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WO1993003613A1 - Fongicides biocompatibles polyvalents - Google Patents

Fongicides biocompatibles polyvalents Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1993003613A1
WO1993003613A1 PCT/US1991/007825 US9107825W WO9303613A1 WO 1993003613 A1 WO1993003613 A1 WO 1993003613A1 US 9107825 W US9107825 W US 9107825W WO 9303613 A1 WO9303613 A1 WO 9303613A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
bicarbonate
oil
percent
composition
concentration
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1991/007825
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English (en)
Inventor
Lawrence Kirschner
R. Kenneth Horst
Original Assignee
Church & Dwight Company, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Church & Dwight Company, Inc. filed Critical Church & Dwight Company, Inc.
Publication of WO1993003613A1 publication Critical patent/WO1993003613A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
    • A01N59/04—Carbon disulfide; Carbon monoxide; Carbon dioxide

Definitions

  • the invention relates to fungicidal compositions which employ one or more bicarbonates in combination with a horti- cultural oil and methods of using same.
  • fungicides may have a very limited spectrum of activity, i.e., they may only be active against certain species of fungus and/or on certain types of plants.
  • Other fungicides such as the bisdithiocarbamates, are known to have a broad spectrum of activity against many types of fungus infections.
  • due to the high toxicity of these latter fungicides they are gradually being regulated out of common usage. Indeed, the potential environmental damage caused by conventional fungicides is a major disadvan ⁇ tage in their continued use.
  • sodium bicarbonate is known to be effective against various fungi at a concentration of 2,000 ppm (2% (w/v)).
  • U.S. Patent No. 4,599,233 discloses that sodium bicarbonate in combination with an emulsifying agent is 98-100% effective against cucumber powdery mildew (Sphaero- theca fulginea) at a concentration of 2,900 ppm. Efficacy dropped off slightly at 1,000 ppm and was markedly reduced at 500 ppm. Sodium bicarbonate was even less effective at the lowest dose tested, 250 ppm. The effectiveness also varied depending on the choice of e ulsifier and concentration thereof. In all cases, however, a sodium bicarbonate concen ⁇ tration of at least about 1,000 to 2,000 ppm was required to achieve effective fungicidal activity.
  • bicarbonate particularly sodium bicarbonate, potassium bicarbonate and/or ammonium bicarbonate when combined with a horticultural oil in aqueous solution or suspension provides a broad spectrum biocompatible antifungal composition which is extremely effective at significantly lower bicarbonate concentrations than previously reported.
  • the inventive compositions include the bicarbonate in the range of about 0.0125 to 0.05% (w/v), more preferably about 0.0125%, in combination with the horticultural oil in an amount of about 0.05 to 1.0% (v/v) in aqueous solu ⁇ tion/suspension.
  • the bicarbonate is sodium bicar ⁇ bonate, potassium bicarbonate or ammonium bicarbonate, most preferably sodium bicarbonate.
  • a spreader-sticker type horticultural oil is used, such as Triton B, Rohm and Haas Co., Philadelphia, PA or Sun Spray ® Ultra FineTM Oil, Safer ® Incorporated, Newton, MA.
  • the above-described antifungal compositions are applied to fungus infected plants weekly during the production season or as needed.
  • Figure 1 shows the average disease severity rating of powdery mildew on five combined rose cultivars Bridal Pink, Lavande, Prive, Royalty, and Sonia treated with NaHCO- and oil, alone and in combination. Lines on each bar represent standard deviations at each date.
  • Figure 2 shows the average disease severity rating of powdery mildew on untreated rose cultivars Bridal Pink, Gold Rush, Lavande, Prive, Royalty, Samantha, and Sonia. Lines on each bar represent standard deviations at each date.
  • Figure 3 shows the average disease severity rating of powdery mildew on individual rose cultivars Bridal Pink, Lavande, Prive, Royalty, Samantha, and Sonia. Lines on each bar represent standard deviations at each date.
  • Figure 4 shows the average disease severity rating of powdery mildew on rose cultivar Prive treated with NaHCO- plus oil, and propiconazole. Lines on each bar represent standard deviations at each date.
  • Figure 5 shows individual leaves of cultivar Samantha (A) NaHC0 3 plus oil treated leaf which demonstrates protective properties on powdery mildew; (B) untreated leaf of cultivar Samantha with severe powdery mildew; (C) NaHC0 3 plus oil treated leaf (infected prior to treatment) which demonstrates the eradicative properties on powdery mildew.
  • Figure 6 shows the average disease severity rating of blackspot on rose cultivars Mr. Lincoln and Pascale treated with combinations of NaHCO- plus Tween 20, Tween 20 plus oil, and NaHCO- plus Tween 20 plus oil, and Tween 20 alone.
  • the fungicidal compositions of the invention are active against a broad spectrum of fungi, including but not limited to Powdery mildew, particularly of roses (Sphaerotheca pannosa var rosae) cucurbits (Sphaerotheca fuligena) and potatoes (Erysiphe cichoracearum) ; Downy mildew, particularly of roses (Peronospora sparsa) ; blackspot, particularly of roses (Diplo- carpon rosae) ; Fusarium stem rot, particularly of carnation (Fusarium graminearum) ; Rust of Carnation (Uro vces dianthi) ; Alternaria blight of carnation (Alternaria dianthi) and of other crops; and Colletotrichum, especially of cucurbits (Colletotrichum lagenarium) .
