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WO1992001919A1 - Coloration automatique des tissus pour immunohistochimie - Google Patents

Coloration automatique des tissus pour immunohistochimie Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1992001919A1
WO1992001919A1 PCT/AU1991/000170 AU9100170W WO9201919A1 WO 1992001919 A1 WO1992001919 A1 WO 1992001919A1 AU 9100170 W AU9100170 W AU 9100170W WO 9201919 A1 WO9201919 A1 WO 9201919A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fluid
slide
sample
flow
support means
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AU1991/000170
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Kevin Healey
Graham Leslie Baxter
Original Assignee
Australian Biomedical Corporation Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Australian Biomedical Corporation Ltd. filed Critical Australian Biomedical Corporation Ltd.
Priority to JP3508100A priority Critical patent/JPH06504115A/ja
Publication of WO1992001919A1 publication Critical patent/WO1992001919A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/34—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl
    • B05B1/3405—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl
    • B05B1/341—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet
    • B05B1/3421—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet with channels emerging substantially tangentially in the swirl chamber
    • B05B1/3431—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet with channels emerging substantially tangentially in the swirl chamber the channels being formed at the interface of cooperating elements, e.g. by means of grooves
    • B05B1/3436—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet with channels emerging substantially tangentially in the swirl chamber the channels being formed at the interface of cooperating elements, e.g. by means of grooves the interface being a plane perpendicular to the outlet axis
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G01N1/30—Staining; Impregnating ; Fixation; Dehydration; Multistep processes for preparing samples of tissue, cell or nucleic acid material and the like for analysis
    • G01N1/31—Apparatus therefor
    • G01N1/312—Apparatus therefor for samples mounted on planar substrates
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G01N1/30—Staining; Impregnating ; Fixation; Dehydration; Multistep processes for preparing samples of tissue, cell or nucleic acid material and the like for analysis
    • G01N1/31—Apparatus therefor
    • G01N2001/317—Apparatus therefor spraying liquids onto surfaces

