WO1994021143A1 - Glaçure pour produits alimentaires - Google Patents
Glaçure pour produits alimentaires Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1994021143A1 WO1994021143A1 PCT/US1994/002851 US9402851W WO9421143A1 WO 1994021143 A1 WO1994021143 A1 WO 1994021143A1 US 9402851 W US9402851 W US 9402851W WO 9421143 A1 WO9421143 A1 WO 9421143A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- composition
- starch
- acid
- gum
- dextrin
- Prior art date
Links
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 120
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims description 22
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 22
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims description 22
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims description 22
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 229920000881 Modified starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004368 Modified starch Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000019426 modified starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000019820 disodium diphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- GYQBBRRVRKFJRG-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium pyrophosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OP([O-])(=O)OP(O)([O-])=O GYQBBRRVRKFJRG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000012020 french fries Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001285 xanthan gum Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000230 xanthan gum Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000010493 xanthan gum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 229940082509 xanthan gum Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000403 monosodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019799 monosodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].OP(O)([O-])=O AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002774 Maltodextrin Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005913 Maltodextrin Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- ZQKXOSJYJMDROL-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminum;trisodium;diphosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Al+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O ZQKXOSJYJMDROL-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940035034 maltodextrin Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- PHOQVHQSTUBQQK-SQOUGZDYSA-N D-glucono-1,5-lactone Chemical compound OC[C@H]1OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O PHOQVHQSTUBQQK-SQOUGZDYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 240000003183 Manihot esculenta Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000016735 Manihot esculenta subsp esculenta Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000012209 glucono delta-lactone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000182 glucono-delta-lactone Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960003681 gluconolactone Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 108010073771 Soybean Proteins Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- MKJXYGKVIBWPFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium lactate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CC(O)C([O-])=O.CC(O)C([O-])=O MKJXYGKVIBWPFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001527 calcium lactate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011086 calcium lactate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960002401 calcium lactate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- FYGDTMLNYKFZSV-MRCIVHHJSA-N dextrin Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)OC1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)OC(O[C@@H]2[C@H](O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O)CO)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O FYGDTMLNYKFZSV-MRCIVHHJSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940001941 soy protein Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000013 Ammonium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 claims description 2
- 108010058846 Ovalbumin Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 108010046377 Whey Proteins Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 102000007544 Whey Proteins Human genes 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012538 ammonium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011010 calcium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011132 calcium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940071162 caseinate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019691 monocalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000150 monocalcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011736 potassium bicarbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000015497 potassium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000028 potassium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydrogencarbonate Chemical compound [K+].OC([O-])=O TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 2
- GJCOSYZMQJWQCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9H-xanthene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CC3=CC=CC=C3OC2=C1 GJCOSYZMQJWQCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000005862 Whey Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 12
- 235000010855 food raising agent Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 10
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000012015 potatoes Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920002261 Corn starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 244000098338 Triticum aestivum Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000008162 cooking oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008120 corn starch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000591 gum Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012254 powdered material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002245 Dextrose equivalent Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 244000098345 Triticum durum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007264 Triticum durum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001175 calcium sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013365 dairy product Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003292 diminished effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019688 fish Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000014571 nuts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002085 persistent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000013594 poultry meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000014102 seafood Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000021119 whey protein Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23L19/00—Products from fruits or vegetables; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L19/10—Products from fruits or vegetables; Preparation or treatment thereof of tuberous or like starch containing root crops
- A23L19/12—Products from fruits or vegetables; Preparation or treatment thereof of tuberous or like starch containing root crops of potatoes
- A23L19/18—Roasted or fried products, e.g. snacks or chips
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23P—SHAPING OR WORKING OF FOODSTUFFS, NOT FULLY COVERED BY A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS
- A23P20/00—Coating of foodstuffs; Coatings therefor; Making laminated, multi-layered, stuffed or hollow foodstuffs
- A23P20/10—Coating with edible coatings, e.g. with oils or fats
- A23P20/12—Apparatus or processes for applying powders or particles to foodstuffs, e.g. for breading; Such apparatus combined with means for pre-moistening or battering
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23P—SHAPING OR WORKING OF FOODSTUFFS, NOT FULLY COVERED BY A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS
- A23P20/00—Coating of foodstuffs; Coatings therefor; Making laminated, multi-layered, stuffed or hollow foodstuffs
- A23P20/20—Making of laminated, multi-layered, stuffed or hollow foodstuffs, e.g. by wrapping in preformed edible dough sheets or in edible food containers
- A23P20/25—Filling or stuffing cored food pieces, e.g. combined with coring or making cavities
- A23P2020/251—Tempura batter; Leavened or other aerate batter or coating
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a glaze for raw, partially-cooked or fully-cooked food products intended to be re-heated or fully cooked for consumption which imparts crispness and crunchiness to the product and a retention of such textures after being held.
