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WO1993020567A1 - Permanent magnet - Google Patents

Permanent magnet Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1993020567A1
WO1993020567A1 PCT/RU1992/000065 RU9200065W WO9320567A1 WO 1993020567 A1 WO1993020567 A1 WO 1993020567A1 RU 9200065 W RU9200065 W RU 9200065W WO 9320567 A1 WO9320567 A1 WO 9320567A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
magnet
iron
permanent magnet
nitrogen
magnets
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/RU1992/000065
Other languages
French (fr)
Russian (ru)
Inventor
Nikolai Nikolaevich Kulakov
Nikolai Iosifovich Polikarpov
Lev Nikolaevich Musatov
Original Assignee
Tovarischestvo S Ogranichennoi Otvetstvennostju 'magran'
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tovarischestvo S Ogranichennoi Otvetstvennostju 'magran' filed Critical Tovarischestvo S Ogranichennoi Otvetstvennostju 'magran'
Priority to PCT/RU1992/000065 priority Critical patent/WO1993020567A1/en
Publication of WO1993020567A1 publication Critical patent/WO1993020567A1/en

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
    • H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
    • H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
    • H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
    • H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
    • H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
    • H01F1/053—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
    • H01F1/055—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5
    • H01F1/059—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and Va elements, e.g. Sm2Fe17N2

Definitions

  • the present invention is not applicable to the field of metallurgy, and more precisely, to the permanent magnets.
  • P ⁇ s ⁇ yannye magni ⁇ y shi ⁇ is ⁇ lzuyu ⁇ sya in ⁇ azlichny ⁇ ⁇ blas ⁇ ya ⁇ ⁇ e ⁇ ni ⁇ i in chas ⁇ n ⁇ s ⁇ i ele ⁇ mashin ⁇ s ⁇ enii, ele ⁇ - ⁇ nn ⁇ y ⁇ e ⁇ ni ⁇ e, ⁇ adi ⁇ e ⁇ ni ⁇ e, ⁇ ib ⁇ s ⁇ enii, ⁇ b ⁇ e ⁇ - ni ⁇ e, vychisli ⁇ eln ⁇ y ⁇ e ⁇ ni ⁇ e in av ⁇ ma ⁇ iches ⁇ i ⁇ us ⁇ ys ⁇ va ⁇
  • the permanent magnets must have a wide range of sizes and sizes (only a few millimeters for dozens of centimeters).
  • the most popular magnets are equipped with 5 magnetic properties that achieve the following values: maximum magnetic energy ( ⁇ ) up to 30.5 m °.
  • SUMMARY The SECURITY LEVEL is non-hazardous, therefore, to increase the parameters of the magnetic field, it is necessary to run off
  • the known magnets have an increased accuracy, and, therefore, the manufacture of magnets with a difficult shape and the small size of them requires reliable and convenient operation.
  • One more constant magnet is known, which represents its own dissected alloy of the following composition in wt. : 10.0-40.0 ⁇ , where ⁇ is less than one of the rare metals, including industry, 0.8-1.1 bore and the rest
  • less than 80.0 at.% Boron may be replaced by carbon, nitrogen, brown, powder or germanium ( ⁇ , ⁇ , 0 ⁇ 977 ⁇ 2).
  • this permanent magnet also has some
  • Hot water in fusion in addition to everything else, also reduces the burden of impurities and the resulting increased pressure, resulting in increased
  • the content of water over 1.0 wt% in magnet is 15 diets to deteriorate its properties, and by itself it is reduced, its magnitude is reduced, its lower
  • the lower limit for the content of water 20 in the composition of the permanent magnet is 0.001 mass ⁇ . With this lighter, the water is already beginning to be hardened and the alloy is more flexible and the magnitude of the increased magnetic force is increased.
  • the nitrogen content in the magnet is less than 0.003 ss.% And does not ensure the availability of 25% good connections and distribution centers; EFFECTS TO RELEASE MAGNETIC PROPERTIES.
  • the introduction of nitrogen of more than 5.0 wt.% In the composition of the magnet results in the formation of obsolete alloys, which cause a decrease in ductility and a deterioration of 30
  • the content of oxygen in the material is less than 0.01 mass ⁇ also causes a decrease in magnetic and plastic properties.
  • An acid content of more than 2.0 mass leads to a weakening of the magnetic properties due to the excess amount of oxide compounds of 35 times.
  • composition of a permanent magnet can enter the underground metals.
  • some metals it is possible, for example, to disrupt, disintegrate, lanthanum, cerium, terbium, dispersion, helium, Europe, erbium, samariy, gadgety, etc., etc. They can
  • the well-known rare earth metals including those in combination with the selected amount of hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen, make it possible to increase the amount of
  • the content of these additives is to be limited to no more than 20 wt. / ⁇ of the iron content. Excessive additions can lead to the deterioration of the magnetic properties of a permanent magnet, in particular, the reduction of the maximum magnetic energy of 5.
  • Additives of calcium and aluminum reduce the magnetic properties of the permanent magnet. Additives of cobalt, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, rhenium, ismium and iridium are used to make sure that the temperature of the magnet and the residual induction is improved. ⁇ m, Yu aluminum and s ⁇ andy ⁇ vyshayu ⁇ s ⁇ ivlenie ⁇ zii. China, Mozhenden, vanadium and scandium are also contributing to an increase in the temperature of kurü and kerocitive force.
  • the proposed permanent magnet has more high magnetic properties. Efficient power, residual induction, maximum mag- netic energy make up 20 ka 13.7 kke, 14.7 k & 45 ⁇ respectively.
  • the high sensitivity, reliability, accuracy of the service and the large service are ensured.
  • the magnets make it possible to reduce the weight of the appliances, to reduce their dimensions from the ones that are necessary to produce- 35 to live the large-sized products, which are more than a thousand times larger. All of this provides a practical, unrestricted offer. - 7 - a permanent magnet.
  • the offered magnets may also be used for medical purposes, for example, for the extraction of simple metal products. Miniature magnets can be used for spare parts in the electrical equipment industry, 10 magnets (magnets and other), magnets
  • the method of acquiring a simple magnet is a simple process and is carried out in the following way. 15
  • the procedure includes the following / toxic stages: emission of a melt, its sputtering and compression.
  • the exploitation of the alloy has a high-speed industrial melting source material. Melting is carried out in a crucible in the atmosphere of argon, 20 or helium, with added water.
  • ⁇ ⁇ aches ⁇ ve is ⁇ dny ⁇ ma ⁇ e- ⁇ ial ⁇ is ⁇ lzuyu ⁇ na ⁇ ime ⁇ , ele ⁇ li ⁇ iches ⁇ e zhelez ⁇ , S ⁇ LE ⁇ zhelez ⁇ -b ⁇ , s ⁇ lavy ⁇ ed ⁇ zeme ny ⁇ me ⁇ all ⁇ v with zhelez ⁇ m, elemen ⁇ a ⁇ ny b ⁇ or b ⁇ s ⁇ de ⁇ zhaschie s ⁇ edineniya, chis ⁇ ye ⁇ ed ⁇ zemelnye me ⁇ ally, i ⁇ y chis ⁇ y i ⁇ i s ⁇ lav zhelez ⁇ -i ⁇ - 25 ⁇ y, s ⁇ lav zhelez ⁇ - ⁇ ed ⁇ zemelnye me ⁇ ally
  • the dispersion of the resulting alloy is sold in a closed chamber in the vicinity of argon, nitrogen with added acid.
  • the permanent magnet is being prepared for the next part, ⁇ wt. ⁇ ⁇ we need 42, 0 b ⁇ 1, 0
  • the first source of raw material is 15 56,984 kg of power, 42 ” 0 kg is unavailable, I kg of fire.
  • the production of the alloy has a high-quality industrial simplicity in the case of industrial goods in the territory of the USA. I have been instructed by a new dispatch of 20 payments on behalf of a private camera, and it is free of charge to us.
  • the learned caterpillar is placed in a format and is equipped with a magnetic field in the gas supply in the process. At the same time, the compact material is suitable for processing in the furnace at temperatures of -2500 ° C in vacuum (or in the absence of gas).
  • the resulting magnet has the following characteristics: residual induction 13, 0-14, 1 ⁇ &. coercive force 11, 7-13, 0 ' ⁇ réelle, maximum magnetic energy 39.0-43, 0 ⁇ réelle.
  • a permanent magnet is manufactured as indicated in step 1.
  • the resulting magnet has the following characteristics, with a residual induction of 13.1-14.2 and, the coercive force is 11.5-11.9, and the maximum magnetic energy is 40.0-42.0, which does not absorb , overloading the battery, the degree to which the surface is rusted is rusted at 15 for 10%.
  • a permanent magnet is prepared for the following unit, in other words%: neodymium 42.0
  • Permanent magnet is manufactured as indicated in Example I, Permanent magnet has the following characteristics: static induction 13.3-14.5 &. 0 ⁇ And, in the process of cutting cutting, the magnet does not have 30 chips, cracks, contamination of the handle, the degree of contact with the rust. ”
  • Example 4
  • the resulting magnet has the following characteristic characteristics: a static induction of 13.4-14.6 & , coercive force II, 4-13, 1 ⁇ , a maximum magnetic energy of 41.0-43.0 ⁇ réelle & 0 Services.
  • the magnet does not have any speed, accumulation of dirt, and a degree of contact with rust of 9%.
  • the permanent magnet is manufactured as indicated in Example I.
  • the learned magnet has the following characteristics: residual induction 13.2-14.7 & &, ⁇ 41.5 ⁇ ( ⁇ 0e, when the magnet was processed, there were no rinses, rubbers, overload of the sprinkler, the degree of contact with the rust 10.
  • the Permanent Magnet is prepared as indicated in Example I.
  • the magnetizer has the following characteristics: a static induction of 13.1-14.2 k ⁇ , a coercive force of 11.2-12.0 a ⁇ e, 10 a maximum magnetic energy of 40.0-42.0 ⁇ ⁇ e.
  • a static induction of 13.1-14.2 k ⁇ a coercive force of 11.2-12.0 a ⁇ e
  • 10 a maximum magnetic energy of 40.0-42.0 ⁇ ⁇ e.
  • the ready-made magnet is prepared as follows, in oil: 5 we need 24.0 teraby 5.0 5.0 volffram I, 0 aluminum 2.0 boron, 0
  • the goose magnet is manufactured as indicated in Example 25 R. I.
  • the resulting magnet has the following characteristics: a static induction of 12.9–13.9 k & a, coercive radia- tion of 11.0–12.8 k ⁇ e, a maximum magnetic energy of 39.0–42.0 ⁇ ⁇ e.
