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WO1994027845A1 - Procede et systeme de regulation servant a limiter l'effet de freinage produit par un frein auxiliaire hydrodynamique dans un vehicule a moteur - Google Patents

Procede et systeme de regulation servant a limiter l'effet de freinage produit par un frein auxiliaire hydrodynamique dans un vehicule a moteur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1994027845A1
WO1994027845A1 PCT/SE1993/000478 SE9300478W WO9427845A1 WO 1994027845 A1 WO1994027845 A1 WO 1994027845A1 SE 9300478 W SE9300478 W SE 9300478W WO 9427845 A1 WO9427845 A1 WO 9427845A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
retarder
speed
braking effect
maximum
engine
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SE1993/000478
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Lars-Gunnar Hedström
Original Assignee
Scania Cv Aktiebolag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from SE9201616A external-priority patent/SE507807C2/sv
Application filed by Scania Cv Aktiebolag filed Critical Scania Cv Aktiebolag
Priority to DE69326025T priority Critical patent/DE69326025T2/de
Priority to BR9307857A priority patent/BR9307857A/pt
Priority to EP93915043A priority patent/EP0699144B1/fr
Priority to PCT/SE1993/000478 priority patent/WO1994027845A1/fr
Publication of WO1994027845A1 publication Critical patent/WO1994027845A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00—Parts or details
    • F16D65/78—Features relating to cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T1/00—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles
    • B60T1/02—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels
    • B60T1/08—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels using fluid or powdered medium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D57/00—Liquid-resistance brakes; Brakes using the internal friction of fluids or fluid-like media, e.g. powders

