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WO1993000800A1 - Aquarium a jet d'eau - Google Patents

Aquarium a jet d'eau Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1993000800A1
WO1993000800A1 PCT/SE1992/000448 SE9200448W WO9300800A1 WO 1993000800 A1 WO1993000800 A1 WO 1993000800A1 SE 9200448 W SE9200448 W SE 9200448W WO 9300800 A1 WO9300800 A1 WO 9300800A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
water
basin
screen
aquarium
channel
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SE1992/000448
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Mats E. Henriksson
Karl-Erik Eriksson
Original Assignee
Vattenfall Utveckling Ab
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vattenfall Utveckling Ab filed Critical Vattenfall Utveckling Ab
Publication of WO1993000800A1 publication Critical patent/WO1993000800A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
    • A01K63/003—Aquaria; Terraria

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a stream water aquarium, especially for studying the behaviour of fishes or other living creatures in streaming water, comprising a basin defined by two side walls, two end walls and a bottom from which extends upwards at least one partition which is shorter than the side walls and which, together with these walls and the end walls, defines an endless stream water path having two elongate channels or channel-like portions and two transverse passages therebetween, said basin including at least one water-propelling unit impart ⁇ ing to the water a circulating stream motion along said path.
  • Prior-art aquariums of this type are so designed that the circulating water will, at the end of each channel, impinge directly upon the end wall, which results in much splashing and considerable wave-formation in the surface water at the two ends of the basin as soon as the water is propelled at some speed.
  • Such mediocre circulation of the water highly restricts the possibilities of studying e.g. the natural behaviour of fishes in various types of streaming water.
  • the streaming conditions in such prior-art aquariums become very different in different sections of the basin chan ⁇ nels, and the propelling speed and the wave-formation at a side wall may thus differ markedly from the correspond ⁇ ing parameters at the partition.
  • the water stream conditions may vary considerably at different depths. Another serious inconvenience is that the water-propelling unit or units required are mounted within the stream of water in the basin.
  • the separate water-propelling unit is in the form of a motor-powered impeller incorpo ⁇ rated in a lattice cage which, although of a hydrodynami- cally suitable design, is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the basin channel and extends up towards the water surface in such a manner that it takes up a considerable part of the space between the partition and the side wall.
  • the unit forms, in the middle of the stream water path, an obstacle on which the fish may easily get caught and which, in addition, interferes with the stream pattern.
  • the present invention aims at obviating the above inconveniences and providing a stream water aquarium offering better opportunities to all-round studies of the natural behaviour of fishes and other animals in various types of streaming water.
  • a primary object of the inven ⁇ tion is, therefore, to provide an aquarium in which the water can be propelled at a comparatively high speed with ⁇ out splashing over or forming undesired waves. According to the invention, this object is achieved by a stream water aquarium having the features recited in appended claim 1.
  • a secondary object of the invention is to provide an aquarium in which the water-propelling unit or units required do not in any way obstruct the water stream. According to the invention, this object is achieved by a stream water aquarium having the features recited in appended claim 5.
  • FIG. 1 is a part-sectional top plan view of an aquarium according to the invention.
  • FIGS 2 and 3 are part-sectional longitudinal views of the aquarium of Fig. 1, and
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged detail view of a portion of a screen mounted in the basin. Description of the Preferred Embodiment
  • Fig. 1 shows a basin 1 defined by two side walls 2, 3, two end walls 4, 5, and a bottom 6, from which a cen ⁇ tral partition 7 extends upwards.
  • the partition 7 is shorter than the side walls so as to define, together with the walls 2-5, an endless stream water path having two substantially straight channels or channel-like portions 8, 8* and two transverse passages 9, 9' therebetween.
  • the basin may have a length of 10-20 m, suitably 12-15 m, and a width of 3-6 m, suitably 4-4.5 m.
  • all the walls are straight, this is no requirement.
  • the end walls 4, 5 may have another shape and e.g. be curved.
  • the water is assumed to circulate anticlockwise in a flow path about the partition 7.
  • t water in the basin is propelled by two identical units 10, 10', one of which will be described in more detail below.
  • the water-propelling unit 10 is arranged at the front or inlet end of the channel 8, as seen in the direction of flow, and the water-propelling unit 10' is similarly arranged at the front end of the channel 8' .
  • a curved screen 11, 11' is mounted at each of the two opposite ends of the basin, more precisely in the area in front of the end wall 5 and 4, respectively.
  • the lower edge 12 of each screen is located below the water surface, while the upper edge 13 is located above the water sur ⁇ face.