Definitions

  • This invention relates to iraraunohistochemistry, and in particular relates to apparatus for automatically staining tissue sections, or cell preparations.
  • Histochemistry is a branch of biochemistry devoted to the study of the chemical composition and structure of animal and plant tissues. It involves the use of microscopic, x-ray diffraction and radioactive tracer techniques in examining the cellular composition and structure of bones, blood, muscle and other animal and vegetable tissues.
  • Immunohistochemistry is useful for directly viewing the cellular distribution of a molecule (marker) using labelled antibodies or other ligands including nucleic acid probes.
  • Labels include enzymes, radioisotopes and fluorescent molecules.
  • the technique can be applied to whole cells, for example for identification of lymphomas (white blood cell cancers) or to tissue sections, for example for cancer diagnosis.
  • the specific (or primary) antibody may be labelled directly. Alternatively and more often, a second antibody carrying the label is used to specifically bind to the first. Also, the tissue may require pretreatment to reveal the marker of interest (enzymic) or to remove non-specific effects.
  • a manual technique currently utilised for staining tissue involves a skilled technician performing all operations manually.
  • the slides are washed with a buffer stream from a hand- operated dispensing bottle.
  • the slides are then cleared of liquid by being set vertically to drain, and wiped around the specimen with paper towel material.
  • the biochemical agent delivery is via a manual pipettor positioned by eye such that the fluid is spread to cover the tissue sample.
  • Chemical reagents with short active lives are manually mixed in vials using standard pipettors.
  • the method uses a triaxial robotic slide system to move racks of slides between reagents.
  • the slides are paired so that reagents fill the gaps between slides by capillary action.
  • the system is claimed to be able to carry out the complete immunostaining procedure as well as in-situ hybridisation and has been commercialised by Fischer Scientific Co. (U.S.A.).
  • Fischer Scientific Co. U.S.A.
  • This approach has a major disadvantage in that it uses large volumes of expensive reagents and does not automate the primary antibody step.
  • Described a novel coverslip device which is used to create a capillary gap between the slide and coverslip.
  • Reagents are transfered from vials in a carousel to a funnel part of the coverslip using an automatic pipette and an x-slide device.
  • 10 basic method programs can be used to run 20 slides automatically with a variety (up to 9) primary antibodies.
  • the instrument has been commercialised by Shandon Scientific (U.K..) under the "Cadenza" trade name.
  • the invention provides apparatus for immunohistochemical sample processing, including sample support means, washing means for dispensing washing fluid onto said sample, clearin means for cleaning said sample, and agent dispensing means fo dispensing an agent onto said sample.
  • the invention also provides apparatus for processing tissu samples in immunohistochemistry, including slide support mean for supporting at least one slide, said slide support mean being constituted by a rotatable carousel, and head assembl means adapted to move relative to said slide support means, an adapted to dispense fluid to a slide on said support means.
  • the invention further provides a device for spraying a surface with fluid, said device including a body having a bore therethrough for the passage of said fluid, means located in said body for changing the flow of said fluid from a direction generally along said bore to a generally annular flow,- there being a swirl chamber located in proximity to a fluid exit, said swirl chamber being adapted to turn said generally annular flow to a generally concentric flow prior to fluid leaving said chamber through said fluid exit.
  • Fig. 1 is a perspective view of automatic tissue staining apparatus
  • Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a detail of apparatus generally similar to that of Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 is a front elevation of a clear nozzle
  • Fig. 4 is a side elevation of the nozzle of Fig. 3;
  • Fig. 5 is a rear elevation of part of the nozzle of Fig. 3;
  • Fig. 6 is an underneath plan view of the nozzle of Fig. 3;
  • Fig. 7 is a section along the lines A-A of Fig. 3;
  • Fig. 8 is a side elevation of a spray nozzle
  • Fig. 9 is an end elevation of a spray nozzle body
  • Fig. 10 is a section along the lines A-A of Fig. 9;
  • Fig. 11 is a section along the lines B-B of Fig. 10;
  • Fig. 12 is a perspective view of a spray nozzle end cap
  • Fig. 13 is a front elevation of the cap of Fig. 13;
  • Fig. 14 is a partially sectioned side elevation of the cap of Fig. 13;
  • Fig. 15 is a rear elevation of the cap of Fig. 13;
  • Fig. 16 is an end elevation of a plug
  • Fig. 17 is a side elevation of the plug of Fig. 16.
  • the automatic tissue stainer 10 includes a body 12 having a hinged portion 14 in an open position showing a horizontal carousel 16, a delivery head assembly 18, clear nozzle 20 and spray nozzle 22.
  • the carousel 16 is adapted to rotate about a generally vertical axis, and is further adapted to carry slides 24 on a single level surface near its periphery, and reagent or the like containers 26 towards the axis of the carousel 16.
  • Delivery head assembly 18 is adapted to move across the diameter of carousel 16, on rails 28 and 30, and it. can be seen that a combination of rotational movement of the carousel and translational movement of the head 18 enables nozzles 20, 22 to direct material onto any part of any slide 24 or to any container 26.
  • a third (wash fluid delivery) nozzle is also mounted on head assembly 18, and preferably each nozzle is capable of vertical movement relative to the assembly.
