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WO1995005741A1 - Compositions insecticides de baculovirus - Google Patents

Compositions insecticides de baculovirus Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1995005741A1
WO1995005741A1 PCT/US1994/009405 US9409405W WO9505741A1 WO 1995005741 A1 WO1995005741 A1 WO 1995005741A1 US 9409405 W US9409405 W US 9409405W WO 9505741 A1 WO9505741 A1 WO 9505741A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
virus
composition according
nuclear polyhedrosis
insect
solution
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1994/009405
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English (en)
Inventor
John Lindsey Flexner
David Alexander Marsden
Daniel Wallace Sherrod
Original Assignee
E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company filed Critical E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company
Priority to AU76347/94A priority Critical patent/AU7634794A/en
Publication of WO1995005741A1 publication Critical patent/WO1995005741A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
    • A01N63/40—Viruses, e.g. bacteriophages

Definitions

  • This invention pertains to insecticidal compositions comprising insect baculoviruses and agents that induce insecticidal, growth-regulatory, and/or anti-feedant effects, and their use to control insects in both agronomic and nonagronomic environments. These compositions afford effective biological control of agronomically important insect pests, and result in significantly reduced crop damage.
  • Biological agents are often more attractive than traditional chemical means for control of insect pests. Bacterial, viral, and fungal agents, as well as predatory nematodes, can provide effective control of target pest populations in an environmentally benign manner. The disclosed combinations of biological agents with natural or synthetic chemical agents afford superior insect control through the combined effects of each component.
  • Insecticidal activity of baculoviruses is dependent upon intracellular replication and accumulation of viral particles to levels which compromise cellular function and integrity, and upon spread of the virus within the host.
  • the time lapse from the initiation of infection to the onset of death is therefore dependent upon the size of the initial inoculum and the virulence of the virus, but usually ranges from 4 to 20 days or longer.
  • infected insects continue to consume plant material, resulting in substantial crop damage before effective suppression of insect activity is achieved.
  • insect baculoviruses although capable of controlling a target population, may do so only after considerable crop damage has occurred. Agents that inhibit insect activity, especially feeding, during the latent period following initial infection are in great demand.
  • U.S. Patent No. 4,668,511 discloses a baculovirus from Spodoptera littoralis or Mamestra brassicae and a photostable pyrethrinoid for control of Noctuid lepidoptera.
  • U.S. Patent No. 5,075,111 discloses a baculovirus from Mamestra brassicae and a pyrethrinoid for control of Plutella xylostella.
  • Luttrell et al., J Economic Entomology, (1979), 72(1), 57-60 discloses a polyhedrosis virus of Heliothis zea and permethrin or methomyl for control of Heliothis zea.
  • Ramakrishnan et al., Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., India (1975), 46(B), I & II, 110-116, J. Era. Res., (1978), 2(1) and J Ent. Res., (1983), 7(2), 173-179 disclose a nuclear polyhedrosis virus of Spodoptera litura in combination with pyrethrin.
  • Mohamed et al., J. Entomol. Sci., (1989), 24(4), 539-544 disclose a cytoplasmic virus of Heliothis virescens in combination with methomyl.
  • U.S. Patent No. 5,124,149 discloses the use of fluorescent brighteners to accelerate the rate of gypsy moth mortality caused by Lymantria dispar nuclear polyhedrosis virus.
  • This invention pertains to insecticidal compositions comprising at least one of a select group of baculoviruses and at least one of a select group of chemical or biological agents. These compositions effectively control target insect populations while minimizing plant tissue destruction.
  • the insect baculoviruses are selected from the group: multiply occluded nuclear polyhedrosis virus of Autographa californica (AcMNPV, Acal® ), multiply occluded nuclear polyhedrosis virus of Spodoptera exigua (SeMNPV, Spod-X® ), singly occluded nuclear polyhedrosis virus of Heliothis armigera (HaSNPN , singly occluded nuclear polyhedrosis virus of Heliothis zea (HzS ⁇ PN), granulosis virus of Plutella xylostella (PxGN), nuclear polyhedrosis virus of Heliothis virescens (Hv ⁇ PN), nuclear polyhedrosis virus of Anticarsia gemmatalis (AgM ⁇ PV), nuclear polyhedrosis virus of Anagraphafalcifera (AfM ⁇ PV), and granulosis virus of Cydia pomonella (CpGV).
