WO1992008350A1 - Procedes de protection et de traitement de plantes exposees a des temperatures froides - Google Patents
Procedes de protection et de traitement de plantes exposees a des temperatures froides Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1992008350A1 WO1992008350A1 PCT/US1991/008203 US9108203W WO9208350A1 WO 1992008350 A1 WO1992008350 A1 WO 1992008350A1 US 9108203 W US9108203 W US 9108203W WO 9208350 A1 WO9208350 A1 WO 9208350A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- chilling
- plants
- protectant composition
- aqueous solution
- plant tissue
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- BSYVTEYKTMYBMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1CCCO1 BSYVTEYKTMYBMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000001089 [(2R)-oxolan-2-yl]methanol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- YNOGYQAEJGADFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxolan-2-ylmethanamine Chemical compound NCC1CCCO1 YNOGYQAEJGADFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229920001213 Polysorbate 20 Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000256 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000010486 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000010482 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000053 polysorbate 80 Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000244 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 abstract description 29
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 abstract description 29
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 101
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 21
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 6
- 240000008067 Cucumis sativus Species 0.000 description 5
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- XPFVYQJUAUNWIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N furfuryl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CO1 XPFVYQJUAUNWIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000010799 Cucumis sativus var sativus Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000722363 Piper Species 0.000 description 2
- 240000003768 Solanum lycopersicum Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000012055 fruits and vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000000266 injurious effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000227653 Lycopersicon Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007688 Lycopersicon esculentum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000061323 Lycopersicon pimpinellifolium Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000001140 Mimosa pudica Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004320 controlled atmosphere Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004292 cyclic ethers Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000003436 cytoskeletal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001086 cytosolic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011981 development test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000013401 experimental design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008147 floral bud development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012239 gene modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005017 genetic modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013617 genetically modified food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003054 hormonal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003473 lipid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017074 necrotic cell death Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003138 primary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 108091006091 regulatory enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003442 weekly effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/06—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings
- A01N43/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings with oxygen as the ring hetero atom
Definitions
- This invention relates to compositions and methods for protecting plants from damage due to exposure to cold but non-freezing temperatures (chilling temperatures) . Furthermore, this invention relates to compositions and methods to help plants recover from chilling injuries.
- Chilling injury is a term used to describe the physiological damage that occurs in many plants and plant commodities as a result of exposure to a chilling temperature. Such injuries lead to significant destruction of produce quality and quantities, delay in growing, blooming and fruit bearing, and in the worst case, destroying and killing the plants exposed. For example, in the far east oriental countries, more often than not, early spring chill has been the major cause of reduction in rice production. The result is a concomittant financial loss for producers, processors and consumers.
- compositions and methods for protecting plants and plant tissues from damage due to chilling temperatures, and for promoting recovery of plants from chilling injuries are provided.
- An aqueous solution containing an effective amount of a chilling protectant component is applied to plant surfaces and tissues immediately before and/or after the exposure to the chilling temperature.
- the solution preferably includes between about 0.005 and about 25 wt. % of a chilling protectant selected from the group consisting of tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol, tetrahydrofurfuryl amine and mixtures thereof.
- a plant chilling-protectant that increases the chilling hardiness of plants and plant tissue.
- Another object of this invention is the provision of a plant chilling-protectant composition which is relatively inexpensive, non-toxic, water washable, and environmentally acceptable.
- chilling refers to temperatures which are above freezing, but which are sufficiently low as to cause or potentially cause damage to plants and/or plant tissues.
- the present invention provides compositions and methods which can reduce chilling injuries and/or assist plants in recovering from such injuries.
- a plant chilling-protectant composition which comprises an aqueous solution containing a chilling-protectant component selected from the group consisting of tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol, tetrahydrofurfuryl amine, and mixtures thereof.
- the composition comprises an aqueous solution comprising between about 0.005 and about 25 wt. % of the chilling-protectant component, and most preferably comprises between about 0.05 and about 5 wt. % of the chilling-protectant component. It has also been discovered that the plant chilling-protectant composition is effective in promoting a recovery of plants from chilling injuries.
- Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol is a colorless, high boiling, primary alcohol having the following structure:
- Tetrahydrofurfuryl amine is a colorless, high boiling, primary amine having the following structure:
- Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol is produced by hydrogenation of furfuryl alcohol and is marketed under the name THFA. As expected on the basis of its structure, tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol exhibits behavior characteristics of both alcohol and ethers. Due to its cyclic ether structure, ' ⁇ tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol possesses distinctly unique solvent properties which are desirable, such as being:
- the resistance of plants and plant tissues to low, but non-freezing temperatures, is increased for limited periods through the application of the chilling-protectant compositions of this invention by spraying or dipping.
- the chilling-protectant composition is applied at ambient temperatures, i.e., at temperatures of the air surrounding the plant or plant tissue above a chilling temperature.
- any suitable plant spray apparatus suitable for aqueous solutions may be employed.
