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WO1993010827A1 - Procede d'application d'un revetement hydrophile sur des surfaces en metal - Google Patents

Procede d'application d'un revetement hydrophile sur des surfaces en metal Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1993010827A1
WO1993010827A1 PCT/DK1992/000354 DK9200354W WO9310827A1 WO 1993010827 A1 WO1993010827 A1 WO 1993010827A1 DK 9200354 W DK9200354 W DK 9200354W WO 9310827 A1 WO9310827 A1 WO 9310827A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
coating
solution
protein
process according
previous
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DK1992/000354
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Gianni Leoni
Original Assignee
William Cook Europe A/S
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by William Cook Europe A/S filed Critical William Cook Europe A/S
Publication of WO1993010827A1 publication Critical patent/WO1993010827A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L31/00—Materials for other surgical articles, e.g. stents, stent-grafts, shunts, surgical drapes, guide wires, materials for adhesion prevention, occluding devices, surgical gloves, tissue fixation devices
    • A61L31/04—Macromolecular materials
    • A61L31/043—Proteins; Polypeptides; Degradation products thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L29/00—Materials for catheters, medical tubing, cannulae, or endoscopes or for coating catheters
    • A61L29/04—Macromolecular materials
    • A61L29/044—Proteins; Polypeptides; Degradation products thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L29/00—Materials for catheters, medical tubing, cannulae, or endoscopes or for coating catheters
    • A61L29/08—Materials for coatings
    • A61L29/085—Macromolecular materials
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L31/00—Materials for other surgical articles, e.g. stents, stent-grafts, shunts, surgical drapes, guide wires, materials for adhesion prevention, occluding devices, surgical gloves, tissue fixation devices
    • A61L31/08—Materials for coatings
    • A61L31/10—Macromolecular materials

