+

WO1992009398A1 - Depot d'un materiau sur un substrat - Google Patents

Depot d'un materiau sur un substrat Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1992009398A1
WO1992009398A1 PCT/GB1991/002087 GB9102087W WO9209398A1 WO 1992009398 A1 WO1992009398 A1 WO 1992009398A1 GB 9102087 W GB9102087 W GB 9102087W WO 9209398 A1 WO9209398 A1 WO 9209398A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
substrate
groove
consumable
deposited
deposit
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB1991/002087
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Wayne Morris Thomas
Edward David Nicholas
Original Assignee
The Welding Institute
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by The Welding Institute filed Critical The Welding Institute
Priority to JP4500050A priority Critical patent/JPH06503037A/ja
Publication of WO1992009398A1 publication Critical patent/WO1992009398A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C26/00—Coating not provided for in groups C23C2/00 - C23C24/00
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
    • B23K20/1215—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding for other purposes than joining, e.g. built-up welding

Definitions

  • the invention relates to methods of depositing a material onto a substrate comprising the step of causing t relative frictional movement between the substrate and a
  • Friction surfacing is used in particular for applying hard facing materials onto blades and farm machinery as described by Vavilov and Voinov in Friction Welding, 1964, pages 7,8, 98 and 99. Recently, friction surfacing methods have been developed enabling a wide variety of materials to
  • FR-A-1365426 addresses the problem of providing a
  • surfacing by frictional means is well established for a variety of metals, alloys and composites with deposition ranging in thickness from about 0.1 mm to
  • Deposits can be made on flat or simple curved surfaces or 35 in recesses in the plane of the substrate against which the consumable member is pressed to generate heat by relative movement either rotational or oscillatory.
  • a fundamental problem with this process is the lack of bond or reduced quality of bond produced towards the edges of the deposit. This is largely due to the lack of pressure at the outer edges of the plasticised zone (irrespective of the load applied to the consumable member) and the relative velocity of its movement with respect to the substrate.
  • the deposit with a circular consumable member 1 of diameter 10 or 15 mm rotating at 1000-1500 rpm provides a deposit 2 of which 25% is not well bonded to the substrate 3. This is normally cut off or not utilised. Even when the deposit is laid in a groove 4 with chamfered sides, the bonding at the edges is inferior to the bonding in the central region ( Figure 2A) .
  • the deposited material either does not fill the groove (as shown in Figure 2A) or, if it does, it can as illustrated in Figure 2B spill over on the upper edges, again with reduced or no bonding between the deposit and the substrate in these regions.
  • the deposit is machined or ground, and often considerably reduced in thickness in order to provide a uniform layer albeit at the cost of wasting a significant proportion which may be as great as 30% or more of the material deposited.
  • a method of depositing a material onto a substrate comprises placing the substrate on a mould having a groove; and causing relative frictional movement between the substrate and the consumable of the material while urging the consumable onto the substrate and against the mould to generate a plasticised layer of the material, wherein the urging action causes the substrate to deform in the thickness direction into a groove shape, the material being deposited in the groove thus formed.
  • an effective bond is produced substantially throughout the deposit by shaping the deposit and substrate as the deposit is being made. This also reduces the amount of material wasted (compared with that normally experienced) .
  • the groove will be double sided although in some cases, an open sided groove could be formed.
  • the method typically further comprises causing relative traverse movement between the consumable and the substrate whereby material is deposited along an elongate groove.
  • the relative frictional movement between the consumable and the substrate can take any known form including one or a combination of rotation, orbital movement, and linear oscillatory movement. Examples of different types of relative frictional movement are described in EP-A-0434430 and EP-A-337691.
  • a common application of friction surfacing is in tool tipping (e.g. providing hard facings on blades) , or manufacture of punches and dies, in which a suitable hard material is deposited onto a suitable substrate which is subsequently machined or ground to the desired profile.
