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WO1992011186A1 - Cellule a combustible au polythioether polyurethane - Google Patents

Cellule a combustible au polythioether polyurethane Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1992011186A1
WO1992011186A1 PCT/US1991/009544 US9109544W WO9211186A1 WO 1992011186 A1 WO1992011186 A1 WO 1992011186A1 US 9109544 W US9109544 W US 9109544W WO 9211186 A1 WO9211186 A1 WO 9211186A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fuel cell
ply
fuel
fabric
rubber coated
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1991/009544
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Jerome R. Kulesia
Richard A. Sesco
Original Assignee
American Fuel Cell And Coated Fabrics Company
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by American Fuel Cell And Coated Fabrics Company filed Critical American Fuel Cell And Coated Fabrics Company
Publication of WO1992011186A1 publication Critical patent/WO1992011186A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D37/00—Arrangements in connection with fuel supply for power plant
    • B64D37/02—Tanks
    • B64D37/06—Constructional adaptations thereof

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns the art of fuel container design. More specifically, the present invention concerns the field of bladder type fuel containment systems as used in various aviation applications.
  • the integral tank system for fuel containment utilizes existing cavities within the fuselage of an aircraft, especially within the wings, as an integral fuel storage area. These cavities are prepared for fuel retention by sealing all structural joints and fasteners with a hydrocarbon resistant material so as to form a leak resistant fuel containment area. Fittings and hoses for fuel delivery to aircraft engines as well as a means for refueling are provided to form a complete integral fuel tank. Specific polymer compositions have been formulated to act as the sealant used in the integral fuel tank.
  • a typical storage container and a method for sealing same using a thioether mercaptan terminated disulfide polymer is disclosed in European Patent application 268,837.
  • Another suitable polymer for use in such applications is a polythioether polyurethane as disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,366,307.
  • the excellent fuel, solvent, water and temperature resistance of polythioether compounds make them ideal sealing compounds for integral fuel tank applications.
  • Integral fuel tanks suffer from several limitations inherent in their design. Integral tanks are rigid structures and are more likely to rupture in a crash then other more flexible designs discussed below. Even minor stress failure in wing or fuselage located integral fuel tanks may cause fuel leaks and a potential catastrophe.
  • a flexible polythioether polyurethane compound has been spray applied to the internal surfaces of a wing or fuselage so as to prevent fuel leaks caused by structural failures in said wing or fuselage as discussed above. These attempts have not been generally successful and fuel sealing has been inadequate.
  • a second design utilized in modern aircraft fuel containment is a rigid, non-integral fuel tank.
  • the separate internal metal fuel tanks utilized in the past are now considered too heavy for many applications.
  • the increased weight of a separate internal metal tank, as compared to the integral fuel tank design decreases fuel economy and adversely effects other performance criteria of aircraft incorporating such tanks, such as air speed and rate of climb.
  • metal tanks are subject to failure due to corrosion, stress cracking, metal fatigue, or other physical limitations.
  • the composite resin tank is a separate structure within the wing or fuselage areas of the aircraft. Therefore it is possible to coat the outside of a composite resin tank with a material such as the polythioether polyurethane mentioned above in an effort to reduce the danger of leakage.
  • composite resin fuel tanks are, as is the integral containment systems, rigid structures. They are easily damaged upon impact due to the relatively low impact strength of composite resin materials. As discussed above, crashworthiness is a major concern in aircraft fuel tank design. Composite resin tanks are limited in this vital area of safety.
  • Fuel cells are a third major type of aircraft fuel container. Fuel cells are primarily used in aircraft and automobile racing applications where increased crashworthiness is vital. There are essentially three basic designs utilized in fuel cell construction.
  • a first type of fuel cell is the bladder.
  • the bladder type fuel cell has a laminated structure comprising at least three-plies of elastomeric material and including an inner ply, a middle fuel-resistant ply, and an outer ply.
  • the inner ply functions to contact and retain fuel and must be highly fuel resistant.
  • the middle ply of a bladder type fuel cell functions as a fuel barrier so as to decrease the overall permeability of the bladder to hydrocarbon fuel.