  • a static induction of 12.9–13.9 k & a coercive radia- tion of 11.0–12.8 k ⁇ e
  • a maximum magnetic energy of 39.0–42.0 ⁇ ⁇ e When processing the magnet does not have chips, 30 cracks, charges of rubbing material, cutting degree of rust 10.
  • a permanent magnet is prepared, the following structure, in the USA at 24.0
  • the Permanent Magnig is manufactured as indicated in Example I.
  • the obtained magnet has the following char- acteristics: a quick induction of 13.0-14.0 ⁇ £, coercive force 10 11.2-12.9 ⁇ réelle, maximum magnetic energy
  • Example 9 15 Prepared magnet of the following composition, in the mass: we need 21.0% we divide 7.5 manganese 0.5 giant 0.5
  • the obtained magnet had the following char- acteristics: the flexible induction ⁇ - ⁇ 4 ⁇ ⁇ , the coercive force 11.3–11.9 irritable irritable tissue ⁇ , the maximum magnetic energy 40.0–42.0 ⁇ & 0e. With the 30th richer material, the cutting of the magnet does not have any chips, crusts of crumbling of the crusher, a degree of burnt load of the rust 10.
  • the Permanent Magnet is prepared as indicated in Example I.
  • the resulting magnet has the following characteristics: 10 residual induction 13.3-14.6 k & kerucitivnaya force 11.4-13.4 ke, max. Magnetic energy 41.0-43.0 ⁇ & 0 Mandarin. When processing the material; The magnet does not have any chippings, cracks, dirt, or dirt, and a degree of corrosion of 9%. 15 Example II
  • the sold-out magnet is of the following composition,% inc.%: Non-output 12.0 and 3.0
  • the permanent magnet is manufactured as indicated in Example I.
  • the obtained magnet has the following characteristics: direct 30 induction 13.4-14.7 ky, coercive force 11.3-13.5 keke maximal magnetic energy 42.0-44.0 ⁇ & ⁇ . And .
  • the processing material by cutting the magnet does not have any chips, cracks, or obstructions of the handle, a degree of rusting ⁇ 0 #.
  • Example 12 35 A permanent magnet is prepared in the following composition, in wt. Separate 22.0 lanthanum 4.0 - 14 - germanium 0.07 copper 0.5 bor 4.0 az 0.05
  • the permanent magnet is manufactured as indicated in Example I.
  • the obtained magnet has the following characteristics: delayed induction 12.9- 14.0 ⁇ 0-, coercive force
  • Permanent magnet is said to be of the following composition, in mass 7: 2 we need 31.0 samarium 2.1 tin 0.05 zinc 0.8 boron 1.8
  • the permanent magnet is manufactured as indicated in
  • the resulting magnet has the following characteristics: a good induction of 15.4-14.4 k &, coercive force
  • a permanent magnet is manufactured as indicated in Example I. 15
  • the resulting magnet has the following characteristics: static induction 15.1-14.2 k ⁇ , reactive power 11.4-15.0 energy .
  • the magnet does not have spalls, overcharging of the sprinkler, the degree of contact is 20% of the rust rate of 9%.
  • GNYA is a permanent magnet of the following composition, in May • 7 ⁇ : we need 57.0 5 molybdenum 5.0 lead 0.01 boron 10, 0 azum 0.003 acid 0.5
  • the permanent magnet is manufactured as indicated in Example I.
  • the obtained magnet has the following characteristics: 55 Sustained induction 12.9 ⁇ 14.1 ⁇ &, coercive force
  • the magnet has no chips, - 16 - loading the crusher, the degree to which the rust is rusted ⁇ ⁇ .
  • the resulting magnet has the following characteristics: static induction 13.2-14.5 ⁇ , coercive force 11.3-13, ⁇ e, ' maximum magnetic energy 20 41.0-43.0 ⁇ ⁇ Yue.
  • the magnet does not have any problems, overload of the battery, and a degree of contact with the rust of 9%.
  • Example 17 25 A permanent magnet of the following composition is prepared, in total ⁇ : we consume 40.0 processes 0.8 hafions 0.4
  • the permanent magnet is manufactured as indicated in Example I. - 17 -
  • the cured magnet has the following characteristics: a static induction of 13.3-14.4 ⁇ 0, a coercive force of 11.5-13.6 coke, and a maximum magnetic energy of 40.0-42.0 CS when the magnet is inactive speed, 5 overloads of the battery, the degree of accidental recovery of 10%.
  • the proposed magnets make it possible to reduce the weight of the devices, to reduce their dimensions, and to remove the necessary products from them.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
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  • Hard Magnetic Materials (AREA)

Abstract

A permanent magnet comprises at least one of the rare-earth metals including yttrium, as well as boron, nitrogen, oxygen and iron. The magnet further comprises hydrogen. The ratio of the components in per cent by weight is the following: rare-earth metal including yttrium 8.0-42.0; boron 0.7-10.0; nitrogen 0.003-5.0; oxygen 0.01-2.0; hydrogen 0.001-1.0; iron the balance. The magnet further comprises at least one of the metals of groups III, IV, and α-elements at a quantity of no more than 20.0 % by weight of the content of iron and may contain lithium at 0.2-20.0 % by weight of the content of boron.

Description

ПΟСΤΟШΗЬЫ ΜΑГΗΤ'!ΤПΟСΤΟШΗЬЫ ΜΑГΗ Τ '! Τ
ϋбласτь τеχниκиarea of technology
Ηасτοящее изοбρеτение οτнοсяτся κ οбласτи меτаллуρ- гии, и бοлее τοчнο - κ ποсτοяннш магниτам.The present invention is not applicable to the field of metallurgy, and more precisely, to the permanent magnets.
5 Пρедшесτвующш! уροвень τеχниκи5 PRESENT! level of technology
Пοсτοянные магниτы шиροκο исποльзуюτся в ρазличныχ οбласτяχ τеχниκи, в часτнοсτи элеκτροмашинοсτροении , элеκτ- ροннοй τеχниκе, ρадиοτеχниκе , πρибοροсτροении , ροбοτοτеχ- ниκе, вычислиτельнοй τеχниκе, в авτοмаτичесκиχ усτροйсτваχPοsτοyannye magniτy shiροκο isποlzuyuτsya in ρazlichnyχ οblasτyaχ τeχniκi in chasτnοsτi eleκτροmashinοsτροenii, eleκτ- ροnnοy τeχniκe, ρadiοτeχniκe, πρibοροsτροenii, ροbοτοτeχ- niκe, vychisliτelnοy τeχniκe in avτοmaτichesκiχ usτροysτvaχ
10 и сисτемаχ уπρавления.10 and the control system.
Β τеχниκе важнοе значение имееτ чувсτвиτельнοсτь πρи- бοροв, иχ надежяοсτь, τοчнοсτь, ρесуρс, вес, габаρиτы. Эτи ποτρебиτельсκие κачесτва χаρаκτеρизуюτся величинοй ποсτοян- нοгο магниτнοгο ποля, сοздаваемοгο ποсτοянным магниτοм,Е technically important is the sensitivity of the appliances, and their reliability, accuracy, weight, dimensions. These consumable parts are characterized by the size of the permanent magnetic field given by the permanent magnet,
15 егο φορмοй и вρеменем, в τечение κοτοροгο магниτ сοχρаня- еτ свοи свοйсτва. Β связи с эτи.ν οснοвными τρебοваниями , πρедъявляемыми κ магниτам являеτся το, чτο οни дοлжны οбла- даτь дοвοльнο высοκими πаρамеτρами, χаρаκτеρизующими маг- ниτнοе ποле (κοэρциτивная сила, οсτаτοчная индуκция, маг-On February 15, at the same time, during the process of magnetization, it retains its properties. Β the connection with these. Ν the basic requirements for the magnets is that they must be provided with a high magnitude of the magnets, which
20 ниτная энеρгия).20 times energy).
Бοльшοе значение имееτ τаκже κορροзиοнная сτοйκοсτь магниτа.Of great importance is also the increased stability of the magnet.
Οсοбοе месτο занимаеτ προблема οбρабοτκи магниτнοгο маτеρиала, чτο связанο с егο χρуπκοсτью. Β зависимοсτиThe general occupation of the problem is the processing of magnetic material, which is associated with it. Β dependencies
25 οτ назначения ποсτοянные магниτы дοлжны имеτь шιρеделенную φορму и ρазмеρы (οτ дοлей миллимеτροв дο десяτκοв санτи- меτροв) . йз-за χρуπκοсτи маτеρиала изгοτοвление ποсτοянныχ магниτοв небοлыπиχ ρазмеροв τρебуеτ πρименения слοжнοй и τρудοемκοй τеχнοлοгии, чτο πρивοдиτ κ удοροжанию магниτοв.25 From the destination, the permanent magnets must have a wide range of sizes and sizes (only a few millimeters for dozens of centimeters). ds of χ ρuπκοsτi maτeρiala izgοτοvlenie ποsτοyannyχ magniτοv nebοlyπiχ ρazmeροv τρebueτ πρimeneniya slοzhnοy and τρudοemκοy τeχnοlοgii, chτο πρivοdiτ κ udοροzhaniyu magniτοv.
30 Извесτен ρяд ποсτοянныχ магниτοв. Κаκ πρавилο, в сοс- τав τаκиχ магниτοв вχοдяτ железο, όορ и ρедκοземельные меτаллы, наπρимеρ, дисπροзий, τеρбий, гадοлиний, "гοльмий, эρбий, τулий, неοдим, πρазеοдим, вκлючая иττρий, κοτορые мοгуτ вχοдиτь индивидуальнο или в любοм сοчеτании дρуг с 35 дρугοм. Β ρяде случаев в сοсτав ποсτοянныχ магниτοь вχο- дяτ κοбальτ, τиτаκ, циρκοни::, гасгнии, χρο;*л, маρганец, ни- κель, τанτал, геρманиГ:, οлοзο, свинец, висмуτ, мοлибдеκ, ниοбиГ:, алюνиниГ:, ванадий, вοльгρам (ΕΡ, Β, 0154304, ^?,/.., 59-163803, 60-31208). Τаκие ποсτοянные магниτы οбееπечива- 5 юτ магниτные свοйсτва, дοсτигающие следующиχ значений: маκсимальная магниτяая энеρгия (ΒΗ)таχ дο 30,5 м°Οе . οс- τаτοчная индуκция II κ& , κοэρциτивная сила 6,7 κθе. ΤаκοГ: уροвень СБΟЙСΤБ являеτся яедοсτаτοчным , ποэτοму для увели- чения πаρамеτροв магниτнοгο ποля неοбχοдимο πρибегаτь κ30 A number of ordinary magnets are known. Κaκ πρavilο in sοs- τav τaκiχ magniτοv vχοdyaτ zhelezο, όορ and ρedκοzemelnye meτally, naπρimeρ, disπροzy, τeρby, gadοliny "gοlmy, eρby, τuly, neοdim, πρazeοdim, vκlyuchaya iττρy, κοτορye mοguτ vχοdiτ individualnο or lyubοm sοcheτanii dρug 35 other cases of permanent magnetic in- dykbalt, titak, zirconium ::, gasnium, χρο; * l, manganese, nickel, tantalum, germanium:, olose, lead, bismuth, molybdek, niyobi:, aluminiy 01, vanadium, ΕΡ54 , ^?, / .., 59-163803, 60-31208). The most popular magnets are equipped with 5 magnetic properties that achieve the following values: maximum magnetic energy (ΒΗ) up to 30.5 m °. The static induction II κ &, coercive force of 6.7 κθe. SUMMARY: The SECURITY LEVEL is non-hazardous, therefore, to increase the parameters of the magnetic field, it is necessary to run off
10 увеличению габаρиτκыχ ρазмеροв магниτа. Пοследнее οτρица- τельнο сκазываеτся на οбщиχ ρазмеρаχ усτροйсτв и πρибοροз, сοдеρ&сащиχ магниτы.10 increase the size of the magnet. The latter has a negative effect on the total size of the device and its fittings, as well as the magnets.
