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WO1994020689A1 - Composition destinee a recouvrir une decharge et procede d'application aux decharges - Google Patents

Composition destinee a recouvrir une decharge et procede d'application aux decharges Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1994020689A1
WO1994020689A1 PCT/US1994/001856 US9401856W WO9420689A1 WO 1994020689 A1 WO1994020689 A1 WO 1994020689A1 US 9401856 W US9401856 W US 9401856W WO 9420689 A1 WO9420689 A1 WO 9420689A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sheet
recited
composition
adhesive
adhering
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1994/001856
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Fritz Kramer
Francis R. Bowerman
G. Graham Allan
John P. Carroll
Original Assignee
Aqua-Shed, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Aqua-Shed, Inc. filed Critical Aqua-Shed, Inc.
Priority to AU63930/94A priority Critical patent/AU6393094A/en
Publication of WO1994020689A1 publication Critical patent/WO1994020689A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B1/00—Dumping solid waste
    • B09B1/004—Covering of dumping sites
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/30—Landfill technologies aiming to mitigate methane emissions

Definitions

  • This application relates to sheet structures effective as coverings for landfills.
  • the application further relates to processes for the placement of such structures on landfills.
  • the invention further relates to methods of securing these sheets on the surface of the landfill.
  • the final cover is a complex multi-layered structure, involving compacted layers of low permeability clay.
  • the purpose of the daily and intermediate covers is to control and minimize (1) blowing paper and litter, (2) scavenging by birds, rodents and dogs, (3) buildups of insect populations, (4) fire hazards, (5) odor generations, and (6) water infiltration.
  • Each of the soil covers also provides temporary, and of course, final aesthetic improvements to the area, during and after the filling of the dump site.
  • the soil cover takes up a large amount of the volume of the total landfill space which therefore cannot be used as a disposal volume for solid waste. Typically, this can constitute 20-30% of the total landfill volume. As a consequence, the landfill reaches maturity more rapidly and a new landfill site must then be found for the continuing flow of solid waste being generated by society.
  • geotextiles These geotextiles are usually spunbonded polypropylene webs. While these are strong and low-cost, they are deficient in several crucial respects. First, polypropylene is not regarded as biodegradable and is commonly used for outdoor carpeting and as synthetic turf in stadiums. Second, this plastic is highly flammable and cannot be readily rendered nonflammable. Third, it is made from oil, a nonrenewable source. Fourth, these nonwoven sheets are not watertight, nor gas and odor tight. Even if these deficiencies are ignored, there is no low-cost, convenient and satisfactory method for attaching the geotextile to the surface of the garbage in the landfill so as to prevent the geotextile from being blown away by the wind.
  • This invention is a cover for landfills which comprises a sheet comprising an essentially nonflammable, flexible, plasticized, polyvinyl chloride-based film, at least 60 inches in width and not less than 20 feet in length.
  • the sheet is coated on one side with a permanently tacky adhesive, but under certain conditions the adhesive may not be necessary.
  • the uncoated sheets are particularly useful for conditions where the sheets may be removed and reused, rather than being buried with solid waste each day.
  • the sheet coating is also preferably not capable of supporting combustion, but may be flammable if the combination of sheet and coating is not capable of supporting combustion when placed on the surface of the landfill.
  • the invention further encompasses various processes for the attachment of the above cover to the surface of the garbage dumped in the landfill.
  • the preferred attachment process depends on a permanently tacky adhesive which holds the sheet onto the surface of the compacted landfill.
  • the plastic film selected as the basic component of the landfill cover must be essentially nonflammable and highly flexible and drapeable.
  • Film of this type is an article of commerce and is available from many suppliers in a variety of aerial densities, also known as basis weights.
  • a basis weight of at least 5 lb per 1000 square feet is needed to give a sheet the strength necessary to be handled and placed on the compacted garbage.
  • a paper width of at least 60 inches is also needed so that the number of seams or joints does not become excessive. If the sheet is not to be applied from a continuous roll then the lengths should not be less than 18 feet, again so that the number of seams or joints can be minimized.
  • the sheet of plasticized polyvinyl chloride is of course a moisture resistant material so as to divert rain from penetrating the landfill. Diverted rainfall can be disposed of through regular storm sewer systems while rain that has percolated through a landfill cannot be so sewered. The percolated rainfall is legally regarded as "landfill leachate" and must be taken to a waste disposal site for expensive special processing.
  • the underside of the sheet is coated with a permanently tacky adhesive so that the sheet is stuck to the underlying solid waste.