  • the outer layer is designed to resist external abrasion and handling damage as well as to equal the fuel resistant qualities of the inner layer.
  • nitrile rubber coated nylon fabric has been utilized for inner and outer plies of fuel bladders, whereas a spray on nylon material has been utilized for the fuel resistant barrier.
  • a standard non-sealing bladder construction includes inner and outer plies comprised of a two ounce to 25 ounce per square yard nylon fabric impregnated on both sides with nitrile rubber, (butadiene- acrylonitrile copolymer) , with a middle ply of a nylon fuel barrier.
  • the stress loads to which the fuel bladder will be subject determine what weight fabric will be utilized for the inner and outer plies.
  • the fineness of the nylon material utilized in the nylon fabric may range from about 40 to 100 denier on warp and fill yarns, and from 0 to 10 t.p.i. with plain weave fabric.
  • the nylon fuel barrier is spray applied to the inner ply.
  • Adhesive nylon cement is applied between the plies of the nylon fuel barrier and the nitrile rubber coated fabric to aid adhesion.
  • a second type of fuel cell has a "self- sealing" design to meet the requirements of gun fire protection. This design comprises an inner ply, an outer ply, a fuel resistant barrier located between the inner and outer plies and one or more plies of natural (self-sealing) rubber coated nylon fabric located between the fuel barrier and the outer ply. Perforations of the natural rubber-coated nylon fabric are effectively sealed by a low viscosity natural rubber swelling into such perforations.
  • the inner and outer ply have been fabricated from nitrile rubber coated fabric, and the weight of the fabric incorporated into these plies ranges from 2 to a 25 ounce per square yard.
  • the fuel resistant barrier has been fabricated from a sprayable nylon material.
  • a third type of fuel cell is the crashworthy design.
  • This fuel cell configuration is designed to hold fuel and withstand increased mechanical loads placed on the cell, such as impact due to a crash.
  • the crashworthy fuel cell comprises an inner ply, an outer ply, a fuel barrier located between the inner and outer ply, and one or more nitrile rubber coated nylon fabric reinforcing plies located between the fuel barrier and the outer ply.
  • the outermost reinforcing ply may serve as the outer ply of the fuel cell or a non-reinforced outer ply may be provided.
  • the strength of the crashworthy cell may be increased by utilizing additional reinforcing plies, or by selecting heavier weight nylon fabrics. These nylon fabrics again range from about 2 to about 25 ounces per square yard.
  • All three types of fuel cells function as bladders for containment of fuel. It is also possible for a fuel cell to incorporate both the self-seal and the crashworthiness functions by utilizing both natural rubber-coated fabric and reinforcing plies in its construction.
  • the examples of fuel cell construction discussed above all comprise a non-rigid design which inherently suffer less from minor impact than the integral and rigid separate tank designs.
  • nitrile rubber coated fabric inner and outer ply.
  • a tool form is selected conforming to the desired dimensions of a particular fuel cell application.
  • nitrile rubber coated nylon must be pattern cut and hand laid in separate sections on a tool form. Where the edge of one section meets another a lap joint has to be made. The amount of overlap of nylon fabric at the lap determines the strength of the lap joint, and depending on the application involved, a specific amount of overlap is selected.
  • Polymer adhesives are utilized to bond sections of the pattern cut nylon fabric at the lap.
  • polyurethanes selected for spray fabrication of cell plies in the past have been unsatisfactory due to a greatly decreased service life as compared to nitrile rubber coated nylon plies.
  • polyfunctional alcohols commercially available for reaction with diisocyanates to yield the polyurethanes utilized in fuel cell plies. These classes are the polyester, polyoxypropylene, and polyoxytetramethylene polyols.
  • Polyester polyurethanes have not been used in spray applications since they are high viscosity liquids. Additionally, these compounds are not desirable because they are hydrolytically unstable. Water may be found, as a contaminant, in aviation fuel where it may attack the inner ply of a fuel cell. Condensation may also occur on the outer ply wall of a fuel cell. It is therefore important that inner and outer fuel cell plies exhibit excellent hydrolytic stability in order to prolong service life of the cell.