Definitions

  • the present invention refers both to a process of the kind indicated in the preamble to claim 1, and to a control system of the kind indicated in the preamble to claim 5.
  • a hydrodynamic auxiliary brake a so-called retarder in an engine-driven vehicle, preferably a truck or a bus.
  • hydrodynamic retarder which is a hydrodynamic brake which can be used as a brake to help the vehicle's ordinary brakes to reduce the vehicle's speed.
  • the retarder therefore provides the possibility, to a greater or lesser extent, of sparing the ordinary brakes during braking of the vehicle. The more the necessary braking work can be performed by the retarder, the less the vehicle's ordinary brakes will need to be used and hence the less wear there will be on their linings.
  • the retarder is placed at a suitable position in the driveline between the engine and wheels of the vehicle and is therefore drivingly connected to the vehicle's power transmission or its wheels.
  • the braking effect in the retarder is engendered by a hydraulic fluid flow acting on parts which are drivingly connected to the power transmission or the vehicle's wheels.
  • a major problem with hydraulic retarders is that the braking work which is done in the retarder results in heating of the hydraulic oil in the retarder, with a consequent need to remove this heat from the hydraulic oil.
  • This is achieved by the hydraulic oil being cooled by means of coolant contained in the ordinary cooling system of the vehicle's engine.
  • the coolant flow, i.e. the heat removal capacity, of that cooling system depends on the effect of the coolant pump, which depends on the speed at which the pump is run. This speed depends in its turn on the speed of the vehicle's engine.
  • the object of the invention is to be able as far as possible to eliminate the abovementioned severe limitation on the maximum braking effect which may be utilised from the retarder, and to achieve this without any risk of simultaneous boiling of the coolant in the cooling system.
  • the aim is to achieve automatic prevention of boiling at the same time as being able to apply a substantially higher maximum limit to the braking effect which may be utilised from the retarder than has previously been possible.
  • the aforesaid object is achieved according to the invention, on the one hand by a process of the kind indicated in the introduction and distinguished by adoption of the measures indicated in the characterising portion of claim 1, and on the other hand by a control system of the kind indicated in the introduction and exhibiting the features indicated in the characterising portion of claim 5.
  • the idea on which the invention is based may be said to be that the maximum braking effect which may be utilised from the retarder is controlled by means of at least one primary operating parameter, viz. engine speed, possibly also in combination with one or more secondary operating parameters such as, for example, coolant temperature.
  • the single block diagram in the drawing depicts schematically a control system for limitation by engine speed of the maximum braking effect may be utilised from a retarder (a hydrodynamic auxiliary brake) in an engine-driven vehicle. Description of the embodiment
  • the vehicle concerned is only schematically represented in the form of the block 10, which is delineated by a broken line and within which appear the parts of the vehicle which are of primary interest in the present context, viz. the vehicle engine 12, the gearbox 14 adjacent thereto and a hydrodynamic retarder 16 which in this case is fitted adjacent to the gearbox.
  • This retarder constitutes an auxiliary brake for the vehicle, with the task of helping the vehicle's ordinary brakes, such as wheel brakes, to brake the vehicle.
  • the retarder is depicted here as fitted to the gearbox, and the retarder's impeller is drivingly connected to the output shaft of the gearbox via an undepicted gear.
  • the retarder impeller is also permanently drivingly connected to the vehicle's propeller shaft and its rotation speed is proportional to that of the propeller shaft.
  • the stator portion interacting with the impeller is fixed in the retarder housing.
  • the retarder could also inherently be conceived as being placed elsewhere in the driveline between the engine/gearbox and the vehicle's powered wheels 18. Part of this driveline is denoted in the diagram by reference 20.
  • the braking effect developed is converted into heating of the hydraulic operating medium of the retarder, usually a suitable type of hydraulic oil. It is therefore necessary to achieve cooling of the hydraulic oil, which in the present case is done by means of a coolant, usually water, which is contained in and flows through the engine's ordinary cooling system, which is represented in the diagram by a radiator 22 connected to the engine 12 and to the retarder 16.
  • a coolant usually water
  • the left end of the retarder 16 as seen in the diagram constitutes the retarder's oil cooler 24, in which heat exchange takes place between the retarder's hydraulic oil and the cooling system's coolant, which is then cooled in the usual manner in the radiator 22.
  • the flow of coolant through the cooling system is maintained in a conventional manner by means of an undepicted coolant pump which is driven by the engine 12 and whose speed and cooling effect therefore vary with the engine speed.
  • This control circuit incorporates an electrical control unit 26 which is connected to the retarder 16 via the signal line 28.
  • This control unit 26 is connected by signal lines 30, 32 and 34 to an engine speed sensor 36, a propeller shaft speed sensor 38 and a cooling water temperature sensor 40.
  • the control unit 26 is also provided with or connected to an electrical programme control 42 which on the basis of the engine speed sensed by the engine speed sensor 36 adjusts the output signal from the control unit 26 to the retarder 16 (via the line 28) so that the maximum braking effect which can be derived from the retarder will vary with the engine speed in accordance with the graph 44 depicted in the diagram and stored in the control block 42.
