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WO1994006970A1 - Fondation d'une structure de forage en mer ou d'une installation sous-marine - Google Patents

Fondation d'une structure de forage en mer ou d'une installation sous-marine Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1994006970A1
WO1994006970A1 PCT/NO1993/000138 NO9300138W WO9406970A1 WO 1994006970 A1 WO1994006970 A1 WO 1994006970A1 NO 9300138 W NO9300138 W NO 9300138W WO 9406970 A1 WO9406970 A1 WO 9406970A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
seabed
leg
arrangement according
chamber
chambers
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/NO1993/000138
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Tor Inge Tjelta
Morten Baerheim
Ove Tobias Gudmestad
Asle Eide
Original Assignee
Den Norske Stats Oljeselskap A.S
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Den Norske Stats Oljeselskap A.S filed Critical Den Norske Stats Oljeselskap A.S
Publication of WO1994006970A1 publication Critical patent/WO1994006970A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B17/02—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor placed by lowering the supporting construction to the bottom, e.g. with subsequent fixing thereto
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
    • E02D27/52—Submerged foundations, i.e. submerged in open water
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B2017/0056—Platforms with supporting legs
    • E02B2017/0073—Details of sea bottom engaging footing
    • E02B2017/0078—Suction piles, suction cans

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a foundation arrangement for an offshore framework (jacket) construction or subsea installation for use in oil or gas operations and the like, in particular where the seabed consists of relatively solid sand or of clay, and the framework construction or subsea installation comprises a number of separate legs being rigidly connected to each other and having each a separate foundation on the seabed.
  • the invention comprises particular methods associated with the employment of certain embodiments of the arrangement.
  • piles are driven into the seabed by means of big hammers and pile guides attached to the installations.
  • the piles are cast or pressed to be fixed in the pile guides.
  • An alternative manner of anchoring platform install- ations is to make their foundation area so large that the installation is stable when placed on the seabed.
  • This principle is used in connection with gravitation platforms.
  • the seabed which can consist of sand, against digging-out (erosion) under such foundations, they are often provided with an edge of steel or concrete, which can be an extension of the walls, so that the edge (“the skirt") is pressed down into the seabed.
  • the platforms shall be located on a soft bottom, for example a clay bottom, they are provided with longer skirts which can penetrate into harder layers in the seabed so as to secure stability.
  • Such platforms as a rule will be large and they can be ballasted so as to have a sufficient weight for the skirts to be pressed down into the seabed.
  • Norwegian patent application No. 89.0005 relates to a method of installing jack-up platforms based on the employ- ment of suction effect in chambers or skirts mounted under ⁇ neath the platform legs.
  • Jack-up platforms however, in the present connection, have quite different properties from framework structure platforms or subsea installations, such as templates. This in the first place consists therein that jack-up platforms considered as a whole do not constitute any rigid structure which can lead to upwardly directed forces in any platform leg for example in the case of lateral stress effect (waves, current, wind) against the platform.
  • the patent application contain anything more particular about establishing and controlling suction effect.
  • British patent 1,088,804 also relates to a gravitation platform whereby the pure compressive stresses occurring are absorbed by a skirt foundation interconnected into a triangular basis.
  • the structure comprises one or more steel columns of special design. Suction effect is provided for through separate pipes to the surface, and associated pumps are located above the sea surface. Again this is a case of gravitational foundation without the occurrence of upward forces through columns or legs, as may occur with the lighter framework structure platforms. Additional examples of known techniques in this connec ⁇ tion may be found in
  • Fig. l in schematic elevation shows a framework structure or jacket platform located on the seabed
  • Fig. 2 in sectional view shows an embodiment of the arrangement according to the invention, within and at the lower end of one of the platform legs in Fig. 1
  • Fig. 3 in perspective view shows a typical example of a subsea installation in the form of a template for subsea wells, provided with an arrangement accor ⁇ ding to the invention.
  • Fig. 1 of the drawings On the seabed 1 there is located an installation 2 of the framework structure platform or jacket type of steel or concrete.
  • the installation has three or four legs 8, each leg being provided with an anchoring element (skirt/chamber) 3 which is open downwards and closed with a roof 4.
  • skirt/chamber anchoring element
  • a necessary prerequisite is that suction effect or another auxiliary force is employed.
  • the installation has been pressed down into the seabed as much as possible by its own weight, so that a sealing is established as a consequence of the penetration depth 5 of the skirt 3 into the seabed 1.
  • the tank or tanks 6 can serve as buoyancy tanks.