  • PPG Polyoxypropylene polyols
  • PTMEG Polyoxytetramethyl polyols
  • PTMEG and PPG polyurethanes can be formulated for application by a faster spray on technique for fuel cell fabrication.
  • low viscosity polyurethane is spray applied to a tool form. After this low viscosity polyurethane has cured, an inner fuel cell ply is formed. This inner ply may be reinforced with fabric.
  • a fuel barrier comprised of a nylon material is next applied to the cured inner wall by spraying. After the fuel barrier layer is at least partially cured, an outer ply of polyurethane is applied by a spraying technique. This outer ply may also be reinforced with fiber.
  • the present invention relates to a fuel cell comprising an inner ply, a fuel resistant barrier, and an outer ply, at least one of the inner and outer plies of the fuel cell is a polythioether polyurethane.
  • This material which is available in a liquified formulation for spray, brush, or spread coat application, exhibits excellent hydrolytic stability, hydrocarbon fluid, solvent and chemical resistance. Additionally, the polythioether polyurethane imparts excellent high and low temperature flexibility as well as superior impact resistance to the cell.
  • the preferred manufacturing process of the present invention comprises selecting a suitable tool form corresponding to a particular fuel cell application. After the suitable form is selected, a polythioether polyurethane is spray or brush applied onto the tool form in order to form an inner ply of the fuel cell. The resulting inner ply is seamless and thus is less prone to leakage or rupture than a seamed inner ply. The polythioether inner ply is then allowed to cure. A nylon fuel barrier is then spray applied over the inner ply allowing sufficient time for this layer to cure. A polythioether polyurethane is spray or brush applied over the cured nylon fuel barrier so as to form an outer ply of the fuel cell. The outer ply, thus formed is also a seamless ply as is the inner ply. The labor required for a spray applied inner and outer ply is far less than that required for pattern cut hand laid fabrication.
  • the present invention incorporates a polythioether-based polyurethane (PTE) as at least one ply in a fuel cell.
  • PTE polythioether-based polyurethane
  • the PTE utilized in the present invention is a liquid polyurethane which may be applied by spray or other increased speed techniques.
  • Polythioether-based polyurethanes are commercially available at viscosities which allow the material to be spray applied. Spray application of polythioether polyurethane fuel cell plies reduces the complexity, cost and time required as contrasted with hand laid nitrile rubber fabric plies discussed above. As compared with other available polyurethanes, polythioethers have superior hydrocarbon fuel, chemical, solvent and hydrolytic resistance.
  • Polythioether polyurethanes of the present invention are based on a polythioether alcohol of the following formula: H[-( 0-CH2-CH 2 -S-CH2-CH 2 )-(0-CH-CH 2 -S-CH 2 -CH 2 -)—] n °H
  • the molecular structure of polythioether alcohols includes a pendent methyl group as does the structure of PPG polyurethane. It is believed this pendent group prevents the close alignment of polymer chains, and therefore prevents strong inter-chain hydrogen bonding in polyurethanes based on these alcohols. Tear and tensile strength of polyurethanes incorporating a pendent methyl group are less than those polyurethanes without such groups. Yet, surprisingly, for many applications, adequate strength has been achieved in fuel cells in which at least one of the inner and outer ply are comprised of polythioether polyurethane.
  • Preferred polythioether polyurethanes are disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,366,307. This material has been used in the past as a sealing, coating, and repair material for fuel containment systems.
  • a discussion of comparative physical properties of polyurethanes formed by reacting 2000 m.w. PPG, PTMEG and PTE polyol with toluene diisocyanate (TDI) to prepare NCO terminated prepolymers may be found in POLYTHIOETHER POLYOLS.
