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WO1995004006A1 - Procedes et systemes de vitrage a energie solaire - Google Patents

Procedes et systemes de vitrage a energie solaire Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1995004006A1
WO1995004006A1 PCT/GB1994/001621 GB9401621W WO9504006A1 WO 1995004006 A1 WO1995004006 A1 WO 1995004006A1 GB 9401621 W GB9401621 W GB 9401621W WO 9504006 A1 WO9504006 A1 WO 9504006A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pane
panel
accordance
air
vent
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB1994/001621
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Frederick Brian Mckee
Original Assignee
Frederick Brian Mckee
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Frederick Brian Mckee filed Critical Frederick Brian Mckee
Priority to AU73473/94A priority Critical patent/AU7347394A/en
Publication of WO1995004006A1 publication Critical patent/WO1995004006A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
    • E06B9/24—Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blinds
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0075—Systems using thermal walls, e.g. double window
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
    • F24S20/60—Solar heat collectors integrated in fixed constructions, e.g. in buildings
    • F24S20/63—Solar heat collectors integrated in fixed constructions, e.g. in buildings in the form of windows
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S50/00—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors
    • F24S50/80—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors for controlling collection or absorption of solar radiation
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
    • E06B9/24—Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blinds
    • E06B2009/2411—Coloured fluid flow for light transmission control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0075—Systems using thermal walls, e.g. double window
    • F24F2005/0078—Double windows
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
    • Y02A30/272—Solar heating or cooling
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/90—Passive houses; Double facade technology
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers

Definitions

  • This invention relates to solar energy glazing systems and use thereof generally and more particularly, but not exclusively, to solar energy glazing adapted to transmit therethrough only useful wavelengths of solar energy and/or to distribute by convection/conduction heat absorbed by panels of the glazing.
  • One of the major problems with large buildings is to reduce the heat gain due to incident solar and other energy incident on the building. Also, it is often desirable to reduce the heat escaping frcm the building in cold periods.
  • One solution is to use heavily tinted or reflective glass often as part of a double-glazing system. Tinted glass tends to be heated by incident solar radiation thereby radiating that energy into the building at wavelengths iininhibited by the tinting agent. Reflective glass may not be aesthetically pleasing and during winter months the reflected energy could more usefully be used for heating the building interior.
  • tinted and reflective glazing greatly restricts the visible natural daylight entering the building. This often necessitates the use of electrical lighting in day-time even during su ⁇ er months.
  • a glazing system comprises a pane of transparent or translucent material and a doping agent and/or coating agent the cc ⁇ ibined optical characteristics of the system providing solar energy transmission therethrough having a transmission curve closely approximating the photopic response function CTE 18(E-1.2)1970 of the human eye.
  • a glazing system comprises a pane of transparent or translucent material and a doping agent and/or coating agent applied to one surface of the pane the cc ⁇ ibined optical characteristics of which permit light -transmission through the system of the majority of wavelengths of solar energy visible to the human eye and which provide for absorption by the glass and the coating of the majority of solar energy invisible to the human eye.
  • the doping agent and/or coating agent may be pthylocyanine and may have a concentration in a range equivalent to between 40 and preferably approximately 80 pp in aqueus solution.
  • a solar energy collecting panel comprises two panes of glass or generally transparent plastics and at least one fluid passageway therebetween with a solution of dyestuff contained within the passageway, with the arrangement providing that the combined optical characteristics of the panel provide solar energy transmission therethrough having a transmission curve closely approximating the photopic response function CTE 18(E-1.2)1970.
  • a solar energy collecting panel comprises two panes of glass or generally transparent plastics and at least one fluid passageway therebetween with a solution of dyestuff contained within the passageway, with the arrangement providi-ng that the c ⁇ iibined optical characteristics of the panel permit light transmission through the panel of the majority if not all wavelengths of solar energy visible to the human eye and which provide for -absorption by the glass and the coating of the majority of solar energy invisible to the human eye.
  • the dyestuff may be water soluble pthylocyanine which may have a concentration in the range of 30 to 200 ppm, preferably in the range of 60 to 80 ppm. It may have a concentration in the order of 40 ppm.
  • a vented windcw apparatus comprises a frame housing in spaced apart relationship a first pane of generally transparent glass or plastics and a first glazing system in accordance with said third aspect or said fourth aspect to define an air-space therebetween, having disposed above said first pane a first closable outlet vent, below said first pane a first closable inlet vent, above said first system or panel a second closable outlet vent and below said first system or panel a second closable inlet vent, with the arrangement providing that solar energy absorbed by said first pane, system or panel can be removed by convection of air through the air-space when one, other or both of said first inlet vents is or -are open and one, other or both of said first outlet vents is or are open.
  • a method of heating a building has apparatus in accordance with said fifth aspect with said first pane exposed internally of the buil ing and said first panel or glazing system exposed externally of the building, wherein said second inlet vent is open, said first outlet vent is open and said other vents are closed to warm the building with air frcm outside the building, said second inlet and outlet vents are closed and said first inlet and outlet vents are open to warm the building with air circulated frcm inside, or both of said inlet vents are open, said first outlet vent is open and said second outlet is closed.
  • a method of cooling or preventing solar heating of a building having apparatus in accordance with said fifth aspect has said first pane exposed internally of the building and said first panel or glazing system exposed externally of the building, wherein said first inlet vent is open, said second outlet vent is open and said other vents are closed to vent air frcm the building, said first inlet and outlet vents are closed and said second inlet and outlet vents are open to cool the apparatus with air circulated from outside the building, or both of said inlet vents are open, said first outlet vent is closed and said second outlet is open.
  • a vented windcw apparatus comprises a frame housing in spaced apart relationship a first pane of generally transparent glass or plastics and a first glazing system in accordance with said first or second aspect or a first solar panel in accordance with said third or fourth aspect to define an air-space therebetween, having disposed above either said first pane or said first system/panel a closable outlet vent and below either said first pane or said first system/panel a closable inlet vent, with the arrangement providing that solar energy absorbed by said first pane, system or panel can be removed by convection of air through the air-space when the two vents are open.
  • a vented window apparatus comprises a frame housing in spaced apart relationship a first pane of generally transparent glass or plastics and a first glazing system in accordance with said first or second aspect or a first solar panel in accordance with said third or fourth aspect to define an air-space therebetween, having disposed above either said first pane or said first systempanel an outlet vent and below either said first pane or said first system/panel an inlet vent, with the arrangement providing that solar energy absorbed by said first pane, system or panel can be removed by convection of air through the air-space.
  • the frame houses a second pane of generally transparent glass or plastics, a second glazing system in accordance with said first or second aspect or a first solar panel in accordance with said third or fourth aspects to define a second air-space therebetween, having disposed above said second pane, panel or system a third outlet vent and below said second pane, panel or system a third inlet vent.
  • Both of said third inlet and outlet vents may be closable.
  • Said first pane may be replaced by either a further glazing system in accordance said first or second aspect or a further solar panel in accordance with said third or fourth aspect.
  • Figure 1 is a graphical representation of 'black body' radiation of the sun and the photopic response function of a human eye
  • Figure 2 is a graphical representation of the photopic response function also shown in Figure 1, the transmission response of typical float glass, and the relative solar response of an embodiment of the invention
  • Figure 3 is a vented windcw apparatus in accordance with a first embodimsnt according to one aspect of the invention
  • Figure 4 is a vented window apparatus in accordance with a second embodiment of the invention with similar parts to those of said first embcdiment shown in Figure 3 being denoted by like numbers;
  • FIG. 5 is a vented window apparatus in accordance with a third embodiment of the invention similar to the embodiment shown in Figure 3 with like parts being denoted by like numbers, and
  • FIG. 6 is a vented window apparatus in accordance with another aspect of the invention.
  • the optical transmission characteristics of most transparent or translucent glazing materials can be defined by reference to their visible light transmission (LT) , energy absorption (EA) and solar shading coefficient (SC) .
  • LT visible light transmission
  • EA energy absorption
  • SC solar shading coefficient
  • a glazing system should have high LT, high EA and low SC which would permit transmission of high natural daylight and low transmission of solar energy.
  • solid materials having high EA usually mean that the glazing also acts as a radiator thus effectively increasing SC. Because of their broad spectral characteristics, most window/cladding elements of glazing systems cannot • exhibit the aforedescribed desirable c ⁇ nbination of high LT, high EA and low SC.
  • Typical values for reflective glass are:- LT 10%, EA 60%, SC 0.26 Typical values for tinted glass are:- LT 72%, EA 49%, SC 0.72 Typical values for clear float glass are:- LT 87%, EA 15%, SC 0.95