  • the legs 8 can be filled with concrete (tanks can be regarded as integral parts of legs 8) , and when subsea installations are concerned the skirts can extend above the seabed and be filled with ballast. Then water is carefully pumped out of the skirts.
  • the under ⁇ pressure (suction) which is created in the skirts in view of the fact that the external water pressure is higher than the pressure in the skirts, leads to the pressing of the skirts into the seabed. This suction effect can be controlled in various ways and represents an important aspect of this invention.
  • the chambers within the skirts 3 are connected to sepa ⁇ rate pumps 7, so that the underpressure (suction) can be controlled and can be different for each chamber. In this way it will be possible to maintain control so that the platform 2 can be adjusted in the vertical direction if any dis-alignment develops during the installation phase or if the seabed 1 consists of inhomogeneous materials or has a slope.
  • the chambers 3 can communicate with cavities 12 in the platform legs 8, where an underpressure can be gradually established.
  • an underpressure can be gradually established.
  • the suction effect provided thereby is particularly great, and as a result thereof the skirts will penetrate into the seabed.
  • the speed of penetration is controlled by means of the magni ⁇ tude of the suction effect. It is remarked that the suction is necessarily controlled so that open channels are not inadvertantly established for water inflow underneath the skirt edge 9 or other forms of failure in the bottom material.
  • the cavities mentioned are preferably in the form of pipes or conduits 12 extending through a substantial portion of each leg, usually all the way to the top of the leg.
  • the pumps 7 can be located at a level ⁇ h underneath the sea surface 20, so that the required underpressure is obtained.
  • the underpressure can be established by operating the pumps 7 to pump out water in the platform leg 8. Then via the pipe system 12 and associated valves 13 the underpressure is established within the skirt chambers 3. Different underpressures in the respective skirt chambers can be established by active mani ⁇ pulation of the valves 13 and the water level in the legs 8.
  • the underpressure can also be established by operating the pumps 7 to pump water directly out of the skirt chambers 3. Possibly the pumps can be injector pumps.
  • the chambers or skirts 3 can be provided with nozzles 10 from which water can be ejected (for example taken from a tank 11 at the top of the platform) , so that the sea bottom underneath the skirt edge 9 or along the edges of the skirts, is loosened before the skirts are moved downwardly. This reduces the resistance to penetration very significantly.
  • the nozzles 10 mentioned above can also be employed ultimately during removal of the platform 2 by ejecting water through the nozzels, whereby the contact between the bottom layers around the skirts and the skirts themselves is reduced.
  • a sufficient external lifting force established for example by means of crane barges.
  • each of these legs there is provided a chamber 35A, 35B and 35C respectively, as shown at three of the legs.
  • the fourth leg 34D is also considered to be provided with such a chamber (not shown) .
  • Fig. 3 shown any closer details with respect to pumps and pipes etc. in association with the respective legs 34A-D.
  • an install- ation for example in the form of a template as shown in Fig. 3, may be subjected to upwardly directed forces resulting from for example anchors, trawler equipment or the like, which accidentally can get caught in the installation.
  • the chamber with skirts as described above will give a sufficient and secure anchoring of such underwater installations, even without using any piles, which has been common practice hitherto.
  • each chamber 3 can be generated in a way known per se by arranging for cavities in the associated leg 8 to be kept empty of water, and for a number of valves in pipes corresponding to the pipes 12 to be selec ⁇ tively operated for establishing a water column of desired height and thereby a corresponding relative pressure in the chamber.
  • the shape and the size of the chambers apparently can be varied within wide limits, but will be determined inter alia by stress loads and forces which may occur.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)

Abstract

Dispositif de fondation conçue pour une structure en mer ou pour une installation sous-marine s'utilisant dans des opérations de forage de pétrole ou de gaz, en particulier, quand le fond de la mer est constitué par du sable ou par de l'argile relativement solide. La structure ou l'installation sous-marine comprend plusieurs montants séparés (8) reliés rigidement les uns aux autres et possédant chacun une fondation séparée au fond de la mer. Chacun des montants séparés (8), au nombre de trois au moins, est pourvu à son extrémité inférieure d'au moins une chambre ouverte vers le bas (3) qui, de façon connue, comprend des parois ou des jupes latérales conçues pour pénétrer (5) dans le sable ou l'argile du fond de la mer. La (les) chambre(s) (3) de chaque montant (8) possède(nt) un moyen associé d'aspiration ou de pompage (7) pouvant être commandé individuellement, de façon à créer une sous-pression relative dans chaque chambre (3) suffisante pour résister à une force ascendante prédéterminée s'exerçant à travers le montant (8) correspondant.
PCT/NO1993/000138 1992-09-24 1993-09-21 Fondation d'une structure de forage en mer ou d'une installation sous-marine WO1994006970A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO923706A NO176215B (no) 1992-09-24 1992-09-24 Anordning for fundamentering av en fagverkskonstruksjon eller undervannsinstallasjon til havs
NO923706 1992-09-24

