WO1995005267A1 - Use of alkali-metal silicates as water-soluble dry blast-cleaning abrasives - Google Patents
Use of alkali-metal silicates as water-soluble dry blast-cleaning abrasives Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1995005267A1 WO1995005267A1 PCT/EP1994/002646 EP9402646W WO9505267A1 WO 1995005267 A1 WO1995005267 A1 WO 1995005267A1 EP 9402646 W EP9402646 W EP 9402646W WO 9505267 A1 WO9505267 A1 WO 9505267A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- silicates
- alkali metal
- use according
- blasting
- water
- Prior art date
Links
- 229910052910 alkali metal silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 title claims description 21
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 title abstract description 11
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000019351 sodium silicates Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 lithium silicates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052936 alkali metal sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000013 Ammonium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000288 alkali metal carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 235000012538 ammonium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000003276 Apios tuberosa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010744 Arachis villosulicarpa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000133018 Panax trifolius Species 0.000 description 1
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000191 radiation effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005029 sieve analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;hydron;carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC(O)=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C11/00—Selection of abrasive materials or additives for abrasive blasts
- B24C11/005—Selection of abrasive materials or additives for abrasive blasts of additives, e.g. anti-corrosive or disinfecting agents in solid, liquid or gaseous form
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C11/00—Selection of abrasive materials or additives for abrasive blasts
Definitions
- Alkali metal silicates as water-soluble dry abrasives
- the invention relates to the use of alkali metal silicates as water-soluble blasting media for dry blasting of surfaces.
- the cleaning of surfaces by blasting with abrasive particles is a technically well-established process.
- the processes can be divided into wet and dry blasting processes.
- wet blasting a liquid, usually water, is directed alone or with solid particles suspended therein under pressure onto the surface to be cleaned.
- dry blasting the abrasive particles are usually shot onto the surface to be treated in a gas stream, usually air, which emerges from a nozzle under pressure.
- a carrier gas flow can be dispensed with if the blasting agent is accelerated by mechanical force, for example by centrifugal force.
- the aim of blasting surfaces is to free the surfaces from adhering coatings, such as paints, corrosion products, sealing materials, oil, coal and other combustion residues.
- the coverings should be removed effectively, but the surfaces themselves should be damaged as little as possible. This works particularly well if the hardness of the blasting medium is between the hardness of the substrate and the lower hardness of the coverings. Accordingly, suitable blasting methods and abrasives will be selected depending on the hardness of the coverings and the surfaces.
- a compilation of common abrasives, blasting methods and components of blasting devices can be found in: "Metal Finishing", 59th Guidebook Directory Issue 1991, Volume 89, No. 1A, pages 64 to 72.
- the blasting media can generally be divided into water-soluble and water-insoluble blasting media.
- Typical water-insoluble abrasives are sand, glass balls, metal grains, aluminum oxide, or softer organic materials, such as ground nut shells. These water-insoluble abrasives have the disadvantage that they can adhere to recesses, such as boreholes, on complicatedly shaped surfaces, from which they cannot be removed again. This is particularly critical when the blasted parts are to be assembled into movable structural units, such as motors or gears. Abrasive residues can then hinder the functionality of the components.
- blasting media that volatilize themselves after use. Examples of this are blasting with ice or dry ice grains.
- these abrasives meet the requirements for freedom from residues, they have the disadvantage that converting the abrasive, which is liquid or gaseous under normal conditions, to the solid state requires a high expenditure of energy.
- This also applies to the blasting agent dry ice: although this solidifies in part when it emerges from a nozzle, the energy required to cool down to the solidification point is applied in that part of the compressed ice Carbon dioxide is expanded to normal pressure and is thereby lost as an abrasive.
- water-soluble blasting agents are preferably used.
- a number of requirements must be made of suitable water-soluble abrasives. They must have the correct hardness for the respective blasting material, must not tend to cake and in particular must not cause any signs of corrosion on the irradiated, for example metallic, surfaces. Such conditions severely restrict the selection of available water-soluble abrasives.
- US-A-5 112 406 describes the use of sodium sulfate as a water-soluble abrasive.
- the size of the salt particles should be between 50 and 100 ⁇ .
- the salt particles can be coated with hydrophobic silica or with hydrophobic polysiloxane.
- WO 91/15308 describes the use of crystalline sodium bicarbonate as a blasting agent, the average particle diameter should be between 100 and 500 ⁇ m, and the particles can also be coated with hydrophobic silica.
- Urea (GB-A-2 119 298) or glass-like polysaccharide (DE-A-40 13074), for example, are proposed as water-soluble organic blasting agents.
- a suitable blasting medium is particularly critical if the blasted surfaces are reactive and tend to corrode. This is for example in the case of components Aluminum or magnesium the case. In such cases, the blasting agent must not only have the hardness suitable for the particular combination of surface covering and substrate, but also have anticorrosive properties at the same time.
- the present invention is based on the object of a new abrasive for dry blasting surfaces, in particular metallic surfaces, preferably surfaces made of iron, copper, zinc, titanium, magnesium, aluminum and their alloys, which are particularly contaminated with sealing materials, adhesive residues , Paints and varnishes, corrosion products, lubricant residues or combustion residues.
- the blasting center1 must not lead to corrosion of the blasted surfaces and must be easily removable from depressions such as blind holes and bores by aqueous cleaning.
- alkali metal silicates as water-soluble blasting media for dry blasting of surfaces.
- Alkali metal silicates are used which are selected from one or more of the groups a) lithium silicates, b) sodium silicates, c) potassium silicates, preferably from the group of sodium silicates.
- the alkali metal silicates used are preferably X-ray amorphous. This means that they do not produce sharp reflections in X-ray diffraction experiments, which indicates the absence of a crystalline structure.