  • That term includes both chemical and biological materials and encompasses natural and synthetic materials employed at doses at which they act to control insects by virtue of their antifeedant properties.
  • natural insect antifeedants are ubiquitous, their utility as insecticidal products has been limited due to their non-lethal character. Accordingly, application of insect antifeedants temporarily suspends insect feeding for a limited period of time. However, once the product has degraded, feeding continues unabated. It should therefore be appreciated that the primary benefit of this invention is achieved by the complementary balance between the chemical agent and virus such that significant crop protection is afforded at relatively low rates of chemical agents.
  • the chemical agent is employed at the minimum level necessary to discourage feeding until the virus effects mortality.
  • compositions of this invention comprise one or more of the viruses: AcMNPV, SeMNPV;
  • HzSNPV and HaSNPV with one or more of the chemical agents: methomyl, esfenvalerate, and azadirachtin, one of the active ingredients of the Neem tree extract.
  • the viruses employed in the compositions of this invention are available commercially or can be isolated from infected insect populations by known methods. Harvested viruses can be incubated and reproduced as will be obvious to one skilled in the art.
  • For leading references to the isolation, characterization and harvesting of baculoviruses see Shapiro, M. In The Biology of Baculoviruses; Grandos, R. R. and Federici, B. A., Ed.; CRC Press: Boca Raton, FL, 1986; pp 31-62; Adams, J. R. and Bonami, J. R. In Atlas of Invertebrate Viruses; Adams, J. R. and Bonami, J. R., Ed.; CRC Press: Boca Raton, FL, 1991; pp 9-30; and Viruses of Invertebrates; Kurstak, E., Ed., Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York, NY, 1991.
  • Contemplated carbamates include: bendiocarb, butocarboxime, butoxycarboxime, carbofuran, carbosulfan, carbaryl, cloethocarb, fenobucarb, isoprocarb, methomyl, oxamyl, pirimicarb, promecarb and thiodicarb.
  • Contemplated pyrethroids include: deltamethrin, cypermethrin, cyfluthrin, fenvalerate, esfenvalerate, flucythrinate, permethrin, tralomethrin and cyhalothrin.
  • nitromethylenes and nitroguanidines such as imidacloprid, triazinones such as pymetrozine, thioureas such as diafenthiuron, hydrazids such as tebufenozide, and pyrroles such as 4-bromo-2-(4-chlorophenyl)-l-(ethoxymethyl)-5- (trifluoromethyl)pyrrole-3-carbonitrile.
  • Contemplated insect antifeedants include: azadirachtin, Amitraz® , 2-benzoxazolinone, 6-methoxy-2-benzoxazolinone, chlorodimeform HC1, guazatine triacetate, glaucolide, pennyroyal oil, toxol, toxyl angelate, ajugarin I, L-alanine, DL- ⁇ -aminobutyric acid, L-cystine, fentin acetate, fentin hydroxide, friedelin, gossypol, L-histidine, L-methionine, plumbagin, polygodial, salannin, L-serine, triphenyltin hydroxide, L-tyrosine, ugandensidial, warburganal, absinthin, angelicin, bergapten, caryoptin, caryoptionol, clerodendrin, dictamnine, dihydrocaryoptin, evo
  • the most preferred insect antifeedants are extracts from the Neem tree, a tree from the Meliaceae family, Azadirachta indica, which are potent natural insecticides.
  • the most active ingredient is thought to be azadirachtin; however, several other insecticidal components have been isolated from Neem such as salannin and meliantriol.
  • Neem is used throughout to mean antifeedant extracts from the Neem tree.
  • Wettable Powder insecticide baculovirus 65.0% dodecylphenol polyethylene glycol ether 2.0% sodium ligninsulfonate 4.0% sodium silicoaluminate 6.0% montmorillonite (calcined) 23.0%.