Definitions

  • the invention concerns a process for producing a hydrophilic, biocompatible, friction reducing protein- based coating on a metal surface and an exploring and guiding thread for medical use coated by the process.
  • the invention relates to the application of coatings on medical utensils, such as catheters and other instru ⁇ ments, but is especially developed for coating of exploring and guiding threads for medical purposes, termed "guide wires" in English medical terminology, and, therefore, the invention will henceforth be explained particularly in connection with application on such wires, even if the invention is not limited to that use.
  • the guide wires may have different designs, they typically have a spiral part, which wholly or partially encloses a core portion made of a noble metal.
  • the spiral portion is formed by winding up a fine thread of for instance stainless steel or a noble metal.
  • a typical standard guide wire has a length of, for instance, around 1 1/2 metres and with the last centimetres in the one end being especially flexible in order to facilitate the steering of the thread in the patient's vascular system.
  • Guide wires are sold in many different thicknesses being adapted to the various forms of application. These include both diagnostic and curative forms of application. In order to ensure that such a guide wire may be applied with a minimum of damage to the blood vessels etc. through which it is conducted inside the patient it should be compatible with the tissue which it contacts by the application. Moreover, in order to being able to manoeuvre the guide wire at all in the desired way through various vessels in human body the friction has to be low. When inserting catheters it is imperative that the wire has a low friction against the material of which the catheter
  • hydrophobic coatings which may typically be plastic-like polymeric and especially polymeric fluorocarbonhydrids such as teflon and hydro- philic coatings for which several different materials have been suggested.
  • Desirable qualities for coatings on guide wire and the like can be summed up in the following points: Ci) low friction in a wet environment
  • hydrophilic coatings for medical instruments may be those outlined in EP-A-0166998.
  • a hydrophilic surface is achieved by binding water-soluble polymers, which have been chosen among cellulose polymers, maleic acid anhydride polymers, polyacrylamide and water-soluble nylon or derivates thereof co-valently to functional groups, which have previously been provided on the surface of the substrate.
  • the method is alleged to be suited for a guide wire, but the resultant coating does not satisfy all the above requirements as there is a marked tendency for swelling causing an increase in volume and a decrease in strength. Consequently, there is a substantial risk that the swelled coating will be partly scraped off.
  • the scraped-off material consisting of cross-linked reaction products comprising functional groups from the pretreatment agent, such as aldehyde, epoxy, isocyanate and amino groups, will not immediately dissolve inside the body, but constitute a risk of thrombosis.
  • WO 89/09246 describes the manufacture of hydrophilic coatings having low friction when wet.
  • Several mutually very different substances are mentioned as components in the coating material consisting of a cross- linked hydrophilic polymer.
  • the layer is typically based on polyvinylpyrolidone, and the same applies to several of the coatings dealt with in the US patent publications mentioned in the introduction of the specification of said WO- appli ⁇ at on.
  • These known coatings seem not to be described as being suitable for application on, for instance, a guide wire, and they will hardly satisfy the above requirements (iv) and (v).
  • Methods are also known for protein coating of objects which are to be inserted or more permanently fitted in the human organism or are contacting a bloodstream by extra corporal treatments.
  • DE-A-2139455 describes how to make a collagenous layer on medical utensils of polymer materials. It is essential that a denaturation of the collagen is avoided and it is hardened by being exposed to radioactive treatment, cathode-rays or ultraviolet light. Simultaneously, it is taken care that the water content in the collagen constitutes more than 20 percentage by weight. According to the specification the treatment seems primarily to be intended for blood vessel prosthesis where the bio-compatibility certainly is important but where the other above mentioned requirements seem to play a minor role. Thus, nothing is mentioned regarding a property which is crucial for this invention, namely that in wet states a substantial friction reduction should take place.
  • the invention thus concerns a process for producing a hydrophilic, bio-compatible, friction reducing, protein- based coating on a metal surface of an object which is intended for being introduced into the human body, which process according to the invention is characterized in (a) an aqueous protein-containing solution is produced
  • the wet metal surface is dried in order to produce a protein-containing coating thereon, and (d) the coating is subjected to a thermal treatment using a temperature and a duration which in each case depend on the composition of the solution, and is determined so as to denaturate the protein in the coating to such an extent that reduction a solubility in water of the coating is reduced sufficiently to ensure a stable coating for the purpose in question.
  • protein is used as not. only comprising proper proteins, but also decomposition and hydrolysis products derived herefrom, such as polypeptides and oligopeptides including protein derivates.
  • step (a) When performing the process it is prefered at step (a) to boil the aqueous solution to partial hydrolyzation of the protein, preferably from 1 to 10 hours, more prefered from 2 to 6 hours.
  • the invention is not bound by any special theory as to the resultant chemical reactions, but it is assumed that this ebullition causes a hydrolyzation and a shortening of the peptide chains so that a great number of reactive groups including SH groups are available for the creation of the interconnecting structure at the final thermal treatment in step (d).
  • collagen As protein for making the protein-containing solution protease-free gelatin, collagen, fribinogen, albumin, glubulin, keratin or mixtures thereof are preferably used.