- the present invention provides a novel food product glaze, herein referred to as a "glaze”, which may be formulated to be translucent and hence provide a more natural appearance to the food substrate to which it is applied.
- the glaze also may be formulated to be partially or wholly opaque, depending on the ingredients of the composition and their relative proportions, as described below.
- the glaze provided herein imparts a unique combination of properties to the fully-cooked food substrate bearing the glaze, including a desirable crispness and crunchiness and range of textures achieving such desirable properties under various cooking techniques such as frying, baking or microwaving.
- the desirable properties also are retained when the fully- cooked product is maintained at an edible temperature for subsequent consumption, for example, under a heating lamp, in a holding cabinet or on a steam table.
- the present invention employs a blend of starches, dextrins and gums or other viscosity-building materials with wheat flour and one of two different combinations of other components to ensure that a unique interrupted glaze film is provided on the food substrate.
- This film is readily distinguishable organoleptically from the continuous film produced by conventional starch/dextrin polymers.
- composition (A) which tend to produce a glaze which has a more colored appearance and tender crisp texture
- composition (B) which tend to produce a glaze which has a less colored and harder crisp texture
- the first component of the compositions of the invention is wheat flour, which may be hard or soft.
- the wheat flour provides enrobing stability, diminished tackiness and stickiness and improved textural qualities. Preferably it is non-chlorinated.
- the quantity of wheat flour present in the composition may vary from about 5 to about 50 wt%, and preferably from about 5 to 25 wt%. An increasing quantity of such flour leads to a more opaque product.
- the next essential component is starch which may comprise a combination of a modified starch, preferably a modified corn-based or a modified potato-based starch, and rice or corn flour.
- the rice or corn flour may be in native or pregelatinized form. White corn flour is preferred to minimize color contribution from this component.
- Rice or Corn Flour (A) about 2 to 25 wt% about 2 to 15 wt% about 10 to 40 wt%
- Acid Thinned Starch (A) about 5 to 50 wt% about 10 to 35 wt% 0 to about 35 wt%
- both corn and potato-based starch in a weight ratio of about 1:1
- the weight ratio of wheat flour to total starch in composition (A) may vary from about 1:1 to 1:11 and preferably will be about 1:3.
- the weight ratio of wheat flour to total starch in composition (B) may vary from about 1:2 to 1:8 and preferably will be about 1:6.5.
- a dextrin must also be present as a component of the compositions.
- Such dextrin may include, for example, a maltodextrin, a corn dextrin, a rice dextrin, or a tapioca dextrin.
- dextrins with lower dextrose equivalent, particularly below about 1 and more particularly about 0, are preferred since they exhibit less tendency to brown when fried and lead to a greater fracturability of the glaze in the fully cooked product.
- Quantities of dextrin based on the total weight of the compositions may vary from about 2 to 20 wt%, and preferably will be about 5 to 15 wt%.
- a proportion of dextrin approximating that of each of the starches is employed, although the relative proportions may vary.
- the preferred weight ratio of dextrin to total starch is about 1:5 to 1:15.
- the weight ratio of dextrin to total starch to wheat flour present in composition (A) generally varies fro ⁇ T about 1:1 to 15: 1 to 3 and preferably is about 1:3:1.
- the weight ratio is about 1:5 to 15:1 to 5 and preferably about 1:10:1.5.
- a gum such as xanthan gum or methylcellulose
- composition (A) and optional in composition (B) in order to better hydrate the starch, leading to improved product qualities, as well as providing enrobing stability.
- Relatively small quantities of gum are employed, generally from about 0.1 to 5 wt%, preferably about 0.1 to 2.5 wt% for composition (A) and preferably about 0.1 to 0.25 wt% for composition (B) if present, of the overall composition.
- other materials providing like viscosity-building effects may be employed in place of the gum, such as pregelatinized cereals, proteins and fiber.
- the flour, starch, dextrin and gum components of the compositions are combined with water to form a glaze for application in a layer preferably less than about 2mm in thickness and most preferably less than about 1mm in thickness to a food substrate, typically french fries, but including any food substrate which can be coated and frozen, or coated, cooked, frozen or chilled and subsequently reheated or fully cooked by frying, baking or microwaving to an edible condition, or served at ambient temperature.