  • Powdery mildew particularly of roses (Sphaerotheca pannosa var rosa
  • the bicarbonate concentration is below 1,000 ppm (0.1% w/v) . More preferably the bicarbonate concentration is in the range of about 125-500 ppm, most preferably about 125 ppm and lower (i.e., about 0.0125% w/v).
  • effective fungicidal activity not heretofore attainable at concentrations below 1,000-2,000 ppm can be achieved in accordance with the invention by combining the bicarbonate with a horticultural oil in an aqueous solu ⁇ tion. Even more surprisingly, it has been found that fungi ⁇ cidal activity is not significantly diminished, if at all, at the lower concentration.
  • the ability to exhibit effective fungicidal activity at bicarbonate concentrations below 1,000 ppm enables the use of the inventive fungicidal compositions on plants, most notably roses, as to which bicarbonate concentrations of 1,000 ppm and higher have been found by the inventors to be phytotoxic. Therefore, the herein described fungicidal compositions, in addition to having a broad spectrum of fungicidal activity, may also be used on a wide range of plants without fear of phytotoxicity that might otherwise occur at the much higher bicarbonate concentrations heretofore disclosed in the art.
  • the bicarbonate is preferably an alkali metal bicarbon ⁇ ate, such as sodium or potassium bicarbonate or may be ammo ⁇ nium bicarbonate.
  • the fungicidal compositions may employ a single bicarbonate or may employ combinations thereof.
  • the horticultural oil is preferably a spreader - sticker oil, most preferably Sun Spray ® ⁇ tra-FineTM Oil. Combinations of horti ⁇ cultural oils may also be employed, if desired.
  • An especially preferred composition is an aqueous solu ⁇ tion of sodium bicarbonate (0.0125% w/v) and Sun Spray ® Ultra-FineTM Oil (1.0% v/v) .
  • Powdery Mildew - Seven cultivars of rose were used in powdery mildew experiments: Bridal Pink, Gold Rush, Lavande, Prive, Samantha, Sonia, and Royalty. All plants received the same fertilizer treatment following Cornell Recommendations for Commercial Floriculture Crops. They were grown under glass and in a soil based medium amended with perlite and peat moss. A randomized split block design was used within each of four greenhouse concrete benches, 19.8 m by 1 m, and plants were spaced 30 cm on center. Each cultivar block contained 12 plants and there were 2 blocks of each cultivar within each bench.
  • Blackspot - Cultivars Mr. Lincoln and Pascale were used in blackspot experiments. Eighty-one plants of each cultivar were planted in separate ground beds. Treatments were: no spray; 0.05% NaHC0 3 plus 1.0%-Sun Spray ® Ultra-FineTM Oil; 0.05% NaHC0 3 plus 1.0% Sun Spray ® Ultra-FineTM Oil plus 0.6 ml Tween 20/3.8 liters water; 1.0% Sun Spray ® m Ultra-FineTM” Oil; and 0.6 ml Tween 20/3.8 liters water. Treatments were arranged in randomized blocks within each cultivar with 2 blocks of each treatment and 1 block with no treatment. Each block contained 9 plants spaced 30 cm on center. The disease rating was the same as that used to evaluate powdery mildew.
  • Blackspot - Inoculum of D. rosae for this experiment was provided by severe blackspot incidence in roses previously planted in the ground beds. Frequent rains provided the mois ⁇ ture required for natural infections.
  • Applications of NaHCO- plus Tween 20 resulted in a reduction in disease severity for blackspot.
  • Data presented in Fig. 6 showed that NaHC0 3 plus Tween 20 and NaHC0 3 plus Tween 20 plus oil reduced the inci ⁇ dence of blackspot more than Tween 20 alone or Tween 20 plus oil.
  • "Mr. Lincoln” was more susceptible to D. rosae than "Pascale.”
  • NaHC0 3 and horticultural oil are effective biocompatible fungicides for control of powdery mildew and blackspot on rose. Although their effectiveness is quite good when applied singly, it is improved in combination. Their usefulness would be amplified if they were incorporated into production control programs in lieu of those fungicides that possess mammalian and environ ⁇ mental toxicity.
  • EXAMPLE 2 Bicarbonate inhibition of phytopathogenic fungi in vitro.
  • the growth of Fusarium graminearum was assayed in vitro over a range (0.05 to 2.0% w/v) of concentrations of three bicar ⁇ bonate salts-sodium, potassium and ammonium.
  • Inhibition of fungal growth on agar supplemented with NaHC ⁇ 3 and KHC0 3 was evident at 0.4, 1.6 and 2.0%, while NH 4 C0 3 was lethal to the fungi at these same concentrations.
  • Inhibition of F. graminearum on NaHCO- and KHCO- appeared to result in a departure from the sporodochial growth form to a pinnotal form, compared with control plates.
  • bicarbonates in combination with a horticultural oil, may be used at much lower bicarbon ⁇ ate concentrations than were heretofore believed to be fungicidal, enables the use of bicarbonate based biocompatible fungicides on a variety of plant species, e.g. roses, as to which the higher bicarbonate concentrations heretofore believed necessary would be phytotoxic.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Abstract