  • the screen should be comparatively high.
  • the screen th extends from essentially the same level as the upper edges of the basin walls 2-5 down to a cover or bottom plate 14 forming part of the bottom 6.
  • the screen is formed with a plurality of small holes or open ⁇ ings 15 (see Fig.
  • the screen 11 conveniently is a per ⁇ forated metal sheet with elongate holes 15 whose longitu ⁇ dinal extension is horizontally oriented. Tests have shown that the individual hole 15 ideally is an elongate rec- tangle measuring 25 x 2 mm and having rounded, suitably semicircular, ends, the hole area being 25-45%, suitably 30-40% and preferably about 34%. When, as preferred, the hole area is 34%, the remaining metal-sheet area amounts to 66%.
  • the curved metal sheet 11 has a substantially semicircular shape, and the ends 16, 16' of the metal sheet are connected to the side walls 2, 3 of the basin at points which are so remote from the adja ⁇ cent end walls that the metal sheet is maintained in its entirety at a certain distance from the end wall.
  • the partition 7 has, at each of its two opposite ends, a so-called flow-turning nose 17 in the form of a continuous, non-perforated metal sheet having a progressively curved shape and serving to conduct the streaming water round the wall end in gentle streams, i.e. without giving rise to any appreciable tur ⁇ bulence.
  • the bottom plate 14 does not extend all the way up to the end wall 4, but ends on a level with the screen 11', thereby forming a free passage 31. At least the main part of the water taken in to the space 32 between the screen 11' and the end wall 4 via the holes 15 in the screen can be conducted, through this com ⁇ munication passage 31, down to the water-propelling unit 10 arranged below the bottom plate 14.
  • the water-propelling unit 10 includes an operative component in the form of an impeller or a vane wheel 18 driven by a submersible motor 19, suitably of a type per ⁇ mitting continuous variation of the speed of the motor and, consequently, of the rotational speed of the impel ⁇ ler 18. Further, the impeller 18 is arranged within or adjacent to a cylindrical tube 20 which gradually merges into an elongate, rectangular portion 21. This portion ends in a grating-equipped outlet 22 in the bottom of the basin. An inlet 23, also equipped with a grating, is arranged in the bottom of the basin for taking in water to the water-propelling unit 10. This inlet is at least partly formed in the bottom plate 14 covering the water-propelling unit 10.
  • the inlet includes two comparatively large-size openings 23' and 23" which both are covered by gratings and the first of which is formed in the horizontal bottom plate 14, while the second extends obliquely from a rear edge 24 down to a front edge 25 which is located on a lowe level. More precisely, the front edge 25 adjoins ⁇ _r- tion of the channel bottom that is covered by a layer 26 of stone or the like, the upper surface of this layer being located on a level below the two bottom plates 14 at the ends of the basin.
  • the opening 23" may have the same width as the associated channel, and be comparatively long, e.g.
  • the opening 23' may be slightly narrower.
  • a relatively large proportion of the streaming water e.g. 30-35%, may be taken in through the inlet 23 formed by the openings 23' and 23".
  • This water is then, by the water-propelling unit, drawn through the transverse passage below the bottom plate 14 and given a speed increment by the impeller 18, whereupon it is conducted through the outlet duct 20, 21 to the outlet 22, where the emerging water by ejector action entrains the streaming water above the bottom plate 14 and speeds it up.
  • the outlet opening 22 is formed in an upright, slightly inclined transitional por ⁇ tion 27 between the bottom plate 14 and the layer of stones 26, such that the force with which the water rushes out through the opening receives a large horizontal compo ⁇ nent.
  • the outlet 22 is narrower than the channel 8.
  • the width of the outlet 22 may be but approximately half the width of the channel. To provide optimum streaming conditions in the channel, the outlet 22 is thus offset in relation to the centre of the channel, more precisely in such a manner that the cen ⁇ tre of the outlet is closer to the partition 7 than to the side wall 3.
  • the water taken in to the water-propelling unit 10 comes not only from the inlet 23 but also from the space 32 behind the screen 11' .
  • the side walls of the basin are mainly manufactured of plates 28 of a transpa ⁇ rent material, such as glass.
  • the basin has an inlet 29 for supplying fresh water, as well as an outlet 30 for draining water.
  • control equipment (not shown) for adjusting e.g. the level of water in the basin is con ⁇ nected to both the inlet and the outlet.
  • the advantages of the invention are obvious. Since the screens counteract splashing and wave-formation in the basin, the water can be propelled at a comparatively high speed by the effective water-propelling units. Thus, tests have shown that a propelling speed of 1.5-2.0 m/s is possible. The speed is rapidly adjustable between dif ⁇ ferent desired values by means of the continuously-vari- able-speed driving motors. Since the water-propelling units are arranged below the bottom of the basin, the water available for the fishes or laboratory animals is completely free from obstacles, which makes it much easier to study the behaviour of the animals in stream ⁇ ing water of all sorts.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)

