WO1994004266A1 - Separation de composants aqueux et organiques - Google Patents
Separation de composants aqueux et organiques Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1994004266A1 WO1994004266A1 PCT/GB1993/001756 GB9301756W WO9404266A1 WO 1994004266 A1 WO1994004266 A1 WO 1994004266A1 GB 9301756 W GB9301756 W GB 9301756W WO 9404266 A1 WO9404266 A1 WO 9404266A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- aqueous
- stteam
- chamber
- gas
- removal
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000004581 coalescence Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 48
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- YBJHBAHKTGYVGT-ZKWXMUAHSA-N (+)-Biotin Chemical compound N1C(=O)N[C@@H]2[C@H](CCCCC(=O)O)SC[C@@H]21 YBJHBAHKTGYVGT-ZKWXMUAHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052770 Uranium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005363 electrowinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 or organic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004230 steam cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001256 steam distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N uranium(0) Chemical compound [U] JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FEPMHVLSLDOMQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N virginiamycin-S1 Natural products CC1OC(=O)C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)NC(=O)C2CC(=O)CCN2C(=O)C(CC=2C=CC=CC=2)N(C)C(=O)C2CCCN2C(=O)C(CC)NC(=O)C1NC(=O)C1=NC=CC=C1O FEPMHVLSLDOMQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/18—Stationary reactors having moving elements inside
- B01J19/1806—Stationary reactors having moving elements inside resulting in a turbulent flow of the reactants, such as in centrifugal-type reactors, or having a high Reynolds-number
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/38—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by centrifugal separation
- C02F1/385—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by centrifugal separation by centrifuging suspensions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00164—Controlling or regulating processes controlling the flow
Definitions
- the invention relates to an apparatus and method for use in the removal of organic components from an aqueous stream and particularly the removal of dispersed and dissolved organic components.
- the invention is most useful in producing an aqueous stream which is substantially free from organic components or in which the organic content is significantly reduced.
- the invention may be worked when the organic components are present as a dispersed liquid phase or when both dispersed and dissolved organic components are present.
- processes such as steam distillation or steam cracking produce steam/hydrocarbon mixtures which on condensation give rise to ⁇ an aqueous stream containing both dispersed and dissolved hydrocarbon, or organic, components.
- aqueous dilute acid streams are produced which contain suspended organic droplets, which droplets need to be removed prior to electrowinning or other forms of metal recovery.
- Water treatment and also gas treatment, for example, the treating of natural gas, are two major industrial applications of the invention.
- Froth floatation in which gas bubbles are used to capture dispersed phase components at their surface and aid coalescence and/or rapid disengagement.
- Centrifugal field separators Principle examples of these are the centrifuge and hydrocyclone in both of which the centrifugal force produced by rotation of the fluids aids the more rapid disengagement of dispersed phase material.
- the separator consists of a rotating element containing packing that is a reticulated material which provides both a large surface area per unit volume and a very high voidage. Typically the specific surface area is around 2,500 m 2 /m 3 and the voidage is greater than 90% .
- the rotating element is provided in a stationery outer casing. Gas or vapour enters the casing, via vapour feed, and is forced through the rotating packing. There it comes into intimate contact with liquid, entering via liquid feed, which is forced outwardly through the packing by the centrifugal force.
- the gas or vapour leaves from the centre of the apparatus, while the liquid impinges on the innermost side of the casing walls and is drained from the casing via the liquid outlet.
- the centrifugal force intensifies mass transfer of the dissolved organic component into the gas.
- an apparatus for removing dispersed and dissolved organic components from an aqueous stream comprising: a hollow Removal chamber in which there is provided a porous medium, the chamber having; an inner aqueous stream inlet and an outer aqueous stream outlet for removal of the cleansed aqueous stream; and also an outer gas inlet and an inner gas outlet for removal of gaseous stream carrying the dissolved organic component; wherein said chamber is adapted so that said aqueous stream and said gas within said chamber are rotated and thus subjected to a centrifugal force whereby said stream is forced outwardly towards the sides of the chamber and said gas moves inwardly towards the innermost part of the chamber characterised in that; there is further provided an inner organic film or stream outlet whereby the organic film or stream representing the dispersed organic component can be removed.