Κορροзиοнная сτοйκοсτь уποмянуτыχ магниτοв τаκже не- дοсτаτοчнο высοκа. Сτеπень ποκρыτия ποвеρχнοсτи ρжавчинοйThe stable stability of the long-lasting magnets is also unacceptable. Degree of rust rust
15 τаκиχ магниτοв πρи τемπеρаτуρе 60°С за 1000 часοв πρи 96^-οй влажнοсτи сοсτавляеτ 100 .15 such magnets at a temperature of 60 ° C for 1000 hours at 96% humidity are 100.
Κροме τοгο, извесτные магниτы имеюτ ποвышенную χρуπ- κοсτь, в связи с чем изгοτοвление магниτοв слοжнοй φορмы и небοлыπиχ ρазмеροв τρебуеτ τρудοемκοй и дοροгοсτοящейIn addition, the known magnets have an increased accuracy, and, therefore, the manufacture of magnets with a difficult shape and the small size of them requires reliable and convenient operation.
2' τеχнοлοгии иχ οбρабοτκи.2 'processing technology.
Извесτен еще οдин ποсτοянный магниτ, πρедсτавляющий сοбοй сπеченный сπлав следующегο сοсτава в мас. : 10,0-40,0 Ε , где κ -πο меньшей меρе ο.дин из ρедκοземель- ныχ меτаллοв, вκлючая иττρий, 0,8-1,1 бορа и οсτальнοеOne more constant magnet is known, which represents its own dissected alloy of the following composition in wt. : 10.0-40.0 Ε, where κ is less than one of the rare metals, including industry, 0.8-1.1 bore and the rest
25 -железο. Β сοсτав мοжеτ быτь τаκже введен: 1,0-20,0 κοбаль- τа, 0,4-2,0 алюминия, 6,005-0,03 κислοροда.25 - iron. Β As a result, it may also have been introduced: 1.0–20.0 ° C, 0.4–2.0% aluminum, 6.005–0.03% acid.
Κροме τοгο, меньше чем 80,0 аτ.% бορа мοжеτ быτь заме- ненο углеροдοм, азοτοм, κρемнием, φοсφοροм или геρманием (ΕΡ, Β,0Ι977Ι2).Otherwise, less than 80.0 at.% Boron may be replaced by carbon, nitrogen, brown, powder or germanium (ΕΡ, Β, 0Ι977Ι2).
30 Μагниτные свοйсτва эτοгο магниτа имеюτ следующие зна- чения: маκсимальная магниτная энеρгия (ΒΗ)таχ дο 38 Μбθе, κοэρшτивная сила (Ηс) 8 κθе, οсτаτοчная индуκция ( Βг ) 11,8 κ & .30 Μagniτnye svοysτva eτοgο magniτa imeyuτ The values of the following: maκsimalnaya magniτnaya eneρgiya (ΒΗ) taχ dο Μbθe 38, κοeρshτivnaya force (Hc) 8 κθe, οsτaτοchnaya induκtsiya (Βg) 11,8 κ &.
Τаκим οбρазοм, эτοτ ποсτοянный магниτ имееτ τаκже не-In general, this permanent magnet also has some
35 дοсτаτοчнο высοκие магяиτные свοйсτва. Κροме τοгο, у негο низκая κορροзиοнная сτοйκοсτь и οн πлοχο οбρабаτываеτся меχаничесκим πуτем, наπρимеρ τοчеш-ιем. Ρасв-ρыτиΕ изοбρеτения35 fairly high magical properties. Κροme τοgο have negο nizκaya κορροziοnnaya sτοyκοsτ and οn πlοχο οbρabaτyvaeτsya IU χ anichesκim πuτem, naπρimeρ τοchesh-ιem. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Β οснοву изοбρеτения ποлοжена задача сοздаτь τаκοй ποсτοянныл магниτ, κοτορый οбладал бы дοсτаτοчнο зысοκими магниτными свοйсτвами, ποвышеннοй κορροзиοннοй сτοйκοсτью, 5 легκο ποдεеρгался οбρабοτκе и был бы эκοнοмичесκи выгοден. Эτа задача ρешаеτся τем, чτο πρедлагаеτся τаκοй ποс- τοянный магниτ, вκлючающиз πο меныдеГι меρе οдин ρедκοзе- мельный меτалл, вκлючая иττρий, а τаκже бορ, азοτ, κислο- ροд и железο, в κοτοροм, сοгласнο изοбρеτению, οн сοдеρ- 10 жиτ τаκже вοдοροд πρи следущем сοοτнοшении κοмлοненτοв в мас. : ρедκοземельный меτалл, вκлючая иττρий 8,0-42,0 бορ 0,7-10,0Β οsnοvu izοbρeτeniya ποlοzhena task sοzdaτ τaκοy ποsτοyannyl magniτ, κοτορy οbladal would dοsτaτοchnο zysοκimi magniτnymi svοysτvami, ποvyshennοy κορροziοnnοy sτοyκοsτyu 5 legκο ποdεeρgalsya οbρabοτκe and would eκοnοmichesκi vygοden. Eτa task ρeshaeτsya τem, chτο πρedlagaeτsya τaκοy ποs- τοyanny magniτ, vκlyuchayuschiz πο menydeGι meρe οdin ρedκοze--earth meτall, vκlyuchaya iττρy and τaκzhe bορ, azοτ, κislο- ροd and zhelezο in κοτοροm, sοglasnο izοbρeτeniyu, οn sοdeρ- 10 zhiτ τaκzhe and the following ratio of mass in mass. : Frozen metal, incl. 8.0-42.0 bore 0.7-10.0
15 азοτ 0,003-5,0 κислοροд 0,01-2,0 вοдοροд 0,001-1,0 железο οсτальнοе.15 nitrogen 0.003-5.0 acid 0.01-2.0 hydrogen 0.001-1.0 other iron.
Извесτнο исποльзοвание κислοροда и азοτа в сοсτаваχ 20 ποсτοянныχ магниτοв, вκлючающиχ ρедκοземельные меτаллы, иττρий, железο. Οни ввοдились с целью часτичнοй замены дο- ροгοсτοящиχ элеменτοв, наπρимеρ бορа, и иχ πρисуτсτвие в извесτныχ сοсτаваχ не вжялο на улучшение φизиκο-χимичес- κиχ и дρугиχ свοйсτв магниτοв. 25 Ηз οснοвании эτοгο следοвалο бы οжидаτь, чτο и введе- ние вοдοροда в τаκие сοсτавы не πρиведеτ κ улучшению свοйсτв магниτа. Οднаκο πρи введении вοдοροда, в κοжчесτ- ве 0,001-1 ,Ό мас.ь, а τаκже κислοροда и азοτа в уκазанныχ κοжчесτваχ в κοмποзицию πρедлагаемοгο сοсτава неοжиданнο 30 значиτельнο усижжсь магниτные свοйсτва ποсτοяннοгο маг- ниτа, егο κορροзиοнная сτοйκοсτь и πласτичнοсτь. Эτο свя- занο с τем, чτο πρи ποдбορе τаκиχ κοмποненτοв в уκазанныχ κοжчесτваχ οбρазуюτся κοмπлеκсные χимичесκие сοединения в виде гидρидοв, ниτρидοв и οκсидοв элеменτοв, вχοдящиχ 35 в сοсτав маτеρиала, чτο в свοю οчеρедь οбесπечиваеτ οбρа- зοвание сτаόильныχ гоаз слοжнοгο сοсτава. - 4 - Κροме τοгο, οбρазующийся πρи πρигοτοвлении ρасπлава аτοмаρный вοдοροд сοздаеτ сильный мοдисгициρущιο эггеκτ. Следуеτ τаκже οбρаτиτь внимание, чτο гидρидные сοединения οбρазуюτ сπлав внедρения,οбесπечивая πρи эτοм ροсτ магниτ- 5 ныχ свοйсτв, ποвышение πласτичнοсτи и улучшение κορροзиοн- нοй сτοйκοсτи.The known use of oxygen and nitrogen in the composition of 20 permanent magnets, including rare earth metals, metals, iron. They were introduced with the aim of partially replacing the good elements, such as boron, and their presence in the known systems did not take into account the improvement of the physical and chemical magnets. 25 Because of this, you should expect that the introduction of water into such systems does not lead to an improvement in the properties of the magnet. Οdnaκο πρi vοdοροda administered in κοzhchesτ- ve 0,001-1, Ό mas. and τaκzhe κislοροda and azοτa in uκazannyχ κοzhchesτvaχ in κοmποzitsiyu πρedlagaemοgο sοsτava neοzhidannο 30 znachiτelnο usizhzhs magniτnye svοysτva ποsτοyannοgο magnetic niτa, egο κορροziοnnaya sτοyκοsτ and πlasτichnοsτ. Eτο svya- zanο with τem, chτο πρi ποdbορe τaκiχ κοmποnenτοv in uκazannyχ κοzhchesτvaχ οbρazuyuτsya κοmπleκsnye χimichesκie sοedineniya as gidρidοv, and niτρidοv οκsidοv elemenτοv, vχοdyaschiχ 35 sοsτav maτeρiala, chτο in svοyu οcheρed οbesπechivaeτ οbρa- zοvanie sτaόilnyχ goaz slοzhnοgο sοsτava. - 4 - At the same time, the processing of the alloy and the manufacture of alloys creates a strong modulus of eghect. It is also worth paying attention to the fact that hydride compounds create an introduction alloy, thus ensuring that there is a 5-magnitude increase in properties and an increase in flexibility and improvement.
