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WO1994005950A1 - Generateur de vapeur - Google Patents

Generateur de vapeur Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1994005950A1
WO1994005950A1 PCT/DE1993/000771 DE9300771W WO9405950A1 WO 1994005950 A1 WO1994005950 A1 WO 1994005950A1 DE 9300771 W DE9300771 W DE 9300771W WO 9405950 A1 WO9405950 A1 WO 9405950A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
steam
water
steam generator
centrifugal separator
heating surface
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE1993/000771
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Joachim Franke
Wolfgang Vollmer
Eberhard Wittchow
Original Assignee
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Publication of WO1994005950A1 publication Critical patent/WO1994005950A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/10—Water tubes; Accessories therefor
    • F22B37/14—Supply mains, e.g. rising mains, down-comers, in connection with water tubes
    • F22B37/141—Supply mains, e.g. rising mains, down-comers, in connection with water tubes involving vertically-disposed water tubes, e.g. walls built-up from vertical tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B29/00—Steam boilers of forced-flow type
    • F22B29/02—Steam boilers of forced-flow type of forced-circulation type
    • F22B29/023—Steam boilers of forced-flow type of forced-circulation type without drums, i.e. without hot water storage in the boiler
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/26—Steam-separating arrangements
    • F22B37/32—Steam-separating arrangements using centrifugal force

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a steam generator with a gas flue of substantially vertically disposed, and gas-tightly interconnected tubes forming a Ver ⁇ dampferlikisation phenomenon and are connected with their inlet ends to an inlet header, and with their outlet ends with a water-steam Trenneinrich ⁇ device are connected, the water-steam separating device being connected to the inlet header via a downpipe arranged outside the throttle cable.
  • the steam is generated predominantly in a circulation system which is composed of a forced passage through the evaporator heating surface and a natural circulation superimposed on it via the downpipe.
  • the tubes which are connected to one another to form a gas-tight tube wall lead directly or via an outlet collector common to them into a water-steam drum in which water and steam are separated from one another.
  • a steam generator with natural circulation which is also referred to as a drum boiler, is e.g. known from the publication "steam generation", Springer-Verlag, 1985, in particular page 7, picture 1.4.
  • the water-steam drum has a large wall thickness due to the high steam pressure prevailing in the drum and the large internal diameter.
  • the permissible temperature change during start-up and load changes, in particular with sliding pressure operation, in which the vapor pressure and thus also the boiling temperature of the water in the drum changes linearly with the load. speed very limited. This in turn leads to undesirably long start-up times with correspondingly high start-up losses and to a low speed of load change.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of showing a way in which short start-up times can be achieved in such a steam generator and large load change speeds can be controlled.
  • This object is achieved in that at least one centrifugal separator is provided for water-steam separation.
  • the longitudinal axis of the or each centrifugal separator designed for a predetermined operating pressure runs vertically.
  • the use of centrifugal separators in the evaporator system causes an increased pressure drop. This can lead to a comparatively lower water circulation number and thus to a reduction in the flow rate in the heated evaporator tubes.
  • the evaporator tubes advantageously have internal ribbing over at least 80% of their length.
  • an intermediate collector can be connected between the outlet ends of the tubes forming the evaporator heating surface and the or each centrifugal separator as a water-steam separating device.
  • Throttle cable of a steam generator with a number of centrifugal separators is required.
  • the vertical throttle cable of the steam generator is formed by a surrounding wall 2 which merges into a funnel-shaped bottom 4 at the lower end of the gas cable.
  • the peripheral wall 2 is constructed from tubes 6, which are connected to one another on their long sides in a gastight manner, e.g. are welded.
  • the bottom 4 comprises a discharge opening 8 for ashes, not shown.
  • the surrounding wall 2 In the lower part of the surrounding wall 2, e.g. four burners for a fossil fuel are each installed in an opening 10 in the surrounding wall 2. At such an opening 10, pipes of the surrounding wall 2 are curved and run on the outside of the vertical throttle cable. Similar openings can also e.g. be formed for air nozzles or flue gas nozzles.
  • the flow-through, ie water or a water-steam mixture, parallel flow from the bottom upwards tubes 6 of the surrounding wall 2 are connected with their inlet ends to an inlet header 12 and with their outlet ends to an outlet or intermediate header 14.
  • the tubes 6 of the surrounding wall 2 form in the section of the pipe located between the collectors 12 and 14 Throttle cable an evaporator heating surface 16, which is followed by a post-heating surface 18. Further heating surfaces arranged in this area of the surrounding wall 2, for example an economizer and a superheater, are not shown for the sake of clarity.
  • the tubes 6 forming the evaporator heating surface 16 have, in a manner not shown in detail, on their inside a multi-start thread-forming ribs, these internal fins extending over at least 80% of the tube length, preferably over the entire tube length.
  • centrifugal separator 20 connected to a corresponding number of centrifugal separators 22, each with a vertical longitudinal axis.
  • the or each centrifugal separator 22, which is at a higher level than the inlet header 12, is connected via a down pipe 24 to the inlet header 12, which is also ring-shaped.
  • the or each downpipe 24 is also outside the throttle cable.
  • centrifugal separators 22 are several centrifugal separators 22 connected in flow or flow parallel to one another around the
  • the outlet or intermediate collector 14 can also be omitted.
  • the outlet ends of the tubes 6 forming the evaporator heating surface 16 are then connected directly to the centrifugal separator 22 assigned to them. Groups consisting of any number of tubes 6 can each be assigned to a single centrifugal separator 22.
  • the or each centrifugal separator 22 is connected on the outlet side to the reheating surface 18 via a line 26 and a collector 28.
  • the reheating surface 18 is also made up of a number of tubes 6 'which are connected on the output side to a collector 30 common to them.
  • the number of tubes 6 1 of the reheating surface 18 corresponds at least approximately to the number of tubes 6 in the evaporator heating surface 16.
  • feed water which is preheated to near the evaporation temperature is usually fed to the evaporator system via a collector 32 connected to the or each drop tube 24.
  • the feed water flows in the circulation system indicated by the arrows 34, it being largely evaporated in the tubes 6 forming the evaporator heating surface 16.
  • the water-steam mixture enters the or each centrifugal separator 22 tangentially. There, water and steam are separated from one another, the steam being drawn off via the discharge line 26 projecting into the or each centrifugal separator 22. Water carried by the steam is evaporated in the tubes 6 'forming the after-heating surface 18.
  • the steam is then further heated and finally, after passing through a superheater heating surface (not shown), it is fed as live steam or superheated steam to a steam turbine (not shown).
  • a superheater heating surface not shown
  • water separated in natural circulation flows through the or each down pipe 24 into the inlet header 12 and from there again into the pipes 6 forming the evaporator heating surface 16.
  • centrifugal separators 22 By using one or more centrifugal separators 22 to separate water and steam of the water-steam mixture obtained in the evaporator system 16, large temperature gradients within the steam generator can be controlled. When the steam generator is in operation, short start-up times with correspondingly low start-up losses and high load change speeds are possible.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un générateur de vapeur comportant un conduit d'évacuation des gaz constitué de tuyaux (6) joints entre eux de manière étanche aux gaz et placés sensiblement verticalement, qui constituent une surface de chauffe d'évaporation (16) et dont les extrémités d'entrée sont raccordées à un collecteur d'entrée (12). Leurs extrémités de sortie sont reliées à une installation de séparation eau/vapeur (22) reliée au collecteur d'entrée (12) par l'intermédiaire d'un tuyau de descente (24) disposé à l'intérieur du conduit d'évacuation des gaz. L'invention prévoit au moins un séparateur centrifuge (22) afin de procéder à la séparation de l'eau et de la vapeur. Ce procédé permet de contrôler des vitesses élevées de modification de charge pendant le fonctionnement du générateur de vapeur.
PCT/DE1993/000771 1992-09-04 1993-08-23 Generateur de vapeur WO1994005950A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19924229629 DE4229629A1 (de) 1992-09-04 1992-09-04 Dampferzeuger
DEP4229629.3 1992-09-04