  • control of the braking effect of the retarder 16 is exerted indirectly by controlling its braking torque.
  • the control unit For the control unit to be able to calculate the braking torque which corresponds to a given braking effect, it also needs information on the retarder speed at the time.
  • the retarder is permanently drivingly connected to the vehicle's propeller shaft, which makes the retarder speed proportional to the propeller shaft speed, which is therefore used to represent the retarder speed.
  • the control unit is connected via the line 32 to the propeller shaft speed sensor 38 so that the control unit 26 can use signals from the latter for calculating the maximum braking torque which the retarder may be allowed so as to correspond to the maximum braking effect which has previously been calculated for the relevant engine speed according to the graph 44 in the control block 42.
  • Control of the retarder's braking torque is provided in practice by means of a valve arrangement in the retarder which adjusts the oil pressure in the retarder in proportion to the voltage supplied by the control unit 26 via the signal line 28.
  • the basic principle of the invention is that the engine speed is used as control parameter for determining the maximum braking effect the retarder 16 is allowed to develop. It is thus possible at any engine speed value to apply optimum retarder effect without any risk of coolant in the cooling system reaching boiling point anywhere in the cooling medium circuit.
  • the invention thus ensures automatic prevention of boiling.
  • control system has the characteristic that a constant maximum braking effect p, is always available when the engine speed n exceeds a predetermined first break ⁇ point speed n,.
  • This braking effect p corresponds to the maximum which the retarder can provide during normal operating conditions with proper cooling of its hydraulic oil.
  • Reducing the engine speed n results in cooling capacity being reduced correspondingly by the reduced speed of the coolant pump.
  • the maximum available braking effect is controlled so as to decrease in a linear manner with the engine speed n down to a minimum braking effect value p ⁇ .. at a predetermined second break-point speed n 2 .
  • This speed n 2 may itself be set at zero, corresponding to complete engine standstill. In this example, however, the second break-point speed n 2 has been set at a very low speed, e.g. 250 revolutions per minute, which is below the engine's idling speed.
  • the retarder's maximum braking effect p is set so as to increase in an linear manner with decreasing speed n between those speeds up to the braking effect limit value Pno-
  • More precise control of the retarder's braking effect setting can be achieved in modified embodiments of the invention by sensing and applying further operating parameters.
  • One such operating parameter may be the engine water temperature, which is sensed by means of a water temperature sensor 40 connected to the control unit via the line 34.
  • An indicated high water temperature denotes a reduced boiling risk margin and can be applied to shift downwards the whole or parts of the control curve 44.
  • a low water temperature can be applied correspondingly to shift the curve 44 upwards so as to achieve a higher maximum braking effect.
  • the embodiment described is primarily concerned with the operation of the retarder when using maximum braking effect.
  • the retarder may of course also be used for braking the vehicle with smaller effects in an essentially conventional manner.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Transmission Of Braking Force In Braking Systems (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un système de régulation servant à limiter l'effet de freinage maximum produit par un ralentisseur (16) (frein auxiliaire hydrodynamique) dans un véhicule à moteur (10). Le refroidissement du fluide hydraulique chauffé par le freinage exécuté par ledit ralentisseur se fait au moyen du liquide de refroidissement provenant du système de refroidissement normal du moteur du véhicule. L'effet de freinage maximum du ralentisseur (16) est régulé en fonction de la vitesse du moteur du véhicule, au moins, au moyen d'un circuit de régulation électrique comprenant une unité de commande (26) et relié au ralentisseur, et d'un capteur de vitesse de moteur (36) relié à l'unité de régulation (26) à laquelle il envoie son signal de sortie, le signal de sortie de ladite unité de régulation (26) étant envoyé au ralentisseur (16) pour réguler la pression hydraulique maximum dans celui-ci. Le circuit de régulation peut également comprendre un capteur de vitesse d'arbre moteur (38) qui est relié à l'unité de régulation (26), et/ou un capteur de température de liquide de refroidissement (40).
PCT/SE1993/000478 1992-05-22 1993-05-28 Procede et systeme de regulation servant a limiter l'effet de freinage produit par un frein auxiliaire hydrodynamique dans un vehicule a moteur WO1994027845A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE69326025T DE69326025T2 (de) 1993-05-28 1993-05-28 Verfahren und steuerungssystem zur begrenzung des bremseffectes, welcher bei einer hydrodynamischen hilfsbremse eines kraftfahrzeuges benutzt werden kann
BR9307857A BR9307857A (pt) 1992-05-22 1993-05-28 Processo e sistema de controle para limitar o efeito de frenagem que pode ser utilizado a partir de um freio auxiliar hidrodinamico em um veiculo a motor
EP93915043A EP0699144B1 (fr) 1993-05-28 1993-05-28 Procede et systeme de regulation servant a limiter l'effet de freinage produit par un frein auxiliaire hydrodynamique dans un vehicule a moteur
PCT/SE1993/000478 WO1994027845A1 (fr) 1992-05-22 1993-05-28 Procede et systeme de regulation servant a limiter l'effet de freinage produit par un frein auxiliaire hydrodynamique dans un vehicule a moteur