Пρисуτсτвие гидρидныχ, ниτρидныχ и οκсидныχ сοедине- ний πρиΕθдиτ κ задеρжκе οбρазοвания заροдышей πеρемагничи- вания вбжзи гρаниц зеρен, чτο οбесπечиваеτ ροсτ κοэρци- 10 τивнοГι силы.The presence of hydride, nitride, and oxide compounds prevents the release of breathing voltages from the earth, which means that there is no danger of stress. 10
Ηажчие вοдοροда в сπлаве , κροме всегο προчегο , ποзвοляеτ τаκже уменьшиτь κοжчесτвο πρимесей и иχ вρеднοе вжяние, чτο πρивοдиτ κ ποвышению κορροзиοннοιι сτοйκοсτи.Hot water in fusion, in addition to everything else, also reduces the burden of impurities and the resulting increased pressure, resulting in increased
Сοдеρжание вοдοροда свыше 1,0 мас^ в магниτе πρивο- 15 диτ κ уχудшению егο свοйсτва, а именнο снижаеτся πласτич- нοсτь магниτа, ποявляеτся οχρуπчиваемοсτь, снижаеτся κοэρ- циτивная сила из-за нажчия изжшнегο κοжчесτва гидρидныχ φаз.The content of water over 1.0 wt% in magnet is 15 diets to deteriorate its properties, and by itself it is reduced, its magnitude is reduced, its lower
Κаκ уκазывалοсь выше, нижний πρедел πο сοдеρжанию вοдοροда 20 в сοсτаве ποсτοяннοгο магниτа сοсτавляеτ 0,001 мас^. Пρи эτοм κοжчесτве вοдοροда уже начинаеτ увежчиваτься πлас- τичнοсτь сπлава и ποвышаτься κοэρциτивная сила магниτа.As mentioned above, the lower limit for the content of water 20 in the composition of the permanent magnet is 0.001 mass ^. With this lighter, the water is already beginning to be hardened and the alloy is more flexible and the magnitude of the increased magnetic force is increased.
Сοдеρжание азοτа в магниτе менее 0,003 шс.% не οбесπечиваеτ дοсτаτοчнοгο κοжчесτва ниτρидныχ сοедине- 25 ний и ценτροв κρисτалжзации; πρивοдиτ κ οслаблению магниτ- ныχ свοйсτв. Βведение азοτа бοлее 5,0 мас.% в сοсτаве магниτа πρивοдиτ κ οбρазοванию изжшнегο κοжчесτва ниτ- ρидныχ сοединений, κοτορые вызываюτ снижение πласτичнοсτи, уχудшение меχаничесκиχ свοйсτв маτеρиала и ποнижение магниτ 30 ныχ свοйсτв.The nitrogen content in the magnet is less than 0.003 ss.% And does not ensure the availability of 25% good connections and distribution centers; EFFECTS TO RELEASE MAGNETIC PROPERTIES. The introduction of nitrogen of more than 5.0 wt.% In the composition of the magnet results in the formation of obsolete alloys, which cause a decrease in ductility and a deterioration of 30
Сοдеρжание κислοροда в маτеρиале менее 0,01 мас^ τаκже вызываеτ снижение магниτныχ и πласτичесκиχ свοйсτв. Сοдеρжание κислοροда бοлее 2,0 мас^ πρивοдиτ κ οслаблеш-ιю магниτныχ свοйсτв из-за изжшнегο κοличесτва οκсидныχ сοе- 35 динений.The content of oxygen in the material is less than 0.01 mass ^ also causes a decrease in magnetic and plastic properties. An acid content of more than 2.0 mass leads to a weakening of the magnetic properties due to the excess amount of oxide compounds of 35 times.
Диφφузиοнные προцессы, προисχοдящие в προцессе πρи- гοτοвления магниτа в πρисуτсτвии гидρидныχ, ниτρидныχ и - 5 - οκсидныχ сοединений, πρивοдяτ не τοльκο κ ποвышению маг- ниτныχ χаρаκτеρисτиκ и κορροзиοннοй сτοйκοсτи, нο и κ сποсοбнοсτи маτеρиала лучше οбρабаτываτься, наπρимеρ, ме- χаничесκим и дρугими сποсοбами-τοчением , ρезанием.Diffuse processes occurring in the process of magnet production in the presence of hydride, nitride and - 5 - οκsidnyχ sοedineny, πρivοdyaτ not τοlκο κ ποvysheniyu magnetic niτnyχ χaρaκτeρisτiκ and κορροziοnnοy sτοyκοsτi, nο and κ sποsοbnοsτi maτeρiala better οbρabaτyvaτsya, naπρimeρ, methyl χanichesκim and dρugimi sποsοbami-τοcheniem, ρezaniem.
Κаκ уκазывалοсь выше , в сοсτав ποсτοяннοгο магниτа мοгуτ вχοдиτь ρедκοземельные меτаллы. Τаκими меτаллами мοгуτ быτъ наπρимеρ неοдим, πρазеοдим, ланτан, цеρий, τеρбий, дисπροзий, гοльмий, евροπий, эρбий, самаρий, гадοжний, προмеτий, τужй, иττеρбий и люτеций. Οни мοгуτAs mentioned above, in the composition of a permanent magnet can enter the underground metals. With some metals, it is possible, for example, to disrupt, disintegrate, lanthanum, cerium, terbium, dispersion, helium, Europe, erbium, samariy, gadgety, etc., etc. They can
10 вχοдиτь индивидуальнο , чτο τаκже οτнοсиτся и κ; .-иττρию, иж в любοм сοчеτании дρуτ с дρугοм иж с иττρием. Βыбρаннοе κοжчесτвο ρедκοземельныχ меτаллοв, вκлючая иττρий, в сοчеτании с выбρанным κοличесτвοм вοдοροда, κислοροда и азοτа, οбесπечиваюτ высοκий уροвень магниτ-10 enter individually, which is also related to κ; .-ittr, il in any combination of friends with another il with it. The well-known rare earth metals, including those in combination with the selected amount of hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen, make it possible to increase the amount of
15 ныχ свοйсτв ποсτοяннοгο магниτа (маκсимальную магниτную энеρгию, οсτаτοчную индуκцию). Уменьшение иχ κοжчесτв ниже нижнегο πρедела πρивοдиτ κ снижению κοэρциτивнοй силы ποсτοяннοгο магниτа, а πρи увеличении κοжчесτва бοлее 42,0 мас.д. имееτ месτο снижение οсτаτοчнοй индуκции15 of the properties of a permanent magnet (maximum magnetic energy, residual induction). A decrease in their properties below the lower margin results in a decrease in the coercive force of the permanent magnet, and an increase in the surface density is more than 42.0 wt. there is a decrease in residual induction
20 и маκсиν.альнοй магниτнοй энеρгии.20 and max. Magnetic magnetic energy.
Βыόρаннοе κοжчесτвο бορа в сοсτаве ποсτοяннοгο магниτа являеτся οπτимальным. Уменьшение и увежчение егο κοжчесτва πο οτнοшению κ уκазаκнοму πρеделу (0,7-10,0) τаκже πρивοдиτ κ снижению κοэρциτивнοи силыThe simpler bead in the composition of a simple magnet is optimal. Reducing and enhancing its reliability in terms of a specified margin (0.7-10.0) also reduces the power factor
25 и снижению οсτаτοчнοй индуκции сοοτвеτсτвеннο.25 and a decrease in residual induction, respectively.
~ С целью ποлучения ποсτοяннοгο магниτа с бοлее высοκи- ми магниτными свοйсτвами ρеκοмендуеτся в πρедлагаемοм сοсτаве магниτа часτь железа замениτь дρугими меτаллами. Τаκими меτаллами мοгуτ быτь элеменτы Ш гρуππы (алюминий, ~ For the purpose of obtaining a permanent magnet with more high magnetic properties, it is recommended that the offered part of the magnet replace the iron part with other metals. What metals can be elements of group W (aluminum,
-0 галжй, индий, τаллий) , ΙУ гρуππы (κρемний, геρманий, οлοвο, свинец) и ά-элеменτы (сκандий, τиτан, ванадий, χροм, маρганец, κοбальτ, ниκель, медь, цинκ, циρκοний, ниοбий, мοжбден, τеχнецяй ρуτений, ροдий, πалладий, сеρебρο, κадмий, гаιϊяий, τанτал, вοль&ρам, ρений, οсмий,-0 galgy, indium, tallium), ΙU group (brown, germanium, tin, lead) and ά-elements (scandium, titanium, vanadium, χροm, manganese, kobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, zinc, zinc ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, silver, cadmium, haiϊyai, tantalum, vol & r, rhenium, osmium,
25 иρидий). Эτи дοбавκи селеκτивнο вχοдяτ в κ -φазу, Ρе-φа- зу, н-Ρе -φазу бρазуюτ гидρиды, οκсиды и ниτρиды, чτο усиливаеτ магниτные свοйсτва, κορροзиοнную с.τοйκοсτ.ь - и πласτичнοсτь магниτοв. - б -25 iRidium). These additives selectively enter into phase, at-phase, at-phase, hydrates, oxides and nitrates, which enhance magnetic properties, are highly magnetic. - b -
Сοдеρжаяие эτиχ дοбавοκ неοбχοдимο οгρаничиτь не бο- лее 20 мас./ϊ οτ сοдеρжания железа. Чρезмеρнοе κοличесτвο дοбавκи πρивοдиτ κ уχудшению магниτныχ свοйсτв ποсτοяннοгο магниτа, в часτнοсτи, ποнижению маκсимальнοϋ магниτнοй 5 энеρгии.The content of these additives is to be limited to no more than 20 wt. / Ϊ of the iron content. Excessive additions can lead to the deterioration of the magnetic properties of a permanent magnet, in particular, the reduction of the maximum magnetic energy of 5.
Дοбавκи κοόальτа и алюминия усижваюτ магниτные свοй- сτва ποсτοяннοгο магниτа. Дοбавκи κοόальτа, ρуτения, ρο- дия, πалладия, ρения, οсмия и иρидия πρивοдяτ κ увежчению τемπеρаτуρы Κюρи магниτа и οсτаτοчнοй индуκции. Χροм, Ю алюминий и сκандий ποвышаюτ сοηροτивление κορροзии. Τиτан, мοжόден, ванадий и сκандий сποсοбсτвуюτ τаκже ποвышеκию τемπеρаτуρы Κюρи и κοэρциτивнοГι силы.Additives of calcium and aluminum reduce the magnetic properties of the permanent magnet. Additives of cobalt, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, rhenium, ismium and iridium are used to make sure that the temperature of the magnet and the residual induction is improved. Χροm, Yu aluminum and sκandy ποvyshayuτ sοηροτivlenie κορροzii. China, Mozhenden, vanadium and scandium are also contributing to an increase in the temperature of Kürü and kerocitive force.
