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WO1993009271A1 - Compositions de type azeotropique comprenant 1,1-dichloro-1-fluorethane; alcane contenant 6 atomes de carbone; et eventuellement alcanol et nitromethane - Google Patents

Compositions de type azeotropique comprenant 1,1-dichloro-1-fluorethane; alcane contenant 6 atomes de carbone; et eventuellement alcanol et nitromethane Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1993009271A1
WO1993009271A1 PCT/US1992/009623 US9209623W WO9309271A1 WO 1993009271 A1 WO1993009271 A1 WO 1993009271A1 US 9209623 W US9209623 W US 9209623W WO 9309271 A1 WO9309271 A1 WO 9309271A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
weight percent
compositions
azeotrope
methylpentane
dimethylbutane
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1992/009623
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English (en)
Inventor
Ellen Louise Swan
Peter Brian Logsdon
Rajat Subhra Basu
Original Assignee
Allied-Signal Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Allied-Signal Inc. filed Critical Allied-Signal Inc.
Publication of WO1993009271A1 publication Critical patent/WO1993009271A1/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
    • C11D7/50—Solvents
    • C11D7/5036—Azeotropic mixtures containing halogenated solvents
    • C11D7/5068—Mixtures of halogenated and non-halogenated solvents
    • C11D7/509—Mixtures of hydrocarbons and oxygen-containing solvents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
    • C11D7/50—Solvents
    • C11D7/5036—Azeotropic mixtures containing halogenated solvents
    • C11D7/5068—Mixtures of halogenated and non-halogenated solvents
    • C11D7/5072—Mixtures of only hydrocarbons
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
    • C23G5/00—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents
    • C23G5/02—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents using organic solvents
    • C23G5/028—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents using organic solvents containing halogenated hydrocarbons
    • C23G5/02809—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents using organic solvents containing halogenated hydrocarbons containing chlorine and fluorine
    • C23G5/02825—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents using organic solvents containing halogenated hydrocarbons containing chlorine and fluorine containing hydrogen
    • C23G5/02829—Ethanes
    • C23G5/02832—C2H3Cl2F

Definitions

  • This invention relates to azeotrope-li e mixtures of 1 ,1-dichloro- 1-fluoroethane; alkane having 6 carbon atoms; and optionally alkanol and nitromethane. These mixtures are useful in a 15 variety of vapor degreasing, cold cleaning and solvent cleaning applications including defluxing and dry cleaning.
  • Vapor degreasing and solvent cleaning with fluorocarbon based solvents have found widespread use in industry for the degreasing and otherwise cleaning of solid surfaces, especially intricate parts and difficult to remove soils.
  • vapor degreasing or solvent cleaning consists of exposing a room temperature object to be cleaned to the vapors of a boiling solvent. Vapors condensing on the object provide clean distilled solvent to wash away grease or other contamination. 30 Final evaporation of solvent from the object leaves behind no residue as would be the case where the object is simply washed in liquid solvent.
  • the conventional operation of a vapor degreaser consists of immersing the part to be cleaned in a sump of boiling solvent which removes the bulk of the soil, thereafter immersing the part in a sump containing freshly distilled solvent near room temperature, and finally exposing the part to solvent vapors over the boiling sump which condense on the cleaned part.
  • the part can also be sprayed with distilled solvent before final rinsing.
  • Vapor degreasers suitable in the above-described operations are well known in the art.
  • Sherliker et al. in U.S. Patent 3,085,918 disclose such suitable vapor degreasers comprising a boiling sump, a clean sump, a water separator, and other ancillary equipment.
  • Cold cleaning is another application where a number of solvents are used.
  • the soiled part is either immersed in the fluid or wiped with rags or similar objects soaked in solvents and allowed to air dry.
  • Fluorocarbon solvents such as trichlorotrifluoroethane
  • Trichlorotrifluoroethane has been found to have satisfactory solvent power for greases, oils, waxes and the like. It has therefore found widespread use for cleaning electric motors, compressors, heavy metal parts, delicate precision metal parts, printed circuit boards, gyroscopes, guidance systems, aerospace and missile hardware, aluminum parts and the like.
  • Azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions are desired because they do not fractionate upon boiling. This behavior is desirable because in the previously described vapor degreasing equipment with which these solvents are employed, redistilled material is generated for final rinse-cleaning. Thus, the vapor degreasing system acts as a still. Unless the solvent composition exhibits a constant boiling point, i.e., is azeotrope-like, fractionation will occur and undesirable solvent distribution may act to upset the cleaning and safety of processing.
  • azeotrope or azeotrope-like compositions including the desired fluorocarbon components such as trichlorotrifluoroethane which include components which contribute additionally desired characteristics, such as polar functionality, increased solvency power, and stabilizers.
  • hydrochlorofiuorocarbons such as 1,1-dichIoro-1-f luoroethane (known in the art as HCFC-1 1b)
  • HCFC-1 1b 1,1-dichIoro-1-f luoroethane
  • CFC-113 chlorofiuorocarbons
  • HCFC-141b is known to be useful as a solvent.
  • novel mixtures have been discovered comprising 1,1-dichloro- 1-fluoroethane and alkane having 6 carbon atoms.
  • novel azeotrope-like or constant-boiling compositions have been discovered comprising 1,1-dichloro-1- f luoroethane and alkane having 6 carbon atoms.
  • the alkane having 6 carbon atoms is selected from the group consisting of 2- methylpentane; 3-methylpentane; 2,2-dimethylbutane; 2,3- dimethylbutane; isohexane, and mixtures thereof.
  • the novel azeotrope-like compositions comprises effective amounts of 1,1-dichloro- 1-fluoroethane and alkane having 6 varbon atoms.
  • effective amounts means the amount of each component which upon combination with the other component, results in the formation of the present azeotrope-like composition.
  • Our solution to the need in the art for substitutes for chiorofluorocarbon solvents is mixtures comprising 1 ,1-dichloro- 1-fluoroethane; alkane having 6 carbon atoms; alkanol; and optionally nitromethane.
  • novel azeotrope-like or constant-boiling compositions comprising 1 ,1-dichloro- 1-fluoroethane; alkane having 6 carbon atoms; alkanol; and optionally nitromethane.
  • the alkane having 6 carbon atoms is selected from the group consisting of n-hexane; 2-methylpentane; 3-methylpentane; 2,2-dimethylbutane; 2,3-dimethylbutane; commercial grade isohexane; and mixtures thereof.
  • the alkanol is selected from the group consisting of methanol and ethanol.
  • the novel azeotrope-like compositions comprise effective amounts of 1 ,1-dichloro- 1-fluoroethane; alkane having 6 carbon atoms; alkanol; and optionally nitromethane.
  • effective amounts means the amount of each component which upon combination with the other component, results in the formation of the present azeotrope-like composition.
  • the azeotrope-like compositions comprise from about 87 to about 99.8 weight percent of 1 ,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane, from about 0.1 to about 8 weight percent of alkane having 6 carbon atoms selected from the group consisting of 2-methylpentane, 3-methylpentane, 2,2-dimethylbutane, 2,3-dimethylbutane, commercial grade isohexane wherein the commercial grade isohexane comprises about 35 to about 75 weight percent 2-methylpentane, about 10 to about 40 weight percent 3-methylpentane, about 7 to about 30 weight percent 2,3-dimethylbutane, about 7 to about 30 weight percent 2,2-dimethylbutane, and about 0.1 to about 10 weight percent n-hexane, and mixtures thereof, from about 0.1 to about 5 weight percent of methanol or ethanol, and from 0 to about 1 weight percent nitromethane wherein said compositions with said 2- methylpentane and said methanol boil
  • the present azeotrope-like compositions are advantageous for the following reasons.
  • the 1,1-dichloro- 1-fluoroethane component is a negligible contributor to ozone depletion and has good solvent properties.
  • the alkane and alkanol components also have good solvent properties. Thus, when these components are combined in effective amounts, an efficient azeotrope-like solvent results.
  • azeotrope-like compositions are in Table III below:
  • azeotrope-like compositions are in Table IV below:
  • the preferred isohexane based azeotrope-like compositions are in Table V below.