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE9201616A SE507807C2 (sv) 1992-05-22 1992-05-22 Förfarande och styrsystem för begränsning av den bromseffekt som kan uttas från en hydrodynamisk hjälpbroms vid ett motorfordon
PCT/SE1993/000478 WO1994027845A1 (fr) 1992-05-22 1993-05-28 Procede et systeme de regulation servant a limiter l'effet de freinage produit par un frein auxiliaire hydrodynamique dans un vehicule a moteur

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1994027845A1 true WO1994027845A1 (fr) 1994-12-08

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Family Applications (1)

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PCT/SE1993/000478 WO1994027845A1 (fr) 1992-05-22 1993-05-28 Procede et systeme de regulation servant a limiter l'effet de freinage produit par un frein auxiliaire hydrodynamique dans un vehicule a moteur

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO1994027845A1 (fr)

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998017518A1 (fr) * 1996-10-18 1998-04-30 Voith Turbo Gmbh & Co. Kg Adaptation du couple de freinage d'un systeme primaire en fonction de la position de passage des vitesses de la boite
EP0873924A1 (fr) 1997-04-23 1998-10-28 Voith Turbo GmbH & Co. KG Procédé et dispositif pour limiter l'action maximum de reinage d'un ralentisseur secondaire
DE19716919A1 (de) * 1997-04-23 1998-10-29 Voith Turbo Kg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur maximalen Ausnutzung der Bremswirkung eines Retarders
DE19716922A1 (de) * 1997-04-23 1998-11-05 Voith Turbo Kg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur geregelten Begrenzung der Bremswirkung eines Retarders
EP0953489A2 (fr) 1998-03-25 1999-11-03 Voith Turbo GmbH & Co. KG Unité de commande et / ou banc de mémoire pour un ralentisseur
EP0873926A3 (fr) * 1997-04-23 2000-03-22 Voith Turbo GmbH & Co. KG Procédé et dispositif pour l'utilisation maximale de freinage d'un relantisseur
DE19848544C1 (de) * 1998-10-22 2000-06-21 Voith Turbo Kg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erhöhung der Bremsmomentenausnutzung eines hydrodynamischen Retarders in einem Kraftfahrzeug
WO2001081138A1 (fr) * 2000-04-25 2001-11-01 Scania Cv Ab Dispositif de commande d'un premier frein auxiliaire d'un vehicule, et systeme de freinage d'un vehicule
EP1053923A3 (fr) * 1999-05-19 2002-08-28 Voith Turbo GmbH & Co. KG Ralentisseur hydrodynamique et dispositif de commande électronique d'un ralentisseur hydrodynamique
EP1129915A3 (fr) * 2000-03-02 2003-01-02 Voith Turbo GmbH & Co. KG Procédé pour améliorer la disponibilité d'un moteur d'entraínement et dispositif de contrôle
WO2006007902A1 (fr) * 2004-07-17 2006-01-26 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Agencement d'une commande de ralentisseur electronique (ecu)
WO2007046756A1 (fr) * 2005-10-21 2007-04-26 Scania Cv Ab (Publ) Systeme de commande moteur
DE102007008446A1 (de) * 2007-02-19 2008-08-21 Voith Patent Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Optimieren der Bremsarbeit eines Retarders
US20130173131A1 (en) * 2010-04-29 2013-07-04 Jurgen Betz Method for Limiting the Maximum Brake Performance Which Can Be Accessed of a Hydrodynamic Brake
CN115056756A (zh) * 2022-06-24 2022-09-16 一汽解放汽车有限公司 一种缓速器功率限制方法

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2923406A1 (de) * 1978-06-09 1979-12-20 Gen Motors Corp Bremsanlage mit einer hydrodynamischen bremse und einer zugeordneten reibungsbremse
GB2081829A (en) * 1980-08-12 1982-02-24 Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen Hydraulic retarders
GB2134245A (en) * 1983-01-19 1984-08-08 Daimler Benz Ag A method of controlling the heating capacity of a hydrodynamic brake
EP0507745A2 (fr) * 1991-03-13 1992-10-07 IVECO FIAT S.p.A. Système de commande d'un ralentisseur hydraulique pour véhicules industriels et véhicule muni du système

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2923406A1 (de) * 1978-06-09 1979-12-20 Gen Motors Corp Bremsanlage mit einer hydrodynamischen bremse und einer zugeordneten reibungsbremse
GB2081829A (en) * 1980-08-12 1982-02-24 Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen Hydraulic retarders
GB2134245A (en) * 1983-01-19 1984-08-08 Daimler Benz Ag A method of controlling the heating capacity of a hydrodynamic brake
EP0507745A2 (fr) * 1991-03-13 1992-10-07 IVECO FIAT S.p.A. Système de commande d'un ralentisseur hydraulique pour véhicules industriels et véhicule muni du système

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
ATZ Automobiltechnische Zeitschrift, Volume 95, No. 5, May 1993, M. SCHWAB, W. HAERDTLE, K.F. HEINZELMANN, "Ein integrierter hydrodynamischer Retarder fuer die neue Ecosplit-Getriebereihe", page 254, column 3 - page 255, column 1, see from "Temperaturbegrenzung". *