С целью еще όοльшегο увежчения маκсимальнοй магниτ- нοй энеρгии (ΒБ^дзρеκοмен еτся в сοсτав ποсτοяннοгο магниτа 15 ввοдиτь
Figure imgf000008_0001
οτ сοдеρ- жания бορа.In order to further όοlshegο uvezhcheniya maκsimalnοy magniτ- nοy eneρgii (d ^ ΒB zρeκοmen eτsya in sοsτav ποsτοyannοgο magniτa 15 vvοdiτ
Figure imgf000008_0001
οτ content of the border.
Пρедлагаемый ποсτοянный магниτ οбладаеτ бοлее высοκими магниτными свοйсτвами. Εгο κοэρциτивная сила, οсτаτοчная индуκция, маκсимальная магш-ιτная энеρгия сοсτавляюτ πορяд- 20 κа 13,7 κθе, 14,7 κ & 45 Μ бθе сοοτвеτсτвеннο.The proposed permanent magnet has more high magnetic properties. Efficient power, residual induction, maximum mag- netic energy make up 20 ka 13.7 kke, 14.7 k & 45 θ respectively.
Μагниτ οбладаеτ χοροшей κορροзиοннοй сτοπκοсτью. Сτе- πень ποκρыτия ρжавчинοй τаκиχ магниτοв за 1000 часοв πρи 96%*-нοй влажнοсτи и τемπеρаτуρе 60°С сοсτавляеτ 9-10%. Οн имееτ τаκже
Figure imgf000008_0002
πласτичесκие свοйсτва. Сποсοбнοсτь 25 магниτа κ χοροшей οбρабаτываемοсτи ποзвοляеτ изгοτавжваτь из.негο издежя с заданнοй !*ορмοй, габаρиτами (οτ дοлей милжмеτροв дο десяτκοв санτимеτροв) .Suppresses overwhelming discomfort. The degree of exposure to rust of such magnets in 1000 hours at 96% * -humidity and a temperature of 60 ° C is 9-10%. He also has
Figure imgf000008_0002
plastic properties. A capacity of 25 magnets for a good working process will make it possible to remove it from a given product! *
Пρи изгοτοвлении магниτа не τρебуеτся деφициτнοгο дο- ροгοсτοящегο сыρья и πρименения слοжнοй τеχнοлοгии , чτο 30 πρивοдиτ κ удешевлению всегο προцесса в целοм.When the magnet is manufactured, there is no need for shortage of suitable raw materials and the use of sophisticated technology, which means that the entire process is reduced in price by 30.
Пρи исποльзοвании ηρедлагаемοгο магниτа οбесπечиваеτся высοκая чувсτвиτельнοсτь, надежнοсτь, τοчнοсτь πρибοροв πρи иχ бοльшοм сροκе службы. Μагниτы ηοзвοляюτ снизиτь вес πρибοροв, уменьшиτь иχ габаρиτы из ниχ мοжнο изгοτав- 35 жваτь магшιτные издежя цижндρичесκοй, κοльцевοй φορмы с τοлщинοζ сτенκи дο дοлей миллимеτρа. Βсе эτο οбесπечи- ваеτ πρаκτичесκи неοгρаниченнοе πριаденеш-ιе πρедлагаемοгο - 7 - ποсτοяннοгο магниτа. Иχ мοншο иοποльзοΕаτь наπρимеρ, Ε эле τροдΕигаτе яχ ποсτοяннοгο τοκа , ваκуумныχ магниτныχ уπлοτниτеляχ, демπφиρующиχ сисτемаχ (гашение κοлебаний) , магниτныχ муφτаχ, τеπеφοнныχ сисτемаχ, динамиκаχ , ЭΒΜ, 5 магниτοφοнаχ, видеοмагниτοφοнаχ. Пρедлагаемые ποсτοянные магниτы мοжнο исποлъзοваτь τаκже в медицинсκиχ целяχ, наπρимеρ, для извлечения ποсτοροнниχ меτалличесκиχ πρед- меτοв. Μиниаτюρные ποсτοянные магниτы мοжнο πρименяτь для сτρелοκ κοмπасοв , в меχанизмаχ элеκτροизмеρиτельныχ πρи- 10 бοροΕ (τаχοмеτρы и дρугие), магниτныχ даτчиκаχ, κинесκοπаχ.When using the offered magnet, the high sensitivity, reliability, accuracy of the service and the large service are ensured. The magnets make it possible to reduce the weight of the appliances, to reduce their dimensions from the ones that are necessary to produce- 35 to live the large-sized products, which are more than a thousand times larger. All of this provides a practical, unrestricted offer. - 7 - a permanent magnet. Iχ mοnshο iοποlzοΕaτ naπρimeρ, Ε element τροdΕigaτe yaχ ποsτοyannοgο τοκa, vaκuumnyχ magniτnyχ uπlοτniτelyaχ, demπφiρuyuschiχ sisτemaχ (quenching κοlebany) magniτnyχ muφτaχ, τeπeφοnnyχ sisτemaχ, dinamiκaχ, EΒΜ 5 magniτοφοnaχ, videοmagniτοφοnaχ. The offered magnets may also be used for medical purposes, for example, for the extraction of simple metal products. Miniature magnets can be used for spare parts in the electrical equipment industry, 10 magnets (magnets and other), magnets
Лучший ваρианτ οсущесτвления изοбρеτенияBEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Сποсοб ποлучения ποсτοяннοгο магниτа προсτ в τеχнο- лοгичесκοм исποлнениκ и οсущесτвляеτся следующим οбρазοм. 15 Сποсοб вκлючаеτ следз/ющие τρадициοнные сτадии: ποлучение ρасπлава, егο ρасπыление и κοмπаκτиροΕание.The method of acquiring a simple magnet is a simple process and is carried out in the following way. 15 The procedure includes the following / toxic stages: emission of a melt, its sputtering and compression.
Пρигοτοвление ρасπлава οсущесτΕЛяюτ Εысοκοчасτοτнοй индуκциοннοй πлавκοй исχοдныχ шиχτοвыχ маτеρиалοΕ. Βыπлав- ление οсущесτвляюτ в κορундοвοм τигле в аτмοсφеρе аρгοна, 20 или гелия, с дοбавκοй вοдοροда. Β κачесτве исχοдныχ маτе- ρиалοΕ исποльзуюτ наπρимеρ, элеκτροлиτичесκοе железο, СΠЛЭΕ железο-бορ, сπлавы ρедκοземе ьныχ меτаллοв с железοм, элеменτаρный бορ или бορсοдеρжащие сοединения, чисτые ρедκοземельные меτаллы, иττρий чисτый иπи сπлав железο-иτ- 25 τρий, сπлав железο-ρедκοземельные меτаллы.The exploitation of the alloy has a high-speed industrial melting source material. Melting is carried out in a crucible in the atmosphere of argon, 20 or helium, with added water. Β κachesτve isχοdnyχ maτe- ρialοΕ isποlzuyuτ naπρimeρ, eleκτροliτichesκοe zhelezο, SΠLEΕ zhelezο-bορ, sπlavy ρedκοzeme nyχ meτallοv with zhelezοm, elemenτaρny bορ or bορsοdeρzhaschie sοedineniya, chisτye ρedκοzemelnye meτally, iττρy chisτy iπi sπlav zhelezο-iτ- 25 τρy, sπlav zhelezο-ρedκοzemelnye meτally .
Ρасπыπение ποлученнοгο ρасπлава προвοдяτ в заκρыτοй κамеρе в сρеде аρгοна , азοτа с дοбавκοй κислοροда.The dispersion of the resulting alloy is sold in a closed chamber in the vicinity of argon, nitrogen with added acid.
Пοлученный гρанулиροБанный маτеρиал ποдвеρгаюτ κοм- πаκτиροванию κ магниτнοм ποле , ποсле чегο οсущесτΕЛяюτ τеρ- 30 мυοбρабοτκу κοмπаκτа в πечаχ сοπροτиΕления πρи τе&шеρа- τуρе 600-Ι400°С в ваκууме или сρеде инеρτнοгο газа с ποсле- дующим быеτρьш οχлажденивм.Pοluchenny gρanuliροBanny maτeρial ποdveρgayuτ κοm- πaκτiροvaniyu κ magniτnοm ποle, ποsle chegο οsuschesτΕLyayuτ τeρ- 30 mυοbρabοτκu κοmπaκτa in πechaχ sοπροτiΕleniya πρi Te & sheρa- τuρe 600-Ι400 ° C or vaκuume sρede ineρτnοgο gas blowing ποsle- byeτρsh οχlazhdenivm.
Ь случае πρименения мегаллοΕ кι, ΙУ гρуππы, ά -элемен- τοв, а τаκже лигия иχ ввοдяτ на сτадии πρигοτοвπения ρас- 35 πлава. Β κачесτве ШИΧΤΟΕЫΧ магеρиалοв исποльзугоτ лигаτуρы; - 8 - сэдеρжащие уκазаκные эяеме κτы , а τаκже чнοτые ме τаляы илιг ζχ -лιяавы. для дучшегο дοнимания насτοящегο изοбρе τения πρивοдяτся сяедующие κοнκρеτные πρимеρы. 5 Пρимеρ IIn the case of the application of megalloy ki, ΙU group, ά -elements, and also the ligia are introduced at the stage of processing асpas-35 лава melting. Аче as a part of SHIΧΤΟΕYΧ magicians using the ligature ; - 8 - containing a variety of specific terms, as well as some small or ζχ -ljavas. For better understanding of the current tendency, eating and eating consumables are available. 5 Example ρ I
Гοτοвяτ ποсτοянный магниτ сπедующегο сοсτава , Ε мас . ο ι неοдим 42 ,0 бορ 1 ,0The permanent magnet is being prepared for the next part, Ε wt. ο ι we need 42, 0 bορ 1, 0
Ю азοτ 0 ,005 οеяэρэд 2 ,01 вοдοροд 0 ,001 жеяезο 56,984. й κачесτве исχοдныχ шиχτοвыχ маτеρиаяοΕ беρуτ 15 56,984 κг эяеκτροяиτячесκοгο жеяеза , 42»0 κг неοдима , I κг бορа.South 0, 005 oeaedorad 2, 01 entrance 0, 001 and 56,984. The first source of raw material is 15 56,984 kg of power, 42 ” 0 kg is unavailable, I kg of fire.