- the present invention differs from all the foregoing prior art in that it uses simultaneously a centrifugal field to enhance separation, a porous medium to aid coalescence, and gas injection to effect a type of floatation which aids both coalescence and rapid transport of the dispersed phase. Further, the gas injection is also effective in stripping volatile components so that both dispersed and dissolved components are reduced.
- an apparatus for removing dispersed and dissolved organic components from an aqueous stream comprising: a hollow Removal chamber in which there is provided a porous medium, the chamber having; an inner aqueous stream inlet and an outer aqueous stream outlet; and also an outer gas inlet and an inner gas outlet; wherein said chamber is adapted so that said aqueous stream and said gas within said chamber are rotated and thus subjected to a centrifugal force whereby said stream is forced outwardly towards the sides of the chamber and said gas moves inwardly towards the innermost part of the chamber characterised in that; said at least one further such Removal chamber is provided downstream of the first chamber, and said outer aqueous stream outlet is adapted to terminate near to the axis of rotation of said chambers so as to reduce the kinetic energy of said aqueous stream leaving the first chamber and so optimise power consumption of the apparatus.
- an apparatus for removing dispersed and dissolved organic components from an aqueous stream comprising: a hollow Removal chamber in which there is provided a porous medium, the chamber having; an inner aqueous stream inlet and an outer aqueous stream outlet; and also an outer gas inlet and an inner gas outlet; wherein said chamber is adapted so that said aqueous stream and said gas within said chamber are rotated and thus subjected to a centrifugal force whereby said stream is forced outwardly towards the sides of the chamber and said gas moves inwardly towards the innermost part of the chamber characterised in that; there is provided a control means whereby the relative flow rates of said aqueous stream and said gas can be varied thereby controlling the selective removal of dispersed and/or dissolved organic components.
- conduit means may be provided for the re- circulation of said stream through said Removal chamber and the ratio of flow of the aqueous stream in the gas may be varied for each cycle through said Removal chamber.
- a relatively small gas flow may be used in the first stage to aid coalescence and separation of dispersed organic material while an increased gas flow may be used in a subsequent stage to primarily strip out volatile dissolved organic components.
- gas injection tubes are provided at the site of the gas inlet so as to ensure that bubbles of gas pass through the packing medium. Further, ideally, weirs are provided towards the innermost part of the chamber for the removal of essentially organic froth or fluid.
- the Removal chamber is provided within a hollow outer casing which is provided with a central aqueous stream outlet whereby aqueous fluid leaving the Removal chamber via the outer aqueous stream outlet travels inwardly towards the central aqueous stream outlet provided in the outer case.
- the kinetic energy of the aqueous stream is significantly reduced and therefore this arrangement is ideally suited to an apparatus including a plurality of said Removal chambers arranged in series and the sequential passage of an aqueous sample stream therethrough. Alternatively, this arrangement is also ideally suited to an apparatus where cycling of the aqueous stream repeatedly through the Removal chamber takes place. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that a lowering of the kinetic energy of the aqueous stream leaving each Removal chamber optimises power consumption of the apparatus.
- a method for removing dissolved and dispersed organic components from an aqueous stream comprising; arranging for counter flow of an aqueous stream and a gas stream through a porous medium and; controlling the relative rates of flow of said aqueous stteam and said gas stteam so as to selectively conttol the removal of dispersed and dissolved organic components from said aqueous stream.
- Figure 2 shows a centrifugal apparatus for removing dissolved and dispersed organic components from an aqueous stteam flowing through the apparatus in a direction indicated by arrows A.
- Arrows B indicate the direction of flow of a gas stream through the apparatus.
- the apparatus comprises a hollow shaft 1 sealingly divided by partition 2 into aqueous channel 1A and gaseous channel IB. Attached to the outermost side of shaft 1 is a cylindrical drum 3 which is divided into two compartments, an inner compartment comprising Removal chamber 4 and an outer compartment comprising return conduit 5. A dividing wall 6 is provided between the two compartments. Wall 6 is hollow and in fluid connection with hollow shaft IB such that gas flowing through shaft IB flows between dividing wall 6 and into injection tubes 7. From injection tubes 7 gas enters Removal chamber 4 and specifically, enters as relatively small bubbles.
- Removal chamber 4 is packed with a porous medium 8 which aids both the coupling of fluid rotation and the coalescence of the dispersed organic phase.