  • the isohexane comprises about 35 to about 75 weight percent 2-methylpentane, about 10 to about 40 weight percent 3-methylpentane, about 7 to about 30 weight percent 2,3- dimethylbutane, about 7 to about 30 weight percent 2,2- dimethylbutane, and about 0.1 to about 10 weight percent n-hexane:
  • azeotrope-like compositions are in Table IX below:
  • compositions within the indicated ranges, as well as certain compositions outside the indicated ranges, are azeotrope-like, as defined more particularly below.
  • compositions with the indicated ranges, as well as certain compositions outside the indicated ranges are azeotrope-like, as defined more particularly below.
  • azeotrope-like compositions are on the whole nonflammable liquids, i.e. exhibit no flash point when tested by the Tag Open Cup test method - ASTM D 1310-86 and Tag Closed Cup Test Method - ASTM D 56-82.
  • the term "azeotrope-like composition” as used herein is intended to mean that the composition behaves like an azeotrope, i.e. has constant-boiling characteristics or a tendency not to fractionate upon boiling or evaporation.
  • the composition of the vapor formed during boiling or evaporation is identical or substantially identical to the original liquid composition.
  • the liquid composition if it changes at all, changes only to a minimal or negligible extent. This is to be contrasted with non-azeotrope-like compositions in which during boiling or evaporation, the liquid composition changes to a substantial degree.
  • the boiling point of the azeotrope-like composition will vary with the pressure.
  • azeotrope-like compositions of the invention are useful as solvents in a variety of vapor degreasing, cold cleaning and solvent cleaning applications including defluxing and dry cleaning.
  • the azeotrope-like compositions of the invention may be used to dissolve contaminants or remove contaminants from the surface of a substrate by treating the surface with the compositions in any manner well known to the art such as by dipping or spraying or use of conventional degreasing apparatus wherein the contaminants are substantially dissolved or removed.
  • the 1,1-dichloro-1-f luoroethane; n-hexane; 2-methylpentane; 3-methylpentane; 2,2-dimethylbutane; 2,3-dimethylbutane; isohexane; methanol; and ethanol components of the novel solvent azeotrope-like compositions ofthe invention are known materials and are commerciallyavailable.
  • Commercial grade isohexane is a mixture of the following isomers in weight percent: about48% 2-methylpentane; about 19% 3-methylpentane; about 17% 2,3-dimethylbutane; about 12% 2,2-dimethylbutane; about 3% n-hexane; and less than about 1% other isomers.
  • the azeotrope-like compositions of the invention may be used to form polyurethane and polyisocyanurate foams by reacting and foaming a mixture of ingredients which will react to form polyurethane and polyisocyanurate foams in the presence of a bloving agent comprising the azeotrope-like compositions.
  • compositions of the invention may be used as auxiliary or primary bloving agents for the preparation of polyurethane foams.
  • Polyur ⁇ than ⁇ are polymers of polyols and isocyanates.
  • a vide variety of polyols may be employed as disclosed in the prior art, such as polyether polyols and polyester polyols.
  • Illustrative suitable polyether polyols are polyoxypropylene diols having a molecular veight of between about 1,500 and 2,500, glyc ⁇ rol based polyoxypropylene triol ⁇ having a molecular veight of between about 1,000 and 3,000, trim ⁇ thylol-propan ⁇ -bas ⁇ d triols having a hydroxyl number of about 390, sorbitol-ba ⁇ ed hexol having a hydroxyl number of about 490, and sucrose-based octols having a hydroxyl number of about 410.
  • polyester polyols are the reaction products of polyfunctional organic carboxylic acids such as succinic acid, adipic acid, phthalic acid and terephthalic acid with monomeric polyhydric alcohols such as glyc ⁇ rol, ethylene glycol, trimethylol propane, and the like.
  • polyfunctional organic carboxylic acids such as succinic acid, adipic acid, phthalic acid and terephthalic acid
  • monomeric polyhydric alcohols such as glyc ⁇ rol, ethylene glycol, trimethylol propane, and the like.
  • isocyanates may be employed as disclosed in the prior art.
  • Illustrative suitable isocyanates are the aliphatic isocyanates such as hexamethylene diisocyanate, aromatic isocyanates such as toluene diisocyanate (TDI) , preferably the isomeric mixture containing about 80 weight percent of the 2,4 isomer and 20 weight percent of the 2,6 isomer, crude TDI, crude diphenyl ethane diisocyanate and polymethyl- polyphenyl isocyanate.