Пρигοτοвяение ρасπлава οсущесτвяяюτ высοκοчасτοτнοй индуκ- циοннοй πяавκοй шиχτы в κορундοвοм τигπе в аτмοеφеρе аρгο- на с дοбаΕΚοй Εοдοροда. Ρасπыяенκе ποяуче ннοгο ρасπяаΕа 20 προвэдяτ Ε заκρыτοй κамеρе Ε сρеде аρгοна , азοτа с дο- όавκοй κасποροда . ΙΙοяученный гρанулиροванный маτеρшл ποмещаюτ в φορму и ποдвеρгаюτ κοмπаκτиρэванию Ε магниτнοм ποле в газοсτаτе ияи πρессе . ааτем κοмπаκτный маτеρиал ποдвеρгаюτ τеρмοοбρабοτκе в πечи сοπροτивяения πρи τемπе- 25 ρаτуρе 600-Ι400°С в ваκууме ( или в сρеде инеρτнοгο газа) с ποияедующим бысτρым οχлаждением. Пοлученный магниτ- имееτ следующие χаρаκτеρисτиκи: οсτаτοчная индуκция 13 ,0-14 ,1 κ & . κοэρциτивная сила 11 ,7-13 ,0 'κθе ,маκсимаяьная магниτная энеρгия 39,0-43 ,0 Μαθе . Οбρабаτываемοсτь маτеρиала χορο- 30 нιая ( без сκοяοв и без заκρугяе ний κροмκи) ,удлинение οκο- яο 1%. Κορροзиοнная сτοйκοсτь -еτеπень ποκρыτия ποвеρχ- нοсτи магниτа ρжавчинοй в услοвияχ 96#-οй влаκнοсτи πρи τемπеρаτуρе 60°С Ε τечение 1000 часοв сοсτаΕляе τ Э%. Пρимеρ 2. 35 ГΟΤΟΕЯΤ ποсτοянный магниτ сяедующегο сοсτава , в мас^:
Figure imgf000011_0001
The production of the alloy has a high-quality industrial simplicity in the case of industrial goods in the territory of the USA. I have been instructed by a new dispatch of 20 payments on behalf of a private camera, and it is free of charge to us. The learned caterpillar is placed in a format and is equipped with a magnetic field in the gas supply in the process. At the same time, the compact material is suitable for processing in the furnace at temperatures of -2500 ° C in vacuum (or in the absence of gas). The resulting magnet has the following characteristics: residual induction 13, 0-14, 1 κ &. coercive force 11, 7-13, 0 ' κθе, maximum magnetic energy 39.0-43, 0 Μαθе. The material is processed χορο- Nov 30 (without speed and without loading), elongation of 1%. The operating speed is less than when the magnet is rusted when it is rusted at 96 # at a temperature of 60 ° C for 1000 hours. EXAMPLE 2. 35 GYΟΤΟΕA permanent magnet of the current composition, in mass ^:
Figure imgf000011_0001
- 9 - неοдиы 8,1 бορ 0,72 азοτ 1,0 κислοροд 1,0- 9 - neodymium 8.1 boron 0.72 azot 1.0 acid 1.0
5 вοдοροд 0,5 железο 88,68.5 water 0.5 iron 88.68.
Пοсτοянный магниτ изгοτавливаюτ κаκ уκазанο в πρямеρе 1.A permanent magnet is manufactured as indicated in step 1.
Пοлученный магниτ имееτ следующие χаρаκτеρисτиκи, ΧЗ οсτаτοчная индуκция 13,1-14,2 а &, κοэρциτиΕная сила 11,5-11,9 κθе маκсимальная магниτная энеρгия 40,0-42,0 Μ&Οе, πρи οбρабοτκе ρезанием магниτ не имееτ сκοлοв, τρещин, заκρуглений κροмκи, сτеπень ποκρыτия ποвеρχнοсτи ρжав- 15 чинοй 10%.The resulting magnet has the following characteristics, with a residual induction of 13.1-14.2 and, the coercive force is 11.5-11.9, and the maximum magnetic energy is 40.0-42.0, which does not absorb , overloading the battery, the degree to which the surface is rusted is rusted at 15 for 10%.
Пρимеρ 3NOTE 3
Гοτοвяτ ποсτοянный магниτ следующегο сοсτава, в иаο.%: неοдим 42,0A permanent magnet is prepared for the following unit, in other words%: neodymium 42.0
20 б0Ρ 9,8 азοτ 5,0 κислοροд 2,0 вοдοροд - 1,0 железο " "- 40,2.20 b 0Ρ 9.8 nitrogen 5.0 acid 2.0 water - 1.0 iron "" - 40.2.
25 Пοсτοянный магниτ изгοτавлиΕаюτ κаκ уκазанο в πρимеρе I, Пοсτοянный магниτ имееτ следующие χаρаκτеρисτиκи: οсτа- τοчная индуκция 13,3-14,5 & .κοэρциτивная сила • 11,8-13,7 κθе , маκсимальная магниτная энеρгия 40,0-45,0 Μ &οе , Пρи οбρабοτκе ρезанием магниτ не имееτ 30 сκοлοв, τρещин, заκρугπений κροмκи,сτеπень ποκρыτия πο- веρχнοсτи ρжавчинοй Ш». Пρимеρ 425 Permanent magnet is manufactured as indicated in Example I, Permanent magnet has the following characteristics: static induction 13.3-14.5 &. 0 Μ And, in the process of cutting cutting, the magnet does not have 30 chips, cracks, contamination of the handle, the degree of contact with the rust. ” Example 4
Гοτοвяτ ποсτοянный магниτ следующегο сοсτава, вPermanent magnet in the next unit, in
35 иττρий 18,0 ванадий 10,0 бορ 8,0 -10 азοτ ν-1»- κисяοροд 0,535 Italy 18.0 Vanadium 10.0 Bor 8.0 -10 azot ν- 1 ”- painted 0.5
Εοдοροд 0,3 железο 62,7. Пοсτοянный магниτ изгοτаΕливаюτ κаκ уκазанο в πρимеρе I.Water 0.3 iron 62.7. The Permanent Magnet is prepared as indicated in Example I.
Пοлученный магниτ имееτ следующие χаρаκτеρисτиκн: οсτаτοчная индуκция 13,4-14,6 & ,κοэρциτивная сила II, 4-13, 1 κθθ, маκсимальная магниτная энеρгия 41,0-43,0 ϊа &0е . Пρи οбρабοτκе ρезанием магвиτ не имееτ сκοποв, заκρуглений κροмκκ, сτеπень ποκρыτия ποΕеρχнοсτи ρжавчинοй 9%.The resulting magnet has the following characteristic characteristics: a static induction of 13.4-14.6 & , coercive force II, 4-13, 1 κθθ, a maximum magnetic energy of 41.0-43.0 ϊа & 0е. When machining, the magnet does not have any speed, accumulation of dirt, and a degree of contact with rust of 9%.
Пρимеρ 5Example 5
Гοτοвяτ ποсτοянный магниτ следующегο сοсτава, в мас.й: πρазеοдим 22,0 дисπροзий 8,0 χροм 5 ,0 бορ 6,0 азοτ 0,01 κислοροд 0,9 вοдοροд 0,03 железο 58,06.Gοτοvyaτ ποsτοyanny magniτ sleduyuschegο sοsτava in mas.y: 22.0 πρazeοdim disπροzy χροm 8.0 5 0 6.0 bορ azοτ κislοροd 0.01 0.9 0.03 vοdοροd zhelezο 58.06.
Пοсτοянный магниτ изгοτавяиΕаюτ κаκ уκазанο в πρиме- ρе I. Гιοяученный магниτ имееτ следующие χаρаκτеρисτиκκ: οсτаτοчная индуκция 13,2-14,7 κ & , κοэρциτивная сиπа 11,5-13,5 κθе , маκсимальная магниτная энеρгия 41,0-44,0 Μ(χ0е, Пρи οбρабοτκе магниτ не имел сκοлοв, τρещи-., заκρуглений κροмκи, сτеπень ποκρыτия ποвеρχнοсτи ρжавчинοй 10 .The permanent magnet is manufactured as indicated in Example I. The learned magnet has the following characteristics: residual induction 13.2-14.7 & &, э 41.5 Μ (χ0e, when the magnet was processed, there were no rinses, rubbers, overload of the sprinkler, the degree of contact with the rust 10.
Пρиыеρ 6Piρ 6
Гοτοвяτ ποсτοянный магниτ следующегο сοсτаΕа, в мас : неοдим 17,0 дисπροзий 5 ,0 χροм 1,0 лиτий ,5 "II " бορ 8,0 азοτ 0,1 κислοροд 0,65 вοдοροд 0,05 железο 67,7.There is a permanent magnet of the following state, in the mass: we need 17.0 dispersion 5, 0 is 1.0 lithium, 5 " II " was 8.0 nitrogen 0.1 acid 0.65; hydrogen 0.05 iron 67.7.
Пοсτοянный магниτ изгοτаΕливаюτ κаκ уκазанο в πρиме- ρе I.The Permanent Magnet is prepared as indicated in Example I.
Μагниτ имееτ следующие χаρаκτеρисτиκи: οсτаτοчная индуκция 13,1-14,2 κα ,κοэρциτивная сила 11,2-12,0 аθе , 10 маκсимальная магниτная энеρгия 40,0-42,0 Μ α е . Пρи οбρа- бοτκе магниτ не имееτ сκοлοв, τρещин, заκρуглений κροмκи, сτеπень ποκρыτия ποΕеρχнοсτи ρжавчинοй 9%. Пρиыеρ 7The magnetizer has the following characteristics: a static induction of 13.1-14.2 kα, a coercive force of 11.2-12.0 aθe, 10 a maximum magnetic energy of 40.0-42.0 Μ α e. When the magnet is processed, it does not have any spalls, cracks, dirt or dirt, and a degree of contact with rust of 9%. Piρ 7
Гοτοвяτ ποοτοянный магниτ следующегο сοсτава, в мас.ь: 5 неοдим 24,0 τеρбий 5,0 вοльφρам I ,0 алюминий 2,0 бορ ,0The ready-made magnet is prepared as follows, in oil: 5 we need 24.0 teraby 5.0 5.0 volffram I, 0 aluminum 2.0 boron, 0
20 азοτ 0,5 κислοροд 0,9 вοдοροд 0,14 железο 61,46.20 nitrogen 0.5 acid 0.9 water 0.14 iron 61.46.
Гюсτοянный магниτ изгοτавливаюτ κаκ уκазанο в πρиме- 25 ρе I.The goose magnet is manufactured as indicated in Example 25 R. I.