  • tool tipping e.g. providing hard facings on blades
  • punches and dies in which a suitable hard material is deposited onto a suitable substrate which is subsequently machined or ground to the desired profile.
  • a method of depositing a material onto a substrate comprises causing relative frictional movement between the substrate and a consumable of the material while urging the consumable onto the substrate to generate a plasticised layer of the material, the material being deposited into a groove having opposed sides in the substrate; and removing part of the substrate including one of the opposed sides of the groove to expose part of the deposited material.
  • this method enables post machining to be avoided by removing part of the substrate and possibly also part of the deposited material to expose part of the remaining deposited material.
  • Removal of the substrate (and deposited material) can be achieved simply by cutting or splitting the deposit and substrate.
  • the substrate is in two parts whereby one of the parts can be removed after the depositing process thus revealing part of the deposit.
  • the part of the substrate removed will be shaped so that the exposed part of the deposit has the required shape without post machining being necessary.
  • the invention is applicable for use with any pair of materials which have been bonded by friction surfacing in the past.
  • the depositing of material into a groove of the substrate can be carried out using a method according to the first aspect of the invention.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic cross-section through one conventional deposit
  • Figures 2A and 2B illustrate cross-sections through two further conventional deposits
  • Figure 3 illustrates a first example according to the invention
  • Figure 4 illustrates a second example according to the invention which makes use of a sacrificial support
  • Figure 5 illustrates a third example of the invention similar to that shown in Figure 4 but with a shaped, sacrificial support
  • Figure 6 illustrates a fourth example according to the invention for manufacturing a pair of blades
  • Figure 7 illustrates a fifth example of the invention for providing hard facings on a pair of previously formed blades
  • Figure 8 is a plan of the blades used in Figure 7 prior to the deposit step
  • Figure 9 illustrates a modified form of the Figure 7 example.
  • Figure 10 illustrates a sixth example of the invention in which a groove is formed in a substrate during the surfacing process;
  • Figure 11 illustrates the substrate of Figure 9 after the deposit process; and, Figure 12 illustrates the formation of a double edged blade.
  • a substrate 4 with a typical thickness of 5-10 mm has a preformed groove 5 formed in it, the groove 5 having a substantially 45° chamfered edge 6 along one side and a shallower, typically 20° chamfered edge 7 along the opposite side.
  • a friction surfacing process is then carried out in a conventional manner to deposit material 8 into the groove 5 by relatively rotating a consumable member (not shown) which is urged under pressure into the groove 5 while laying down material in the groove.
  • the consumable diameter is similar to the groove dimension so material can be laid down in a single pass.
  • the resulting deposit is automatically moulded or shaped by the form of the groove into the desired shape so that if a section 9 of the substrate 4 having a surface including the edge 7 of the groove and cut along a dashed line 9' is subsequently removed, the deposit 8 is exposed and already has the required shaped edge and is thus suitable as the edge of a blade, for example, after grinding or sharpening.
  • the extremity 30 of the substrate/deposit bond is in a region spaced from the original outer edge of the deposit and thus provides a strong bond.
  • the groove is elongate (being shown in cross-section in the drawings) , the consumable and substrate undergoing relative lateral movement so that a deposit is laid down along the groove.
  • section 9 initially forms an integral part of the substrate 4.
  • a separate ceramic or sacrificial member 10 is : mounted alongside the substrate 4 to define an open side of the groove 5.
  • the support 10 is preferably formed of a material which is not metallurgically bonded to the deposit 8.
  • the deposit 8 bonds well to the substrate 4 up to the extremity of the substrate, since this is positioned in the region of high applied pressure from the plasticised zone due to the applied load on the consumable member. Regions of reduced pressure and hence reduced bonding would occur further to the extremity, but in this case are not relevant since the support material 10, (such as ceramic) is utilised which does not readily bond to the material deposited.