- Weirs 9 are provided towards the innermost part of Removal chamber 4 so as to facilitate removal of organic froth or fluid from chamber 4.
- Fluid entering Removal chamber 4 passes into such chamber below the surface of the gas/liquid interface.
- An aqueous stream outlet 10 is provided in drum 3 and outlet 10 is located adjacent shaft 1.
- Drum 3 is rotated about the central axis of hollow shaft 1 using conventional rotation means.
- This rotation means has been omitted from Figure 2 for the purpose of clarity.
- aqueous fluid containing both dispersed and dissolved organic components enter the apparatus via hollow shaft 1A and pass through distribution tubes 11 into Removal chamber 4.
- the fluid passes through the porous packing medium 8 and droplets of organic components tend to coalesce on the surface of the medium eventually forming an inner organic film or stream. This occurs because the centrifugal acceleration encourages the dispersed organic components to migrate inwardly and so increases the settling velocity.
- gas passes from hollow shaft IB through hollow divider wall 6 and enters Removal chamber 4 via gas injection tubes 7.
- Gas enters as bubbles near the periphery of the Removal chamber 4.
- These bubbles due to their buoyancy in the centrifugal field produced by the rotation of the apparatus move relatively rapidly through the packing medium towards the central axis of rotation of the machine. In doing so they provide additional surface area, forcing the liquid to pass through the bubble cloud and so aid coalescence.
- the organic components tend to concentrate around the surface of the bubbles and so are rapidly transported, in counter flow to the bulk of the aqueous stteam, towards the centte of the apparatus where they form the said inner organic film or stream such as a continuous organic layer or a froth rich in organic components.
- the organic layer or froth is allowed to overflow weirs 9 and leave the apparatus as a stteam rich in the organic component of the mixture.
- the aqueous phase, now cleansed of dispersed components leaves Removal chamber 4 at the periphery of chamber 4 and enters cavity 5 provided in drum 3. In this cavity the aqueous stteam flows towards outlet 10 provided near the innermost part of the drum and so leaves the apparatus.
- the gas bubbles in the Removal chamber 4 are used to strip out these volatile organic components. This occurs via mass transfer.
- the stripping can be controlled by controlling the relative flow rate of the aqueous stteam with respect to the gas stteam. A large proportion of the dissolved volatile organic components then leave the apparatus as a vapour at the site of the gas outlet.
- Flow through the drum outlet 10 is controlled to ensure that all the organic components leave via weirs 9 in the Removal chamber 4.
- Outlet 10 enables the aqueous stteam to be discharged near to the axis of rotation of drum 3 and so minimises the overall prior requirement for machine rotation.
- centrifugal acceleration at the weir in the active chamber should be at least 100 M/sec ⁇ at the periphery of the machine it may be as high as 12000
- gas injection rates may be as low as l/20th the volume rate of the flow of the heavy phase.
- the stripping gas may be any suitable and available gas, such as nitrogen, inert gas, natural gas or even air when this does not give rise to any explosive or flammability hazard.
- rotation of the contents of the Removal chamber 4 may be affected by providing a suitably designed baffled rotor. In this instance, chamber 4 will be stationary.
- a plurality of Removal chambers are provided in series so that an aqueous stteam may be subject to more than one stage of organic removal by directing the outflow from outlet 10 into at least one subsequent Removal chamber.