  • Example Gr nule insecticide/ baculovirus 10.0% attapulgite granules (low volatile matter, 0.71/0.30 mm; U.S.S. No.
  • Example C Extruded Pellet insecticide/baculovirus 25.0% anhydrous sodium sulfate 10.0% crude calcium ligninsulfonate 5.0% sodium alkylnaphthalenesulfonate 1.0% calcium/magnesium bentonite 59.0%.
  • the compositions of this invention exhibit activity against a wide spectrum of foliar-feeding, fruit-feeding, stem feeding and seed-feeding lepidopterous pests which are pests of growing and stored agronomic crops, forestry, greenhouse crops, ornamentals, nursery crops, stored food and fiber products, and households. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that not all compositions are equally effective against all growth stages of all pests.
  • compositions of this invention display activity against eggs, larvae and adults of the Order Lepidoptera.
  • the compositions are active against fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda), tobacco budworm (Heliothis virescens), corn earworm (Heliothis zea), American bollworm (Heliothis armigera), beet armyworm (Spodoptera exigua), diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella) and cabbage looper (Trichoplusia ni).
  • compositions of this invention can also be mixed with one or more other insecticides, fungicides, acaricides, or other biologically active compounds to form a multi-component pesticide giving an even broader spectrum of agricultural protection.
  • insecticides such as avermectin B, monocrotophos, tetrachlorvinphos, malathion, parathion-methyl, diazinon, profenofos, sulprofos, triflumuron, diflubenzuron, methoprene, buprofezin, thiodicarb, acephate, azinphosmethyl, chlorpyrifos, dimethoate, fipronil, flufenprox, fonophos, isofenphos, methidathion, metha-midophos, phosmet, phosphamidon, phosalone, pirimicarb, phorate, terbufos, trichlorfon, methoxychlor, bifenthrin, biphenate, tefluthrin, fenpropathrin, fluvalinate, imidacloprid
  • combinations with other insecticides having a similiar spectrum of control but a different mode of action will be particularly advantageous for resistance management.
  • Lepidopterous pests are controlled and protection of agronomic, horticultural and specialty crops, animal and human health is achieved by applying one or more of the compositions of this invention, in an effective amount, to the environment of the pests including the agronomic and/or nonagronomic locus of infestation, to the area to be protected, or directly on the pests to be controlled.
  • the present invention is not limited to joint application of the baculovirus and arthropodicide, that is, as a mixture.
  • a variant of this method is application of the baculovirus component followed by application of the arthropodicide component, or vice versa.
  • the present invention further comprises a method for the control of insects and protection of agronomic and/or nonagronomic crops, comprising applying one or more of the compositions containing at least one baculovirus and at least one insecticide, in an effective amount, to the environment of the pests including the agronomic and/or nonagronomic locus of infestation, to the area to be protected, or directly on the pests to be controlled or successive applications of two compositions, one composition containing one or more baculoviruses the other composition containing at least one of the defined insecticides, the successive applications being conducted in either order.
  • a preferred method of application is by spraying.
  • granular formulations of these compounds can be applied to the plant foliage or the soil.
  • Other methods of application include direct and residual sprays, aerial sprays, seed coats, microencapsulations, systemic uptake, -14-
  • compositions can be incorporated into baits that are consumed by the insects or in devices such as traps and the like.
  • compositions of this invention can be applied in their pure state, but most often application will be of a formulation comprising one or more baculoviruses and one or more insecticides with suitable carriers, diluents, and surfactants and possibly in combination with a food (bait) depending on the contemplated end use.
  • a preferred method of application involves spraying a water dispersion or refined oil solution of the compounds. Combinations with spray oils, spray oil concentrations, spreader stickers, adjuvants, solvents, and synergists often enhance compound efficacy.
  • the rate of application required for effective control will depend on such factors as the species of insect to be controlled, the pest's life cycle, life stage, its size, location, time of year, host crop or animal, feeding behavior, mating behavior, ambient moisture, temperature, and the like. Under normal circumstances, application rates of about 0.01 to 0.05 kg of active ingredient per hectare are sufficient to control pests in agronomic ecosystems, but as little as 0.001 kg/hectare may be sufficient or as much as 1 kg hectare may be required. For nonagronomic applications, effective use rates will range from about 1.0 to 50 mg/square meter but as little as 0.1 mg/square meter may be sufficient or as much as 150 mg/square meter may be required. The following tests demonstrate the control efficacy of compounds of this invention on specific pests. The pest control protection afforded by the compounds is not limited, however, to these species.
