WO1990005621A1 - Procede servant a introduire par perfusion dans une piece a usiner poreuse une preparation chimique au moyen de cosolvants - Google Patents
Procede servant a introduire par perfusion dans une piece a usiner poreuse une preparation chimique au moyen de cosolvants Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1990005621A1 WO1990005621A1 PCT/US1989/005050 US8905050W WO9005621A1 WO 1990005621 A1 WO1990005621 A1 WO 1990005621A1 US 8905050 W US8905050 W US 8905050W WO 9005621 A1 WO9005621 A1 WO 9005621A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- chemical composition
- chemical
- supercritical
- fluid
- cosolvent
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000006184 cosolvent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 29
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 9
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 7
- RYYVLZVUVIJVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caffeine Chemical compound CN1C(=O)N(C)C(=O)C2=C1N=CN2C RYYVLZVUVIJVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 5
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- LPHGQDQBBGAPDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isocaffeine Natural products CN1C(=O)N(C)C(=O)C2=C1N(C)C=N2 LPHGQDQBBGAPDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 description 3
- 229960001948 caffeine Drugs 0.000 description 3
- VJEONQKOZGKCAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N caffeine Natural products CN1C(=O)N(C)C(=O)C2=C1C=CN2C VJEONQKOZGKCAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011491 glass wool Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrous Oxide Chemical compound [O-][N+]#N GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000001045 blue dye Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OCQDPIXQTSYZJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-bis(butylamino)anthracene-9,10-dione Chemical compound O=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C2=C1C(NCCCC)=CC=C2NCCCC OCQDPIXQTSYZJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000003932 Betula Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000219429 Betula Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000189108 Betula alleghaniensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000018199 Betula alleghaniensis var. alleghaniensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000018198 Betula alleghaniensis var. macrolepis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000014466 Douglas bleu Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000000731 Fagus sylvatica Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010099 Fagus sylvatica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000008694 Humulus lupulus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000001416 Pseudotsuga menziesii Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005386 Pseudotsuga menziesii var menziesii Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930013930 alkaloid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010960 commercial process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940120693 copper naphthenate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- SEVNKWFHTNVOLD-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;3-(4-ethylcyclohexyl)propanoate;3-(3-ethylcyclopentyl)propanoate Chemical compound [Cu+2].CCC1CCC(CCC([O-])=O)C1.CCC1CCC(CCC([O-])=O)CC1 SEVNKWFHTNVOLD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001506 inorganic fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001272 nitrous oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010412 perfusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000007928 solubilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005063 solubilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000194 supercritical-fluid extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000870 ultraviolet spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010977 unit operation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003171 wood protecting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/4505—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements characterised by the method of application
- C04B41/4535—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements characterised by the method of application applied as a solution, emulsion, dispersion or suspension
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/18—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by dipping
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/06—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to wood
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D2401/00—Form of the coating product, e.g. solution, water dispersion, powders or the like
- B05D2401/90—Form of the coating product, e.g. solution, water dispersion, powders or the like at least one component of the composition being in supercritical state or close to supercritical state
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
- B27K3/0278—Processes; Apparatus involving an additional treatment during or after impregnation
- B27K3/0285—Processes; Apparatus involving an additional treatment during or after impregnation for improving the penetration of the impregnating fluid
Definitions
- the present invention is a method of enhancing the perfusion of a porous workpiece with a chemical composition using two or more given fluid solvents under supercritical conditions.
- the method is particularly well adapted for impregnation and deposition into wood of preservative and other materials which have poor solubility in supercritical carbon dioxide.
- the critical temperature of a fluid is the temperature above which liquefaction is not possible at any pressure.
- Critical pressure is defined as the pressure required to liquefy a gas at the critical temperature.
- fluids are said to be under supercritical conditions. While not truly liquids, they maintain many of the properties of a liquid. However, there are also significant differences.
- the solvent power of supercritical fluids for various materials is increased significantly above the critical point. When a chemical material is dissolved in a supercritical fluid, the resulting solution appears to have most or all of the characteristics of a true solution. However, the viscosities of these supercritical solutions are very much lower than viscosities of conventional solutions.