  • chain lines at 'a' and 'd' illustrate the half power band width 510 to 610 milli-mi ⁇ rons wavelength on curve 1, i.e. of the human eye.
  • chain lines at 'A' and 'B' indicate the full response of the typical human eye i.e. between 360 and 830 millimicrons.
  • the response of the human eye extends between 360 to 830 millimicrons the major part of its sensitivity is in the aforementioned 'half power band' width of electrcmagnetic theory with a maximum at 555 millimicrons.
  • the solar spectrum extends from 200 to 30,000 milli icrons with most of the energy within the range 240 to 2000 millimicrons. It will be appreciated that daylight within the 'half band pcwer width' between 'a' and 'b' is of particular value to human sight and the remaining wavelengths can be considered redundant for that purpose and provide unwanted solar energy in sunnier and valuable heating in winter.
  • a material or combination of materials having negligible reflection that matched the sensitivity function of the eye would have desirable optical characteristics having approximate values of LT in the visual spectrum of 89%, EA of 89% ad SC of 0.11. Such would appear glass clear but almost totally absorbing of the aforementioned redundant wavelengths of solar energy. Self-evidently with such a high degree of absorption the material or combination would tend to get 'hot' and radiate absorbed energy in the infrared band-width thus effectively degrading the SC.
  • a ccmbination of materials is suggested having the aforementioned desirable characteristics.
  • a glazing unit (not shown) is in the form of two parallel panes of float glass separated by at least one channel carrying an energy absorbent cooling fluid.
  • the panes are 6mm thick separated by a 6 ⁇ m fluid filled gap.
  • the fluid is a water solution of pthalocyanine dye having a concentration of 40 ppm giving the response curve 3.
  • This provides for combined characteristics LT in the human visual spectrum of approximately 60%, EA of about 74% and SC 0.07.
  • a concentration of 200 ppm would give the undesirable characteristics of LT 16%, EA 94% and SC 0.07. It will be appreciated that the liquid used could be caused to circulate externally of the glazing unit to be dissipated elsewhere in su ⁇ mer and for heating purposes in winter, for exairple.
  • thermoplastic materials By appropriate choice of glazing materials, coating/doping agents and/or coolant co ⁇ position, and physical dimensions and configuration it is possible to achieve characteristics better approximating curve 1.
  • the choice of coolant and/or coating/doping agent can be made by appropriate mathematical analysis of the transmission characteristics of the energy source (the sun at the desired latitude), the ambient atmosphere, the glass cc ⁇ position and the human eye. It will be appreciated that dyestuffs may be added to achieve any desired colouring effects.
  • the aforedescribed embodi ⁇ ents provide for glazing systems which improve on existing solar energy systems using darkened glass and/or coolant fluids to achieve high EA. They also enable natural daylighting of buildings without enormous air-conditioning costs which makes them particularly useful in multi-storey structures. If embodiments using coolant are employed heat from the coolant may be extracted by suitable heat exchangers or heat-pumps. If these are placed in a -suitable area of the building, such as the well of a staircase, which will act as a flue then the upward movement of air can be used to ventilate floors of the building. In large buildings such air movement could be used to drive air-turbine generators during the night, for example
  • a vented window apparatus 10 comprises a framework having an upper beam 11 and lower beam 12 and a pair of sheets of float glass panes 13,14 held in parallel spaced apart relationship to define an air-space 15 therebetween.
  • the first pane 13, adapted to be disposed inwardly of a building to which the frame 1 is fitted, is a sheet of plain float glass which may have its outwardly disposed surface 16 coated with a low emissivity or long wavelength reflective agent.
  • Said other pane 14 is typically in accordance with the aforesaid one embodiment of the invention wherein its inwardly disposed surface 17 or outwardly disposed sur ace 18 is coated with a suitable agent or agents. Both surfaces 17,18 could be coated.
  • the glass of pane 14 could be doped and may also be coated with a suitable agent or agents. Consequently, it is the said other pane 14 which is mostly responsible for the solar energy absorption of the apparatus 10.
  • the apparatus 10 also comprises a plurality of vents. Disposed above and belc-w the first pane 13 are respectively closable outlet vent 19 and inlet vent 20 which can permit the interior/inside of the building to c ⁇ unicate with the air-space 15. Similarly to permit ccmmunication with the exterior/outside of the building outlet vent 21 and inlet vent 22 are disposed respectively above and belcw said other pane 14.
  • vents 19 to 21 will allow convection to force movement of air between inlet and outlet vents that are open. Consequently, by appropriate operation of the vents, it is possible to vent that air externally or internally of the buil ing using air fran either the interior, exterior or both interior and exterior of the building. Alternatively, by closing all vents the glazing apparatus 10 performs as conventional double glazing. Different permutations of vent closure and opening permit variously heating, cooling and/or ventilation of the interior.
  • the first pane 13 will tend to remain at a low te ⁇ perature approximating the ambient interior room te ⁇ perature.
  • This pane 13 could be coated with a thermotropic or themochromic material that would automatically reduce the light transmission as it heated thereby further reducing the transmission of solar energy.
  • the pane 13 remains 'cool' electro-optical and photo-chr ⁇ nic devices that automatically vary visible light transmission can be attached to the surfaces thereof.
  • the pane 13 remaining 'cool' avoids the incidence of thermal problems often associated with the aforesaid devices.
  • the vented window apparatus 30 illustrated in Figure 4 overc ⁇ nes this disadvantage by providing in addition to panes 13,14 an outer pane of float glass 31 to provide a further air-space 32.
  • the pane 31 is provided with inlet and outlet vents 33,34 respectively for use in venting the interior and for cooling of the interior during sunnier months. In winter months the vents 33,34 when closed permit the air-space 32 to be vented internally of the building.
  • vents 21,22,33 and 34 can be closed so that panes 18 and 31 provide conventional double glazing. It will be understood that the double glazing will result in the te ⁇ perature within air-space 32 rising above the a ⁇ ibient external temperature thereby reducing heat loss from pane 18 into that air-space.
  • FIG. 5 The operation and function of the embodiment shown in Figure 5 is essentially the same as that of Figure 3. However, instead of a coated exterior pane (pane 14 in Figure 3) this embodiment is provided with a solar panel 40 comprising an inner pane of float glass 41 disposed in spaced apart relationship to an outer pane of float glass 42 to define a coolant channel 43 therebetween.
  • the solar panel 40 is in the form of the aforedescribed said another embodiment.
  • Figure 6 illustrates a vented window or wall apparatus 50 in accordance with another aspect of the invention which is not claimed in this Application but which may be claimed in a Divisional filing at a future date.
  • the apparatus 50 comprises a frame housing in spaced apart relationship clear glass panes 51, 52 and optionally a third pane 53 which define an air-space 54 or air-spaces 54,55 vented as those in aforedescribed e ⁇ ibc-diments.
  • pane 51 could be replaced by an opaque and/or thermally insulated sheet
  • pane 52 could be replaced by thermal unit such as that denoted 40 in Figure 5 or a coated/doped pane as aforedescribed.
  • the apparatus could be used for forced venting of the interior or for heating the interior where illumination was not desired.
  • vents need not have the illustrated configuration(s) .
  • vents could be provided within the associated framework.
  • the framework could be provided with inlet and outlet ports leading to controllable valve means.
  • the internal pressure of the building is varied relative to atmospheric pressure then many more modes of heating, cooling and 'natural' ventilation could be achieved.
  • suitable ducting air could be blown into the appropriate air-space(s) and if desired thereafter irected to any part of the building or to atmosphere.
  • the coolant/heat absorbing liquid may be pu ⁇ ped via heat exchangers or heat-pumps to remote parts of the building, e.g. frcm a sunny to a shaded side of the building.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Securing Of Glass Panes Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