Cited By (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6090010A (en) * 1996-10-18 2000-07-18 Voith Turbo Gmbh & Co. K.G. System for adapting the braking moment of a primary system as a function of the gear speed setting
WO1998017518A1 (fr) * 1996-10-18 1998-04-30 Voith Turbo Gmbh & Co. Kg Adaptation du couple de freinage d'un systeme primaire en fonction de la position de passage des vitesses de la boite
DE19716919C2 (de) * 1997-04-23 2001-07-12 Voith Turbo Kg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur maximalen Ausnutzung der Bremswirkung eines Retarders
DE19716923B4 (de) * 1997-04-23 2006-08-17 Voith Turbo Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Begrenzung der maximal ausnutzbaren Bremswirkung eines Sekundärretarders
EP0873926A3 (fr) * 1997-04-23 2000-03-22 Voith Turbo GmbH & Co. KG Procédé et dispositif pour l'utilisation maximale de freinage d'un relantisseur
EP0873925A3 (fr) * 1997-04-23 2000-03-22 Voith Turbo GmbH & Co. KG Procédé et dispositif pour limitation controllée de freinage d'un relantisseur
DE19716922A1 (de) * 1997-04-23 1998-11-05 Voith Turbo Kg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur geregelten Begrenzung der Bremswirkung eines Retarders
DE19716919A1 (de) * 1997-04-23 1998-10-29 Voith Turbo Kg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur maximalen Ausnutzung der Bremswirkung eines Retarders
EP0873924A1 (fr) 1997-04-23 1998-10-28 Voith Turbo GmbH & Co. KG Procédé et dispositif pour limiter l'action maximum de reinage d'un ralentisseur secondaire
DE19716922C2 (de) * 1997-04-23 2001-08-02 Voith Turbo Kg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur geregelten Begrenzung der Bremswirkung eines Retarders
EP0953489A2 (fr) 1998-03-25 1999-11-03 Voith Turbo GmbH & Co. KG Unité de commande et / ou banc de mémoire pour un ralentisseur
EP0953489A3 (fr) * 1998-03-25 2000-03-29 Voith Turbo GmbH & Co. KG Unité de commande et / ou banc de mémoire pour un ralentisseur
DE19848544C1 (de) * 1998-10-22 2000-06-21 Voith Turbo Kg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erhöhung der Bremsmomentenausnutzung eines hydrodynamischen Retarders in einem Kraftfahrzeug
US6546899B1 (en) * 1998-10-22 2003-04-15 Voith Turbo Gmbh & Co. Kg Method and device for increasing the use of the braking moment of a retarder in an automobile
EP1053923A3 (fr) * 1999-05-19 2002-08-28 Voith Turbo GmbH & Co. KG Ralentisseur hydrodynamique et dispositif de commande électronique d'un ralentisseur hydrodynamique
EP1129915A3 (fr) * 2000-03-02 2003-01-02 Voith Turbo GmbH & Co. KG Procédé pour améliorer la disponibilité d'un moteur d'entraínement et dispositif de contrôle
DE10009959B4 (de) * 2000-03-02 2005-04-28 Voith Turbo Kg Verfahren zum Schutz einer Antriebsmaschine vor Überhitzung und Steuer-und/oder Regelvorrichtung dafür
WO2001081138A1 (fr) * 2000-04-25 2001-11-01 Scania Cv Ab Dispositif de commande d'un premier frein auxiliaire d'un vehicule, et systeme de freinage d'un vehicule
WO2006007902A1 (fr) * 2004-07-17 2006-01-26 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Agencement d'une commande de ralentisseur electronique (ecu)
WO2007046756A1 (fr) * 2005-10-21 2007-04-26 Scania Cv Ab (Publ) Systeme de commande moteur
DE102007008446A1 (de) * 2007-02-19 2008-08-21 Voith Patent Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Optimieren der Bremsarbeit eines Retarders
US20130173131A1 (en) * 2010-04-29 2013-07-04 Jurgen Betz Method for Limiting the Maximum Brake Performance Which Can Be Accessed of a Hydrodynamic Brake
CN115056756A (zh) * 2022-06-24 2022-09-16 一汽解放汽车有限公司 一种缓速器功率限制方法

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