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1994006970A1 true WO1994006970A1 (fr) 1994-03-31

Family

ID=19895463

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/NO1993/000138 WO1994006970A1 (fr) 1992-09-24 1993-09-21 Fondation d'une structure de forage en mer ou d'une installation sous-marine

Country Status (2)

Country Link
NO (1) NO176215B (fr)
WO (1) WO1994006970A1 (fr)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2359787A (en) * 2000-03-02 2001-09-05 Ocean Resource Ltd Jack up platform supported on suction piles
WO2001071105A1 (fr) * 2000-03-23 2001-09-27 Bruno Schakenda Procede de realisation dans un fond marin de la fondation d'une installation off shore, et fondation associee
GB2375134A (en) * 2001-05-01 2002-11-06 Ocean Technologies Ltd Offshore foundation stability enhancer
WO2007115573A1 (fr) * 2006-04-10 2007-10-18 Marcon A/S Structure de fondation
EP2266871A1 (fr) * 2003-04-04 2010-12-29 Logima V/Svend Erik Hansen Turbine d'éolienne dotée d'une base de turbine d'éolienne et procédés pour le transfert ou le déplacement d'une turbine d'éolienne
DE102011102577A1 (de) 2011-05-25 2012-03-01 Peter Kelemen Schwimmvorrichtung und Verfahren zum Eindrücken eines Gegenstandes in einen Gewässerboden
WO2012025076A2 (fr) 2010-07-05 2012-03-01 Peter Kelemen Installation en mer, en particulier éolienne
DE202010017856U1 (de) 2010-07-05 2012-11-15 Peter Kelemen Offshore-Anlage, insbesondere Windkraftanlage
WO2013144558A1 (fr) * 2012-03-24 2013-10-03 Matthew Bleasdale Structures pour installations offshore
JP2015507111A (ja) * 2012-02-10 2015-03-05 ユニバーサル ファウンデーション アクティーゼルスカブ 海底に基礎を設置するための方法及び上記海底基礎
EP3428345A1 (fr) * 2017-07-13 2019-01-16 Ramboll GmbH Fondation pour une éolienne en mer
US20220002961A1 (en) * 2019-02-13 2022-01-06 RCAM Technologies, Inc. Suction Anchors and Their Methods of Manufacture
US11542677B2 (en) * 2016-12-23 2023-01-03 Equinor Energy As Subsea assembly modularization

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NO121774B (fr) * 1968-06-22 1971-04-05 Texaco Corp
US3911687A (en) * 1972-05-02 1975-10-14 Olav Mo Foundation method for caissons
GB1451537A (en) * 1974-04-01 1976-10-06 Langner K E Method of forming a subaqueous anchorage
US4257721A (en) * 1979-04-30 1981-03-24 Haynes Harvey H System for placement of piles into the seafloor
GB2079826A (en) * 1980-07-09 1982-01-27 Coyne & Bellier Underwater support structures for platform-carrying tower or towers
NO145993B (no) * 1978-08-29 1982-03-29 Selmer As Ing F Fralands gravitasjonsplattform av betong.
SE445473B (sv) * 1984-11-09 1986-06-23 Offshore Ab J & W Grundleggningselement foretredesvis avsett for undervattensbruk och anvendning av detta
NO170596B (no) * 1989-01-02 1992-07-27 Norske Stats Oljeselskap Fremgangsmaate ved installasjon av oppjekkbare plattformertil havs
NO170735B (no) * 1988-11-15 1992-08-17 Norwegian Contractors Fremgangsmaate for bygging av gravitasjonsplattformer og installasjon av slike paa havbunnen ved hjelp av kraner

