WO1988010363A1

WO1988010363A1 - Internal combustion engine with rotating working movement

Info

Publication number: WO1988010363A1
Application number: PCT/DK1988/000094
Authority: WO
Inventors: Bent Mikkelsen
Original assignee: Bent Mikkelsen
Priority date: 1987-06-17
Filing date: 1988-06-15
Publication date: 1988-12-29
Also published as: AU1964088A; DK309487D0; DK309487A

Abstract

The invention relates to an internal combustion engine which combines the processes of a 4-stroke- and turbine-engine. The combustion engine includes a turbine (1), a housing (2) and a ringshaped piston (3) relatively movable in a ringshaped combustion chamber which is surrounding the turbine blades (1a). A mechanical coupling for synchronizing the reciprocating motion of the piston with the rotary motion of the turbine is located between the turbine and the piston. The engine preferably fulfills the 4-stroke cycle in one revolution. The combustion engine is also characterized in that it is simple, sturdy and has favourable low speed rotation characteristics. The engine has a clean combustion fulfilling severe environmental requirements without the use of a catalyst.

Description

Internal Combustion Engine with rotating working movement.

T_he Present invention concerns an internal combustion en¬ gine with rotating working movement and or more precisely of the kind mentioned in the beginning of demand 1.

Internal combustion engines of the different types, which for instance are used for energy of cars, trains and aero¬ planes are all encumbered with disadvantages of different kind. Piston engines (gasoline- and diesel engines) are me¬ chanical complicated and contain a great number of machine parts, which make quick forward- and backward movements. Because of the mass-power this results in motor vibrations, great strain of bearings and with that short lifetime of the engine. Turbine engines have bad fuel economy and bad tough drawing qualities together with other disadvantages, but are characterized by a comparatively simple engine con¬ struction compared to the weight.

The purpose of the invention is to show a new and improved type of internal combustion engine, which combine the good tough drawing qualities of the piston engine and good fuel economy with the simple construction of the turbine engine and high effect. As per the invention this can be obtained with a hybrid engine type of the kind, which is mentioned in the characterizing part of demand 1.

The engine is adapted with both turbine and piston, and is constructed in such a way that the piston fit directly to the blades of the turbine engine under demarcation of a ring-shaped combustion chamber around the turbine blades. In this way is partly achieved a very direct effect of the combustion pressure on the piston and the turbine blades, and partly a direct effect of the combustion products kine¬ tic and dynamic energy in the turbine. The result is a motor with optimum ter ic degree of effect, i.e.good fuel economy, with good tough drawing qualities because of the piston function, and with high effect compared to the weight on account of the turbine function. The ring- shaped combustion chamber around the turbine blades se¬ cure an effective ignition and plain combustion of the fuel, that is why the engine can fulfil the new inten¬ sified environment demands without catalyst in the ex¬ haust. Compared to the traditional piston engine the new hybrid engine is comparatively simple in mechanical re¬ spect.

The engine is in the various performances and constructive details and aspects incidentally mentioned in the demands 2-8.

The^{^}invention is going to be more closely explained in connection with the drawing, where

fig. 1 shows a four-stroke gasoline engine as per the invention in schematic cross section,

fig. 2 shows a section of same engine during the suc- tion stroke (stroke 1)

fig. 3 the engine showed during ending of the compres¬ sion stroke (stroke 2) and during the beginning of ignition,

fig. 4 the motor during ending of the expansion stroke (stroke 3), 3.

fig. 5 the motor during ending of the flush stroke (stroke 4) ,

fig. 6 the turbine wheel of the motor seen from the side in section,

^"• fig. 7 a schematic explanation of the sparking plugs of the motor, and

fig.. 8 a schematic explanation of the internal chan¬ nel in the rotor.

In the performation (four-stroke engine) showed on the drawing the engine consists in the main of a turbine ro¬ tor 1, a turbine house 2 and a ring-shaped piston 3. The rotor 1 is put into a shaft 4, which is settled in two main bearings in the turbine house 2, one of each side of the rotor. The rotor is supplied with radius placed turbine blades la (fig. 6), which move a ring-shaped com¬ bustion chamber 6 in the turbine house 2. On the sides of the rotor are supplied a number of air leading sheets 7. The shape of these is chosen, so the air is forced from the centre of the rotor and out against the cumbuε-^' tion chamber 6 during the rotation. The leading sheets contribute to keep the fuel products locked up in the combustion chamber 6 together with this is achieved an extra filling of fresh air during the suction stroke (tur¬ bo loading effect.)

The ring-shaped piston 3 works in a ring-shaped track= cylinder 8 of the rotor in the turbine house 2. The cy¬ linder 8 is placed in one side of the turbine house and fit directly to the combustion chamber 6. The piston 3 moves forward- and backward in the cylinder at right an¬ gles to the rotation level,i.e. in the axis direction of the engine "A". In its front turning position the piston is placed with its top sheet 3a closely against the tur- bine blades la, in which position the combustion chamber 6 is demarcated partly of the turbine house and the pis¬ ton jointly, and partly of the rotor. The combustion chamber 6 surrounds in this position the turbine blades so that thereis a passage of the size of only tenths mm between internal sides of the turbine blades and the combustion chamber.