- West German Offenlegungsschrift 28 53 066 describes the use of supercritical solutions to coat the surface of porous powders or porous articles, such as active nickel catalysts, with an inert protective material. Conditions are regulated so that coatings only a few molecules thick can be applied to the material. In addition to the protection of the active catalysts, the inventors disclose that other porous materials, such as fabrics, can be coated or impregnated with protective or decorative layers. The inventor further notes that by proper selection of extraction and extraction pressure and temperature, the components to be dissolved by the supercritical fluid can be dissolved selectively. Unfortunately, the inventors offer no examples or other data which is specifically informative as to how their process is carried out.
- Japanese Kokai SHO 59[1984]-101311 discloses a preservative treatment for wood. This uses either carbon dioxide in the supercritical range or liquid carbon dioxide near the supercritical range as a solvent for the preservative.
- the inventors claim the advantages of faster permeation of the preservative into the wood, elimination of the need of predrying treatment or incising and, above all, the elimination of the need for waste treatment of residual preservative chemical solutions.
- the one example in the patent shows the use of a water soluble phenol-group inorganic fluoride wood preservative agent in liquid carbon dioxide to treat beech wood.
- the composition of the treating material is not further described nor is it made clear whether or not any water was present.
- the carbon dioxide was approximately 11°C below the critical temperature at which point it would be a true liquid.
- the preservative agent had permeated to the center of a cube of wood 10 cm on each side. This would not be surprising even under conventional treating conditions due to the short specimen length and large exposed area of end grain. Liquids are well known to permeate end grain at a rate 10-20 times faster than the rate across the grain. However, if the treatment would work as described for larger specimens, it could potentially be very useful.
- the present invention is a method of perfusing a porous workpiece, such as wood, with a chemical composition that is generally insoluble in a first fluid under conditions near or above the critical point.
- the method comprises providing a cosolvent in which the chemical composition has at least limited solubility when the mixture of first fluid and cosolvent is raised to supercritical conditions.
- the cosolvent may be either a pure chemical compound or a mixture of chemical compounds.
- the chemical composition is then dissolved by contacting it with a mixture of the first fluid and a sufficient amount of the cosolvent. This contact must occur under conditions near or above the critical point for a sufficient time to solubilize at least a portion of the chemical composition. This forms a supercritical solution of the chemical composition.
- the process then involves contacting and impregnating the porous substrate with the supercritical solution so as to introduce the chemical material into the workpiece.
- the workpiece is then removed from the supercritical solution; e.g., by reducing the pressure to atmospheric, so as to leave some portion of the chemical material deposited within the porous substrate of the workpiece.
- the process is carried out under true supercritical conditions; i.e., at a temperature and pressure above those at the critical point of the first fluid.
- the method will operate in a wholly satisfactory manner near to but somewhat below critical conditions.
- the term "near to but somewhat below” is bounded as hereinafter described.
- Reduced pressure P r is defined as P/P , where P is the actual pressure of the system and P c is the critical pressure.
- Reduced temperature T is similarly defined as T/T where T is the actual operating temperature and T c is the critical temperature.
- the invention should be considered to be in an operable range when T r and P r are each greater than 0.85.
- the term "supercritical" should be construed sufficiently broadly to encompass the above-defined ranges.
- the first solvent will normally be gaseous under ambient conditions although it may also be a liquid. Carbon dioxide is a preferred material for use as the first solvent.
- the cosolvent may be any which when combined with the first solvent, and the mixture is raised to supercritical conditions, will dissolve at least 0.01 mg of the chemical composition per gram of mixed solvent. Preferably the mixture will dissolve at least 0.1 mg and more preferably at least 1 mg of the chemical composition per gram of mixed solvent. While the chemical composition will frequently have the above or greater solubility in the cosolvent alone, this is not required or necessary. The criterion for solubility is determined when the mixed solvent system is at supercritical conditions.
- first dissolve the chemical composition in the cosolvent it is permissible to first dissolve the chemical composition in the cosolvent, if it has adequate solubility and then add the first fluid before or after the system is raised to supercritical conditions.
- first fluid and cosolvent may be mixed prior to dissolving the chemical composition.