- the water-soluble abrasives used are those which contain sodium silicate as the only silicate and this in X-ray amorphous form.
- Sodium silicates are particularly suitable, the one Composition 60 to 65 wt .-% SiÜ2, 17 to 21 wt .-% Na2 ⁇ and 23 to 14 wt .-% H2O.
- alkali metal silicates When using alkali metal silicates according to the invention, use is made of the known property of soluble silicates to have a corrosion-inhibiting effect on metallic surfaces. Because of these corrosion-inhibiting properties and the known dispersibility for dirt in aqueous liquors, soluble silicates are a common component of detergents and cleaning agents. In this case, they develop their action in aqueous solution, so that this use in detergents and cleaning agents has no relation to the use for dry blasting surfaces.
- WO 93/06950 describes a process for stripping paint from aluminum surface, in which an aqueous solution of sodium silicate is used in addition to solid particles of metal hydrogen carbonate.
- GB-B-1 538 433 describes a process for cleaning surfaces by wet blasting with a high-pressure water jet, in which at least partially water-soluble sodium silicate is added to the water jet. The cleaning action is based above all on the water jet, the sodium silicate being used to support the cleaning action. This does not anticipate or suggest the use of water-soluble sodium silicates as dry abrasives according to the invention.
- alkali metal silicates are particularly suitable for use as water-soluble abrasives for dry blasting of surfaces, which at least 80% by weight consist of grains with a diameter of ⁇ 0.4 mm, preferably ⁇ 0.2 mm. On the other hand, at least 80% by weight of the alkali metal silicates to be used should consist of grains with a diameter> 0.05 mm.
- Alkali metal silicates suitable for use as water-soluble abrasives for dry blasting surfaces are known as such in the art. This includes, for example, products that are obtained by spray drying soda water glass solutions. They are used, for example, as components of detergents and cleaners, on the one hand, their properties as alkaline builders, ie. H. the dirt dispersing and carrying capacity, on the other hand their corrosion-inhibiting properties can be exploited.
- the use of pure alkali metal silicates as water-soluble abrasives for dry blasting of surfaces is preferred.
- “Pure” is to be understood here as meaning that no further foreign phases are added to the alkali metal silicates, but that these silicates may have impurities due to the production process. If desired, for example to meet certain hardness requirements, it is possible, however, to combine the alkali metal silicates with other water-soluble agents for dry blasting known in the prior art. In such cases, the corrosion-inhibiting effect of the silicates is particularly useful.
- the alkali metal silicates can, for example, be combined with one or more substances selected from d) alkali metal or ammonium sulfate, preferably sodium sulfate, e) Alkali metal or onium hydrogen carbonate, preferably
- the mechanical properties of the alkali metal silicates and their corrosion-inhibiting action come into play in particular when they are used as water-soluble abrasives for dry blasting of metallic surfaces, preferably surfaces made of iron, copper, zinc, titanium, magnesium or alloys which consist of at least 50% by weight of one of these elements, and in particular of surfaces made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
- metallic surfaces preferably surfaces made of iron, copper, zinc, titanium, magnesium or alloys which consist of at least 50% by weight of one of these elements, and in particular of surfaces made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
- surfaces of used engine, engine, turbine and / or gear parts that is to say aggregates which, after use, are to be dismantled, cleaned and reused.
- the blasting agent can be easily and completely removed from depressions such as blind holes, bores, threads etc. using aqueous cleaners.
- the detached blasting agent residues do not lead to a premature exhaustion of the cleaner, but rather contribute to an intensification of the cleaning action due to the known builder properties of soluble silicates.
- Even if the use of soluble silicates according to the invention is aimed at blasting surfaces susceptible to corrosion, however, use for blasting other substrate materials is also possible. This includes, for example, substrates made of plastics or ceramic materials.
- the alkali metal silicates can be collected after their use as abrasives and can be used again as abrasives after the separation of fine grains that have broken.
- a particular advantage of the use according to the invention is that the alkali metal silicates do not have to be discarded as abrasive after use or after they have become unusable, but can be passed on for further use, for example as components for alkaline cleaning baths.
- alkali metal silicates according to the invention has been tested on used assembly parts made of die-cast aluminum alloy. Examples are gearbox covers with dirt and gasket residues and cylinder heads with coked combustion chambers.
- a spray-dried water glass (P3-saxin R 5502, Henkel KGaA, Düsseldorf) of the composition was used as the blasting agent
- the grain size distribution was determined by sieve analysis and was
- the blasting tests were carried out using a commercial compressed air blasting device (from Sata), which is normally used for sandblasting. After blasting, the blasted parts were washed with a commercially available aqueous neutral detergent. Afterwards, the parts had a perfect metallic appearance with an undamaged surface. No traces of corrosion could be found.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Cleaning And De-Greasing Of Metallic Materials By Chemical Methods (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
Abstract
Proposed is the use of alkali-metal silicates, in particular sodium silicates which preferably are amorphous to X-rays, alone or mixed with salt-like or organic components, as water-soluble blast-cleaning agents for the dry blast-cleaning of surfaces, in particular surfaces of iron, copper, zinc, titanium, magnesium, aluminium or alloys of these metals.
Description
"Alkalimetallsilicate als wasserlösliche Trockenstrahlmittel""Alkali metal silicates as water-soluble dry abrasives"
Die Erfindung betrifft die Verwendung von Alkalimetallsilicaten als wasserlösliche Strahlmittel zum Trockenstrahlen von Oberflächen.The invention relates to the use of alkali metal silicates as water-soluble blasting media for dry blasting of surfaces.