  • the apparatus 10 enables automatically controlled sequences to be carried out using various electro-mechanical systems (not shown).
  • the apparatus 10 is operated and controlled by a keypad 32 and display 34.
  • the carousel 1.6 is adapted to be heated, preferably from beneath and possibly 4 utilising hot air.
  • use is made of heated water located beneath the slide, which are located upon supports.
  • automatic temperature and control, of the water is provided.
  • Head assembly 18 may also include a .slide wash facility (not shown) which involves the delivery of a stream of buffer or wash liquid from a dispenser, in a controlled fashion, from the aforementioned third nozzle to a slide 24 located beneath the dispenser on carousel 16.
  • the head lrf moves along the slide axis, to evenly distribute the liquid on the slide.
  • the buffer liquid is supplied from a pressurised storage bottle with a valved on/off control.
  • the head assembly 18 also includes a slide clear facility, which is used to clear a slide 24 of liquid dispensed as described in the preceding paragraph. To so clear the slide, the nozzle 36 of Figs. 3 to 7 inclusive is utilised, whic nozzle 36 may take the place of generalised nozzle 20 of Fig. 1.
  • Clear nozzle 36 includes a body 38 with a widened dispensing end 40 over which is located a plate 42. There is ,above 44 in body 36, communicating with a plenum 46 in end 40. An exit orifice 48 directs a '.'curtain" of air onto a slide 24. Preferably, air from a pressurised manifold is supplied to nozzle 36.
  • Nozzle 36 is moved by head 18 along the axis of slide 24, and the stream or curtain of air from orifice 48 pushes any fluid on the surface of slide 24 along the axis and off the sides and ends of the slide.
  • Head 18 also includes a biochemical agent delivery facility, using the spray nozzle 50 of Figs. 8 to 17 inclusive, which nozzle 50 may take the place of generalised nozzle 22 of Fig. 1.
  • Spray nozzle 50 includes a main body 52, an end cap 54 and a plug 56.
  • Main body 52 has a knurled portion 58 adapted to be used to secure body 52 to end cap 54.
  • Body 52 also has flow- splitting channels 60 and a ferrule seal 62, the latter for connection to a vacuum source, a pipettor or the like for operating the spray nozzle.
  • End cap 54 has an internal circumferential lip 64 which seals with main body 52.
  • the cap has an axially-located exit orifice, behind which is a swirl chamber 68.
  • a structure 70 which acts to direct fluid (see the arrows) into the swirl chamber 68 to " ensure that the flow is concentric to the chamber axis.
  • Plug 56 has a spigot 72 and a locating boss 74.
  • nozzle 50 In the assembled nozzle 50 of Fig. 8, the direction of fluid is shown by arrows.
  • the nozzle 50 achieves a small vortex spray chamber effect where fluid is forced under pressure into a circular chamber (68) in such a manner that the flow is concentric to the axis.
  • the spray exits through central outlet 66.
  • the structure and operation of the spray nozzle 50 is such that antibodies - as a reagent sub-group - may be sprayed onto a surface without loss of activity.
  • the proteins in antibodies are susceptible to shear forces normally encountered in conventional spray nozzles. This results in the antibodies being denatured and to consequently lose activity. For that reason, spraying of antibodies has not been considered possible.
  • the area is less than the total area of the slide, more preferably in the range 1/4 to 3/4 of the total slide area, and more preferably 1/3 the total slide area, and the nozzle 50 is preferably located between 10mm and -100mm above slide 24, more preferably about 30mm above a slide 24.
  • the nozzle 50 perform with a total fluid volume . per spray of between 50 and 200 microlitres. This small volume is selected to cover the slide area with a consistent layer of fluid.
  • the various parts (52,54,56) of nozzle 50 are preferably formed from injection-moulded plastics material, and the nozzle is preferably connected via ferrule 62 to the delivery conduit of a pipettor delivery head.
  • the pipettor is preferably an electrical/electronic pipettor system (not shown) which acts on a syringe to draw fluid from a container 26 (storage vial) to deliver the fluid via nozzle 50 to slide 24.
  • the pipettor facilitates the obtention of fluid by a controlled vertical motion whereby it moves down such that the syringe is within the fluid storage vial 26; the pipettor then operates to draw the required amount of fluid into the system; and the syringe moves up in a controlled manner to withdraw from the storage vial 26.
  • Some chemical agents require mixing just prior to use; they have short active lifetimes after mixing. These items may b mixed by the use of the pipettor system drawing up one agen from its storage vial and dispensing it into the storage via in which the second agent is held. The mixed solution is the drawn up and dispensed onto the slides as described.
  • the apparatus 10 provides a automatic tissue-staining or slide washing/drying coatin process.
  • Process Mode Unit automatically running program.
  • Load Mode Operator loading slides/reagents with unit prompt.
  • Program Mode Operator setting up a specific protocol program for use in process mode.
  • Unload Mode Cycle complete, operator unloads processed slides.
  • Self Clean Mode Unit self flushing the working surfaces.
  • the apparatus is capable of performing any combination of the programmed protocols up to a limit of ten.
  • the apparatus - is capable of processing up to twenty slides.
  • the apparatus carries a power failure battery back up to enable processing to be satisfactorily shut down at an appropriate stage.
  • this invention provides apparatus which enables the old manual techniques to be replaced by automatic procedures, operated by a less skilled operator.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)
  • Automatic Analysis And Handling Materials Therefor (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)