Dans un de ses aspects, l'invention concerne le revêtement ou l'enduisage de vitres ou d'un panneau solaire rempli de fluide (40) dont les qualités de transmission optique combinées des pièces consituantes permettent la transmission de la lumière parfaitement visible à l'÷il humain, et qui produisent l'absorption de l'énergie solaire à l'extérieur de ce spectre. Selon un autre de ses aspects, l'invention concerne un système de vitrage possédant deux ou plusieurs vitres ou panneaux de verre (13, 40) généralement parallèles, logés à l'intérieur d'un cadre ventilé (11, 12, 19-22) afin de former entre eux au moins un espace d'air ventilé (15). Au moins une des vitres ou un des panneaux de verre (40) est conçu pour absorber l'énergie solaire et par conséquent 'chauffer' l'air contenu dans l'espace d'air (15) afin de générer des courants de convection dans celui-ci. Des évents d'admission (20, 22) et des évents d'évacuation (19, 21) sont respectivement placés au-dessus et au-dessous de chacune des vitres ou chacun des panneaux de verre (13, 40) et, par une commande appropriée de ceux-ci, il est possible d'utiliser les courants de convection à l'intérieur de l'espace d'air (15) afin d'aérer l'intérieur du bâtiment ou d'aérer l'espace d'air (15) à l'extérieur du bâtiment afin de refroidir au moins une vitre ou un panneau de verre (40).
PCT/GB1994/001621 1993-07-28 1994-07-27 Procedes et systemes de vitrage a energie solaire WO1995004006A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU73473/94A AU7347394A (en) 1993-07-28 1994-07-27 Solar energy glazing systems and methods