Die Reinigung von Oberflächen durch Strahlen mit abrasiven Parti¬ keln ist ein technisch wohl eingeführter Prozeß. Die Verfahren lassen sich in Naß- und Trockenstrahlverfahren einteilen. Beim Naßstrahlen wird eine Flüssigkeit, in der Regel Wasser, alleine oder mit darin suspendierten festen Partikeln unter Druck auf die zu reinigende Oberfläche gerichtet. Beim Trockenstrahlen werden die Strahlmittelkörner meistens in einem unter Druck aus einer Düse austretendem Gasstrom, üblicherweise Luft, auf die zu behandelnde Oberfläche geschossen. Auf einen Trägergasstrom kann man verzich¬ ten, wenn man das Strahlmittel durch mechanische Krafteinwirkung, beispielsweise durch Fliehkraft, beschleunigt.The cleaning of surfaces by blasting with abrasive particles is a technically well-established process. The processes can be divided into wet and dry blasting processes. In wet blasting, a liquid, usually water, is directed alone or with solid particles suspended therein under pressure onto the surface to be cleaned. In the case of dry blasting, the abrasive particles are usually shot onto the surface to be treated in a gas stream, usually air, which emerges from a nozzle under pressure. A carrier gas flow can be dispensed with if the blasting agent is accelerated by mechanical force, for example by centrifugal force.
Das Ziel des Strahlens von Oberflächen besteht darin, die Oberflä¬ chen von festhaftenden Belägen, wie beispielsweise Anstrichen, Korrosionsprodukten, Dichtungsmaterialien, Öl, Kohle und anderen Verbrennungsrückständen, zu befreien. Dabei sollen die Beläge wirksam entfernt, die Oberflächen selbst jedoch möglichst wenig beschädigt werden. Dies gelingt dann besonders gut, wenn die Härte des Strahlmittels zwischen der Härte des Substrats und der
geringeren Härte der Beläge liegt. Dementsprechend wird man je nach der Härte der Beläge und der Oberflächen geeignete Strahlverfahren und Strahlmittel auswählen. Eine Zusammenstellung gebräuchlicher Strahlmittel, Strahlverfahren und Komponenten von Strahlgeräten ist zu finden in: "Metal Finishing", 59th Guidebook Directory Issue 1991, Band 89, Nr. 1A, Seite 64 bis 72.The aim of blasting surfaces is to free the surfaces from adhering coatings, such as paints, corrosion products, sealing materials, oil, coal and other combustion residues. The coverings should be removed effectively, but the surfaces themselves should be damaged as little as possible. This works particularly well if the hardness of the blasting medium is between the hardness of the substrate and the lower hardness of the coverings. Accordingly, suitable blasting methods and abrasives will be selected depending on the hardness of the coverings and the surfaces. A compilation of common abrasives, blasting methods and components of blasting devices can be found in: "Metal Finishing", 59th Guidebook Directory Issue 1991, Volume 89, No. 1A, pages 64 to 72.
Die Strahlmittel lassen sich generell in wasserlösliche und wasserunlösliche Strahlmittel einteilen. Typische wasserunlösliche Strahlmittel sind Sand, Glaskugeln, Metallkörner, Aluminiumoxid, oder weichere organische Materialien, wie beispielsweise gemahlene Nußschalen. Diese wasserunlöslichen Strahlmittel weisen den Nach¬ teil auf, daß sie sich bei kompliziert geformten Oberflächen in Vertiefungen, wie beispielsweise Bohrlöchern, festsetzen können, aus denen sie nicht wieder entfernbar sind. Dies ist dann besonders kritisch, wenn die gestrahlten Teile zu beweglichen Baueinheiten, wie beispielsweise Motoren oder Getrieben, zusammengebaut werden sollen. Strahlmittelreste können dann die Funktionsfähigkeit der Bauteile behindern.The blasting media can generally be divided into water-soluble and water-insoluble blasting media. Typical water-insoluble abrasives are sand, glass balls, metal grains, aluminum oxide, or softer organic materials, such as ground nut shells. These water-insoluble abrasives have the disadvantage that they can adhere to recesses, such as boreholes, on complicatedly shaped surfaces, from which they cannot be removed again. This is particularly critical when the blasted parts are to be assembled into movable structural units, such as motors or gears. Abrasive residues can then hinder the functionality of the components.
Eine Möglichkeit zur Überwindung dieses Problems besteht darin, Strahlmittel zu verwenden, die sich selbst nach Gebrauch verflüch¬ tigen. Beispiele hierfür sind das Strahlen mit Eis- oder Trocken¬ eiskörnern. Diese Strahlmittel erfüllen zwar die Anforderungen an Rückstandsfreiheit, weisen aber den Nachteil auf, daß die Überfüh¬ rung der unter Normalbedingungen flüssigen oder gasförmigen Strahlmittel in den festen Zustand einen hohen Energieaufwand er¬ fordert. Dies trifft auch für das Strahlmittel Trockeneis zu: Die¬ ses erstarrt zwar beim Austritt aus einer Düse zum Teil von selbst, die zum Abkühlen auf den Erstarrungspunkt erforderliche Energie wird jedoch dadurch aufgebracht, daß ein Teil des komprimierten
Kohlendioxids auf Normaldruck entspannt wird und hierdurch als Strahlmittel verloren geht.One way to overcome this problem is to use blasting media that volatilize themselves after use. Examples of this are blasting with ice or dry ice grains. Although these abrasives meet the requirements for freedom from residues, they have the disadvantage that converting the abrasive, which is liquid or gaseous under normal conditions, to the solid state requires a high expenditure of energy. This also applies to the blasting agent dry ice: although this solidifies in part when it emerges from a nozzle, the energy required to cool down to the solidification point is applied in that part of the compressed ice Carbon dioxide is expanded to normal pressure and is thereby lost as an abrasive.