- the potential substrates thus include vegetables, fruit, nuts, meat, poultry, fish, seafood, dairy products and cereals. After the substrate is coated, it may be chilled, frozen or par- or fully- cooked.
- the compositions of the invention also may be employed as an outer glaze on a pre-coated food product.
- composition (A) additional components comprising, in the case of composition (A) , combinations of proteins and food-grade acids and, in the case of composition (B) , combinations of leavening agents, leavening acids and optionally calcium salts.
- additional components contribute significantly to the appearance, texture and keeping qualities of the final glazed product.
- composition (A) and composition (B) the food grade or leavening acid provides a controlled color in the final product, which may vary from no color to a golden brown.
- additional protein in composition (A) such as soy protein, egg albumin, caseinate salts or whey protein, appears to break up the continuous nature of the film otherwise produced by the flour, starch, dextrin and gum combination, leading to improved crispness and crunchiness and the desirable shortness of texture, both initially and on holding, exhibited by this invention.
- the quantity of additional protein which may be used in composition (A) may vary from about 2 to 20 wt%, and preferably will be about 2 to 10 wt%.
- the food-grade acid interacts with the protein and the starches in composition (A) to provide increased crispness and crunchiness and a better retention of the textural properties under heating lamps or in a holding cabinet.
- Food-grade acids generally are present in an amount of about 0.1 to 2.5 wt% and preferably about 0.2 to 1.5 wt% of composition (A).
- citric acid which appears to contribute more to increased crispness and crunchiness on holding.
- Citric acid also has a pronounced effect on browning, decreasing color generation on cooking.
- monosodium phosphate which appears to contribute more to increased initial crispness and crunchiness. Accordingly, it is preferred to use a combination of citric acid and monosodium phosphate in composition (A) .
- Such combination generally is employed in a weight ratio of citric acid to monosodium phosphate of about 1:1 to 1:3.
- composition (A) can be achieved by utilizing leavening agents and acids in place of the additional protein, as in composition (B) .
- leavening agents and acids in place of the additional protein, as in composition (B) .
- Such materials enhance the textural characteristics of the glaze and have the added benefit of further decreasing the browning reaction, particularly at a lower dextrin and leavening alkali content which enables a glaze with very low or no color to be achieved, which may be desirable in certain applications.
- the leavening agent may comprise a combination of chemicals which react together to form a gaseous material, which then causes the formation of a disrupted film on the food product.
- Such leavening agent generally comprises a food grade bicarbonate alkali, usually sodium bicarbonate, and a food grade leavening acid, usually sodium acid pyrophosphate (SAPP) , which react together to form a leavening gas.
- SAPP sodium acid pyrophosphate
- the quantities of such chemicals used generally is sufficient to neutralize each other.
- the proportions employed are about 0.1 to 2.5 wt% and preferably about 0.5 to 1.3 wt%, for NaHC0 3 , and about 0.1 to 3.5 wt%, preferably about 0.7 to 1.8 wt% for SAPP.
- Other reaction rate controlled acids such as sodium aluminum phosphate and monocalcium phosphate may be employed in combination with or independently of SAPP.
- Potassium bicarbonate or ammonium bicarbonate may be used as the alkali in combination with or independently of sodium bicarbonate.
- the leavening agents generally are employed along with a reduced level of dextrin when it is desired to provide a less colored glaze. When higher dextrin levels are desired, leavening agents are reduced for a similar effect.
- Control of browning of the glaze also may be achieved by using heat-activated leavening acids as an additional component of the composition without significantly interfering with the leavening reaction.
- Useful heat-activated acids may comprise a combination of glucono-delta-lactone (GDL) and sodium aluminum phosphate. Such materials may be present in an amount of about 0.1 to 5.0 wt% and preferably about 0.5 to 2.0 wt%.
- They should generally be present in a weight ratio of about 1:1 to 1:3, and preferably at a ratio of about 1:2.
- a calcium salt preferably will be present to provide improved properties to the glaze, by increasing glaze hardness, thereby contributing to crunchiness, and by improving the holding qualities of the glaze.
- the calcium salt also serves to control the leavening activity of the acid component of the leavening agent and to decrease any off-flavour introduced particularly by SAPP.
- Such calcium salt preferably comprises calcium lactate although other calcium salts, such as calcium phosphate and calcium sulphate may be employed.