  • Test Protocol for Tests A-C Baculoviruses were obtained from Crop Genetics International (10150 Old Columbia Road, Columbia, MD, 21046) as freeze-dried samples. Methomyl and esfenvalerate were used as 40% active wettable powder. Neem was acquired from Agridyne Technologies Inc. (417 Wakava Way, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84108) as a 3% azardirachtin active emulsif ⁇ able concentrate (Azatin® ).
  • Stock solutions of Spodoptera exigua were prepared by adding 50 mg of virus (2.75 x 10 9 occlusion bodies per gram) to 50 mL of distilled water or 10 mg to 100 mL of distilled water to obtain a 1000 or 100 ppm solutions, respectively.
  • Esfenvalerate stock solution was prepared by dissolving 50 mg in 100 mL of water to obtain a 200 ppm stock solution.
  • the test solutions were prepared by diluting the stock solutions with water or by combining the stock solutions and diluting with water.
  • a stock solution of Spod-X® was prepared by adding 10 mg of virus (2.75 x 10 9 occlusion bodies per gram) to
  • a fenvalerate stock solution was prepared by dissolving 10 mg of 97% technical material in 50 mL of a 3 : 1 acetone: water solution. This was then diluted with 150 mL of water to obtain a 50 ppm viral solution. To 100 mL of this solution was added 11.1 mL of the Spod-X® stock solution to yield a solution that was 45 ppm fenvalerate and 10 ppm Spod-X® . To the remaining 100 mL of the fenvalerate solution was added 11.1 mL of water to obtain a 45 ppm fenvalerate solution. A stock solution of Nu-Film-17 (Miller Chemical and
  • Fertilization was prepared by adding 50 mL of Nu-Film-17 to 50 mL of water. To each of the treatment solutions was added 556 ⁇ l of the Nu-Film-17 stock solution. In addition, 556 ⁇ l of the Nu-Film-17 stock solution was added to 111.1 mL of distilled water to yield 0.25% Nu-Film-17 treatment solution.
  • Four- week old soybean plants grown in 4-inch square (10.16 cm 2 ) pots were sprayed to run-off with 50 mL of the test solutions containing either the virus, the insecticide, the insecticide plus virus, or sticker-spreader alone.
  • the plants were allowed to dry and 1.5 inch (3.81 cm) diameter leaf disks were excised from the plant and placed, one disk per well, into 16-well HIS (high impact styrene) trays.
  • the bottom of each cell contained a 1 x 0.75 inch (2.54 x 1.91 cm) piece of water-moistened filter paper. Adequate precautions were taken to ensure that there was no cross- contamination between treatments.
  • Three-day old insects of uniform size were selected and transferred to the plant disks, one insect per disk. After the insects were transferred, the HIS trays were placed in a dark 27°C incubator for the remainder of the test. Mortality assessments were made at 48, 96 and 120 h. Only the 120 h data is reported.
  • Leaf area consumed is an average of the 16 leaf disks per tray.
  • Test Protocol E Neem extract was obtained from Agridyne Technologies Inc. (417 Wakava Way,
  • a stock solution of 1000 ppm Azatin® was prepared by adding 333 ⁇ l of formulated Azatin® to 9.7 mL distilled water.
  • a 200 ppm solution of Azatin® was then prepared by diluting 10 mL of this stock solution in 40 mL of distilled water.
  • a 1000 ppm stock solution of Acal® was prepared by adding 50 mgs of Acal® to 50 mL of distilled water. Polyhedra were counted using the technique described below.
  • Occlusion body (OB) counts were 2.5 X 10 6 OBs/mL (2500 OBs/ ⁇ l) in the 1000 ppm stock solution of Acal® . One mL of this solution was diluted in 9 mL water to yield a 250 OBs/ ⁇ l solution.