Daher wendet man in den Fällen, in denen es auf die vollständige Entfernbarkeit des Strahlmittels von den gestrahlten Teilen an¬ kommt, bevorzugt wasserlösliche Strahlmittel an. An geeignete wasserlösliche Strahlmittel ist eine Reihe von Anforderungen zu stellen. Sie müssen die für das jeweilige Strahlgut richtige Härte aufweisen, dürfen nicht zum Zusammenbacken neigen und dürfen ins¬ besondere keine Korrosionserscheinungen an den bestrahlten, bei¬ spielsweise metallischen, Oberflächen hervorrufen. Durch solche Bedingungen wird die Auswahl verfügbarer wasserlöslicher Strahl¬ mittel stark eingeschränkt.Therefore, in cases in which it is important that the blasting agent can be completely removed from the blasted parts, water-soluble blasting agents are preferably used. A number of requirements must be made of suitable water-soluble abrasives. They must have the correct hardness for the respective blasting material, must not tend to cake and in particular must not cause any signs of corrosion on the irradiated, for example metallic, surfaces. Such conditions severely restrict the selection of available water-soluble abrasives.
US-A-5 112 406 beschreibt die Verwendung von Natriumsulfat als wasserlösliches Strahlmittel. Die Größe der Salzteilchen soll dabei zwischen 50 und 100 μ liegen. Zur Verhinderung des Zusammenbackens können die Salzteilchen mit hydrophober Kieselsäure oder mit hy¬ drophobem Polysiloxan beschichtet sein. WO 91/15308 beschreibt die Verwendung von kristallinem Natriumhydrogencarbonat als Strahlmit¬ tel, wobei der durchschnittliche Teilchendurchmesser zwischen 100 und 500 μm liegen soll, und die Teilchen ebenfalls mit hydrophober Kieselsäure überzogen sein können. Als wasserlösliche organische Strahlmittel werden beispielsweise Harnstoff (GB-A-2 119 298) oder glasartiges Polysaccharid (DE-A-40 13074) vorgeschlagen.US-A-5 112 406 describes the use of sodium sulfate as a water-soluble abrasive. The size of the salt particles should be between 50 and 100 μ. To prevent caking, the salt particles can be coated with hydrophobic silica or with hydrophobic polysiloxane. WO 91/15308 describes the use of crystalline sodium bicarbonate as a blasting agent, the average particle diameter should be between 100 and 500 μm, and the particles can also be coated with hydrophobic silica. Urea (GB-A-2 119 298) or glass-like polysaccharide (DE-A-40 13074), for example, are proposed as water-soluble organic blasting agents.
Trotz der bereits bekannten Auswahl wasserlöslicher Strahlmittel besteht ein Bedarf nach weiteren Mitteln dieser Art, um je nach Problemstellung ein möglichst geeignetes Mittel auswählen zu kön¬ nen. Die Wahl eines geeigneten Strahlmittels ist besonders dann kritisch, wenn die gestrahlten Oberflächen reaktiv sind und zu Korrosion neigen. Dies ist beispielsweise bei Bauteilen aus
Aluminium oder Magnesium der Fall. In solchen Fällen muß das Strahlmittel nicht nur die für die jeweilige Kombination aus Ober¬ flächenbelegung und Substrat geeignete Härte aufweisen, sondern gleichzeitig auch antikorrosive Eigenschaften haben.Despite the already known selection of water-soluble abrasives, there is a need for further agents of this type in order to be able to select a suitable agent depending on the problem. The choice of a suitable blasting medium is particularly critical if the blasted surfaces are reactive and tend to corrode. This is for example in the case of components Aluminum or magnesium the case. In such cases, the blasting agent must not only have the hardness suitable for the particular combination of surface covering and substrate, but also have anticorrosive properties at the same time.
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein neues Strahlmittel zum Trockenstrahlen von Oberflächen, insbesondere von metallischen Oberflächen, vorzugsweise von Oberflächen aus Eisen, Kupfer, Zink, Titan, Magnesium, Aluminium und deren Legierungen, die insbesondere verschmutzt sind mit Dichtungsmaterialien, Kleb- stoffrückständen, Lacken und Farben, Korrosionsprodukten, Schmier¬ mittelresten oder Verbrennungsrückständen, zur Verfügung zu stel¬ len. Dabei darf das Strahlmitte1 nicht zu einer Korrosion der gestrahlten Oberflächen führen und muß aus Vertiefungen, wie Sack¬ löchern und Bohrungen, leicht durch wäßriges Reinigen entfernbar sein.The present invention is based on the object of a new abrasive for dry blasting surfaces, in particular metallic surfaces, preferably surfaces made of iron, copper, zinc, titanium, magnesium, aluminum and their alloys, which are particularly contaminated with sealing materials, adhesive residues , Paints and varnishes, corrosion products, lubricant residues or combustion residues. The blasting center1 must not lead to corrosion of the blasted surfaces and must be easily removable from depressions such as blind holes and bores by aqueous cleaning.
Diese Aufgabe wird gelöst durch dieThis task is solved by the
Verwendung von Alkalimetallsilicaten als wasserlösliche Strahlmittel zum Trockenstrahlen von Oberflächen.Use of alkali metal silicates as water-soluble blasting media for dry blasting of surfaces.