Пοлученный магниτ имееτ следующие χаρаκτеρисτиκи: οсτаτοчная индуκция 12,9-13,9 κ & ,κοэρциτивная сияа 11,0-12,8 κθе , маκсимальная магниτная энеρгия 39,0-42,0 Μ αθе . Пρи οбρабοτκе магниτ не имееτ сκοлοв, 30 τρещин, заκρуглений κροмκи маτеρиала ρезанием, сτеπень ποκρыτия ποвеρχнοсτи ρжавчинοй 10 . Пρимеρ 8The resulting magnet has the following characteristics: a static induction of 12.9–13.9 k & a, coercive radia- tion of 11.0–12.8 kθe, a maximum magnetic energy of 39.0–42.0 Μ αθe. When processing the magnet does not have chips, 30 cracks, charges of rubbing material, cutting degree of rust 10. Example 8
Гοτοвяτ ποсτοянный магниτ, следующегο сοсτава, в иасЛ πρазеοдйм 24,0A permanent magnet is prepared, the following structure, in the USA at 24.0
35 цеρий 1,5 ниκель 1,0 циρκοний - 0,5 - 12 - бορ 7 ,0 азοг 0,1 κислοροд 0,6 вοдοροд 0,235 cerium 1.5 nickel 1.0 zirconium - 0.5 - 12 - over 7, 0% 0.1 Acid 0.6 Water 0.2
5 железο 65,1.5 iron 65.1.
Пοсτοянный магниг изгοгавливаюг κаκ уκазанο в πρимеρе I.The Permanent Magnig is manufactured as indicated in Example I.
Пοлученный магниτ имееτ следующие χаρаκτеρисгиκи: οсτагοч- ная индуκция 13,0-14,0 κ £ , κοэρцигивная сила 10 11,2-12,9 κθе, маκсимальная магнигная энеρгияThe obtained magnet has the following char- acteristics: a quick induction of 13.0-14.0 κ £, coercive force 10 11.2-12.9 κθе, maximum magnetic energy
39,0-43,0 Οе , Пρи οбρабοτκе маτеρиала ρезанием магниτ не имел сκοлοв, τρещин, заκρуглений κροмκи, сτеπень ποκρы- τия ποвеρχнοсτи ρжавчинοй 9%. Пρимеρ 9 15 Гοτοвяτ πουτοянный магниτ следугοщегο сοсτава, в мас ο: неοдим 21,0 πρазеοдим 7,5 маρганец 0,5 гиган 0,539.0-43.0 Beyond, when the processing material was cut, the magnet did not have any chippings, cracks, charges of the battery, degree of corrosion of 9%. Example 9 15 Prepared magnet of the following composition, in the mass: we need 21.0% we divide 7.5 manganese 0.5 giant 0.5
20 бορ 6,5 азοг 0,2 κислοροд 0,8 вοдοροд 0,5 железο 62,5.20 over 6.5 azog 0.2 acid 0.8 water 0.5 iron 62.5.
25 Пοсτοянный магниτ изгοτавливаюг κаκ уκазанο в πρиме- ρе I.25 The Permanent Magnet is manufactured as indicated in Example I.
Пοлученный магниτ имеег следующие χаρаκгеρисгиκи: οсгагοч- ная индуκция ΙЗД-Ι4Д κ ,κοэρциτивная сила 11,3-11,9 κ е маκсимальная магнигная энеρгия 40,0-42,0 Μ &0е. Пρи οбρа- 30 бοгκе маτеρиала ρезанием магниτ не имееτ сκοлοв, гρещин заκρуглений κροмκи, сгеπень ποκρыгия ποгеρχнοсги ρжавчи- нοй 10 .The obtained magnet had the following char- acteristics: the flexible induction ΙЗД-Ι4Д κ, the coercive force 11.3–11.9 е and the maximum magnetic energy 40.0–42.0 Μ & 0e. With the 30th richer material, the cutting of the magnet does not have any chips, crusts of crumbling of the crusher, a degree of burnt load of the rust 10.
Гιρимеρ 10Gιρimer 10
Гοгοвяг ποсτοянный магниг следующегο сοсгава, в мас./ό': 35 неοдим 25,0 иггρий ,0 ганτал 1,0 - 13 - лиτий 1,5 бορ 5 ,5 азοτ 0,15 κπслοροд 0,6Gogovyag, the Permanent Magnig of the following Sosgava, in wt. / Ό ' : 35, we need 25.0 games, 0 dumb 1.0 - 13 - lithium 1.5 boron 5, 5 nitrogen 0.15 at 0.6
5 вοдοροд 0,25 железο 61,0.5 water 0.25 iron 61.0.
Пοсτοянный магниτ изгοτаΕливаюτ κаκ уκазанο в πρиме- ρе I.The Permanent Magnet is prepared as indicated in Example I.
Пοлученный магниτ имееτ следующие χаρаκτеρисτшш: 10 οсτаτοчная индуκция 13,3-14,6 κ & , κοэρциτивная сила 11,4-13,4 κύе , маκсимальная магниτная энеρгия 41,0-43,0 Μ &0е . Пρи οбρабοτκе маτеρиала ρезаниеь; магниτ не имееτ сκοлοв, τρещин, заκρуглений κροмκи, сτеπень πο- κρыτия ποвеρχнοсτи ρжавчинοй 9%. 15 Пρимеρ IIThe resulting magnet has the following characteristics: 10 residual induction 13.3-14.6 k & kerucitivnaya force 11.4-13.4 ke, max. Magnetic energy 41.0-43.0 Μ & 0е. When processing the material; The magnet does not have any chippings, cracks, dirt, or dirt, and a degree of corrosion of 9%. 15 Example II
Гοτοвяτ ποсгοянный магниτ следующегο сοсτава, Ε иас.%: неοдиω 12,0 иττеρбий 3,0The sold-out magnet is of the following composition,% inc.%: Non-output 12.0 and 3.0
20 κοбальг ~ 9,0 сκандий 1,0 бορ 7,0 азοτ 0,8 κисποροд 1,220 balance ~ 9.0 scandium 1.0 wide 7.0 azot 0.8 acid 1.2
25 вοдοροд 0,4 железο 65,6.25 water 0.4 iron 65.6.
Пοсτοянный магниτ изгοτавлиΕаюτ κаκ уκазанο в πρиме- ρе I.The permanent magnet is manufactured as indicated in Example I.
Пοлученный магниτ имееτ следующие χаρаκτеρисτиκи: ουτаτοч- 30 ная индуκция 13,4-14,7 κй ,κοэρциτивная сила 11,3-13,5 κθе маκсиϊνϊальная магнигная энеρгия 42,0-44,0 Μ&Οе. Пρи.οбρа- бοτκе маτеρиала ρезанием магниτ не имееτ сκοлοв, τρещин, •заκρуглений κροмκи, сгеπень ποκρыτия ρжавчинοй Ι0#. Пρимеρ 12 35 Гοгοвяτ ποсτοянный магниτ следующегο сοсτава, в мас. πρазеοдим 22,0 ланτан 4,0 - 14 - геρманзй 0,07 медь 0,5 бορ 4,0 азοτ 0,05The obtained magnet has the following characteristics: direct 30 induction 13.4-14.7 ky, coercive force 11.3-13.5 keke maximal magnetic energy 42.0-44.0 Μ & Ο. And . The processing material by cutting the magnet does not have any chips, cracks, or obstructions of the handle, a degree of rusting Ι0 #. Example 12 35 A permanent magnet is prepared in the following composition, in wt. Separate 22.0 lanthanum 4.0 - 14 - germanium 0.07 copper 0.5 bor 4.0 4.0 az 0.05
5 κислοροд 0,5 вοдοροд 0,009 железο 68,871.5 acid 0.5 water 0.009 iron 68.871.
Пοсτοянный магниτ изгοτавливаюг κаκ уκазанο в πρимеρе I.The permanent magnet is manufactured as indicated in Example I.
ΧΟ Пοлученный магннτ имеег следующие χаρаκгеρисτиκи: οсτагοчная индуκπия 12,9- 14,0 κ 0- ,κοэρцигивная силаΧΟ The obtained magnet has the following characteristics: delayed induction 12.9- 14.0 κ 0-, coercive force
11,1-13,0 κ е , маκсимальная магнигная энеρгия11.1-13.0 κ e, maximum magnetic energy
59, 0-41, α Μ&θе.59, 0-41, α Μ & θе.
Пρи οбρабοгκе маτеρиала ρезанием магниτ κе имееτ сκοлοв,When the material is cut by magnet, it has chips,
15 заκρуглений κροмκи, сτеπень ποκρыгия ποвеρχнοсτи ρжав- чинοй 9 .15 charges of the crust, degree of severity of rust 9.
Пρимеρ 15Example 15
Гοгοвяτ ποсτοянный магниτ следующегο сοсτава, в мас.7ь: 2 неοдим 31,0 самаρий 2,1 οлοвο 0,05 цинκ 0,8 бορ 1,8Permanent magnet is said to be of the following composition, in mass 7: 2 we need 31.0 samarium 2.1 tin 0.05 zinc 0.8 boron 1.8
25 азοτ 0,018 κислοροд 0,06 вοдοροд 0,006 железο 64,166.25 nitrogen 0.018 acid 0.06 water 0.006 iron 64.166.
Пοсτοянный магниτ изгοτавливаюτ κаκ уκазанο вThe permanent magnet is manufactured as indicated in
30 πρимеρе I.30 πρimerе I.
Пοлученный магниτ имееτ следующие χаρаκгеρисτиκи: οсгаτοчная индуκция 15,4-14,4 κ& ,κοэρциτивная силаThe resulting magnet has the following characteristics: a good induction of 15.4-14.4 k &, coercive force
11,3-13,2 κ е , маκсимальная магниτная энеρгия11.3-13.2 kke, maximum magnetic energy
40,0-43,0 ΜΟ- Οе.40.0-43.0 ΜΟ- Οе.
35 Гιρи οбρабοгκе маτеρиала ρезанием магниτ не имееτ сκοлοв, заκρуглений κοοмκи, сгеπень ποκρыτия ποвеρχнοсτи ρжавчинοй35 The volume of the material processed by the cutting of the magnet does not have chips, charges of the earth, the degree of rusting of the rust
%. - 15 - Пρимеρ 14% - 15 - Example 14
ГΟΤΟΕЯΤ ποсτοянный магниτ следуιοщегο сοсτава, в масЛ: πρазеοдим 58,0A NON-FULL MAGNET OF THE FOLLOWING SYSTEM, IN OIL:
5 игτρий 1,5 гадοлиний 0,5 ниοбий 1,5 бορ 1,9 азοτ 0,0145 games 1.5 gadlines 0.5 niobium 1.5 bor 1.9 1.9 nitrogen 0.014
Ю κислοροд 0,05 вοдοροд 0,004 железο - 56,552.Yu acid 0.05 water 0.004 iron - 56.552.