On décrit des compositions fongicides biocompatibles et polyvalentes, qui contiennent un bicarbonate combiné avec une huile horticole. La concentration en bicarbonate est comprise entre environ 0,0125 et 0,05 % (p/v). L'huile horticole est présente en une concentration comprise entre 0,5 et 1,0 % environ (v/v).
PCT/US1991/007825 1991-08-19 1991-10-22 Fongicides biocompatibles polyvalents WO1993003613A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US74686691A 1991-08-19 1991-08-19
US746,866 1991-08-19

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1993003613A1 true WO1993003613A1 (fr) 1993-03-04

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PCT/US1991/007825 WO1993003613A1 (fr) 1991-08-19 1991-10-22 Fongicides biocompatibles polyvalents

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AU (1) AU8869391A (fr)
WO (1) WO1993003613A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0664954A3 (fr) * 1994-01-31 1995-11-29 American Cyanamid Co Compositions fongicides de pyrazolium.

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1981000187A1 (fr) * 1979-07-11 1981-02-05 M Sampson Effet chimique ameliore sur les plantes
EP0110564A1 (fr) * 1982-10-27 1984-06-13 CHINOIN Gyogyszer és Vegyészeti Termékek Gyára RT. Composition nématocide et insecticide et procédé pour lutter contre lesdites pestes
US4599233A (en) * 1978-07-13 1986-07-08 Rikagaku Kenkyusho Agricultural and horticultural fungicide and fruit storage disease preventing agent and process for production thereof
DE3724595A1 (de) * 1987-07-24 1989-02-02 Cham Biotechnik Btc Verfahren zur steigerung der photosyntheseleistung von pflanzen und ihrer abwehrkraft gegen schwaecheparasiten
WO1990007272A1 (fr) * 1988-12-27 1990-07-12 Monsanto Company Compositions distribuables contenant des pesticides

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4599233A (en) * 1978-07-13 1986-07-08 Rikagaku Kenkyusho Agricultural and horticultural fungicide and fruit storage disease preventing agent and process for production thereof
WO1981000187A1 (fr) * 1979-07-11 1981-02-05 M Sampson Effet chimique ameliore sur les plantes
EP0110564A1 (fr) * 1982-10-27 1984-06-13 CHINOIN Gyogyszer és Vegyészeti Termékek Gyára RT. Composition nématocide et insecticide et procédé pour lutter contre lesdites pestes
DE3724595A1 (de) * 1987-07-24 1989-02-02 Cham Biotechnik Btc Verfahren zur steigerung der photosyntheseleistung von pflanzen und ihrer abwehrkraft gegen schwaecheparasiten
WO1990007272A1 (fr) * 1988-12-27 1990-07-12 Monsanto Company Compositions distribuables contenant des pesticides

Non-Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
J.PESTICIDE SCI., Vol. 6, 1981 Y Homma et al: "Effect of sodium bicarbonate on each growth stage of cucumber powdery mildew fungus (Sphaerotheca fuliginea) in its life cycle ", *
J.PESTICIDE SCI., Vol. 6, 1981 Y Homma et al: "Effects of emulsifiers and surfactants on the protective values of sodium bicarbonate ", *
Patent Abstracts of Japan, Vol 5, No 102, C 61, abstract of JP 56- 43207, publ 1981-04-21 *
PHYTOPATHOLOGY, Vol. 72, No. 6, 1982 Z.K. Punja et al: "Effects of inorganic salts, carbonate-bicarbonate anions, ammonia, and the modifying influence of pH on sclerotial germination of sclerotium rolfsii ", *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0664954A3 (fr) * 1994-01-31 1995-11-29 American Cyanamid Co Compositions fongicides de pyrazolium.

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Publication number Publication date
AU8869391A (en) 1993-03-16

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