  • the support material such as ceramic
  • a high strength high temperature alloy may be used such as a monel alloy which, for normal hard facing materials such as tool steel and stellite, does not readily bond to the deposit during friction surfacing.
  • the further support material 10' can be of slightly reduced thickness in this region and furthermore may comprise a retaining wall or chamfer 11 (see Figure 5) to help maintain reasonable pressure towards the extremity of the deposit on to the substrate.
  • a retaining wall or chamfer 11 see Figure 5
  • Figure 6 illustrates a further example which is particularly suitable for dies and punches and the like, and which may also be adapted for blades and cutting edges.
  • a substrate 12 is provided which is substantially symmetric about a plane 13 and has an elongate double sided groove 14 positioned centrally about the plane 13.
  • Material 8 is deposited in the groove 14 using a conventional friction surfacing method.
  • the substrate 12 and deposit 8 are split into halves along the plane 13 so as to generate a pair of separate blades.
  • One of the main advantages of this technique is that the edges of the punches or blades which are produced arise from the central region of the deposit 8 which is of the highest quality in terms of bond strength and microstructure.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates a variant of Figure 6 in which a pair of substrates 15,16 of similar form are brought together and abut along a line 17. Each substrate 15,16 has an elongate, open sided groove 18,19 respectively. This arrangement is shown in plan form in Figure 8. The butted blades 15,16 are then provided with a deposit in the resultant, double sided groove in a similar manner to that shown in Figure 6.
  • Figure 9 illustrates a modification of the Figure 7 embodiment in which a ceramic insert 20 extends between the substrates 15,16. This assists in separating the blades following the deposition of material.
  • a channel or groove 21 having a depth of 5mm for example and a width (as seen in Figure 10) of say 30 mm is formed in a mould 22 which supports a substrate 23 having a thickness of 4mm.
  • the consumable (not shown) with a diameter of about 25mm is urged onto the upper surface of the substrate 23 in the region spanning the groove 21 so that the relatively thin substrate 23 is caused to deform and bend into the groove or channel 21 so as to form a grooved substrate 23 • ( Figure 11) with deposited material 24 in the groove.
  • the : bond quality of the edges of the deposit is enhanced by further bending action enforced on the substrate 23 particularly onto the sloping sides of the groove so formed.
  • This arrangement may be used for double ended components as shown in Figure 7 or to provide shaped deposits with better quality bonds at their outer extremities than found with friction surfacing with the preformed substrate. This also provides for more economic manufacture since the substrate itself does not require pre-machining and only the mould is appropriately machined but is utilised repetitively for further components.
  • FIG. 10 and 11 can be used in particular for providing hard facings on double edged blades as shown in Figure 12.
  • a mould (not shown) will be provided having an open ended groove conforming to a groove 25 in the finished blade.
  • a substrate 26 is then laid onto the mould and the friction surfacing operation performed in a manner similar to that described with reference to Figures 10 and 11. In this way, a deposit 27 is formed in the groove 25 produced in the substrate 26.
  • the substrate 26 is then inverted and the process repeated so that a deposit 28 is formed in a groove 29.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
  • Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention se rapporte à des procédés servant à déposer un matériau sur un substrat. Selon un exemple, le procédé consiste à placer le substrat (23) sur un moule (22) pourvu d'une rainure (21); et à produire un mouvement de frottement relatif entre le substrat (23) et l'élément consommable du matériau alors que cet élément consommable est poussé sur le substrat et contre le moule (22) afin qu'une couche plastifiée du matériau soit produite. Sous l'action de poussée, le substrat (23) se déforme sur son épaisseur en une forme de rainure et le matériau se dépose alors dans la rainure ainsi formée.
PCT/GB1991/002087 1990-11-27 1991-11-26 Depot d'un materiau sur un substrat WO1992009398A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP4500050A JPH06503037A (ja) 1990-11-27 1991-11-26 基板の物質埋込方法