  • the virus dose was delivered in 5 ⁇ l volumes.
  • 50 ⁇ l of insect diet diluted 1 :3 with distilled water was placed into the wells of a 128 well bioassay tray. The diet preparation is described below. The diet plugs are allowed to solidify and then innoculated with l ⁇ l of the 250 OBs/ ⁇ l virus dose. The trays were then placed under heat lamps and allowed to dry for 10 minutes.
  • OBs/ml avg. count x 5 xlO ⁇ x dilution factor.
  • Standard Lepidoptera Diet Preparation An agar mixture was prepared by combining 1000 mL of water, 37 g of bacto agar and 68 g of sucrose crystals in a 5-liter beaker. The beaker was then placed into a microwave oven and heated until the solution became clear.
  • a flour mixture was prepared by mixing 78 g of soy flour, 68 g of wheat germ flour, 19 g of wesson salt mix, 10 g of alphacel and 700 mL of water.
  • An acid mixture was prepared by combining 2 g of sorbic acid, 10 g of methyl paraben, 8 g of ascorbic acid, 23 of vitamin mix and 5 mL of propionic/phosphoric acid mix.
  • the propionic/phosphoric acid mixture was prepared by combining a mixure of 418 mL of propionic acid in 82 mL distilled water with a mixture of 42 mL phosphoric acid in 458 mL distilled water.
  • the flour and acid mixtures from above were placed into a 10-quart (11.01 L) diet cooker (Groen TDB 6-10) and stirred at medium to high speed.
  • the heated Agar preparation was then placed into the diet cooker and the contents of the diet cooker were stirred for 15 minutes.
  • This diet mixture was then transferred to a 15-quart (16.52 L) stainless steel pot and kept at 50° C in a water bath.
  • the diet mixture was stirred continuously during the bioassay process. Antibiotics were withheld from the diet to prevent interaction with microorganisms.
  • a 1 ppm test solution of Spod-X® was prepared by combining 6 mL of the 100 ppm stock solution of Spod-X® with 594 mL of distilled water. The stock solution of esfenvalerate was diluted with water to obtain a test solution of 100 and 12.5 ppm. A solution containing both Spod-X® and esfenvalerate was prepared by mixing 50 mg of esfenvalerate and 100 mL of the 1 ppm Spod-X® test solution.
  • 100 ppm stock solution of Spod-X® with 50 mL of distilled water 100 ppm stock solution of Spod-X® with 50 mL of distilled water.
  • a 100 ppm solution of methomyl was prepared by combining 250 mg of methomyl and 100 mL of water. To 25 mL of this solution was added to 25 mL of water to obtain a 50 ppm solution. To this, 8.8 mL of the Spod-X® solution was then added to yield 42.5 ppm methomyl/ 15 ppm Spod-X® solution. To each test solution was added 294 ⁇ l of the Nu-Film-17 stock solution. Results of this experiment are presented below, rounded to the nearest whole number.
  • methomyl and virus at the indicated rates effected 100% insect mortality at 120 h with substantially zero damage to the plant.
  • TES C Neem extract plus virus of Spodoptera exigua (SeMNPV on beet armyworm Spod-X (30 mg) in 10 mL of water was sonicated to aid in dispersion. To this mixture was added 90 mL of water to obtain a 300 ppm solution. 10 mL of this solution was combined with 90 mL of water to yield a 30 ppm Spod-X® solution. To 25 mL of this solution was added 25 mL of water to obtain a 15 ppm solution of Spod-X® . A 1000 ppm solution of Azatin® was prepared by adding 333 ⁇ l of Azatin® to 9.7 mL of water.
  • This solution was further diluted with 90 mL of water to yield a 100 ppm Azatin® solution.
  • This solution was further diluted to obtain 50, 25, 12.5, 6.25, 3.1, and 1.6 ppm solutions of Azatin® .