- the calcium salt may be present in an amount of about 0.1 to 1.5 wt% and preferably about 0.2 to 0.6 wt%.
- Flavorings may be included in the composition, depending on the food substrate to which the glaze is to be applied.
- the dry mixture of components of the compositions are mixed with water generally in the weight ratio of 10 parts of solids to 7 to 20 parts water, and preferably about 10 parts solids to 10 to 14 parts water.
- the resulting mixture is left to stand at temperatures of about 2 - 20°C and preferably about 5 - 15°C for a period of time sufficient to permit hydration of the starches, such as about 15 minutes.
- This provides improved texture over the non-fully hydrated material in terms of a shorter, crispier and crunchier glaze on the fully-cooked product, fresh or after holding.
- the dry mixture of components can be applied in dry form to a moist substrate surface.
- the coated food substrate then can be par-fried under suitable conditions to gelatinize the starch and form an interrupted, film-like glaze on the product.
- such glaze may be transparent, partially opaque or opaque, depending on the quantity of wheat flour or starch which is present and the nature and quantity of the additional components present.
- the following examples illustrate various facets of the invention. It should be understood, however, that these examples are meant to be illustrative of the invention which is not intended to be limited thereto.
- This Example contains illustrations of composition (A) .
- compositions were formulated from dry powdered materials in parts by weight as follows:
- Soy protein concentrate 5.0 5.0
- the dry mixture was mixed with water in the weight ratio of 10:14.0 and left to stand for 15 mins. at about 13°C to effect hydration and produce a glaze having a viscosity (composition (1) ) of about 18/22 seconds on Zahn No. 5 cup at 13°C or (composition ⁇ 2) ) of 620 to 700 cps on Brookfield Viscometer DMVII using Spindle 3 at 50 rpm.
- French fried potatoes were dipped in the glaze to be completely coated with glaze, excess glaze removed by air and then fried for 30 seconds at 190°C in cooking oil, before freezing.
- the french fries had a lightly- glazed appearance.
- the par-fried, frozen french fries were subsequently cooked by frying in cooking oil at 175°C for 2 X ⁇ minutes.
- the fully-fried french fries exhibited a golden-brown color and were found to have a superior light, crisp and crunchy texture.
- the french fries Upon leaving the french fries to stand for 15 to 30 minutes under standard restaurant infrared heating lamps, the french fries were found to exhibit similar textural properties as before exposure to the lamp, showing retention of the properties. Visual and textural characteristics differed as follows:
- Composition (1) Exhibited a crisp, fracturable texture, a rough surface and a darker golden brown color.
- Composition (2) Exhibited a tender crisp texture, a smoother surface and a light golden brown color.
- This Example contains illustrations of composition (B) .
- compositions were formulated from dry powdered materials in parts by weight as follows:
- the dry mixture was mixed with water in various weight ratios and left to stand for 15 . mins. to effect hydration, the viscosity for which was determined using a Zahn No. 5 cup and a Brookfield viscometer, model DMVII, using spindle No. 4 at 20 rpm.
- the specific values obtained were:
- Composition (3) Exhibited a crispy, crunchy texture, a smooth surface and a light color.
- Composition (4) Exhibited a crisp texture and an even smoother glaze and lighter color.
- composition (5) Exhibited a light crisp texture, smooth glaze and light color. In the comparison of compositions (1) and (2) in Example 1, with (3), (4) and (5) in Example 2, both visual and textural differences were apparent.
- compositions exhibited a more translucent surface, a darker color, a lightly coated but rougher surface and a more tender crisp and shorter textural quality.