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9025696.7 1990-11-27
GB909025696A GB9025696D0 (en) 1990-11-27 1990-11-27 Friction surfacing with in-process forging/forming

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1992009398A1 true WO1992009398A1 (fr) 1992-06-11

Family

ID=10686007

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB1991/002087 WO1992009398A1 (fr) 1990-11-27 1991-11-26 Depot d'un materiau sur un substrat

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0559704A1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH06503037A (fr)
GB (1) GB9025696D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO1992009398A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8020748B2 (en) 2006-09-12 2011-09-20 Toso SMD, Inc. Sputtering target assembly and method of making same
CN105358285A (zh) * 2014-01-28 2016-02-24 日本轻金属株式会社 摩擦搅拌接合方法

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1018412A (en) * 1963-05-31 1966-01-26 Valentin Dmitrievich Voznesens Welding
US3537172A (en) * 1967-08-21 1970-11-03 Valentin Dmitrievich Voznesens Method of friction welding
WO1987004957A1 (fr) * 1986-02-17 1987-08-27 Friction Technology Limited Procede de formation de surfaces dures de contact sur des materiaux
WO1990002015A1 (fr) * 1988-08-30 1990-03-08 Frictec Limited Procede d'application de revetements durs sur des materiaux

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1018412A (en) * 1963-05-31 1966-01-26 Valentin Dmitrievich Voznesens Welding
US3537172A (en) * 1967-08-21 1970-11-03 Valentin Dmitrievich Voznesens Method of friction welding
WO1987004957A1 (fr) * 1986-02-17 1987-08-27 Friction Technology Limited Procede de formation de surfaces dures de contact sur des materiaux
WO1990002015A1 (fr) * 1988-08-30 1990-03-08 Frictec Limited Procede d'application de revetements durs sur des materiaux

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8020748B2 (en) 2006-09-12 2011-09-20 Toso SMD, Inc. Sputtering target assembly and method of making same
US8235277B2 (en) 2006-09-12 2012-08-07 Tosoh Smd, Inc. Sputtering target assembly and method of making same
CN105358285A (zh) * 2014-01-28 2016-02-24 日本轻金属株式会社 摩擦搅拌接合方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH06503037A (ja) 1994-04-07
GB9025696D0 (en) 1991-01-09
EP0559704A1 (fr) 1993-09-15

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
RU2319607C2 (ru) Режущий инструмент с имеющей канавку режущей кромкой
EP0030606B1 (fr) Fabrication de fibres métalliques courtes
US5147082A (en) Tool configuration for ultrasonic welding
US10160127B2 (en) Method of manufacturing of cutting knives using direct metal deposition
DE102006010916A1 (de) Verfahren zur Bearbeitung von Oberflächen einer Beschichtung aus hartem Kohlenstoff
JP2005119320A (ja) 鋸刃
KR20120134053A (ko) 기계적 거칠기화를 위한 도구 및 방법
CN1026673C (zh) 用于划割玻璃的轮轴整体式切割轮和切割刀具
JP3200665B2 (ja) 溝加工用フライスカッタ
WO1992009398A1 (fr) Depot d'un materiau sur un substrat
DE10216408C5 (de) Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Schneidwerkzeuges
FR2561149A1 (fr) Fraise en carbure de tungstene ou materiau analogue
JPH02107806A (ja) 層材料からなるスラスト滑り軸受及びその製作方法
US5193311A (en) Tools for working non-metallic hard materials
DE202006002827U1 (de) Schneidwerkzeug
EP0431018A1 (fr) Procede d'application de revetements durs sur des materiaux
JPH0460768B2 (fr)
AT500865A1 (de) Schneidplatte mit strukturierten flächen
DE102016105847A1 (de) Schneidkörper und Schneidwerkzeug
SU1742020A1 (ru) Способ изготовлени режущих пластин с износостойким покрытием
JP7535353B1 (ja) 金属切断用丸鋸のチップおよびその製造方法
EP0405640B1 (fr) Outil pour travailler des matériaux non métalliques durs
JPH0623375Y2 (ja) エンドミル
RU2133663C1 (ru) Способ восстановления поршней
RU2001103054A (ru) Способ изготовления режущей пластинки для обработки металлических инструментов резанием

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): JP US

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB GR IT LU NL SE

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 1991920582

Country of ref document: EP

WWP Wipo information: published in national office

Ref document number: 1991920582

Country of ref document: EP

WWW Wipo information: withdrawn in national office

Ref document number: 1991920582

Country of ref document: EP

点击 这是indexloc提供的php浏览器服务，不要输入任何密码和下载