  • the 25 mL of the 50 ppm solution of Azatin® was combined with 25 mL of 30 ppm Spod-X® solution to yield a solution of 25 ppm Azatin® and 15 ppm Spod-X® solution. Results are as reported hereafter to the nearest whole number.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Virology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
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  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Abstract

Compositions insecticides et leur utilisation afin de lutter contre les insectes et de limiter les dégâts occasionnés aux récoltes, comprenant un ou plusieurs baculovirus et des agents exerçant des effets insecticides, régulateurs de croissance et/ou anti-alimentation, ledit agent étant efficace pour limiter l'alimentation des insectes jusqu'à ce qu'ils soient détruits par le virus.
PCT/US1994/009405 1993-08-25 1994-08-24 Compositions insecticides de baculovirus WO1995005741A1 (fr)

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AU76347/94A AU7634794A (en) 1993-08-25 1994-08-24 Insect baculovirus compositions

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US11179993A 1993-08-25 1993-08-25
US08/111,799 1993-08-25
US23754194A 1994-05-03 1994-05-03
US08/237,541 1994-05-03

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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WO1996003048A1 (fr) * 1994-07-27 1996-02-08 American Cyanamid Company Virus d'insectes genetiquement modifies en melange avec des insecticides chimiques et biologiques et permettant d'ameliorer la lutte contre les insectes
WO1996028023A3 (fr) * 1995-03-13 1997-01-09 Abbott Lab Synergistes de la delta-endotoxine de bacillus thuringiensis
EP0768824A4 (fr) * 1994-07-05 1998-12-09 Univ California Procede de lutte contre les insectes au moyen de biopesticides obtenus par genie genetique
US6596271B2 (en) 1996-07-12 2003-07-22 The Regents Of The University Of California Insect control method with genetically engineered biopesticides
WO2017174430A1 (fr) * 2016-04-06 2017-10-12 Bayer Cropscience Aktiengesellschaft Combinaison de virus de la polyédrose nucléaire et de diamides
US9872494B2 (en) 2010-12-01 2018-01-23 Bayer Intellectual Property Gmbh Active ingredient combinations comprising pyridylethylbenzamides and other active ingredients

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BIOLOGICAL ABSTRACTS, vol. 65, Philadelphia, PA, US; abstract no. 51581, MICROBIOL EXP STATION: "Observations on the nuclear polyhedrosis virus of the cotton bollworm and its field tests in the bollworm control." *
BIOLOGICAL ABSTRACTS, vol. 86, Philadelphia, PA, US; abstract no. 68459, R.P. JAQUES: "Field tests on control of the imported cabbageworm and the cabbage looper by mixtures of microbial and chemical insecticides." *
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R.G. LUTTRELL ET AL.: "Laboratory and field studies on the efficacy of selected chemical insecticide-Elcar combinations against heliothis spp.", JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY, vol. 72, 1979, COLLEGE PARK, MARYLAND US, pages 57 - 60 *
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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0768824A4 (fr) * 1994-07-05 1998-12-09 Univ California Procede de lutte contre les insectes au moyen de biopesticides obtenus par genie genetique
US6344193B1 (en) 1994-07-05 2002-02-05 The Regents Of The University Of California Insect control method with genetically engineered biopesticides
WO1996003048A1 (fr) * 1994-07-27 1996-02-08 American Cyanamid Company Virus d'insectes genetiquement modifies en melange avec des insecticides chimiques et biologiques et permettant d'ameliorer la lutte contre les insectes
AU708560B2 (en) * 1994-07-27 1999-08-05 American Cyanamid Company Mixtures of genetically modified insect viruses with chemical and biological insecticides for enhanced insect control
WO1996028023A3 (fr) * 1995-03-13 1997-01-09 Abbott Lab Synergistes de la delta-endotoxine de bacillus thuringiensis
US6596271B2 (en) 1996-07-12 2003-07-22 The Regents Of The University Of California Insect control method with genetically engineered biopesticides
US9872494B2 (en) 2010-12-01 2018-01-23 Bayer Intellectual Property Gmbh Active ingredient combinations comprising pyridylethylbenzamides and other active ingredients
WO2017174430A1 (fr) * 2016-04-06 2017-10-12 Bayer Cropscience Aktiengesellschaft Combinaison de virus de la polyédrose nucléaire et de diamides

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