  • a permanently tacky adhesive which can be used the preferred polymeric material is polybutene. This is available commercially in a range of molecular weights from several of the major oil companies. The lower molecular weight polymers are easier to apply but do not have the holding power of their higher molecular weight counterparts.
  • Suitable permanently tacky adhesives can be substituted for the polybutene.
  • suitable materials include certain polyterpenes, polyamides based on dimerized fatty acids, polyvinyl ethers and polyacrylates.
  • thermosetting adhesives can be substituted for the permanently tacky adhesives.
  • typical hot melt adhesives can be applied to the uncoated or coated underside of the landfill cover as the cover is being laid down on the compacted garbage.
  • hot melt adhesives can include solid meltable polyamides and polyurethanes, poly (vinyl acetate-ethylene) copolymers and hydrocarbons such as styrene-butadiene copolymers as well as certain blends thereof.
  • the adhesive need not cover the entire surface of the underside of the landfill cover although in the preferred embodiment the coverage is complete. Patterns of adhesive, such as spots, lines or grids, may be applied in order to reduce the cost of the polymeric adhesive.
  • the adhesives can also be applied as foams because a foamed adhesive will occupy more volume than the same weight of unfoamed adhesive and will span greater distances between the landfill cover and the underlying compacted garbage.
  • the coated sheet and adhesive can be combined and applied to the compacted landfill the preferred system is to start with a sheet of fire-retardant polyvinyl chloride-based film.
  • a convenient practical size of this sheet is 8 by 34 feet.
  • the sheet is laid out on a level surface and a water emulsion of polybutene (ECA 15415, Exxon Chemical So., Houston, Texas), is applied uniformly to the upper surface.
  • polybutene ECA 15415, Exxon Chemical So., Houston, Texas
  • the polybutene emulsion has a low viscosity and it car. be brushed or sprayed on easily.
  • the ends of the sheet are then picked up so as to fold the wet tacky side back on itself towards the middle with the fold 9 feet from the original end.
  • the new folded sheet now has a length of 16 feet with the last foot from each original end of the 34 foot sheet forming a one foot flap. All the tacky adhesive is within this flap and the folded sheet.
  • the folded sheet can therefore be handled without sticking.
  • This folded sheet, or "shingle” can be rolled onto a tube for storage and transportation as is done for carpeting, for example. As each subsequent shingle is prepared it may be added to the roll by tucking the first two feet into the roll on the inside of the last two feet of the previous shingle. This process can be repeated until the roll contains the desired number of shingles. The roll is then wrapped for shipment.
  • the shingle can of course be shipped in other ways.
  • the shingle can be further folded to create a four by eight foot entity. This is a convenient size for shipping as is well known to the wood products industry where polywood and particle board are manufactured and sold in this standard dimension.
  • Another alternative for shipping is to fold the sheet - once the tacky surface is sealed by the first fold - into rectangular folds of decreasing sizes, resulting in a block shaped article suitable for sealing into an air-tight shipping envelope.
  • This procedure is similar to the folding of a blanket for storage on a shelf.
  • a shingle is unwrapped or unpacked and laid out flat with the flap on the top side.
  • the two one-foot flaps are peeled apart easily because of the low peel strength of the wet permanently tack adhesive.
  • the two laminates are separately wrapped around two poles or tubes of lightweight construction with the tacky surface in contact with a pole or tube. Each pole or tube is at least about one inch in diameter and nine feet long.
  • the poles or tubes are designed to permit the handling of the shingle without tearing, warping or misalignment during application to its final position.
  • This prepared shingle may be rolled up. It is then inverted and placed on the compacted garbage with the flap and poles on the underside with the poles about sixteen feet uphill from the previous shingle laid on the bottom of the slope.
  • the lower half of the shingle is unrolled down the slope by two persons slowly peeling apart the folded sheet each holding the end of the pole attached to the lower half of the shingle.
  • the upper unpeeled half is held firmly in place at waist or near ground level.
  • the lower pole is held firmly while the upper sixteen foot half is unpeeled and the tack surfaces created brought into contact with the compacted refuse.
  • Soft pads of rubber foam or similar material about ten inches in size and attached to poles are then used to gently force the shingle into as much contact as possible with the underlying garbage. Full contact at the overlapping areas of adjoining sheets is of course a desirable goal.
  • the sequence of laying down a shingle can be repeated many times, from bottom to top, or from top to bottom, as convenient.
  • a water-shedding overlap can be made when application is made in either direction. This reduces the amount of leachate created when rain falls on the landfill.
  • Leachate is costly to dispose of because it must be treated in a sewage plant.
  • the diverted rain can be disposed of in storm sewers without problems.
  • the adjoining strips can also be mechanically attached to each other by sewing or stapling.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