  • TDI toluene diisocyanate
  • blowing agent to be employed will depend on whether it is to be used as a primary or auxiliary blowing agent and the nature of the foams desired, i.e, whether flexible or rigid foam is desired.
  • blowing agent employed can be readily determined by persons of ordinary skill in the art. Generally, about 1 to about 15 weight percent based on the polyurethane forming reaction mixture is employed and preferably, between about 5 to about 10 weight percent.
  • the ur ⁇ than ⁇ -fo ⁇ aing reaction requires a catalyst.
  • Any of the well known urethane-forming catalysts may be employed.
  • Illustrative organic catalysts are the amino compounds such as triethylenediamine N,N,N f ,N , -tetramethylethylenediamine, dimethylethanolamine, triethylamine and N-ethyl- orpholine.
  • Inorganic compounds such as the non-basic heavy metal compounds as illustrated by dibutyl tin dilaurate, stannous octoate and manganese acetyl acetonate may also be used as catalysts.
  • the amount of catalyst present in the foam forming mixture ranges from about 0.05 to about 2 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the polyol component.
  • additives such as silicone oils; cross-linking agents such as 1,4-butanediol, glycerol, triethanola ine methylenedianiline; plasticizers, such as tricresyl phosphate and dioctyl phthalate; antioxidants; flame retardants; coloring material; fillers; and antiscorch agents.
  • Polyurethane foams are prepared according to the invention by reacting and foaming a mixture of ingredients which will react to form the foams in the presence of a blowing agent according to the invention.
  • the foam forming ingredients are blended, allowed to foam, and are then cured to a finished product.
  • the foaming and curing reactions, and conditions therefor are well-known in the art and do not form a part of this invention. Such are more fully described in the prior art relating to the manufacture of polyurethane foams.
  • the polyether may first be converted to a polyether-polyisocyanate prepolymer by reaction in one or more stages with an excess amount of isocyanate at temperatures from about 75 ⁇ -125*C.
  • EXAMPLE 1 A icroebulliometer which consisted of a 15 milliliter round bottom double neck flask containing a magnetic stirbar and heated with an electrical heating 0 mantel was used. Approximately three milliliters of the 1,1-dichloro-l-fluoroethane was charged to the ebulliometer and brought to a reflux. The temperature of the boiling liquid was measured by a platinum resistance thermometer to ⁇ 0.01°C and barometric pressure was measured. An approximate correction to the boiling point was done to obtain the boiling point at 760 mm Hg.
  • Table XII shows the boiling point measurements, corrected to 760 mm Hg (101 kPa) , for various mixtures of 1,1-dichloro-l-fluoroethane and 2- methylpentane.
  • Example was repeated for Example 2 except that -methylpentane was used instead of 2-methylpentane.
  • Example 1 was repeated for Example3 except that 2,2-dimethylbutane was used instead 2-methylpentane.
  • Example l is repeated for Example4 except that 2,3-dimethylbutane is used instead of 2-methylpentane.
  • Example 1 is repeated for Example 5 except that isohexane is used instead of 2-methylpentane.
  • Example 1-5 Each of Example 1-5 is repeated except that nitromethane is also present at 1 weight percent.
  • Performance studies are conducted wherein metal coupons are cleaned using the present azeotrope-like compositions as solvents.
  • the metal coupons are soiled with various types of oils and heated to 93°C so as to partially simulate the temperature attained while machining and grinding in the presence of these oils.
  • the metal coupons thus treated are degreased in a three-sump vapor phase degreaser machine.
  • condenser coils around the lip of the machine are used to condense the solvent vapor which is then collected in a sump.
  • the condensate overflows into cascading sumps and eventually goes into the boiling sump.
  • the metal coupons are held in the solvent vapor and then vapor rinsed for a period of 15 seconds to 2 minutes depending upon the oils selected.
  • the azeotrope-like compositions of Examples through 10 are used as the solvents. Cleanliness testing of coupons are done by measurement of the weight change of the coupons using an analytical balance to determine the total residual materials left after cleaning.
  • Free-rise rigid polyurethane foam is prepared from the formulations specified in Table XVusing Martin Sweets Co. Modern Module III urethane foam machine at a delivery rate of 15 pounds per minute by using the azeotrope-like compositions of Examples 1 through 10 as blowing agents.