The piston is in its forward- and backward movement syn¬ chronized with, the rotor by means of a mechanical coup¬ ling mechanism made for the purpose, not shown on the drawing, for example in theshape of a curve disk on the engine axis shaft or a guide leader on the rotor. The rotor 1 works as a fly wheel for the piston 3.

The suction- and exhaust channels of the engine are on¬ ly a suggestion on the drawing. The combustion chamber 6 is in connection with these suction- and exhaust cha¬ nnels via a system of internal channels 9 in the rotor and a turning valve 10 between the turbine house and the rotor. The valves of the engine, ignition system, refrigerating system etc. are nol shown. The sparking plugs, which are placed in pockets 11 in the combustion chamber, is indicated with 12 (fig. 7). The piston 3 is in an usual way provided with tightening rings 13 (com¬ pression- and oil scraper rings). The working of the engine is following:

1. stroke (suction)

The piston moves away from the rotor and leaves the com¬ bustion chamber with increased volume. A blend of gasoli- ne and air in the combustion chamber is εucted via the suction channels 9 in the rotor 1.

2. stroke (compression)

The piston moves towards the rotor again at the same time as the suction valves are closed. The blend of gas, which is in the combustion chamber, is compressed.

3. stroke (combustio and expansion)

The compressed gas ignite and combust regularly in the combustion chamber. The gas pressure will drive the ro¬ tor round, as the pressure will influence on the turbine blades in such a way that the resulting body on the bla¬ des will force a turning factor on the rotor. Hereto con¬ tribute the slanting positions of the blades and alterna¬ tely right and left in proportion to the rotation level (fig. 6). Also the gas pressure on the piston will con- tribute to increase the effect and factor progress of the engine.

4. stroke (exhaust)

The piston moves towards the rotor again and the ex- pansioned and in some degree cooled combustion gasses are led out through the exhaust channels of the engine via the rotation channels 9 and the turning valve 10.

Claims

CLAIMS .

1. Internal combustion engine with rotating working movement and of a hybrid type, which combine the prin¬ ciple of working in a piston engine and a turbine en- gine, c h a r a c t e r i z e d by a rotor (1) with radius placed turbine blades (la) and rotating wor¬ king movements also to include a ring-shaped piston (3), which works in direct connection to the rotor (1) in a close surrounding turbine house (2) in the ro- tor, the periphery of which - the turbine blades sur¬ rounding - it forms the combustion chamber (6) of the rotor, - that the ring-shaped piston (3) makes a for¬ ward- and backward displacing movement in the direction of the engine axis (A), i.e. at the right angles to the rotation level of the rotor (1), during which the pi¬ ston in its front turning position is placed with its end (3a) close against the turbine blades (la) for to¬ gether with the other part of the peripheral part of the turbine house to demarcate a ring-shaped combus- tion chamber (6), which surrounds close together a- round the turbine blades (la), and that the piston (3) is connected to the rotor (1) via a for that purpose adapted mechanical piston leading machine for forced accomplishment of a four-stroke working process (suc- tion, compression, combustion and expansion and exhaust) mainly during a rotor turn.

2. Internal combustion engine as per demand 1, c h a- r a c t e r i z e by the necessary helping devices such as valves, suction, channels, exhaust channels, nozzles, sparking plugs etc. for accomplishment of the various engine working processes (depending on the va¬ rious engine types) is placed in the turbine house (2) with connection to the combustion chamber (6) either directly or via internal channels (9) in the rotor (1).

3. Internal combustion engine as per demand 2, c h a - r a c t e r i z e d by the necessary helping functions for example the valve functions, which are led and activised from the rotor axis (4) , and that the move¬ ment of the piston (3) take place by means of a curve disk on the rotor (1) and a mechanism of suitable kind, by means of the curve disk is relieved from production of the linear movement of the piston during the turning movement of the rotor.

4. Internal combustion engine as per demand 1 and where the engine is of a gasoline type c h a r a c t e r i ¬ z e d by having in all three sparking plugs (12) spread equally in the combustion chamber (6) in mutually ang¬ les intervals of 120°.

5. Internal combustion engine as per demand 1 and where the engine is of the diesel type c h a r a c t e r i ¬ z e d by having in all three fuel nozzles spread equal¬ ly in the combustion chamber in mutually angles inter¬ vals of 120° .

6. Internal combustion engine as per. demand 1 c h a r a c- t e r i z e d by placing of cross turbine blades (la) in proportion to the respectively radius placed direc¬ tions, mainly in angles of 51° in proportion to the radius placed directions, and mainly directed alternate¬ ly against right and left (seen from the side) in bevel angles of the size of 20°-80° calculated in proportion to the rotation plane.

7. Internal combustion engine as per demand 1 c h a r a c- t e r i z e d by the rotor, which is provided with a number of air leading sheets (7) on the sides, the lea¬ ding sheets of which are made to produce an air cur- rent from within the centre of the rotor and out against the peripherical combustion chamber (6), alternately to produce an overpressure in the combustion chamber du¬ ring rotation of the rotor.

8. Internal combustion engine as per demand 1 and 7, c h a r a c t e r i z e d by having a system of tigh¬ tening rings and tightening flats around the engine and piston, which in combination with the mentioned leading sheets (7) on the rotor secure the compression of the engine.