- the plants to be treated are thoroughly sprayed so that all of the plant tissue surfaces are substantially covered. Due to the size or shape of a plant, an application may require two or more sprayings.
- the chilling-protectant compositions may be formulated and supplied to the user in concentrated form and diluted to the desired strength prior to application to the plant. No special handling or mixing steps are required.
- THFA and tetrahydrofurfuryl amine are stable in aqueous solution. Moreover, these compositions are stable to light and do not need to be stored in an opaque container nor prepared immediately prior to application.
- the chilling-protectant compositions include non-ionic surfactants. Suitable surfactants operate as penetrating agents and otherwise may be inert, or at least non-interfering, components. For example, two different surfactants, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate (Tween 20) and polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate (Tween 80) have been found to improve the wetability of the compositions and thereby improve their effectiveness in appropriate circumstances. When non-ionic surfactants are used, it is preferred that the chilling-protectant composition contain between about 0.005 and about 0.5 wt.% of the non-ionic surfactant.
- the chilling-protectant compositions of this invention may be applied to the plants from immediately prior to 24 hours prior to exposure to chilling conditions, it is preferred that the composition be applied about one week prior thereto. Moreover, for optimal results it is preferred that the chilling-protectant compositions be repeatedly applied prior to the onset of chilling temperatures, the first application being made between about several days and about one week prior to the onset of application. The second application is then preferably made a sufficient period prior to the onset of chilling temperatures to permit absorption of the composition, e.g., at least about four hours. For additional protection, the chilling-protectant compositions may be applied immediately after the chilling exposure to help plants recover from any chilling injuries that are incurred.
- chilling-protectant compositions For maximum protection during the early spring frost and chilling seasons, it may be desirable to apply the chilling-protectant compositions weekly to minimize any damage that might be caused by a sustained low temperature, and to maximize recovery from any injury received. Nevertheless, due to this agent's high penetrability into some plant tissues, it may be possible to apply the inventive compositions during the cold snap.
- the common bean, cucumber, tomato and pepper plants were tested.
- the plants were raised from seed and grown either in a greenhouse or in a growth chamber.
- the temperature of the greenhouse was about 20 to 24 °C, day/night, without supplement of light.
- the temperature of the growth chamber was 25/18 °C, day/night, with 14 hours light (450
- the groups comprised: (a) control (without treatment and without low-temperature exposure) , (b) plants treated with the antichilling agent but with no low temperature exposure, and (c) plants treated with the antichilling agent and exposed to low temperatures, including a subgroup of plants that had been exposed to critical temperatures.
- Flowering dates were recorded. Plant heights were measured 10, 20, 25, 30, 40, 45 and/or 60 days after treatments. Plants were cut at the soil line, and fresh and dry weights were taken 40-50 days after treatments, depending on the growth periods of plant species.
- the Common Bean, cv. BBL47 The common bean is a chilling sensitive plant species. The plants will be injured or killed after exposure to chilling temperatures such as 3-4 °C for some time. Beans were sprayed with antichilling agent at the age of primary leaf. After 24 hours treatment at room temperature, they were transferred to a cold room at 3-4 °C. As shown in Table 1, the antichilling agents of the present invention showed significant protection of the bean seedlings from chilling stress, especially to those that were exposed to chilling for 2-3 days. The antichilling agents appear to protect the meristem and thus lead to better growth and development during post stress periods.
- Concentrations (0.05, 0.10 and 0.25% aqueous solutions of tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol plus 0.12% Tween 20) all showed protection. Concentrations as low as 0.005 wt.% and as high as 25 wt.% also are effective in treating plants. The optimum concentrations appear to be between about 0.05% and 0.25%.
- treated plants showed faster growth with longer internodes, and earlier flowering with more pod set.
- treated plants chilled at 3-4 °C for 1 day and grown 20 days in the greenhouse, were 4-6 cm higher in plant height and 5-6 days earlier in flowering than the controls. After 4 days of chilling, treated plants had about 75-100% survival and controls were all dead, and the treated plants were able to recover to normal growth. After 6 days chilling, treated plants had about 50% survival as compared to zero survival for the controls .
- Tomato plants were treated with the antichilling agents at room temperature when the plants had 4-6 leaves.
- the plants were chilled (3-4 °C) for 24 hours after the treatment at room temperature.
- 4-6 days of chilling although differences in plant height were not observed between controls and treated plants during the first 36 days of post stress growth, a significant difference showed in flowering and fruit bearing dates.
- plants treated with 0.05% aqueous solution of tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol and chilled for 4 days showed 100% flowering and started to bear fruit 36 days after the stress.
- the controls had no flowering.
- the time difference in flowering was about 7 days between controls and treated plants as listed in Table 2.
- the antichilling agents of the present invention also showed significant protection of cucumber plants from chilling exposure.
- Cucumber plants were treated with 0.05, 0.10, and 0.25% aqueous solution of tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol at room temperature. After 24 hours setting out at room temperature, the plants were transferred to a cold room and chilled at 3-4 °C for 2 days. The plants were transferred back to a greenhouse and post-stress growth and development were observed as listed in Table 3.