Une couverture pour une décharge comporte une feuille à base de chlorure de polyvinyle plastifié recouverte d'un adhésif collant en permanence qui maintient ladite feuille sur les déchets compactés de la décharge. Ledit adhésif est de préférence une émulsion aqueuse de polybutène, appliquée sur la feuille qui est ensuite pliée pour éviter à ladite émulsion de sécher avant l'emploi, et pour faciliter le transport sur le site de décharge. La feuille pliée est alors dépliée et appliquée sur la surface des déchets compactés, face recouverte d'adhésif vers le bas.
PCT/US1994/001856 1993-03-02 1994-02-28 Composition destinee a recouvrir une decharge et procede d'application aux decharges WO1994020689A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU63930/94A AU6393094A (en) 1993-03-02 1994-02-28 Landfill cover composition and processes for application to landfills

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US2515493A 1993-03-02 1993-03-02
US08/025,154 1993-03-02

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1994020689A1 true WO1994020689A1 (fr) 1994-09-15

Family

ID=21824347

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1994/001856 WO1994020689A1 (fr) 1993-03-02 1994-02-28 Composition destinee a recouvrir une decharge et procede d'application aux decharges

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (1) AU6393094A (fr)
WO (1) WO1994020689A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998039113A1 (fr) * 1997-03-06 1998-09-11 Epi Environmental Products Inc. Depot de materiau particulaire ou de terre sur un film plastique recouvrant la surface d'une decharge ou autre lieu
WO2008061294A1 (fr) * 2006-11-20 2008-05-29 Grant Lloyd Lacey Structures et procédé de couverture de décharges
US9101968B2 (en) 2012-08-06 2015-08-11 The Hong Kong University Of Science And Technology All-weather landfill soil cover system for preventing water infiltration and landfill gas emission

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4046945A (en) * 1974-01-18 1977-09-06 Chemische Werke Huls Aktiengesellschaft Process for the bonding of films and molded components
US4272520A (en) * 1979-04-05 1981-06-09 Herculite Products, Inc. Compositions comprising n-tetradecyl formate and their use in controlling insects
US4501788A (en) * 1981-02-27 1985-02-26 Clem Environmental Corp. Waterproofing soil
US4913960A (en) * 1985-02-14 1990-04-03 Bando Chemical Industries, Ltd. Pressure sensitive adhesive and a pressure sensitive adhesive film having thereon a layer of the same

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4046945A (en) * 1974-01-18 1977-09-06 Chemische Werke Huls Aktiengesellschaft Process for the bonding of films and molded components
US4272520A (en) * 1979-04-05 1981-06-09 Herculite Products, Inc. Compositions comprising n-tetradecyl formate and their use in controlling insects
US4501788A (en) * 1981-02-27 1985-02-26 Clem Environmental Corp. Waterproofing soil
US4913960A (en) * 1985-02-14 1990-04-03 Bando Chemical Industries, Ltd. Pressure sensitive adhesive and a pressure sensitive adhesive film having thereon a layer of the same

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998039113A1 (fr) * 1997-03-06 1998-09-11 Epi Environmental Products Inc. Depot de materiau particulaire ou de terre sur un film plastique recouvrant la surface d'une decharge ou autre lieu
US6267535B1 (en) 1997-03-06 2001-07-31 Epi Environmental Products Inc. Depositing particulate material or soil onto plastic film extending over a face of a landfill or other location
CN1094076C (zh) * 1997-03-06 2002-11-13 Epi环境产品有限公司 将颗粒物料或土壤沉积在展开于填埋场表面或其它位置上面的塑料薄膜上的设备
WO2008061294A1 (fr) * 2006-11-20 2008-05-29 Grant Lloyd Lacey Structures et procédé de couverture de décharges
US8052349B2 (en) 2006-11-20 2011-11-08 Grant Lloyd Lacey Structures and method for covering landfill
US9101968B2 (en) 2012-08-06 2015-08-11 The Hong Kong University Of Science And Technology All-weather landfill soil cover system for preventing water infiltration and landfill gas emission

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU6393094A (en) 1994-09-26

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