- the gas flow in each removal chamber need not be the same.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Degasification And Air Bubble Elimination (AREA)
Abstract
L'invention concerne un appareil et un procédé utilisés dans l'extraction de composants organiques d'un flux aqueux, et en particulier l'extraction de composants organiques dispersés et dissous. Le procédé d'extraction des composants organiques d'un flux aqueux consiste à utiliser le contre-courant d'un flux aqueux et d'un flux gazeux. Il consiste plus spécifiquement à utiliser un milieu poreux dans lequel s'écoulent les flux aqueux et gazeux. Ce milieu facilite le couplage de la rotation des fluides dans un système centrifuge et la coalescence des composants organiques dispersés. L'invention se rapporte également à la régulation du débit relatif desdits flux aqueux et gazeux de manière à réguler sélectivement l'extraction des composants dérivés et dissous. Elle concerne aussi le recyclage d'un flux aqueux au moyen d'un seul appareil, ou le transfert séquentiel d'un flux aqueux par une pluralité d'appareils selon l'invention. A chaque étape de l'opération, l'appareil peut être ajusté de manière à extraire sélectivement un type donné de composants organiques.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU49668/93A AU4966893A (en) | 1992-08-20 | 1993-08-18 | Separation of aqueous and organic components |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB929217746A GB9217746D0 (en) | 1992-08-20 | 1992-08-20 | Separation of aqueous and organic components |
| GB9217746.8 | 1992-08-20 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1994004266A1 true WO1994004266A1 (fr) | 1994-03-03 |
Family
ID=10720695
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/GB1993/001756 WO1994004266A1 (fr) | 1992-08-20 | 1993-08-18 | Separation de composants aqueux et organiques |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU4966893A (fr) |
| GB (1) | GB9217746D0 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO1994004266A1 (fr) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2004069753A1 (fr) * | 2003-02-10 | 2004-08-19 | Minox Technology As | Procede et installation d'epuration d'eaux utilisees dans le cadre d'un processus |
| EP2516051A4 (fr) * | 2009-12-22 | 2014-09-24 | Cassandra Oil Technology Ab | Réacteur |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2632811A1 (de) * | 1976-07-21 | 1978-01-26 | Bayer Ag | Verfahren zur reinigung von fluessigkeiten |
| EP0020055A1 (fr) * | 1979-05-31 | 1980-12-10 | Imperial Chemical Industries Plc | Procédé et dispositif pour effectuer un échange de masses |
| EP0082630A1 (fr) * | 1981-12-18 | 1983-06-29 | Imperial Chemical Industries Plc | Procédé de séparation |
| JPS63178886A (ja) * | 1987-01-20 | 1988-07-22 | Nikko Eng Kk | 浮上分離方法及び装置 |
| US5069796A (en) * | 1990-05-07 | 1991-12-03 | Fox James R | System for removing volatile components from water derived from wells |
| US5104525A (en) * | 1991-05-13 | 1992-04-14 | Roderick James R | Portable self-contained water remediation package |
-
1992
- 1992-08-20 GB GB929217746A patent/GB9217746D0/en active Pending
-
1993
- 1993-08-18 WO PCT/GB1993/001756 patent/WO1994004266A1/fr active Application Filing
- 1993-08-18 AU AU49668/93A patent/AU4966893A/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2632811A1 (de) * | 1976-07-21 | 1978-01-26 | Bayer Ag | Verfahren zur reinigung von fluessigkeiten |
| EP0020055A1 (fr) * | 1979-05-31 | 1980-12-10 | Imperial Chemical Industries Plc | Procédé et dispositif pour effectuer un échange de masses |
| EP0082630A1 (fr) * | 1981-12-18 | 1983-06-29 | Imperial Chemical Industries Plc | Procédé de séparation |
| JPS63178886A (ja) * | 1987-01-20 | 1988-07-22 | Nikko Eng Kk | 浮上分離方法及び装置 |
| US5069796A (en) * | 1990-05-07 | 1991-12-03 | Fox James R | System for removing volatile components from water derived from wells |
| US5104525A (en) * | 1991-05-13 | 1992-04-14 | Roderick James R | Portable self-contained water remediation package |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| DATABASE WPI Section Ch Week 8835, Derwent World Patents Index; Class D15, AN 88-246285 * |
| PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 12, no. 455 (C - 548) 29 November 1988 (1988-11-29) * |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2004069753A1 (fr) * | 2003-02-10 | 2004-08-19 | Minox Technology As | Procede et installation d'epuration d'eaux utilisees dans le cadre d'un processus |
| GB2412656A (en) * | 2003-02-10 | 2005-10-05 | Minox Technology As | Method and plant for the purification of produced water |
| GB2412656B (en) * | 2003-02-10 | 2006-10-11 | Minox Technology As | Method and plant for the purification of produced water |
| EP2516051A4 (fr) * | 2009-12-22 | 2014-09-24 | Cassandra Oil Technology Ab | Réacteur |
| AU2010334991B2 (en) * | 2009-12-22 | 2015-12-03 | Cassandra Oil Technology Ab | Reactor comprising a rotor |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB9217746D0 (en) | 1992-09-30 |
| AU4966893A (en) | 1994-03-15 |
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