Abstract

Appareil (10) effectuant la coloration automatique des tissus, comprenant un corps (12) sur lequel tourne un plateau circulaire (16). Le plateau circulaire (16) peut porter une pluralité de lamelles (24) portant des échantillons de tissus. Un ensemble de tête d'alimentation (18) est monté sur le corps (12) de manière à se déplacer sur tout le diamètre du plateau circulaire (16). L'ensemble de tête comprend un ajutage nettoyeur (20) et un ajutage pulvérisateur (22). Une version (50) de l'ajutage pulvérisateur (22) permettant de pulvériser un agent biochimique liquide sur une lamelle (24) comprend un corps principal (52), un élément d'obturation (56) dans le corps principal (52) et un chapeau (54) situé sur ledit corps principal (52), entre lesquels se trouve une chambre de tourbillonnement (68) dans laquelle passe le liquide provenant du corps (52). Le liquide pénètre dans la chambre de tourbillonnement (68) de telle sorte que l'écoulement dans la chambre (68) est concentrique à l'axe de la chambre et qu'il s'écoule ensuite du corps (52) par un orifice de sortie (66), ceci minimisant par conséquent la détérioration de l'agent biochimique.
PCT/AU1991/000170 1990-07-18 1991-04-29 Coloration automatique des tissus pour immunohistochimie WO1992001919A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP3508100A JPH06504115A (ja) 1990-07-18 1991-04-29 免疫組織化学のための自動的組織染色

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AUPK1231 1990-07-18
AUPK123190 1990-07-18

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1992001919A1 true WO1992001919A1 (fr) 1992-02-06

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ID=3774836

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/AU1991/000170 WO1992001919A1 (fr) 1990-07-18 1991-04-29 Coloration automatique des tissus pour immunohistochimie

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0539379A4 (fr)
JP (1) JPH06504115A (fr)
WO (1) WO1992001919A1 (fr)

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0635712A3 (fr) * 1993-07-21 1995-04-19 Eastman Kodak Co Méthode de prétraitement pour supports d'essais diagnostiques.
EP0722363A4 (fr) * 1993-09-29 1996-12-11 Biogenex Lab Procede et appareil automatiques de coloration des plaquettes de microscope
US5839091A (en) * 1996-10-07 1998-11-17 Lab Vision Corporation Method and apparatus for automatic tissue staining
WO2001051909A1 (fr) * 2000-01-14 2001-07-19 Lab Vision Corporation Procede et appareil de coloration automatique de tissu
EP1082611A4 (fr) * 1998-06-02 2003-01-15 Ventana Med Syst Inc Procedes de coloration d'echantillons biologiques par combinaison de reactifs instables sur lame porte-objet
US6735531B2 (en) 1996-10-07 2004-05-11 Lab Vision Corporation Method and apparatus for automatic tissue staining
US6930292B1 (en) 1999-07-21 2005-08-16 Dako A/S Method of controlling the temperature of a specimen in or on a solid support member
US6998270B2 (en) 2001-11-26 2006-02-14 Lab Vision Corporation Automated tissue staining system and reagent container
US7182912B2 (en) 1991-03-04 2007-02-27 Bayer Corporation Fluid handling apparatus for an automated analyzer
US7303725B2 (en) 2002-04-15 2007-12-04 Ventana Medical Systems, Inc. Automated high volume slide staining system
US7400983B2 (en) 2002-12-20 2008-07-15 Dako Denmark A/S Information notification sample processing system and methods of biological slide processing
US7468161B2 (en) 2002-04-15 2008-12-23 Ventana Medical Systems, Inc. Automated high volume slide processing system
CN102323134A (zh) * 2011-09-05 2012-01-18 上海皓信生物科技有限公司 全自动细菌革兰氏染色与细胞离心系统
US10184862B2 (en) 2008-11-12 2019-01-22 Ventana Medical Systems, Inc. Methods and apparatuses for heating slides carrying specimens
US11249095B2 (en) 2002-04-15 2022-02-15 Ventana Medical Systems, Inc. Automated high volume slide processing system
US11796430B2 (en) 2017-05-24 2023-10-24 Ventana Medical Systems, Inc. Gas knife using parallelogram flow