Dabei werden Alkalimetallsilicate verwendet, die ausgewählt sind aus einer oder mehreren der Gruppen a) Lithiumsilicate, b) Natri¬ umsilikate, c) Kaliumsilicate, vorzugsweise aus der Gruppe der Natriumsilicate. Vorzugsweise sind die verwendeten Alkalimetallsilicate röntgenamorph. Dies bedeutet, daß sie bei Röntgenbeugungsexperimenten keine scharfen Reflexe liefern, was auf das Fehlen einer kristallinen Struktur hinweist. Vorzugsweise ver¬ wendet man als wasserlösliche Strahlmittel solche, die als einziges Silicat Natriumsilicat, und dieses in röntgenamorpher Form, ent¬ halten. Dabei sind Natriumsilicate besonders geeignet, die eine
Zusammensetzung 60 bis 65 Gew.-% SiÜ2, 17 bis 21 Gew.-% Na2θ und 23 bis 14 Gew.-% H2O aufweisen.Alkali metal silicates are used which are selected from one or more of the groups a) lithium silicates, b) sodium silicates, c) potassium silicates, preferably from the group of sodium silicates. The alkali metal silicates used are preferably X-ray amorphous. This means that they do not produce sharp reflections in X-ray diffraction experiments, which indicates the absence of a crystalline structure. Preferably, the water-soluble abrasives used are those which contain sodium silicate as the only silicate and this in X-ray amorphous form. Sodium silicates are particularly suitable, the one Composition 60 to 65 wt .-% SiÜ2, 17 to 21 wt .-% Na2θ and 23 to 14 wt .-% H2O.
Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Verwendung von Alkalimetallsilicaten macht man Gebrauch von der bekannten Eigenschaft löslicher Silicate, gegenüber metallischen Oberflächen korrosionsinhibierend zu wirken. Aufgrund dieser korrosionsinhibierenden Eigenschaften und dem bekannten Dispergiervermögen für Schmutz in wäßriger Flotte stellen lösliche Silicate eine gebräuchliche Komponente von Wasch- und Reinigungsmitteln dar. Hierbei entfalten sie ihre Wirkung in wäßriger Lösung, so daß dieser Einsatz in Wasch- und Reinigungs¬ mitteln keinen Bezug zur Verwendung zum Trockenstrahlen von Ober¬ flächen hat.When using alkali metal silicates according to the invention, use is made of the known property of soluble silicates to have a corrosion-inhibiting effect on metallic surfaces. Because of these corrosion-inhibiting properties and the known dispersibility for dirt in aqueous liquors, soluble silicates are a common component of detergents and cleaning agents. In this case, they develop their action in aqueous solution, so that this use in detergents and cleaning agents has no relation to the use for dry blasting surfaces.
Die Mitverwendung gelöster Silicate als korrosionsschützendes Ad¬ ditiv bei Naßstrahlprozessen ist ebenfalls bereits bekannt. WO 93/06950 beschreibt ein Verfahren zum Entlacken von Aluminiumober¬ fläche, bei dem neben festen Partikeln aus Metallhydrogencarbonat eine wäßrige Lösung von Natriumsilicat eingesetzt wird. GB-B-1 538 433 beschreibt ein Verfahren zum Reinigen von Oberflächen durch Naßstrahlen mit einem Hochdruckwasserstrahl, bei dem dem Wasser¬ strahl zumindest teilweise wasserlösliches Natriumsilicat zugesetzt wird. Hierbei beruht die Reinigungswirkung vor allem auf dem Was¬ serstrahl, wobei das Natriumsilicat zur Unterstützung der Reini¬ gungswirkung eingesetzt wird. Die erfindungsgemäße Verwendung von wasserlöslichen Natriumsilicaten als Trockenstrahlmittel wird hierdurch nicht vorweggenommen oder nahegelegt.The use of dissolved silicates as a corrosion-protecting additive in wet-jet processes is also already known. WO 93/06950 describes a process for stripping paint from aluminum surface, in which an aqueous solution of sodium silicate is used in addition to solid particles of metal hydrogen carbonate. GB-B-1 538 433 describes a process for cleaning surfaces by wet blasting with a high-pressure water jet, in which at least partially water-soluble sodium silicate is added to the water jet. The cleaning action is based above all on the water jet, the sodium silicate being used to support the cleaning action. This does not anticipate or suggest the use of water-soluble sodium silicates as dry abrasives according to the invention.
Für die Eignung als Mittel zum Trockenstrahlen ist als Parameter die Größe der Feststoffteilchen zu berücksichtigen. Sind die Teil¬ chen zu grob, ist die Strahlwirkung nicht ausreichend. Bei zu feinen Teilchen tritt eine nicht tolerierbare Staubentwicklung auf.
Daher sind für die Verwendung als wasserlösliche Strahlmittel zum Trockenstrahlen von Oberflächen besonders solche Alkalimetallsilicate geeignet, die zu mindestens 80 Gew.-% aus Körnern mit einem Durchmesser < 0,4 mm, vorzugsweise < 0,2 mm, be¬ stehen. Andererseits sollen die zu verwendenden Alkalimetallsilicate zu mindestens 80 Gew.-% aus Körnern mit einem Durchmesser > 0,05 mm bestehen.For the suitability as a means for dry blasting, the size of the solid particles has to be considered as a parameter. If the particles are too coarse, the radiation effect is not sufficient. If the particles are too fine, dust cannot be tolerated. For this reason, alkali metal silicates are particularly suitable for use as water-soluble abrasives for dry blasting of surfaces, which at least 80% by weight consist of grains with a diameter of <0.4 mm, preferably <0.2 mm. On the other hand, at least 80% by weight of the alkali metal silicates to be used should consist of grains with a diameter> 0.05 mm.
Zur Verwendung als wasserlösliche Strahlmittel zum Trockenstrahlen von Oberflächen geeignete Alkalimetallsilicate sind als solche in der Technik bekannt. Darunter fallen beispielsweise Produkte, die durch Sprühtrocknung von Natronwasserglaslösungen erhalten werden. Sie werden beispielsweise als Komponenten von Wasch- und Reini¬ gungsmittel verwendet, wobei zum einen ihre Eigenschaft als alka¬ lische Builder, d. h. das Schmutzdispergier- und -tragevermögen, andererseits ihre korrosionsinhibierenden Eigenschaften ausgenutzt werden.Alkali metal silicates suitable for use as water-soluble abrasives for dry blasting surfaces are known as such in the art. This includes, for example, products that are obtained by spray drying soda water glass solutions. They are used, for example, as components of detergents and cleaners, on the one hand, their properties as alkaline builders, ie. H. the dirt dispersing and carrying capacity, on the other hand their corrosion-inhibiting properties can be exploited.