  • TTI toluene diisocyanate
  • a NEW RAW MATERIAL FOR NOVEL POLYURETHANES by Haka Singh, Ph.D The tear- strength of the PTE, as shown in Table 1 below, was comparable to PPG but considerably less then the tear strength of the PTMEG. The tensile strength of the PTE was significantly less than both the PPG and the PTMEG. Table 1
  • Table 2 (below) describes the same polyurethane compounds as Table 1 (above) , and additionally illustrates the chemical, solvent and fuel resistance of the PTE, PTMEG and PPG based polyurethanes. Samples of each polyurethane were immersed for 14 days at room temperature in each described substance.
  • the inner and outer plies of a fuel cell must be comprised of a material possessing superior Chemical, solvent, and hydrocarbon resistance.
  • Outer fuel cell plies may be exposed to solvents, such as hydraulic fluid and lubricants. Water may condense on the outer ply as well as leak through the structure surrounding the fuel cell. Perforations in the laminate plies deeper within the fuel cell may expose the outer ply, acting as a last fuel barrier, to hydrocarbon fuel. The inner ply will constantly be exposed to hydrocarbon fuel. Additives, such as solvents, and contaminants such as water may also be present within fuel supplies and thus contact the inner ply.
  • the inner and outer ply must be resistant to all of these substances so as to prolong service life of the fuel cell, and of course, to prevent fuel leaks and potential disaster.
  • the superior solvent, hydrocarbon, and chemical resistance of the PTE based polyurethane inner and outer plies increases the projected service life of a fuel cell incorporating them.
  • polythioether polyurethane plies utilized in the present invention are simpler and less costly to construct as they may be spray, brush or spread coat applied. Furthermore, the absence of lap joints, which, as described below, are required when nitrile rubber coated fabric is utilized, decreases the likelihood of ply failure due to leaks and delamination.
  • one of the inner ply or the outer ply of a fuel cell may be comprised of a conventional nitrile rubber coated nylon fabric.
  • This fabric must, as explained above, be hand laid, whereas the polythioether polyurethane inner or outer ply is spray or brush applied.
  • Nylon fabric weights ranging from about 2 to 25 ounces per square yard are utilized in the nitrile coated nylon fabric ply. As is well known in the art, increasing fabric weight increases the strength of the ply and thus the strength of the fuel cell.
  • a nylon adhesive cement is applied between the nylon fuel barrier and either the nitrile rubber inner or outer plies so as to insure adequate bonding of the nylon fuel barrier to the nitrile rubber coated fabric.
  • a nylon fuel barrier is then spray applied onto the nylon adhesive cement so as to form the nylon fuel barrier.
  • Adhesive cement is not necessary for providing adhesion between the nylon fuel barrier ply and the polythioether inner or outer ply.
  • a first alternate preferred embodiment of the present invention additionally comprises a crashworthy fuel cell feature.
  • the crashworthy feature is provided by incorporating at least one additional nylon fabric reinforcing ply in the fuel cell, said one or more reinforcing plies located between the fuel barrier and the outer ply.
  • the outer ply itself may comprise a reinforcing polythioether polyurethane coated fabric.
  • the nylon fabric reinforcing ply may be coated with either a nitrile rubber or a polythioether polyurethane so as to increase its fuel, solvent and chemical resistance.
  • a nylon adhesive cement must be applied between the nitrile rubber and the nylon fabric in order to assure proper adhesion.
  • Fabric reinforcement of fuel cells increases the strength of each ply of the cell so reinforced.
  • the fuel cell's resistance to rupture upon impact increases while the polythioether polyurethane ply(ies) provide increased chemical, solvent, fuel, and hydrolytic resistance.
  • increasing either the number of reinforcing plies or the weight of the nylon fabric utilized in the reinforcing ply increases the tear strength of said ply and thus increases the strength of the fuel cell. It has been found that a range of fabric weight from about 2 to 25 ounces per square yard may bee utilized in the reinforcing ply.
  • a self sealing feel cell comprises an inner and outer ply, at least one of which is a polythioether polyurethane, a nylon fuel barrier located between the inner and outer plies, and at least one natural rubber coated nylon fabric ply located between the fuel barrier and the outer ply.
  • the natural rubber is of a low viscosity so as to allow the rubber to swell into and seal perforations of the coated fabric.