- the cosolvent may be either aqueous or nonaqueous, and polar or nonpolar. It is assumed that the cosolvent will be miscible with the first fluid at least to the extent that a sufficient amount of the chemical composition can be dissolved in the mixture when at supercritical conditions.
- Wood is a preferred example of a porous material that can be impregnated with a chemical composition. Chemical materials such as dyes, preservatives, those that give dimensional stability, etc., are among the many useful materials which can be impregnated within the wood.
- a number of chemical materials are suitable for use as the primary supercritical fluid. As noted, carbon dioxide is preferred but others such as propane, nitrous oxide, saturated and unsaturated halogenated hydrocarbons containing up to about 3 carbon atoms, and mixtures of these materials are suitable. This list of fluids should be considered as exemplary and not limiting.
- the single figure is a generalized block diagram showing a suitable process and equipment for treatment of a porous workpiece with a chemical material under supercritical conditions.
- the equipment used for chemical treatment of various substrate materials under supercritical conditions has been generally described in the references discussed earlier.
- the Figure shows an adaptation of this equipment for use with the present invention. While it is configured for use with laboratory scale equipment, it could readily and easily be modified for a commercial operation.
- the equipment shown is designed to carry out two separate unit operations. The first is solubilization of the treatment chemical using a supercritical fluid solvent and suitable cosolvent. The second step is the treatment and impregnation of the porous workpiece with the dissolved chemical material while the system is still held under supercritical conditions.
- wood will be used as an example of a porous workpiece. However, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that many other porous materials could be treated and impregnated using the process of the present invention.
- the treatment chemical is first charged to a vessel where it is to be dissolved.
- This will typically be a piece of process equipment, such as a packed tower, which provides a sufficient surface area for contacting the treatment chemical with a supercritical solvent and cosolvent.
- the treatment chemical may be first dissolved in the cosolvent before It is charged to the extraction unit.
- a supercritical fluid such as carbon dioxide or propane, is brought to an appropriate pressure before it is charged to the extraction unit.
- the cosolvent is similarly brought to operating pressure.
- the compressed components may first be directed through a heat exchanger to adjust the temperature to the desired operating condition. In the dissolver at least a portion of the treatment chemical is solubilized in the combined supercritical fluid and cosolvent.
- the resulting solution is then directed to a treatment chamber where the wood is contained.
- a treatment chamber where the wood is contained.
- two or more treatment chambers would be employed in parallel so that one could be emptied and recharged while treatment was being carried out in an adjacent unit.
- the treatment fluid while still under supercritical conditions, may be recycled from the treatment chamber to the dissolving unit and continuously circulated to maintain an appropriate concentration of treating chemicals.
- an ultraviolet spectrograph is located immediately downstream from the treatment unit. This enables continuous monitoring of the concentration of dissolved material in the supercritical solution. Following this is a pressure reduction valve where the excess fluid with any remaining treatment chemical is flashed to atmospheric pressure. The low pressure fluid may then be directed through a separator where any residual treatment chemical is recovered. The residual first fluid, which usually contains some cosolvent, is either vented to atmosphere or to a recovery system where it can be reused.
- Carbon dioxide has many characteristics which make it an almost ideal fluid for supercritical treatments. It is inexpensive, nontoxic, and is not an environmental pollutant. Unfortunately, as noted above, many desirable chemical impregnants are almost totally insoluble in supercritical carbon dioxide. However, if a suitable cosolvent is used, a sufficient amount of the treatment chemical can be brought into supercritical solution so that an adequate amount can be impregnated into the wood or other porous material.
- Example 1 As a model porous material, four grams of glass wool was packed into a stainless steel tube 200 mm in length, 9.5 mm outside diameter and about 5 mm inside diameter. This tube was located in the apparatus in the position shown as the "treatment unit" in the drawing. As a model treating chemical a nonionic dye, C.I. Solvent Blue 35 (Color Index 61554), was chosen. This is available in 98% purity from Aldrich Chemical Company, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, as well as from other suppliers. Several grams of the dye in powder form were packed into a tube similar to that just described and retained by using a plug of glass wool in each end of the tube.