Erfindungsgemäß wird die Verwendung von reinen Alkalimetallsilicaten als wasserlösliche Strahlmittel zum Trocken¬ strahlen von Oberflächen bevorzugt. "Rein" ist dabei so zu verste¬ hen, daß den Alkalimetallsilicaten keine weiteren Fremdphasen zu¬ gesetzt werden, daß diese Silicate aber herstellungsbedingte Ver¬ unreinigungen aufweisen können. Erwünschtenfalls, beispielsweise zur Erfüllung bestimmter Härteanforderungen, ist es jedoch möglich, die Alkalimetallsilicate mit weiteren, im Stand der Technik be¬ kannten, wasserlöslichen Mitteln zum Trockenstrahlen zu kombinie¬ ren. In solchen Fällen kommt die korrosionsinhibierende Wirkung der Silicate besonders zum Tragen. Zur Verwendung als wasserlösliche Strahlmittel können die Alkalimetallsilicate beispielsweise kombi¬ niert werden mit einem oder mehreren Stoffen, ausgewählt aus d) Alkalimetall- oder Ammoniumsulfat, vorzugsweise Natriumsulfat, e)
Alkalimetall- oder Am onium-hydrogencarbonat, vorzugsweiseAccording to the invention, the use of pure alkali metal silicates as water-soluble abrasives for dry blasting of surfaces is preferred. “Pure” is to be understood here as meaning that no further foreign phases are added to the alkali metal silicates, but that these silicates may have impurities due to the production process. If desired, for example to meet certain hardness requirements, it is possible, however, to combine the alkali metal silicates with other water-soluble agents for dry blasting known in the prior art. In such cases, the corrosion-inhibiting effect of the silicates is particularly useful. For use as water-soluble abrasives, the alkali metal silicates can, for example, be combined with one or more substances selected from d) alkali metal or ammonium sulfate, preferably sodium sulfate, e) Alkali metal or onium hydrogen carbonate, preferably
Natriumhydrogencarbonat, f) Harnstoff, g) glasartigen Polysaccha- riden. Der Gesamtanteil dieser Zusatzstoffe kann dabei bis zu 50 Gew.-% betragen.Sodium bicarbonate, f) urea, g) glassy polysaccharides. The total proportion of these additives can be up to 50% by weight.
Die mechanischen Eigenschaften der Alkalimetallsilicate und ihre korrosionsinhibierende Wirkung kommt insbesondere dann zum Tragen, wenn man sie als wasserlösliche Strahlmittel zum Trockenstrahlen von metallischen Oberflächen verwendet, vorzugsweise von Oberflä¬ chen aus Eisen, Kupfer, Zink, Titan, Magnesium oder aus Legie¬ rungen, die zu mindestens 50 Gew.-% aus einem dieser Elemente be¬ stehen, und insbesondere von Oberflächen aus Aluminium oder einer Aluminiumlegierung. Dabei handelt es sich insbesondere um Oberflä¬ chen von gebrauchten Motoren-, Triebwerks-, Turbinen- und/oder Ge¬ triebeteilen, also um Aggregate, die nach Gebrauch zerlegt, gerei¬ nigt und wieder verwendet werden sollen. Bei der Reinigung dieser Teile durch Trockenstrahlen sind Oberflächenbelegungen zu entfer¬ nen, die entweder zur Sicherung der Gebrauchsfähigkeit aufgebracht wurden oder die im Zuge des Gebrauchs entstanden sind. Hierunter fallen Oberflächenbelegungen aus Dichtungsmaterialien, Klebstoff¬ resten, Lacken oder Farben, Metalloxiden, Metallcarbiden und/oder Verbrennungsrückständen, insbesondere Ölkohle. Bei der Reinigung solcher Teile im Anschluß an das erfindungsgemäße Trockenstrahlver¬ fahren erweist es sich als besonderer Vorteil, daß das Strahlmittel mit wäßrigen Reinigern leicht und vollständig aus Vertiefungen wie Sacklöchern, Bohrungen, Gewinden etc. entfernt werden kann. Dabei führen die herausgelösten Strahlmittelreste nicht zu einer vorzei¬ tigen Erschöpfung des Reinigers, sondern tragen aufgrund der be¬ kannten BuiIdereigenschaften löslicher Silicate eher zu einer Ver¬ stärkung der Reinigungswirkung bei.
Auch wenn die erfindungsgemäße Verwendung löslicher Silicate auf das Strahlen korrosionsanfälliger Oberflächen abzielt, ist jedoch die Verwendung zum Strahlen anderer Substratmaterialien ebenfalls möglich. Hierunter fallen beispielsweise Substrate aus Kunststoffen oder aus keramischen Materialien.The mechanical properties of the alkali metal silicates and their corrosion-inhibiting action come into play in particular when they are used as water-soluble abrasives for dry blasting of metallic surfaces, preferably surfaces made of iron, copper, zinc, titanium, magnesium or alloys which consist of at least 50% by weight of one of these elements, and in particular of surfaces made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy. These are, in particular, surfaces of used engine, engine, turbine and / or gear parts, that is to say aggregates which, after use, are to be dismantled, cleaned and reused. When cleaning these parts by dry blasting, surface coatings have to be removed that were either applied to ensure their usability or that were created in the course of use. This includes surface coverings made of sealing materials, adhesive residues, lacquers or paints, metal oxides, metal carbides and / or combustion residues, in particular oil carbon. When cleaning such parts following the dry blasting method according to the invention, it proves to be a particular advantage that the blasting agent can be easily and completely removed from depressions such as blind holes, bores, threads etc. using aqueous cleaners. The detached blasting agent residues do not lead to a premature exhaustion of the cleaner, but rather contribute to an intensification of the cleaning action due to the known builder properties of soluble silicates. Even if the use of soluble silicates according to the invention is aimed at blasting surfaces susceptible to corrosion, however, use for blasting other substrate materials is also possible. This includes, for example, substrates made of plastics or ceramic materials.