  • the nylon fabric may range from 2 to 25 ounces per square yard according to the strength desired.
  • a nylon adhesive is applied between the natural rubber and the nylon fabric so as to assure proper adhesion.
  • the design of the polythioether self-seal fuel cell provides for increased gun fire protection of the cell as well as incorporating the increased chemical, hydrolytic, solvent, and fuel resistance of polythioether polyurethane.
  • a third alternate preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a self-seal and crashworthy type fuel cell.
  • the self-sealing crashworthy polythioether cell comprises an inner and outer ply, at least one of which is a polythioether polyurethane, a fuel barrier located between the inner and outer plies, at least one natural rubber coated fabric ply located between the fuel barrier and the outer ply, and/or at least one reinforcing ply located between the natural rubber coated fabric and the outer ply.
  • a tool form is selected for a given fuel cell application.
  • PTE polyurethane is spray applied to the form and allowed to cure to form an inner ply.
  • the resulting inner ply is seamless and thus is less prone to rupture and leaks.
  • the nylon fuel barrier is spray applied directly on to the cured inner polythioether ply. After the fuel barrier has cured, polythioether is applied to the barrier and allowed to cure so as to form the outer ply.
  • the outer ply, thus formed, as the inner form, is a seamless ply.
  • the labor required for a spray applied inner and outer ply is far less than that required for pattern cutting and joining necessary in the prior art.
  • a prior art nitrile rubber coated nylon fabric may be substituted for either the inner or outer ply in the preferred embodiment. This would be especially desirable in larger applications subject to greater stress loads, or cells in which a maintenance worker may need to walk on the inside surface of the fuel cell in order to effect a repair.
  • Nitrile rubber coated fabric inner plies are better able to withstand such abuse than a polythioether polyurethane inner ply due to their greater tensile and tear strength.
  • use of such a prior art material requires the use of an adhesive cement as previously discussed to adequately bond the nitrile coated inner or outer ply to the nylon fuel barrier.
  • the method of the first alternate preferred embodiment provides a crashworthy cell.
  • This method additionally comprises manually applying at least one nylon fabric reinforcing ply between the nylon fuel barrier and the outer ply.
  • a nitrile rubber or polythioether polyurethane. coating may be applied to the reinforcing nylon fabric ply. If a nitrile rubber coating is utilized, a nylon cement must be applied between the reinforcing fabric and the nitrile rubber coating in order to achieve proper adhesion. An additional nylon cement layer is applied between the nitrile rubber coated nylon fabric reinforcing ply and the nylon fuel barrier in order to assure an adequate bond between these to plies.
  • At least one of the inner or outer plies is comprised of a polythioether polyurethane and thus is spray-applied.
  • the method of the first alternative preferred embodiment requires more time to place and lap a fabric reinforcing ply, the resulting fuel cells achieve greater strength.
  • the crashworthy fuel cell of the present invention requires less time than fabrication of prior art fuel cells requiring nitrile rubber-coated inner and outer plies.
  • the method of the second alternate preferred embodiment provides a self sealing cell.
  • This method requires, in addition to the method of the preferred embodiment, that a natural rubber coated nylon fabric be manually applied between the fuel barrier and the outer ply.
  • a nylon cement is utilized to assure adequate adhesion of the natural rubber to the coated nylon fabric.
  • Example 1 Two prototypes were constructed for use as a fuel cell in a missile (ETE) application.
  • the ETE bladder is a highly contoured fuel cell which contains approximately one gallon of hydrocarbon fuel.
  • the first prototype (ETE missile bladder) comprises a PTE polyurethane inner liner spray applied to a tool form to achieve a thickness of about 0.010".
  • the polythioether material was Products Research & Chemical Corporation's (PRC) PR-2911. As shown, in Table 3 below, the partial cure time for the PTE material was about 24 hours, full cure being achieved in 14 days. After adequate time was allowed for partial curing, a nylon fuel barrier, specifically, Uniroyal's 3331 material was directly spray applied to the inner liner to a thickness of .003".