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3624203B2 (ja) * 1995-10-26 2005-03-02 アークレイ株式会社 分析装置
JP3667599B2 (ja) * 2000-06-26 2005-07-06 独立行政法人科学技術振興機構 組織染色装置
US8043562B2 (en) * 2003-12-08 2011-10-25 Ortho-Clinical Diagnostics, Inc. Analyzer having removable holders or a centrifuge
CN105980828B (zh) 2013-12-13 2021-12-17 文塔纳医疗系统公司 用于生物标本组织处理的染色试剂和其它液体及关联技术
EP3080579B1 (fr) * 2013-12-13 2022-07-27 Ventana Medical Systems, Inc. Appareil de traitement automatisé des lames
WO2016164431A1 (fr) 2015-04-06 2016-10-13 Nanocytomics, LLC Systèmes de dépôt d'échantillon automatisé et procédés associés

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Cited By (50)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7182912B2 (en) 1991-03-04 2007-02-27 Bayer Corporation Fluid handling apparatus for an automated analyzer
EP0635712A3 (fr) * 1993-07-21 1995-04-19 Eastman Kodak Co Méthode de prétraitement pour supports d'essais diagnostiques.
EP0722363A4 (fr) * 1993-09-29 1996-12-11 Biogenex Lab Procede et appareil automatiques de coloration des plaquettes de microscope
US6735531B2 (en) 1996-10-07 2004-05-11 Lab Vision Corporation Method and apparatus for automatic tissue staining
US5839091A (en) * 1996-10-07 1998-11-17 Lab Vision Corporation Method and apparatus for automatic tissue staining
US6349264B1 (en) 1996-10-07 2002-02-19 Lab Vision Corporation Method and apparatus for automatic tissue staining
EP1082611A4 (fr) * 1998-06-02 2003-01-15 Ventana Med Syst Inc Procedes de coloration d'echantillons biologiques par combinaison de reactifs instables sur lame porte-objet
US6930292B1 (en) 1999-07-21 2005-08-16 Dako A/S Method of controlling the temperature of a specimen in or on a solid support member
US6746851B1 (en) 2000-01-14 2004-06-08 Lab Vision Corporation Method for automated staining of specimen slides
WO2001051909A1 (fr) * 2000-01-14 2001-07-19 Lab Vision Corporation Procede et appareil de coloration automatique de tissu
US7435383B2 (en) 2001-11-26 2008-10-14 Lab Vision Corporation Automated tissue staining system and reagent container
US8142739B2 (en) 2001-11-26 2012-03-27 Lab Vision Corporation Automated tissue staining system and reagent container
US7642093B2 (en) 2001-11-26 2010-01-05 Lab Vision Corporation Automated tissue staining system and reagent container
US7901941B2 (en) 2001-11-26 2011-03-08 Lab Vision Corporation Automated tissue staining system and reagent container
US8585987B2 (en) 2001-11-26 2013-11-19 Lab Vision Corporation Automated tissue staining system and reagent container
US6998270B2 (en) 2001-11-26 2006-02-14 Lab Vision Corporation Automated tissue staining system and reagent container
US7303725B2 (en) 2002-04-15 2007-12-04 Ventana Medical Systems, Inc. Automated high volume slide staining system
US11249095B2 (en) 2002-04-15 2022-02-15 Ventana Medical Systems, Inc. Automated high volume slide processing system
US7468161B2 (en) 2002-04-15 2008-12-23 Ventana Medical Systems, Inc. Automated high volume slide processing system
US11092611B2 (en) 2002-04-15 2021-08-17 Ventana Medical Systems, Inc. Automated high volume slide processing system
US10302665B2 (en) 2002-04-15 2019-05-28 Ventana Medical Systems, Inc. Automated high volume slide processing system
US9528918B2 (en) 2002-04-15 2016-12-27 Ventana Medical Systems, Inc. Automated high volume slide processing system
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EP0539379A1 (fr) 1993-05-05
JPH06504115A (ja) 1994-05-12
EP0539379A4 (en) 1993-06-02

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