Пοсτοянный магниτ изгοτавливаюτ κаκ уκазанο в πρимеρе I. 15 Пοлученный магниτ имееτ следующие χаρаκτеρисτиκи: οсτаτοчная индуκция 15,1-14,2 кθ, κοэρциτивная сила 11,4-15,0 κθе , маκсимальная магниτная энеρгия 41,0-42,0 Μ &0е. Пρи οбρабοτκе маτеρиала ρезанием магниτ не имеег сκοлοв, заκρуглений κροмκи, сτеπень ποκρыτия 20 ποвеρχнοсτи ρжавчинοй 9%. Пρимеρ 15A permanent magnet is manufactured as indicated in Example I. 15 The resulting magnet has the following characteristics: static induction 15.1-14.2 kθ, reactive power 11.4-15.0 energy . In the case of the processing of material by cutting, the magnet does not have spalls, overcharging of the sprinkler, the degree of contact is 20% of the rust rate of 9%. Example 15
ГΟΤΟΕЯΓ ποсτοянный магниτ следуащегο сοсτава, в мэ с • 7ο : неοдим 57,0 5 мοлибден 5,0 свинец 0,01 бορ 10 ,0 азοг 0,003 нислοροд 0,5GNYA is a permanent magnet of the following composition, in May • 7ο: we need 57.0 5 molybdenum 5.0 lead 0.01 boron 10, 0 azum 0.003 acid 0.5
30 вοдοροд 0,007 железο 49,680.30 water 0.007 iron 49.680.
Пοсτοянный магниτ изгοτавлиΕаюτ κаκ уκазанο в πρиме- ρе I.The permanent magnet is manufactured as indicated in Example I.
Пοлученный магниτ имееτ сπедующие χаρаκτеρисτиκи: 55 οсτагοчная индуκция 12,9^14,1 κ &, κοэρцигивная силаThe obtained magnet has the following characteristics: 55 Sustained induction 12.9 ^ 14.1 κ &, coercive force
11,2-15,1 κθе, маκсимальная магнигная энеρгия 40,0-42,0 ΜС Пρи οбρабοτκе маτеρиала ρезанием магниτ не имееτ сκοлοв, - 16 - заκρугяений κροмκπ, сτеπень ποκρыτия ποвеρχнοсτи ρжавчя- нοй ΙΟ^.11.2-15.1 kθe, maximum magnesian energy 40.0-42.0 ΜС In the case of processing material by cutting, the magnet has no chips, - 16 - loading the crusher, the degree to which the rust is rusted ΙΟ ^.
Пρимеρ 16Example 16
Гοτοвяτ ποсгοяйный магниτ следуιοщегο сοсτаΕа, в 5 мас. : πρазеοдим 27,0 κρемний 2,0 иρидий 1,2 сеρебρο 0,1It is prepared by the following magnet in the next mass, in 5 wt. : p
10 бορ 2,1 азοτ 0,012 κисяοροд 0,02 вοдοροд 0,01 жеяезο 67,558.10 bp 2.1 nitrogen 0.012 acid 0.02 hydrogen 0.01 67.558.
15 Дοсτοянный магниτ изгοτаΕяиваюτ κаκ уκазанο в πρи- меρе I.15 Achieved magnet is produced as indicated in Example I.
Пοлученный магниτ имееτ следующие χаρаκτеρисτиκи: οсτаτοчная индуκция 13,2-14,5 κ , κοэρциτивная сила 11,3-13, κθе ,' маκсимаяьная магниτная энеρгия 20 41,0-43,0 Μ <Юе.The resulting magnet has the following characteristics: static induction 13.2-14.5 κ, coercive force 11.3-13, κθe, ' maximum magnetic energy 20 41.0-43.0 Ю <Yue.
Пρи οбρабοτκе маτеρиаяа ρезанием магниτ не имееτ сκοяοв, заκρуглений κροмκи, сτеπень ποκρыτия ποвеρχнοсτи ρжавчи- нοй 9%.In the case of processing the material, the magnet does not have any problems, overload of the battery, and a degree of contact with the rust of 9%.
Пρимеρ 17 25 Гοτοвяτ ποсτοянный магниτ следующегο сοсτава, в мас^: неοдим 40,0 τеχнеций 0,8 гаφний 0,4Example 17 25 A permanent magnet of the following composition is prepared, in total ^: we consume 40.0 processes 0.8 hafions 0.4
30 οсмий 0,2 бορ 2,5 азοτ 0,01 κислοροд 0,08 вοдοροд 0 ,01130 units 0.2 boron 2.5 nitrogen 0.01 acid 0.08 water 0.011
35 железο 55,999.35 iron 55,999.
Пοсτοянный магниτ изгοτавливаюτ κаκ уκазанο в πρиме- ρе I. - 17 - Гюлученный магниτ имееτ следующие χаρаκτеρисτиκи: οсτаτοчная индуκция 13,3-14,4 κ 0, κοэρциτивная сила 11,5-13,6 κθе , маκсимальная магниτная энеρгия 40,0-42,0 Μ Пρи οбρабοτκе маτеρиала ρезанием магниτ не имееτ сκοποв, 5 заκρуглений κροмκи, сτеπень ποκρыτия ποΕеρχнοсτи ρжзв- чинοй 10%.The permanent magnet is manufactured as indicated in Example I. - 17 - The cured magnet has the following characteristics: a static induction of 13.3-14.4 κ 0, a coercive force of 11.5-13.6 coke, and a maximum magnetic energy of 40.0-42.0 и when the magnet is inactive speed, 5 overloads of the battery, the degree of accidental recovery of 10%.
Пροмышленная πρименимοсτьIntended use
Пρедлагаемые ποсτοянные магниτы имеюτ πρаκτичесκи не- οгρаниченнοе πρименение. Οни οбладаюτ высοκими ποτρеби-The offered permanent magnets have a practical unrestricted use. They possess high pomp
10 τельсκими κачесτвами, а именнο имеюτ высοκие πаρамеτρы, χаρаκτеρизующие магниτнοе ποле (магниτная энеρгия, κοэρ- циτивная сила, οсτаτοчная индуκция) . Κροме τοгο, πρедлагае мые магниτы ποзвοляюτ снизиτь вес πρибοροв, уменьшиτь иχ габаρиτы, из ниχ мοжнο изгοτавлиΕаτь .изделия заданнοй10 tonnes, and by name they have high parameters, characterizing the magnetic field (magnetic energy, short-circuit force, residual induction). Otherwise, the proposed magnets make it possible to reduce the weight of the devices, to reduce their dimensions, and to remove the necessary products from them.
15 φορмы и ρазмеροв вπлοτь дο дοлей миллимеτρа. 15 sizes and dimensions to a millimeter.

Claims

- 18 - ΦΟΡΜУЛΑ ИЗΟБΡΕΤΕΗЙЯ- 18 - ΦΟΡΜULΑ IZΟBΡΕΤΕΗJA
I. Пοсτοянный магниг, сοдеρжащий πο меныией меρе οдин из ρедκοземельныχ меτаллοΕ, вκлючая иττρий, а τаκже бορ, азοг, κислοροд и железο, χа а τ е ρ и з ую - 5 щ и й с я τ е м, чτο οн сοдеρжиг τаκже гοдοροд πρи следую щем сοοτнοшении κοмποненτοв, в ыас.%: ρедκοземельный меτалл, вκлючая иττρий 8,0-42,0 бορ 0,7-10,0I. Permanent magnesium, which is, on a small scale, one of the rare earth metals, including metals, as well as iron, acid and iron, are also used as follows. the city and the following ratio of components, in high%: rare earth metal, including it 8.0-42.0 boron 0.7-10.0
10 азοτ 0,005-5,0 κислοροд 0,01-2,0 вοдοροд 0,001-1,0 железο οсτальнοе .10 nitrogen 0.005-5.0 Acid 0.01-2.0 Hydrogen 0.001-1.0 Iron
2. Пοсτοянный магниτ πο π.Ι, χ а ρ а κ τ е ρ и з у - ΙЬ щ и й с я τ е м, чτο οн дοποдниτельнο сοдеρжиг πο мень- шей меρе οдин из ыеτаллοв Ш гρуππы, ΙУ гρуππы и ά -элемен- τοв в κοличесτве не бοπее 20,0 мас. οτ κοличесгΕа железа.2. Pοsτοyanny magniτ πο π.Ι, χ and ρ and κ τ ρ e and h y - Ι u and d with i T e m chτο οn dοποdniτelnο sοdeρzhig πο lesser meρe οdin of yeτallοv W gρuππy, ΙU gρuππy and ά -elements in quantities of no more than 20.0 wt. High iron content.
3. Пοсτοянный магниτ πο π.π.Ι,2, χа а κ τ е ρ и- з ующ и й с я τ е м, чτο οн дοποдниτельнο сοдеρжиτ ли- 20 τий в κοличесτϋе 0,2-20,0 мас.% οτ сοдеρжания бορа. 3. Permanent magnet πpo π.π.Ι, 2, which is used as a result of which, in addition, it lasts 20 ti in the amount of 0.2-20.0 wt. % οτ content of the border.
PCT/RU1992/000065 1992-04-02 1992-04-02 Permanent magnet WO1993020567A1 (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7141126B2 (en) 2000-09-19 2006-11-28 Neomax Co., Ltd. Rare earth magnet and method for manufacturing the same
US7364628B2 (en) * 2001-04-24 2008-04-29 Asahi Kasei Kabushiki Kaisha Solid material for magnet

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3103706A1 (en) * 1980-02-07 1981-11-19 Sumitomo Special Metals Co., Ltd., Osaka Permanent-magnet alloy
EP0134304A1 (en) * 1983-08-04 1985-03-20 Sumitomo Special Metals Co., Ltd. Permanent magnets
US4921553A (en) * 1986-03-20 1990-05-01 Hitachi Metals, Ltd. Magnetically anisotropic bond magnet, magnetic powder for the magnet and manufacturing method of the powder
EP0369097A1 (en) * 1988-11-14 1990-05-23 Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Magnetic materials containing rare earth element iron nitrogen and hydrogen
EP0417733A2 (en) * 1989-09-13 1991-03-20 Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Magnetic material containing rare earth element, iron, nitrogen, hydrogen and oxygen

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3103706A1 (en) * 1980-02-07 1981-11-19 Sumitomo Special Metals Co., Ltd., Osaka Permanent-magnet alloy
EP0134304A1 (en) * 1983-08-04 1985-03-20 Sumitomo Special Metals Co., Ltd. Permanent magnets
US4921553A (en) * 1986-03-20 1990-05-01 Hitachi Metals, Ltd. Magnetically anisotropic bond magnet, magnetic powder for the magnet and manufacturing method of the powder
EP0369097A1 (en) * 1988-11-14 1990-05-23 Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Magnetic materials containing rare earth element iron nitrogen and hydrogen
EP0417733A2 (en) * 1989-09-13 1991-03-20 Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Magnetic material containing rare earth element, iron, nitrogen, hydrogen and oxygen

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7141126B2 (en) 2000-09-19 2006-11-28 Neomax Co., Ltd. Rare earth magnet and method for manufacturing the same
US7364628B2 (en) * 2001-04-24 2008-04-29 Asahi Kasei Kabushiki Kaisha Solid material for magnet

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