  • a nylon adhesive cement Uniroyal's 3200 cement
  • a nylon adhesive cement Uniroyal's 3200 cement
  • a conventional outer ply comprising a 2 ounce (oz/yd 2 ) nylon fabric impregnated on both sides with nitrile rubber (Uniroyal's 5200 material) was manually applied to the fuel barrier to a thickness of .008".
  • the total thickness of the first prototype was .021".
  • the second prototype fuel cell (ETE missile bladder) comprised an inner ply of PTE polyurethane (PR- 2911) sprayed to a thickness of .010", a nylon fuel barrier (Uniroyal's 3331 material) sprayed directly over the inner ply to a thickness of 0.003", and an outer ply of PTE polyurethane (PR-2911) sprayed directly over the nylon barrier to a thickness of 0.010".
  • the total thickness of the second prototype was 0.023".
  • the polythioether polyurethane utilized in both prototypes was Products Research and Chemical Corporations PR-2911. Table 3 illustrates the application properties of this polythioether, while table 4 illustrates PR-2911's cured physical properties.
  • Table 3 illustrates the rather low viscosity of this PTE polyurethane that thus allows a spray application, as well as a brush or spread coat technique.
  • Example 2 Figure 1 illustrates another construction of the present invention that incorporates all of the various features that have been discussed above.
  • the fuel cell illustrated functions as a crashworthy, self sealing fuel cell.
  • a nitrile rubber coated nylon fabric ply 3 is utilized as an inner ply and functions to contain fuel contacting a fuel surface 1 of the fuel cell.
  • Two coats of nitrile rubber (butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymer) 2 are located on the fuel surface side 1 of nylon fabric 6.
  • a layer of nylon adhesive 4 provides adhesion between the 2 layers of nitrile rubber and the nylon fabric.
  • the nitrile rubber is a high viscosity material and is spread coated upon the fabric.
  • Two layers of nylon cement 8 provide adhesion for two layers of nitrile rubber 10 which are spread coated to a nylon fabric 6 proximate to a fuel barrier 11.
  • a layer of nylon cement 12 is applied to a surface of the nitrile rubber coated fabric ply 3 which contacts fuel barrier 11 in order to attain proper adhesion.
  • Fuel barrier 11 is located between the nitrile rubber coated ply 3 and a self sealing ply 19.
  • the barrier is comprised of 3 layers of a spray applied nylon material 14. The fuel barrier 11 decreases the overall permeability of the fuel cell to hydrocarbon fuel .
  • a self sealing ply 19 is located between the nylon fuel barrier and a reinforcing ply 29.
  • the self sealing ply is comprised of a natural rubber layer 16 located on the surface of the self sealing ply proximate the fuel barrier 11, and a natural rubber layer 24 proximate to a reinforcing ply 29.
  • Two layers of nylon cement, 18 and 22 provide adhesion between the natural rubber layers and nylon fabric 20.
  • a reinforcing ply 29 is comprised of two layers of nitrile rubber, 26 and 34, which provide additional fuel and ozone resistance to the fuel cell.
  • the nitrile rubber adheres to a nylon fabric layer 30 by means of a nylon cement, 28 and 32, said fabric increasing the tear and tensile strength of the fuel cell.
  • a seamless outer ply is provided by a spray applied polythioether polyurethane 36.
  • the outer ply provides resistance to solvents, chemicals, hydrocarbon fuel and water, as well as resisting handling abrasion.
  • the inner ply 3 may alternatively be provided by a spray applied polythioether polyurethane, if desired.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

Une cellule à combustible comprend une couche interne (3), une couche externe (36), dont au moins l'une est un polythioéther polyuréthane, et une barrière de combustible (11) située entre la couche interne et la couche externe. La cellule à combustible peut en outre comprendre au moins un tissu (19) revêtu de caoutchouc de faible viscosité procurant à la cellule à combustible des caractéristiques d'autoéchantéité. Au moins une couche de renforcement supplémentaire en matière textile (29) peut être incorporée pour renforcer la cellule à combustible.