  • step (a) an alkaline or alkaline earth metal salt acceptable to the human body is added, in a quantity of 0,1 to 2 weight-% calculated on the dry solids of the solution.
  • Sodium chloride is primarily used as an alkaline metal or alkaline earth metal salt.
  • one or several water soluble polysa ⁇ caharides especially caragenan or agar-agar may be added in connection with or after preparing the protein solution.
  • the thermal treatment in step (d) depends as already mentioned on the composition of the solution applied, in other words on the chosen protein and the various additives. However, the treatment is undertaken most expediently at a temperature between 100 and 260°C, preferably between 140 and 200°C and most preferably between 160 and 180°C in a period of time lasting from half an hour to 10 hours, preferably from 1 to 4 hours.
  • the metal surface to be coated has to be cleaned and degreased as conventional, and the aqueous protein-containing solution may be applied in any suitable way, for instance by immersion.
  • the thus wetted metal surface is then dried appropriately in a stream of hot air, whereupon the coated or partially coated object is placed in an oven, optionally after having been placed in a protective tube or the like, to performe the thermal treatment.
  • the method does not call for any big investment regarding necessary equipment and relatively cheap starting materials are needed, and in these respects the method is superior to most of the above mentioned known methods.
  • the method is especially suited for the coating of guide wires, i.e. exploring and guiding threads for medical use and consequently the invention also deals with an exploring or guiding thread for medical use which is characteristic in that it is wholly or partially coated by the method according to the invention.
  • the method of the invention is further illustrated below by means of the following examples:
  • Guide wires having a spiral exterior of stainless steel were freed of solid particles in an ultra-sound bath and purified of lubricants by washing with sulfo soap and
  • the coating solution was prepared from the following components: 10 g gelatin (type A prepared from pig skin, protease-free electrophoresis quality) 0.10 g tannin, analysis quality 0.056 g sodium chloride, analysis quality 25 ml ice cold non-pyrogenic water
  • the components were mixed into a mass which was transferred to a flask and placed in a microwave oven. After having been heated to such an extent that a liquid phase was formed the flask was provided with a water cooled reflux and placed on a thermostatic hotplate. Then it was boiling carefully for 4 hours.
  • the compound thereby achieved was filtered through a 0.45 um filter and the ensuing clear yellow liquid was stored in a refrigerator at 5°C.
  • the application on the guide wire was done by immersion, whereupon the coating was dried and the guide wire was placed in an oven at 170°C +/- 3°C for two hours. Then it was taken out and put in a protective glas tube.
  • a hose made of polyurethane, with a degree of hardness of 80 shore A, with an inner diameter of 2.5 mm and an outer diameter of 3.3 mm was used as testing equipment at these examinations.
  • the hose was wound up on a reel having a diameter of 10 cm and was fixed to it in such a way that a coil was formed.
  • This spirally coiled hose was filled with 37°C warm water in a bath and closed in one end and any air bubbles were removed.
  • the level of friction in the guide wires to be tested was determined by introducing the guide wire in question into the hose and measuring how far the guide wire could be introduced while exerting a given pushing power.
  • Tests were made with commercially available guide wires which were coated with teflon, or with guide wires without any coating, with guide wires produced pursuant to example 1 and with guide wires produced according to example 2. The ensuing results appear on table 1 below where each number represents an average of test?, made with six different pieces. The statistical uncertainty of the tests equals a variation in the introduction length of +/- 2 cm.
  • introduction 2. introduction 3. introduction force (N) force (N) force (N)
  • Coated ace.to example 1 125 cm (0.08) 126 cm (0.08) 124 cm (0.32)
  • Coated ace.to example 2 95 cm (0.08) 98 cm (0.08) It appears from table 1 that the wires coated according to the invention have a much greater sliding ability than teflon-coated wires and wires having free metal surface, and this corresponds with the method described in the invention.
  • the thickness of the coating which was applied according to example 1 equals less than 9 mg per m guide wire having an outer diameter of 0.9 mm and less than 10 mg per m for a wire having an outer diameter of 0.96 mm.
  • Table 2 shows partly that the weight increase by the 7 treatments is very similar as the differences fall within the discrepancy level of the test results, partly that an extension of the thermal treatment does not lead to additional reactions resulting in the formation of volatile substances.
  • each guide wire was put into a 150 cm long glass tube having an inner diameter of 11 mm filled with 138 ml non-pyrogenic water and placed horizontally in an oven at a temperature of 37°C. The duration of the water immersion varied as it appears from table 3 below. Afterwards the wires were taken out and dried at 105°C for an hour. Then they were weighed in order to estimate the weight loss ⁇ w.
  • a moderate dissolution of the coating during the use of the guide wire is not regarded to be unfortunate as the liberated substances will be amino acids or lower polypeptides which are harmless to the human body. On the contrary a moderate solution from the surface of the coating may prevent that the coated wire gets caught in a catheter or the like when it is used.
  • a foil having a thickness of about 10 ⁇ m of the coating material was made by applying an aqueous dilution of a protein solution equivalent to the one which was made in Example 1 on a teflon surface, liberating the layer formed and heat- treating it for two hours at 170°C.
  • a sample of the thus produced foil was cut off and left in non-pyrogenic water at 37°C for 1 hour and then compared to the rest of the foil which had not been kept in the water.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)