Wie auch bei anderen Trockenstrahlmitteln üblich, lassen sich die Alkalimetallsilicate nach ihrer Verwendung als Strahlmittel auf¬ fangen und nach Abtrennen von durch Bruch entstandenem Feinkorn erneut als Strahlmittel einsetzen. Ein besonderer Vorteil der er¬ findungsgemäßen Verwendung liegt darin, daß die Alkalimetallsili¬ cate nach Gebrauch oder nach Unbrauchbarwerden als Strahlmittel nicht verworfen werden müssen, sondern einer weiteren Verwendung, beispielsweise als Komponenten für alkalische Reinigungsbäder, zu¬ geführt werden können.
As is also common with other dry abrasives, the alkali metal silicates can be collected after their use as abrasives and can be used again as abrasives after the separation of fine grains that have broken. A particular advantage of the use according to the invention is that the alkali metal silicates do not have to be discarded as abrasive after use or after they have become unusable, but can be passed on for further use, for example as components for alkaline cleaning baths.
Ausführungsbeispieleembodiments
Die erfindungsgemäße Verwendung von Alkalimetallsilicaten wurde an gebrauchten Aggregateteilen aus Aluminiumdruckgußlegierung erprobt. Beispiele sind Getriebegehäusedeckel mit Schmutz- und Dichtungs¬ resten sowie Zylinderköpfe mit verkokten Verbrennungsräumen.The use of alkali metal silicates according to the invention has been tested on used assembly parts made of die-cast aluminum alloy. Examples are gearbox covers with dirt and gasket residues and cylinder heads with coked combustion chambers.
Als Strahlmittel wurde ein sprühgetrocknetes Wasserglas (P3-saxinR5502, Henkel KGaA, Düsseldorf) der ZusammensetzungA spray-dried water glass (P3-saxin R 5502, Henkel KGaA, Düsseldorf) of the composition was used as the blasting agent
63 Gew.-% Siθ2 19 Gew.-% Na2θ 18 Gew.-% H O63% by weight SiO 2 19% by weight Na 2 O 18% by weight H O
eingesetzt. Die Korngrößenverteilung wurde durch Siebanalyse be¬ stimmt und betrugused. The grain size distribution was determined by sieve analysis and was
> 0,8 mm ca. 0,5 %> 0.8 mm approx.0.5%
> 0,4 mm ca. 1 %> 0.4 mm approx. 1%
> 0,2 mm ca. 10 %> 0.2 mm approx. 10%
> 0,1 mm ca. 40 %> 0.1 mm approx. 40%
> 0,05 mm ca. 40 % < 0,05 m ca. 10 %.> 0.05 mm approx. 40% <0.05 m approx. 10%.
Die Strahlversuche erfolgten unter Verwendung eines kornmerziellen Druckluftstrahlgerätes (Fa. Sata), das normalerweise zum Sand¬ strahlen verwendet wird. Nach dem Strahlen wurden die gestrahlten Teile mit einem handelsüblichen wäßrigen Neutralreiniger gewaschen. Danach wiesen die Teile ein einwandfrei metallisches Aussehen bei unbeschädigter Oberfläche auf. Korrosionsspuren konnten nicht festgestellt werden.
The blasting tests were carried out using a commercial compressed air blasting device (from Sata), which is normally used for sandblasting. After blasting, the blasted parts were washed with a commercially available aqueous neutral detergent. Afterwards, the parts had a perfect metallic appearance with an undamaged surface. No traces of corrosion could be found.
Claims
1. Verwendung von Alkalimetallsilicaten als wasserlösliche Strahlmittel zum Trockenstrahlen von Oberflächen.1. Use of alkali metal silicates as water-soluble abrasives for dry blasting of surfaces.
2. Verwendung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Alkalimetallsilicate ausgewählt sind aus einer oder mehreren der Gruppen a) Lithiumsilicate, b) Natriumsilicate, c) Kaliumsilicate, vorzugsweise aus der Gruppe der Natriumsilicate.2. Use according to claim 1, characterized in that the alkali metal silicates are selected from one or more of the groups a) lithium silicates, b) sodium silicates, c) potassium silicates, preferably from the group of sodium silicates.
3. Verwendung nach einem oder beiden der Ansprüche 1 und 2, da¬ durch gekennzeichnet, daß eines oder mehrere der Alkalimetallsilicate röntgenamorph sind.3. Use according to one or both of claims 1 and 2, da¬ characterized in that one or more of the alkali metal silicates are X-ray amorphous.
4. Verwendung nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, da¬ durch gekennzeichnet, daß das Strahlmittel als einziges Silicat Natriumsilicat, vorzugsweise in röntgenamorpher Form, mit einer Zusammensetzung 60 - 65 Gew.-% Siθ2, 17 bis 21 Gew.-% Na2θ und 23 bis 14 Gew.-% H2O enthält.4. Use according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the blasting agent is the only silicate sodium silicate, preferably in X-ray amorphous form, with a composition of 60-65% by weight SiO 2, 17 to 21% by weight Na2θ and 23 to 14 wt .-% H2O contains.