PCT/US1991/009544 1990-12-20 1991-12-20 Cellule a combustible au polythioether polyurethane WO1992011186A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US63289990A 1990-12-20 1990-12-20
US632,899 1990-12-20

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1992011186A1 true WO1992011186A1 (fr) 1992-07-09

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PCT/US1991/009544 WO1992011186A1 (fr) 1990-12-20 1991-12-20 Cellule a combustible au polythioether polyurethane

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WO (1) WO1992011186A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008137198A1 (fr) * 2007-05-01 2008-11-13 Prc-Desoto International, Inc. Compositions comprenant un poly(thioéther)
US9597848B1 (en) 2012-05-25 2017-03-21 Robertson Fuel Systems Llc Method and system for forming a self-sealing volume
US9802476B1 (en) 2012-05-25 2017-10-31 Robertson Fuel Systems, Llc Method and system for forming a self-sealing volume using a breather system
US10414269B2 (en) * 2014-02-19 2019-09-17 Floats and Fuel Cells, Inc. Hydrocarbon storage vessels
US10994464B1 (en) 2014-08-07 2021-05-04 Robertson Fuel Systems, L.L.C. Method and system for forming a self-sealing volume with an aqueous polyurethane dispersion layer

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU678394B2 (en) * 1992-10-27 1997-05-29 Bluepak Supplies Limited Improvements in and relating to secondary confinement systems

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US2594235A (en) * 1946-06-24 1952-04-22 Wingfoot Corp Gasoline container
US2779702A (en) * 1953-07-01 1957-01-29 Firestone Tire & Rubber Co Fuel cell supporting panel
US3951190A (en) * 1972-01-04 1976-04-20 Goodyear Aerospace Corporation Heat-resistant fuel cell
US4345698A (en) * 1980-03-25 1982-08-24 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Aircraft self-sealing fuel tank
US4366307A (en) * 1980-12-04 1982-12-28 Products Research & Chemical Corp. Liquid polythioethers
US4631225A (en) * 1984-03-06 1986-12-23 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Rubberized fabric

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2594235A (en) * 1946-06-24 1952-04-22 Wingfoot Corp Gasoline container
US2779702A (en) * 1953-07-01 1957-01-29 Firestone Tire & Rubber Co Fuel cell supporting panel
US3951190A (en) * 1972-01-04 1976-04-20 Goodyear Aerospace Corporation Heat-resistant fuel cell
US4345698A (en) * 1980-03-25 1982-08-24 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Aircraft self-sealing fuel tank
US4366307A (en) * 1980-12-04 1982-12-28 Products Research & Chemical Corp. Liquid polythioethers
US4631225A (en) * 1984-03-06 1986-12-23 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Rubberized fabric

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008137198A1 (fr) * 2007-05-01 2008-11-13 Prc-Desoto International, Inc. Compositions comprenant un poly(thioéther)
JP2010526173A (ja) * 2007-05-01 2010-07-29 ピーアールシー−デソト インターナショナル，インコーポレイティド ポリチオエーテルを含むシーラント組成物
US7879955B2 (en) 2007-05-01 2011-02-01 Rao Chandra B Compositions including a polythioether
US9597848B1 (en) 2012-05-25 2017-03-21 Robertson Fuel Systems Llc Method and system for forming a self-sealing volume
US9802476B1 (en) 2012-05-25 2017-10-31 Robertson Fuel Systems, Llc Method and system for forming a self-sealing volume using a breather system
US10549470B1 (en) 2012-05-25 2020-02-04 Robertson Fuel Systems, L.L.C. Method and system for forming a self-sealing volume
US11065953B1 (en) 2012-05-25 2021-07-20 Robertson Fuel Systems, L.L.C. Method and system for forming a self-sealing volume using a breather system
US10414269B2 (en) * 2014-02-19 2019-09-17 Floats and Fuel Cells, Inc. Hydrocarbon storage vessels
US10994464B1 (en) 2014-08-07 2021-05-04 Robertson Fuel Systems, L.L.C. Method and system for forming a self-sealing volume with an aqueous polyurethane dispersion layer

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