- C.I. Solvent Blue 35 Color Index 61554
- the overall equipment was a modified Milton Roy Supercritical Extraction Unit. This equipment is available from LDC Milton Roy, Inc., Riviera Beach, Florida. Carbon dioxide at 10350 kPa and 40°C was directed through the dissolving unit at a rate of 415 g/hr. The resultant solution from the dissolving unit was then directed through the packed glass fiber column. After a treatment time of 30 minutes, pressure in the system was reduced to atmospheric level. Prior to this time ultraviolet spectroscopy of the supercritical fluid stream indicated a solubility of the solvent blue dye of only 0.021 mg/g (.0021%) of carbon dioxide. After removal of the glass fiber packed treatment cell, the glass fiber was extracted with acetone to measure the amount of dye transferred. Replicate runs averaged 0.059 mg of Solvent Blue dye per gram of glass fiber (0.0059%).
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Le procédé décrit sert à introduire par perfusion dans un matériau tel que du bois une préparation chimique qui est insoluble dans un premier fluide donné dans des conditions surcritiques. Un cosolvant est mélangé au premier solvant pour conférer à la préparation chimique la solubilité adéquate aux conditions surcritiques. Un tel procédé est utilisé pour imprégner uniformément des matériaux autrement difficilement perméables. L'imprégnation de bois d'÷uvre ou de bois de charpente avec un agent conservateur est une application type de la présente invention.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US27018588A | 1988-11-14 | 1988-11-14 | |
US270,185 | 1988-11-14 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1990005621A1 true WO1990005621A1 (fr) | 1990-05-31 |
Family
ID=23030268
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1989/005050 WO1990005621A1 (fr) | 1988-11-14 | 1989-11-14 | Procede servant a introduire par perfusion dans une piece a usiner poreuse une preparation chimique au moyen de cosolvants |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
WO (1) | WO1990005621A1 (fr) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4202320A1 (de) * | 1992-01-29 | 1993-08-05 | Dierk Dr Knittel | Verfahren zum impraegnieren von substraten |
EP0912461A4 (fr) * | 1996-05-20 | 1999-10-27 | Materials Technology Ltd | Traitement de ciment hydraulique, ceramique ou grave-ciment durcis au moyen de fluides haute pression |
WO2006092673A1 (fr) * | 2004-09-30 | 2006-09-08 | The State Of Queensland Acting Through The Department Of Primary Industries And Fisheries | Dispositif d'impregnation et procede |
AU2005328560B2 (en) * | 2004-09-30 | 2011-09-01 | Carter Holt Harvey Wood Products Australia Pty Limited | Impregnation apparatus and method |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4552786A (en) * | 1984-10-09 | 1985-11-12 | The Babcock & Wilcox Company | Method for densification of ceramic materials |
-
1989
- 1989-11-14 WO PCT/US1989/005050 patent/WO1990005621A1/fr unknown
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4552786A (en) * | 1984-10-09 | 1985-11-12 | The Babcock & Wilcox Company | Method for densification of ceramic materials |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS, Vol. 102, No. 2, 14 January 1985, (Colombus, Ohio, US), see page 101* Abstract No. 8473b & JP-A-59101311 (Japan Oxygen Co. Ltd) 11 June 1984* * |
CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS, Vol. 109, No. 4, 25 July 1988, (Columbus, Ohio, US), L. LI et al.: "Interaction of Supercritical Fluids with Lignocellulosic Materials", see page 68* Abstracht No. 24357s & Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1988, 27/7) 1301-12 * * |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4202320A1 (de) * | 1992-01-29 | 1993-08-05 | Dierk Dr Knittel | Verfahren zum impraegnieren von substraten |
EP0912461A4 (fr) * | 1996-05-20 | 1999-10-27 | Materials Technology Ltd | Traitement de ciment hydraulique, ceramique ou grave-ciment durcis au moyen de fluides haute pression |
WO2006092673A1 (fr) * | 2004-09-30 | 2006-09-08 | The State Of Queensland Acting Through The Department Of Primary Industries And Fisheries | Dispositif d'impregnation et procede |
AU2005328560B2 (en) * | 2004-09-30 | 2011-09-01 | Carter Holt Harvey Wood Products Australia Pty Limited | Impregnation apparatus and method |
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