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9315584.4 1993-07-28
GB939315584A GB9315584D0 (en) 1993-07-28 1993-07-28 Improvements in or relating to energy saving windows & cladding

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1995004006A1 true WO1995004006A1 (fr) 1995-02-09

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB1994/001621 WO1995004006A1 (fr) 1993-07-28 1994-07-27 Procedes et systemes de vitrage a energie solaire

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU7347394A (fr)
GB (2) GB9315584D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO1995004006A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU732040B2 (en) * 1997-04-29 2001-04-12 Cognis Ip Management Gmbh Use of alcohols as additives for plaster and/or mortar
WO2015017879A1 (fr) * 2013-08-06 2015-02-12 Michael John Urch Ensemble fenêtre à génération d'énergie

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU734352B2 (en) 1997-05-09 2001-06-14 Glassx Ag Device for transparent heat insulation in a building
AU2003273598A1 (en) * 2002-10-21 2004-05-04 Jolanta Mekal Device for receiving solar energy
CN100476096C (zh) * 2004-06-27 2009-04-08 尹学军 门窗幕墙及其空气调节装置
WO2012019207A1 (fr) * 2010-08-12 2012-02-16 Robert Wistrela Pièce structurale

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WO2015017879A1 (fr) * 2013-08-06 2015-02-12 Michael John Urch Ensemble fenêtre à génération d'énergie

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU7347394A (en) 1995-02-28
GB2280503B (en) 1997-11-19
GB2280503A (en) 1995-02-01
GB9415151D0 (en) 1994-09-14
GB9315584D0 (en) 1993-09-08

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