisting of a sample containing 0 to 1 ⁇ g / ml of HBsAb and a monoclonal antico ⁇ s directed against HBsAb and coupled to colloidal gold is introduced.
- a multimembrane device is used according to FIG. 6 or 7 operating according to the principle of FIGS. 2, 2a and 2b, with
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP7507390A JPH09502799A (ja) | 1993-08-25 | 1994-08-24 | マルチメンブランシステムを用いる免疫物質の固定方法 |
EP94925527A EP0715718A1 (fr) | 1993-08-25 | 1994-08-24 | Procede d'identification d'une substance immunologique au moyen d'un systeme multimembranaire |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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FR93/10237 | 1993-08-25 | ||
FR9310237A FR2709349B1 (fr) | 1993-08-25 | 1993-08-25 | Procédé d'identification d'une substance immunologique au moyen d'un système multimembranaire. |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO1995006252A1 true WO1995006252A1 (fr) | 1995-03-02 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/FR1994/001023 WO1995006252A1 (fr) | 1993-08-25 | 1994-08-24 | Procede d'identification d'une substance immunologique au moyen d'un systeme multimembranaire |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP0715718A1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JPH09502799A (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2709349B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1995006252A1 (fr) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1995033204A1 (fr) * | 1994-05-27 | 1995-12-07 | Bayer Aktiengesellschaft | Dosage immunologique d'antigenes a haut poids moleculaire |
US6048735A (en) * | 1996-12-05 | 2000-04-11 | Idego Aps | Sensor laminates and multi-sectioned fluid delivery devices for detecting by immunoassay target molecules in biological fluids |
US12188933B2 (en) | 2018-10-30 | 2025-01-07 | University Of The West Of England, Bristol | Tools for detecting cocoa swollen shoot virus coat protein antigen |
Families Citing this family (2)
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JP3622532B2 (ja) * | 1998-10-13 | 2005-02-23 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | 酵素免疫分析用試薬及びそれを用いた分析方法 |
JP5100541B2 (ja) * | 2008-07-04 | 2012-12-19 | 古河電気工業株式会社 | 標識粒子として、蛍光粒子と着色粒子とを含有するイムノクロマト法用コンジュゲートパッド、それを用いたイムノクロマト法用テストストリップおよび検査方法 |
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FR2514511A1 (fr) * | 1981-10-13 | 1983-04-15 | Liotta Lance | Dispositif et procede pour determiner la presence d'antigenes |
EP0280211A2 (fr) * | 1987-02-23 | 1988-08-31 | Roche Diagnostics GmbH | Procédé pour déterminer des anticorps |
FR2666898A1 (fr) | 1990-09-18 | 1992-03-20 | Toledano Jacques | Dispositif et procede de dosage rapide de recepteurs membranaires ou de leurs ligands. |
FR2667943A1 (fr) * | 1990-10-11 | 1992-04-17 | Toledano Jacques | Dispositif et procede pour la determination qualitative et quantitative rapide d'un ligand dans un fluide. |
-
1993
- 1993-08-25 FR FR9310237A patent/FR2709349B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1994
- 1994-08-24 EP EP94925527A patent/EP0715718A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 1994-08-24 WO PCT/FR1994/001023 patent/WO1995006252A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1994-08-24 JP JP7507390A patent/JPH09502799A/ja active Pending
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FR2514511A1 (fr) * | 1981-10-13 | 1983-04-15 | Liotta Lance | Dispositif et procede pour determiner la presence d'antigenes |
US4446232A (en) | 1981-10-13 | 1984-05-01 | Liotta Lance A | Enzyme immunoassay with two-zoned device having bound antigens |
EP0280211A2 (fr) * | 1987-02-23 | 1988-08-31 | Roche Diagnostics GmbH | Procédé pour déterminer des anticorps |
FR2666898A1 (fr) | 1990-09-18 | 1992-03-20 | Toledano Jacques | Dispositif et procede de dosage rapide de recepteurs membranaires ou de leurs ligands. |
FR2667943A1 (fr) * | 1990-10-11 | 1992-04-17 | Toledano Jacques | Dispositif et procede pour la determination qualitative et quantitative rapide d'un ligand dans un fluide. |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1995033204A1 (fr) * | 1994-05-27 | 1995-12-07 | Bayer Aktiengesellschaft | Dosage immunologique d'antigenes a haut poids moleculaire |
US6048735A (en) * | 1996-12-05 | 2000-04-11 | Idego Aps | Sensor laminates and multi-sectioned fluid delivery devices for detecting by immunoassay target molecules in biological fluids |
US12188933B2 (en) | 2018-10-30 | 2025-01-07 | University Of The West Of England, Bristol | Tools for detecting cocoa swollen shoot virus coat protein antigen |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH09502799A (ja) | 1997-03-18 |
FR2709349A1 (fr) | 1995-03-03 |
FR2709349B1 (fr) | 1995-10-27 |
EP0715718A1 (fr) | 1996-06-12 |
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