- the controls also reported in Table 3 were plants that were chilled without treatment. After 15 days growth, the treated plants had a survival rate of 100%, compared with 50% for the controls. After 30 days growth, the number of leaves and fruit, and the size of the leaves of the treated plants (0.05 and 0.10%) clearly exceeded those of the control plants.
- Pepper plants at the 3-leaves stage were chilled at 3-4 °C day/night for 2, 4 and 6 days.
- the chilling exposure delayed flowering and arrested the growth of terminal flower buds. After 2 days of chilling, flowering was delayed somewhat. However, there was no significant difference in terminal flower buds development as compared to the non-chilled controls. After 4 days chilling, the number of terminal flower buds was significantly reduced as compared to the 2 day chilled plants. Plants, after 6 days of chilling, had no terminal flower buds.
- Plants treated with THFA showed significant protection from the chilling injury in terms of the terminal flower bud development, total numbers of fruit, and yield as shown in Table 4.
- the antichilling agents include: l. tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol dissolved in deionized (DI) water to make 0.05% and 0.5% THFA aqueous solutions; 2. 0.12 parts of a surfactant, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate (Tween 20) and 0.05 - 0.5 parts tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol dissolved in 99.38 - 99.83 parts DI water to make an aqueous 0.05 - 0.5% THFA + 0.12% Tween 20 solution; 3.
- DI deionized
- Treatment with the inventive compositions of plants which have already received chilling injuries can also lead to plant recovery and improved plant growth. Chilling injured plants which are treated immediately following exposure to the injurious chilling temperatures displayed better growth and development than untreated plants.
- Bean plants were first chilled for 3 days. Thirty minutes to one hour after removal from injurious chilling temperature, the plants were sprayed with 0.05 % THFA. After 2 to 3 days of growth in the greenhouse, the plants sprayed with THFA showed much better recovery from the chilling injury than the control (the chilled plants sprayed with water plus Tween-20) . The treated plants showed normal green leaves with better growth than the controls which showed necrosis. The controls had late flowering, less flowers, less pod sets and lower yield. Data of the observations are shown in Table 6.
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
Procédés de protection des tissus de plantes contre une détérioration lors d'une exposition à des températures froides, et d'aide des tissus de plantes à se remettre des lésions dues à l'exposition au froid, consistant à appliquer une dose efficace de compositions protégeant contre le froid sélectionnées dans le groupe composé d'alcool de tétrahydrofurfuryle, d'amine de tétrahydrofurfuryle et de leurs mélanges. On applique les compositions sous la forme de solutions aqueuses contenant entre environ 0,005 et environ 25 % en poids des compositions protégeant contre le froid.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US61323190A | 1990-11-14 | 1990-11-14 | |
| US613,231 | 1990-11-14 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1992008350A1 true WO1992008350A1 (fr) | 1992-05-29 |
Family
ID=24456429
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/US1991/008203 WO1992008350A1 (fr) | 1990-11-14 | 1991-11-05 | Procedes de protection et de traitement de plantes exposees a des temperatures froides |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU8930191A (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO1992008350A1 (fr) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5981747A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1999-11-09 | Carnegie Mellon University | Monomethine cyanines rigidized by a two-carbon chain |
| WO2002051811A1 (fr) * | 2000-12-22 | 2002-07-04 | Sinnex Muszaki Fejleszto És Tanácsadó Kft. | Derives d'acide acetique pour augmenter la tolerance au stress abiotique des plantes cultivees |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4886543A (en) * | 1988-07-07 | 1989-12-12 | Great Lakes Chemical Corporation | Cryoprotectant composition |
-
1991
- 1991-11-05 WO PCT/US1991/008203 patent/WO1992008350A1/fr active Application Filing
- 1991-11-05 AU AU89301/91A patent/AU8930191A/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4886543A (en) * | 1988-07-07 | 1989-12-12 | Great Lakes Chemical Corporation | Cryoprotectant composition |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| STN International, File CA, Chemical Abstracts, volume 113, No. 3, 16 July 1990, (Columbus, Ohio, US), M. Yatagai et al: "By-products of wood carbonization. VI. Germination and growth effects of wood vinegar components and their homologs on plant seeds. Alcohols and phenols", abstract 19343n, & Mokuzai Gakkaishi, 35(11), 1021-8, 1989 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5981747A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1999-11-09 | Carnegie Mellon University | Monomethine cyanines rigidized by a two-carbon chain |
| US5986093A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1999-11-16 | Carnegie Mellon University | Monomethine cyanines rigidized by a two-carbon chain |
| WO2002051811A1 (fr) * | 2000-12-22 | 2002-07-04 | Sinnex Muszaki Fejleszto És Tanácsadó Kft. | Derives d'acide acetique pour augmenter la tolerance au stress abiotique des plantes cultivees |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU8930191A (en) | 1992-06-11 |
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