5. Verwendung nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, da¬ durch gekennzeichnet, daß das oder die Alkalimetallsilicate zu mindestens 80 Gew.-% aus Körnern mit einem Durchmesser kleiner als 0,4 mm, vorzugsweise kleiner als 0,2 mm bestehen.5. Use according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the alkali metal silicate or silicates consist of at least 80% by weight of grains with a diameter of less than 0.4 mm, preferably less than 0.2 mm .
6. Verwendung nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, da¬ durch gekennzeichnet, daß das oder die Alkalimetallsilicate zu mindestens 80 Gew.-% aus Körnern mit einem Durchmesser größer als 0,05 mm bestehen. 6. Use according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the alkali metal silicate (s) consist of at least 80% by weight of grains with a diameter greater than 0.05 mm.
7. Verwendung nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, da¬ durch gekennzeichnet, daß das Strahlmittel außer Alkalimetallsilicaten bis zu 50 Gew.-% eines oder mehrerer Stoffe ausgewählt aus d) Alkalimetall- oder Ammoniumsulfat, vorzugsweise Natriumsulfat, e) Alkalimetall- oder Ammonium- Hydrogencarbonat, vorzugsweise Natriumhydrogencarbonat, f) Harnstoff, g) glasartigen Polysacchariden enthält.7. Use according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the abrasive in addition to alkali metal silicates up to 50 wt .-% of one or more substances selected from d) alkali metal or ammonium sulfate, preferably sodium sulfate, e) alkali metal or ammonium hydrogen carbonate, preferably sodium hydrogen carbonate, f) urea, g) glassy polysaccharides.
8. Verwendung nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, da¬ durch gekennzeichnet, daß es sich bei den Oberflächen um me¬ tallische Oberflächen, vorzugsweise um Oberflächen aus Eisen, Kupfer, Zink, Titan, Magnesium oder aus Legierungen, die zu mindestens 50 Gew.-% aus einem dieser Elemente bestehen, und insbesondere um Oberflächen aus Aluminium oder einer Aluminumlegierung handelt.8. Use according to one or more of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the surfaces are metallic surfaces, preferably surfaces made of iron, copper, zinc, titanium, magnesium or alloys which are at least 50 wt .-% consist of one of these elements, and is in particular surfaces made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
9. Verwendung nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es sich bei den Oberflächen um Oberflächen von gebrauchten Motoren-, Triebwerks-, Turbinen- und/oder Getriebeteilen handelt.9. Use according to claim 8, characterized in that the surfaces are surfaces of used engine, engine, turbine and / or gear parts.
10. Verwendung nach einem oder beiden der Ansprüche 8 und 9, da¬ durch gekennzeichnet, daß die zu strahlenden Oberflächen belegt sind mit Dichtungsmaterialien, Klebstoffrückständen, Lacken oder Farben, Metalloxiden, Metallcarbiden und/oder Verbren¬ nungsrückständen, insbesondere Ölkohle. 10. Use according to one or both of claims 8 and 9, characterized in that the surfaces to be blasted are coated with sealing materials, adhesive residues, paints or paints, metal oxides, metal carbides and / or combustion residues, in particular oil carbon.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP94926171A EP0714339A1 (en) | 1993-08-19 | 1994-08-10 | Use of alkali-metal silicates as water-soluble dry blast-cleaning abrasives |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DEP4327925.2 | 1993-08-19 | ||
DE19934327925 DE4327925A1 (en) | 1993-08-19 | 1993-08-19 | Alkali metal silicates as water-soluble dry abrasives |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO1995005267A1 true WO1995005267A1 (en) | 1995-02-23 |
Family
ID=6495564
Family Applications (1)
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PCT/EP1994/002646 WO1995005267A1 (en) | 1993-08-19 | 1994-08-10 | Use of alkali-metal silicates as water-soluble dry blast-cleaning abrasives |
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Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP0714339A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE4327925A1 (en) |
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Cited By (1)
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US6521945B2 (en) | 1999-01-19 | 2003-02-18 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Method and composite for decreasing charge leakage |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO2020049033A1 (en) | 2018-09-05 | 2020-03-12 | LUTZ, Margot | Method for treating surfaces |
DE102019202087A1 (en) * | 2019-02-15 | 2020-08-20 | MA-TEC GmbH | Process for treating surfaces |
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JPS5193732A (en) * | 1975-02-15 | 1976-08-17 | SENJOKEN MAZAI | |
JPS5925866A (en) * | 1982-08-03 | 1984-02-09 | C Uyemura & Co Ltd | Abrasive material for dry flow polishing |
DD214139A1 (en) * | 1983-03-21 | 1984-10-03 | Univ Halle Wittenberg | GRINDING AND POLISHING |
JPS63162881A (en) * | 1986-12-25 | 1988-07-06 | Takeshi Sugano | Chemical conversion treatment of metal surface |
EP0396226A2 (en) * | 1989-05-02 | 1990-11-07 | ADM Agri-Industries, Ltd. | Glass-like polysaccharide abrasive grit |
DE4013047A1 (en) * | 1989-05-02 | 1990-11-08 | Ogilvie Flour Mills Co Ltd | GRINDING WHEEL FROM GLASSY POLYSACCHARIDE |
Non-Patent Citations (5)
Title |
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DATABASE WPI Section Ch Week 7640, Derwent World Patents Index; Class MA, AN 76-74591X C40! * |
DATABASE WPI Section Ch Week 8412, Derwent World Patents Index; Class ALF, AN 84-071680 C12! * |
DATABASE WPI Section Ch Week 8506, Derwent World Patents Index; Class EGL, AN 85-032180 C06! * |
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 12, no. 438 (C - 544) 17 November 1988 (1988-11-17) * |
See also references of EP0714339A1 * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6521945B2 (en) | 1999-01-19 | 2003-02-18 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Method and composite for decreasing charge leakage |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE4327925A1 (en) | 1995-02-23 |
EP0714339A1 (en) | 1996-06-05 |
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