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1994005950A1 true WO1994005950A1 (fr) 1994-03-17

Family

ID=6467271

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DE1993/000771 WO1994005950A1 (fr) 1992-09-04 1993-08-23 Generateur de vapeur

Country Status (3)

Country Link
CN (1) CN1084948A (fr)
DE (1) DE4229629A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1994005950A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19651966A1 (de) * 1996-12-13 1998-06-18 Asea Brown Boveri Reinigung des Wasser-Dampfkreislaufs in einem Zwangsdurchlaufdampferzeuger

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1904473A (en) * 1928-08-23 1933-04-18 Fuller Lehigh Co Steam boiler
GB501275A (en) * 1936-09-29 1939-02-20 Babcock & Wilcox Ltd Improvements in or relating to forced flow water tube steam generators
GB677046A (en) * 1949-10-29 1952-08-06 Kohlenscheidungs Gmbh Improvements in steam boilers
US2836157A (en) * 1954-08-03 1958-05-27 Babcock & Wilcox Co Forced flow vapor generator with multiple vapor and liquid separators
BE682498A (fr) * 1965-06-15 1966-12-14
DE1264450B (de) * 1961-01-02 1968-03-28 Franz Stipernitz Dr Ing Trommelloser Naturumlaufdampferzeuger
DE4140788A1 (de) * 1991-12-11 1993-06-17 Evt Energie & Verfahrenstech Vorrichtung zur trennung des wasser-dampfgemisches aus den steigrohren eines umlauf-dampferzeugers

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1904473A (en) * 1928-08-23 1933-04-18 Fuller Lehigh Co Steam boiler
GB501275A (en) * 1936-09-29 1939-02-20 Babcock & Wilcox Ltd Improvements in or relating to forced flow water tube steam generators
GB677046A (en) * 1949-10-29 1952-08-06 Kohlenscheidungs Gmbh Improvements in steam boilers
US2836157A (en) * 1954-08-03 1958-05-27 Babcock & Wilcox Co Forced flow vapor generator with multiple vapor and liquid separators
DE1264450B (de) * 1961-01-02 1968-03-28 Franz Stipernitz Dr Ing Trommelloser Naturumlaufdampferzeuger
BE682498A (fr) * 1965-06-15 1966-12-14
DE4140788A1 (de) * 1991-12-11 1993-06-17 Evt Energie & Verfahrenstech Vorrichtung zur trennung des wasser-dampfgemisches aus den steigrohren eines umlauf-dampferzeugers

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE4229629A1 (de) 1994-03-10
CN1084948A (zh) 1994-04-06

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