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NO121774B (fr) * 1968-06-22 1971-04-05 Texaco Corp
US3911687A (en) * 1972-05-02 1975-10-14 Olav Mo Foundation method for caissons
GB1451537A (en) * 1974-04-01 1976-10-06 Langner K E Method of forming a subaqueous anchorage
NO145993B (no) * 1978-08-29 1982-03-29 Selmer As Ing F Fralands gravitasjonsplattform av betong.
US4257721A (en) * 1979-04-30 1981-03-24 Haynes Harvey H System for placement of piles into the seafloor
GB2079826A (en) * 1980-07-09 1982-01-27 Coyne & Bellier Underwater support structures for platform-carrying tower or towers
SE445473B (sv) * 1984-11-09 1986-06-23 Offshore Ab J & W Grundleggningselement foretredesvis avsett for undervattensbruk och anvendning av detta
NO170735B (no) * 1988-11-15 1992-08-17 Norwegian Contractors Fremgangsmaate for bygging av gravitasjonsplattformer og installasjon av slike paa havbunnen ved hjelp av kraner
NO170596B (no) * 1989-01-02 1992-07-27 Norske Stats Oljeselskap Fremgangsmaate ved installasjon av oppjekkbare plattformertil havs

Cited By (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2359787A (en) * 2000-03-02 2001-09-05 Ocean Resource Ltd Jack up platform supported on suction piles
WO2001071105A1 (fr) * 2000-03-23 2001-09-27 Bruno Schakenda Procede de realisation dans un fond marin de la fondation d'une installation off shore, et fondation associee
GB2375134A (en) * 2001-05-01 2002-11-06 Ocean Technologies Ltd Offshore foundation stability enhancer
GB2375134B (en) * 2001-05-01 2005-09-21 Tamacrest Ltd Offshore foundation stability enhancer
EP2266871A1 (fr) * 2003-04-04 2010-12-29 Logima V/Svend Erik Hansen Turbine d'éolienne dotée d'une base de turbine d'éolienne et procédés pour le transfert ou le déplacement d'une turbine d'éolienne
AU2007236402B2 (en) * 2006-04-10 2012-05-17 Mbd Offshore Power A/S Foundation structure
WO2007115573A1 (fr) * 2006-04-10 2007-10-18 Marcon A/S Structure de fondation
US7891910B2 (en) 2006-04-10 2011-02-22 Mbd Offshore Power A/S Foundation structure
WO2012025076A3 (fr) * 2010-07-05 2012-06-14 Peter Kelemen Installation en mer, en particulier éolienne
WO2012025076A2 (fr) 2010-07-05 2012-03-01 Peter Kelemen Installation en mer, en particulier éolienne
DE202010017856U1 (de) 2010-07-05 2012-11-15 Peter Kelemen Offshore-Anlage, insbesondere Windkraftanlage
DE102010026117B4 (de) * 2010-07-05 2012-12-13 Peter Kelemen Offshore-Anlage, insbesondere Windkraftanlage
DE102011102577A1 (de) 2011-05-25 2012-03-01 Peter Kelemen Schwimmvorrichtung und Verfahren zum Eindrücken eines Gegenstandes in einen Gewässerboden
DE102011102577B4 (de) * 2011-05-25 2012-09-13 Peter Kelemen Schwimmvorrichtung und Verfahren zum Eindrücken eines Gegenstandes in einen Gewässerboden
JP2015507111A (ja) * 2012-02-10 2015-03-05 ユニバーサル ファウンデーション アクティーゼルスカブ 海底に基礎を設置するための方法及び上記海底基礎
WO2013144558A1 (fr) * 2012-03-24 2013-10-03 Matthew Bleasdale Structures pour installations offshore
US9771700B2 (en) 2012-03-24 2017-09-26 Owlc Holdings Ltd. Structures for offshore installations
US11542677B2 (en) * 2016-12-23 2023-01-03 Equinor Energy As Subsea assembly modularization
US11549231B2 (en) 2016-12-23 2023-01-10 Equinor Energy As Suction anchor for a subsea well
US11859364B2 (en) 2016-12-23 2024-01-02 Equinor Energy As Subsea assembly modularisation
US12215472B2 (en) 2016-12-23 2025-02-04 Equinor Energy As Subsea assembly modularization
EP3428345A1 (fr) * 2017-07-13 2019-01-16 Ramboll GmbH Fondation pour une éolienne en mer
US20220002961A1 (en) * 2019-02-13 2022-01-06 RCAM Technologies, Inc. Suction Anchors and Their Methods of Manufacture

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO923706L (no) 1994-03-25
NO176215B (no) 1994-11-14
NO923706D0 (no) 1992-09-24

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