  • This polyurethane formulation is one example of a pour-in-place rigid polyurethane formulation which might be used as an appliance insulation.
  • the polyol is an aromatic amine polyol which is available as P-824* from BASF Corporation.
  • the surfactant is Tegostab «B-8404 available from Goldschmidt Chemical Company.
  • the catalyst is Polycat- 8* which is H / H-dimethylcyclohexylamine f r ⁇ m Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.
  • the polyisocyanate is polymethylene polyphenylisocyanate which is available as Lupranate M20S* (1.29 index) from BASF Corporation.
  • Polyurethane modified polyisocyanurate foam is prepared from the formulations specified in Table X I using Martin Sweets Co. Modern Module III urethane foam machine at a delivery rate of 15 pounds per minute by using the azeotrope-like compositions of Examples 1 through 10 as blowing agents.
  • This polyurethane modified polyisocyanurate formulation is one example of formulation which might be used as a rigid laminated boardstock.
  • the polyol is a polyester polyol which is available as Stepanpol PS-2502A* from Stepan Company.
  • the surfactant is Tegostab »B-8404 available from Goldschmidt Chemical Company.
  • the potassium octoate is DABCO* K-15 available from Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.
  • the amine catalyst is DABCO* TMR-30 available from Air* roducts and Chemicals, Inc.
  • the polyisocyanate is polymethylene polyphenylisocyanate which is available as Lupranate M20S* (1.29 index) from BASF Corporation. EXAMPLES 41 -42
  • a 5-plate Oldershaw distillation column with a cold water condensed automatic liquid dividing head was used for these examples.
  • the distillation column was charged with HCFC-141b, methanol (Example 41) or ethanol (Example 42), and 2-methylpentane in the amounts indicated in Table XVII below for the starting material.
  • Each composition was heated under total reflux for about an hour to ensure equilibration.
  • a reflux ratio of 3:1 was employed for this particular distillation.
  • Approximately 50 percent of the original charges were collected in four similar-sized overhead fractions.
  • the compositions of these fractions were analyzed using gas chromatograph ⁇ . The averages of the distillate fractions and the overhead temperatures are quite constant within the uncertainty associated with determining the compositions, indicating that the mixtures are constant-boiling or azeotrope-like.
  • Examples 41 and 42 were repeated except that 3-methylpentane was used instead of 2-methylpentane.
  • the distillation column was charged with HCFC-141b, methanol (Example 43) or ethanol (Example 44), and 3-methylpentane in the amounts indicated in Table XVIII below for the starting material. TABLE XVIII Starting Material (weight %)
  • Example 41 was repeated for Examples 45 and 46 except that 2,2-dimethylbutane was used instead of 2-methylpentane and Example 42 was repeated for Example 47 except that 2,2-dimethylbutane was used instead of 2-methylpentane.
  • the distillation column was charged with HCFC-141 b, methanol (Examples 45 and 46) or ethanol (Example 47), and 2,2-dimethylbutane in the amounts indicated in Table XIX below for the starting material. TABLE XIX Starting Material (weight %)
  • Example 42 was repeated for Example 48 except that 2,3-dimethylbutane was used instead of 2-methylpentane.
  • Performance studies are conducted wherein metal coupons are cleaned using the present azeotrope-like compositions as solvents.
  • the metal coupons are soiled with various types of oils and heated to 93 °C so as to partially simulate the temperature attained while machining and grinding in the presence of these oils.
  • a stainless steel beaker with condensing coils near its lips is used.
  • Each azeotrope-like composition is boiled in the beaker which condenses on the coils providing adequate vapor and the condensed solvent drips back to the beaker.
  • the metal coupons are held in the solvent vapor and then vapor rinsed for a period of 15 seconds to 2 minutes depending upon the oils selected.
  • the azeotrope-like compositions of Examples 41 through 48 are used as the solvents. Cleanliness testing of coupons are done by measurement of the weight change of the coupons using an analytical balance to determine the total residual materials left after cleaning.
  • Each solvent of Examples 41 through 48 above is added to mineral oil in a weight ratio of 50:50 at 27°C. Each solvent is miscible in the mineral oil.
  • Metal coupons are soiled with various types of oil.