- compositions exhibited a more opaque surface, a lighter color, a non-distinct and smoother surface and a more pronounced and persistent crispy, crunchy texture.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- General Preparation And Processing Of Foods (AREA)
- Grain Derivatives (AREA)
- Seeds, Soups, And Other Foods (AREA)
Abstract
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP6521219A JPH08507697A (ja) | 1993-03-17 | 1994-03-16 | 食品グレイズ |
EP94910954A EP0689390A1 (fr) | 1993-03-17 | 1994-03-16 | Gla ure pour produits alimentaires |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB9305491.4 | 1993-03-17 | ||
GB939305491A GB9305491D0 (en) | 1993-03-17 | 1993-03-17 | Food product glaze |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1994021143A1 true WO1994021143A1 (fr) | 1994-09-29 |
Family
ID=10732215
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1994/002851 WO1994021143A1 (fr) | 1993-03-17 | 1994-03-16 | Glaçure pour produits alimentaires |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0689390A1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JPH08507697A (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2158456C (fr) |
GB (1) | GB9305491D0 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1994021143A1 (fr) |
Cited By (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0648433A3 (fr) * | 1993-10-13 | 1996-04-17 | Gen Foods Inc | Amélioration dans la texture d'une enrobage alimentaire par addition d'un système proteine/acide/sucre réducteur. |
EP0696173A4 (fr) * | 1993-04-14 | 1997-05-02 | Griffith Lab Worldwide Inc | Matrice de liaison alimentaire pour denrees alimentaires formees |
WO1997029653A1 (fr) * | 1996-02-12 | 1997-08-21 | Griffith Laboratories Worldwide, Inc. | Composition seche pour pate a frire contenant de la farine de ble tendre et un systeme de levure |
US5928693A (en) * | 1997-11-14 | 1999-07-27 | Cerestar Holding B.V. | Clear coat composition for potato products and method of making |
WO2002049461A1 (fr) * | 2000-12-21 | 2002-06-27 | Cerestar Holding B.V. | Composition de pate a frire comprenant de l'amidon, de la dextrine et de la farine de riz, destinee a des produits alimentaires frits |
WO2003046082A1 (fr) * | 2001-11-29 | 2003-06-05 | Grands Moulins De Paris | Materiaux plastiques biodegradables |
EP1255443A4 (fr) * | 2000-02-07 | 2005-11-09 | Advanced Food Technologies | Composition d'enrobage dispersable dans l'eau pour aliments frits ou analogue |
EP1328160A4 (fr) * | 2000-09-21 | 2006-04-19 | Advanced Food Technologies | Composition de revetement non reticulable dispersable dans l'eau pour substrats alimentaires |
EP1654933A1 (fr) * | 2004-11-03 | 2006-05-10 | Fomesa Fruitech, S.L. | Composition d'enrobage comestible pour des fruits et légumes |
US7294355B2 (en) | 2001-07-12 | 2007-11-13 | Advance Food Technologies, Inc. | Snack/convenience foods and the like having external and/or internal coating compositions |
US20090098256A1 (en) * | 2001-07-12 | 2009-04-16 | Stevens Cheree L B | Coating compositions for dough-based goods including doughnuts and other products |
US7964231B2 (en) | 2001-07-12 | 2011-06-21 | Advanced Food Technologies, Inc. | Coated potato substrates having reduced fat content |
US7998512B1 (en) | 2005-01-14 | 2011-08-16 | Advanced Food Technologies, Inc. | Dough-enrobed foodstuff |
US8043643B1 (en) | 2000-09-21 | 2011-10-25 | Advanced Food Technologies, Inc. | Coated cereal pieces |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2916663A4 (fr) * | 2012-11-09 | 2016-08-17 | Sensient Colors Llc | Agents de modification de l'opacité pour des produits comestibles |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4415599A (en) * | 1982-05-13 | 1983-11-15 | Carnation Company | Gravy or sauce mix |
US4910028A (en) * | 1985-03-06 | 1990-03-20 | Griffith Laboratories U.S.A., Inc. | Honey coated and honey glazed roasted nuts and method for producing same |
US4948608A (en) * | 1987-09-03 | 1990-08-14 | International Flavors & Fragrances Inc. | Process for preparing oil-impervious, water retaining silicon oxide derivative-containing food products |
US5192567A (en) * | 1992-01-21 | 1993-03-09 | Griffith Laboratories Worldwide, Inc. | Glossy coated fried and baked foods and method for making |
-
1993
- 1993-03-17 GB GB939305491A patent/GB9305491D0/en active Pending
-
1994
- 1994-03-16 JP JP6521219A patent/JPH08507697A/ja active Pending