Abstract

On recouvre des ustensiles médicaux, notamment des fils d'exploration ou de guidage, appelés fils de guidage, d'un revêtement hydrophile, biocompatible, réduisant les frottement, à base de protéine, par application d'une solution contenant des protéines, laquelle a été prétraitée par ébullition et à laquelle on a ajouté des substances auxiliaires, de préférence du tanin et du chlorure de sodium. Ensuite, on soumet le revêtement à un traitement thermique afin de dénaturer partiellement les protéines, de manière à obtenir un mince revêtement ayant une bonne fixation, lequel ne risque pas de blesser le patient au cas où il serait râclé lors de l'utilisation des ustensiles.
PCT/DK1992/000354 1991-11-29 1992-11-27 Procede d'application d'un revetement hydrophile sur des surfaces en metal WO1993010827A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DK1940/91 1991-11-29
DK194091A DK194091D0 (da) 1991-11-29 1991-11-29 Hydrofil og biokompatibel coatede overflader

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1993010827A1 true WO1993010827A1 (fr) 1993-06-10

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DK1992/000354 WO1993010827A1 (fr) 1991-11-29 1992-11-27 Procede d'application d'un revetement hydrophile sur des surfaces en metal

Country Status (3)

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AU (1) AU3156293A (fr)
DK (1) DK194091D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO1993010827A1 (fr)

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998029148A1 (fr) * 1996-12-31 1998-07-09 Scimed Life Systems, Inc. Dispositifs multicouches absorbant du liquide et deformables
US5840046A (en) * 1996-06-21 1998-11-24 Medtronic, Inc. Guidewire having hydrophilic coating
EP0877580A4 (fr) * 1996-11-01 2002-06-12 Medtronic Minimed Inc Pompe servant diffuser un produit medicamenteux et comportant un revetement de surface contre les depots proteines
US6914126B2 (en) 2002-04-10 2005-07-05 Keraplast Technologies, Ltd. Methods for producing, films comprising, and methods for using heterogenous crosslinked protein networks
US6989437B2 (en) 2002-04-10 2006-01-24 Keraplast Technologies, Ltd. Methods for producing, films comprising, and methods for using heterogeneous crosslinked protein networks
US7001988B2 (en) 2001-09-25 2006-02-21 Keraplast Technologies, Ltd. Methods for controlling peptide solubility, chemically modified peptides, and stable solvent systems for producing same
US7001987B2 (en) 2002-04-22 2006-02-21 Keraplast Technologies, Ltd. Hydrogel with controllable mechanical, chemical, and biological properties and method for making same
US8258093B2 (en) 2006-02-17 2012-09-04 Wake Forest University Health Sciences Wound healing compositions containing keratin biomaterials
US8299013B2 (en) 2006-02-17 2012-10-30 Wake Forest University Health Sciences Clotting and healing compositions containing keratin biomaterials
US8545893B2 (en) 2010-03-08 2013-10-01 Wake Forest University Health Sciences Keratin biomaterials for treatment of ischemia
US8637231B2 (en) 2004-08-17 2014-01-28 Wake Forest University Health Sciences Method for increasing the volume of a blood substitute with an expander comprising basic alpha keratose
US8920827B2 (en) 2005-10-21 2014-12-30 Wake Forest University Health Sciences Keratin bioceramic compositions
US8968764B2 (en) 2006-02-10 2015-03-03 Wake Forest University Health Sciences Nerve regeneration employing keratin biomaterials
US9068162B2 (en) 2007-08-17 2015-06-30 Wake Forest University Health Sciences Keratin biomaterials for cell culture and methods of use
US9220754B2 (en) 2010-11-17 2015-12-29 Wake Forest University Health Sciences Keratin compositions for treatment of bone deficiency or injury
EP3064245A1 (fr) 2015-03-06 2016-09-07 Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg Fil de guidage destine a guider un objet vers un emplacement cible dans une structure creuse d'un corps humain ou d'un animal
US10434213B2 (en) 2010-03-05 2019-10-08 Wake Forest University Health Sciences Controlled delivery system
DE202015010011U1 (de) 2015-03-06 2023-02-24 Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg, Körperschaft des öffentlichen Rechts Führungsdraht zum Führen eines Gegenstandes zu einem Zielort in einer Hohlstruktur eines menschlichen oder tierischen Körpers

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109965922B (zh) * 2017-12-27 2024-08-06 微创龙脉医疗科技(嘉兴)有限公司 医用介入导丝

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1979000638A1 (fr) * 1978-02-17 1979-09-06 Thin Conductive Coating Oester Methode de production de surfaces permettant d'eviter la formation de thrombus
WO1985001507A1 (fr) * 1983-10-04 1985-04-11 Alfa-Laval Agri International Ab Surfaces repoussant les bacteries
EP0214392A1 (fr) * 1985-07-02 1987-03-18 Omni Medical Limited Dispositif médical, notamment filtre, canule, cathéter ou implant
EP0366564A2 (fr) * 1988-10-28 1990-05-02 Terumo Kabushiki Kaisha Matériau médical antithrombotique, organe interne artificiel et méthode de production d'un matériau médical antithrombotique

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1979000638A1 (fr) * 1978-02-17 1979-09-06 Thin Conductive Coating Oester Methode de production de surfaces permettant d'eviter la formation de thrombus
WO1985001507A1 (fr) * 1983-10-04 1985-04-11 Alfa-Laval Agri International Ab Surfaces repoussant les bacteries
EP0214392A1 (fr) * 1985-07-02 1987-03-18 Omni Medical Limited Dispositif médical, notamment filtre, canule, cathéter ou implant
EP0366564A2 (fr) * 1988-10-28 1990-05-02 Terumo Kabushiki Kaisha Matériau médical antithrombotique, organe interne artificiel et méthode de production d'un matériau médical antithrombotique