  • the soiled metal coupons are immersed in the solvents of Examples 41 through 48 above for a period of 15 seconds to 2 minutes, removed, and allowed to air dry. Upon visual inspection, the soil appears to be substantially removed.
  • Metal coupons are soiled with various types of oil.
  • the soiled metal coupons are sprayed with the solvents of Examples 41 through 48 above and allowed to air dry. Upon visual inspection, the soil appears to be substantially removed.
  • Inhibitors may be added to the present azeotrope-like compositions to inhibit decomposition of the compositions; react with undesirable decomposition products of the compositions; and/or prevent corrosion of metal surfaces.
  • any or all of the following classes of inhibitors may be employed in the invention: alkanols having 4 to 7 carbon atoms, nitroalkanes having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, 1 ,2-epoxyalkanes having 2 to 7 carbon atoms, phosphite esters having 12 to 30 carbon atoms, ethers having 3 or 4 carbon atoms, unsaturated compounds having 4 to 6 carbon atoms, acetals having 4 to 7 carbon atoms, ketones having 3 to 5 carbon atoms, and amines having 6 to 8 carbon atoms.
  • Other suitable inhibitors will readily occur to those skilled in the art.
  • the inhibitors may be used alone or in mixtures thereof in any proportions. Typically, up to about 2 percent based on the total weight of the azeotrope-like composition of inhibitor might be used.
  • the azeotrope-like compositions are used to clean solid surfaces by spraying the surfaces with the compositions
  • the azeotrope-like compositions are sprayed onto the surfaces by using a propellant.
  • the propellant is selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbons, chlorofiuorocarbons, hydrochlorofluorocarbon, hydrofluorocarbon, dimethyl ether, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, nitrous oxide, methylene oxide, air, and mixtures thereof.

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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
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Abstract

Des compositions de type azéotropique, comprenant 1,1-dichloro-1-fluoréthane, alcane contenant 6 atomes de carbone, et, éventuellement, alcanol et nitrométhane, sont stables et peuvent être utilisées comme agents de dégraissage et comme solvants dans de nombreuses applications relatives au nettoyage industriel, y compris le nettoyage à froid, le décapage de plaquettes de circuits imprimées et le nettoyage à sec.
PCT/US1992/009623 1991-11-08 1992-11-06 Compositions de type azeotropique comprenant 1,1-dichloro-1-fluorethane; alcane contenant 6 atomes de carbone; et eventuellement alcanol et nitromethane WO1993009271A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US79074391A 1991-11-08 1991-11-08
US790,743 1991-11-08
US83081792A 1992-02-05 1992-02-05
US830,817 1992-02-05

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1989012118A1 (fr) * 1988-06-09 1989-12-14 Allied-Signal Inc. Compositions de type azeotrope contenant du 1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane et de l'ethanol
WO1991013144A1 (fr) * 1990-03-02 1991-09-05 Allied-Signal Inc. Procede de nettoyage utilisant des compositions de type azeotrope de 1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane, de methanol et de nitromethane
US5124063A (en) * 1990-12-20 1992-06-23 Allied-Signal Inc. Azeotrope-like compositions of 1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane; dichlorotrifluoroethane; methanol; and alkane having 5 or 6 carbon atoms
WO1992011351A1 (fr) * 1990-12-19 1992-07-09 Allied-Signal Inc. Compositions de type azeotrope

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1989012118A1 (fr) * 1988-06-09 1989-12-14 Allied-Signal Inc. Compositions de type azeotrope contenant du 1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane et de l'ethanol
WO1991013144A1 (fr) * 1990-03-02 1991-09-05 Allied-Signal Inc. Procede de nettoyage utilisant des compositions de type azeotrope de 1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane, de methanol et de nitromethane
WO1992011351A1 (fr) * 1990-12-19 1992-07-09 Allied-Signal Inc. Compositions de type azeotrope
US5124063A (en) * 1990-12-20 1992-06-23 Allied-Signal Inc. Azeotrope-like compositions of 1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane; dichlorotrifluoroethane; methanol; and alkane having 5 or 6 carbon atoms

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 13, no. 384 (C-629)(3732) 24 August 1989 *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 13, no. 399 (C-632)(3747) 5 September 1989 *

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