- 1994-03-16 CA CA002158456A patent/CA2158456C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-03-16 EP EP94910954A patent/EP0689390A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 1994-03-16 WO PCT/US1994/002851 patent/WO1994021143A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4415599A (en) * | 1982-05-13 | 1983-11-15 | Carnation Company | Gravy or sauce mix |
US4910028A (en) * | 1985-03-06 | 1990-03-20 | Griffith Laboratories U.S.A., Inc. | Honey coated and honey glazed roasted nuts and method for producing same |
US4948608A (en) * | 1987-09-03 | 1990-08-14 | International Flavors & Fragrances Inc. | Process for preparing oil-impervious, water retaining silicon oxide derivative-containing food products |
US5192567A (en) * | 1992-01-21 | 1993-03-09 | Griffith Laboratories Worldwide, Inc. | Glossy coated fried and baked foods and method for making |
Cited By (21)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0696173A4 (fr) * | 1993-04-14 | 1997-05-02 | Griffith Lab Worldwide Inc | Matrice de liaison alimentaire pour denrees alimentaires formees |
EP0648433A3 (fr) * | 1993-10-13 | 1996-04-17 | Gen Foods Inc | Amélioration dans la texture d'une enrobage alimentaire par addition d'un système proteine/acide/sucre réducteur. |
WO1997029653A1 (fr) * | 1996-02-12 | 1997-08-21 | Griffith Laboratories Worldwide, Inc. | Composition seche pour pate a frire contenant de la farine de ble tendre et un systeme de levure |
AU712513B2 (en) * | 1996-02-12 | 1999-11-11 | Griffith Laboratories Worldwide, Inc. | Dry composition for batter coating comprising soft wheat flour and leavening system |
US6335041B1 (en) | 1996-02-12 | 2002-01-01 | Griffith Laboratories Worldwide Inc. | Dry composition for batter coating comprising soft wheat flour and leavening system |
US5928693A (en) * | 1997-11-14 | 1999-07-27 | Cerestar Holding B.V. | Clear coat composition for potato products and method of making |
EP0916268A3 (fr) * | 1997-11-14 | 2001-01-24 | Cerestar Holding Bv | Composition d'enrobage transparente comprenant un amidon de type dusu2 or aedu acetylé, une dextrine et de la farine de riz, pour enrober des produits à base de pommes de terre |
EP1255443A4 (fr) * | 2000-02-07 | 2005-11-09 | Advanced Food Technologies | Composition d'enrobage dispersable dans l'eau pour aliments frits ou analogue |
EP1328160A4 (fr) * | 2000-09-21 | 2006-04-19 | Advanced Food Technologies | Composition de revetement non reticulable dispersable dans l'eau pour substrats alimentaires |
US8043643B1 (en) | 2000-09-21 | 2011-10-25 | Advanced Food Technologies, Inc. | Coated cereal pieces |
WO2002049461A1 (fr) * | 2000-12-21 | 2002-06-27 | Cerestar Holding B.V. | Composition de pate a frire comprenant de l'amidon, de la dextrine et de la farine de riz, destinee a des produits alimentaires frits |
US7294355B2 (en) | 2001-07-12 | 2007-11-13 | Advance Food Technologies, Inc. | Snack/convenience foods and the like having external and/or internal coating compositions |
US20090098256A1 (en) * | 2001-07-12 | 2009-04-16 | Stevens Cheree L B | Coating compositions for dough-based goods including doughnuts and other products |
US7906164B2 (en) | 2001-07-12 | 2011-03-15 | Advanced Food Technologies, Inc. | Snack/convenience foods and the like having external and/or internal coating compositions |
US7964231B2 (en) | 2001-07-12 | 2011-06-21 | Advanced Food Technologies, Inc. | Coated potato substrates having reduced fat content |
US8163321B1 (en) | 2001-07-12 | 2012-04-24 | Advanced Food Technologies, Inc. | Coated potato substrates having reduced fat content |
US8486471B2 (en) | 2001-07-12 | 2013-07-16 | Advanced Food Technologies Inc. | Snack/convenience foods and the like having external and/or internal coating compositions |
WO2003046082A1 (fr) * | 2001-11-29 | 2003-06-05 | Grands Moulins De Paris | Materiaux plastiques biodegradables |
US8048459B2 (en) | 2002-10-09 | 2011-11-01 | Advanced Food Technologies, Inc. | External coating composition for toaster pastries and other pastry products |
EP1654933A1 (fr) * | 2004-11-03 | 2006-05-10 | Fomesa Fruitech, S.L. | Composition d'enrobage comestible pour des fruits et légumes |
US7998512B1 (en) | 2005-01-14 | 2011-08-16 | Advanced Food Technologies, Inc. | Dough-enrobed foodstuff |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2158456C (fr) | 1999-03-09 |
EP0689390A1 (fr) | 1996-01-03 |
JPH08507697A (ja) | 1996-08-20 |
CA2158456A1 (fr) | 1994-09-29 |
GB9305491D0 (en) | 1993-05-05 |
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