Cited By (26)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5840046A (en) * 1996-06-21 1998-11-24 Medtronic, Inc. Guidewire having hydrophilic coating
US6042876A (en) * 1996-06-21 2000-03-28 Medtronic, Inc. Guidewire having hydrophilic coating
EP0877580A4 (fr) * 1996-11-01 2002-06-12 Medtronic Minimed Inc Pompe servant diffuser un produit medicamenteux et comportant un revetement de surface contre les depots proteines
WO1998029148A1 (fr) * 1996-12-31 1998-07-09 Scimed Life Systems, Inc. Dispositifs multicouches absorbant du liquide et deformables
US6517575B1 (en) 1996-12-31 2003-02-11 Scimed Life Systems, Inc. Multilayer liquid absorption and deformation devices
US7001988B2 (en) 2001-09-25 2006-02-21 Keraplast Technologies, Ltd. Methods for controlling peptide solubility, chemically modified peptides, and stable solvent systems for producing same
US6914126B2 (en) 2002-04-10 2005-07-05 Keraplast Technologies, Ltd. Methods for producing, films comprising, and methods for using heterogenous crosslinked protein networks
US6989437B2 (en) 2002-04-10 2006-01-24 Keraplast Technologies, Ltd. Methods for producing, films comprising, and methods for using heterogeneous crosslinked protein networks
US7001987B2 (en) 2002-04-22 2006-02-21 Keraplast Technologies, Ltd. Hydrogel with controllable mechanical, chemical, and biological properties and method for making same
US8637231B2 (en) 2004-08-17 2014-01-28 Wake Forest University Health Sciences Method for increasing the volume of a blood substitute with an expander comprising basic alpha keratose
US11173233B2 (en) 2005-10-21 2021-11-16 Wake Forest University Health Sciences Keratin bioceramic compositions
US8920827B2 (en) 2005-10-21 2014-12-30 Wake Forest University Health Sciences Keratin bioceramic compositions
US8968764B2 (en) 2006-02-10 2015-03-03 Wake Forest University Health Sciences Nerve regeneration employing keratin biomaterials
US9968706B2 (en) 2006-02-10 2018-05-15 Wake Forest University Health Sciences Nerve regeneration employing keratin biomaterials
US8299013B2 (en) 2006-02-17 2012-10-30 Wake Forest University Health Sciences Clotting and healing compositions containing keratin biomaterials
US8273702B2 (en) 2006-02-17 2012-09-25 Wake Forest University Health Sciences Wound healing compositions containing keratin biomaterials
US9149566B2 (en) 2006-02-17 2015-10-06 Wake Forest University Health Sciences Coatings and biomedical implants formed from keratin biomaterials
US8258093B2 (en) 2006-02-17 2012-09-04 Wake Forest University Health Sciences Wound healing compositions containing keratin biomaterials
US10821211B2 (en) 2006-02-17 2020-11-03 Wake Forest University Health Sciences Coatings and biomedical implants formed from keratin biomaterials
US9068162B2 (en) 2007-08-17 2015-06-30 Wake Forest University Health Sciences Keratin biomaterials for cell culture and methods of use
US10434213B2 (en) 2010-03-05 2019-10-08 Wake Forest University Health Sciences Controlled delivery system
US8545893B2 (en) 2010-03-08 2013-10-01 Wake Forest University Health Sciences Keratin biomaterials for treatment of ischemia
US9220754B2 (en) 2010-11-17 2015-12-29 Wake Forest University Health Sciences Keratin compositions for treatment of bone deficiency or injury
DE102015204065A1 (de) 2015-03-06 2016-09-08 Otto-Von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg Führungsdraht zum Führen eines Gegenstandes zu einem Zielort in einer Hohlstruktur eines menschlichen oder tierischen Körpers
EP3064245A1 (fr) 2015-03-06 2016-09-07 Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg Fil de guidage destine a guider un objet vers un emplacement cible dans une structure creuse d'un corps humain ou d'un animal
DE202015010011U1 (de) 2015-03-06 2023-02-24 Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg, Körperschaft des öffentlichen Rechts Führungsdraht zum Führen eines Gegenstandes zu einem Zielort in einer Hohlstruktur eines menschlichen oder tierischen Körpers

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU3156293A (en) 1993-06-28
DK194091D0 (da) 1991-11-29

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