Abstract

Un aquarium à jet d'eau se compose d'un bassin (1) défini par des parois latérales (2, 3), des parois terminales (4, 5) et un fond à partir duquel s'étend vers le haut une cloison (7) formant une voie de jets d'eau sans fin présentant deux canaux allongés (8, 8') et deux passages (9, 9'). Le bassin comprend en outre au moins une unité propulsant l'eau (10, 10') tout en lui communiquant un mouvement à jet circulant le long de la voie. Un écran incurvé (11, 11') est monté à chacune des deux extrémités opposées du bassin. L'écran comporte une pluralité de petits trous ou orifices par lesquels au moins l'eau de surface propulsée dans le canal précédent est contrainte de passer avant de heurter la paroi terminale (5), afin de diviser l'eau de surface en une pluralité de flots partiels mineurs, empêchant ainsi les projections d'eau ou la formation de vagues.
PCT/SE1992/000448 1991-07-01 1992-06-18 Aquarium a jet d'eau WO1993000800A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE9102048-7 1991-07-01
SE9102048A SE468697B (sv) 1991-07-01 1991-07-01 Stroemakvarium

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1993000800A1 true WO1993000800A1 (fr) 1993-01-21

Family

ID=20383220

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/SE1992/000448 WO1993000800A1 (fr) 1991-07-01 1992-06-18 Aquarium a jet d'eau

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU2290792A (fr)
SE (1) SE468697B (fr)
WO (1) WO1993000800A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6273025B1 (en) * 1999-09-09 2001-08-14 Joseph D. Laird Aquarium water circulation system
US20130263792A1 (en) * 2007-11-09 2013-10-10 Keepalive, Inc. Endless stream fish tank
CN112717543A (zh) * 2020-12-29 2021-04-30 先兴发 一种绿色建筑

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PROG. FISH-CULT., Vol. 45, No. 2, April 1983, "Sinous Stream Aquarium to Stimulate Lotic Fish Habitat". *
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, FOREST SERVICE, Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experimental Station, February 1983, GORDON H. REEVES et al.: "A Recirculating System Stream Aquarium for Ecological Studies". *

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6273025B1 (en) * 1999-09-09 2001-08-14 Joseph D. Laird Aquarium water circulation system
US20130263792A1 (en) * 2007-11-09 2013-10-10 Keepalive, Inc. Endless stream fish tank
US8813685B2 (en) * 2007-11-09 2014-08-26 Keepalive, Inc. Endless stream fish tank
CN112717543A (zh) * 2020-12-29 2021-04-30 先兴发 一种绿色建筑

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE468697B (sv) 1993-03-08
SE9102048L (sv) 1993-01-02
AU2290792A (en) 1993-02-11
SE9102048D0 (sv) 1991-07-01

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