WO1986006483A1 - A device for following the product concentration of products having milk as raw material or fluids containing said products - Google Patents
A device for following the product concentration of products having milk as raw material or fluids containing said products Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1986006483A1 WO1986006483A1 PCT/FI1985/000040 FI8500040W WO8606483A1 WO 1986006483 A1 WO1986006483 A1 WO 1986006483A1 FI 8500040 W FI8500040 W FI 8500040W WO 8606483 A1 WO8606483 A1 WO 8606483A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- light
- products
- detector element
- product
- milk
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- 238000001028 reflection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000013365 dairy product Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/85—Investigating moving fluids or granular solids
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/47—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection
- G01N21/4738—Diffuse reflection, e.g. also for testing fluids, fibrous materials
Definitions
- This invention relates to a device for following the product concentration of products having milk as raw material or fluids containing said products by means of a reflection method.
- the invention is particularly adapted for following the milk concentration in the product flow or washing water of dairy pipe line systems and especially to give the required interface information for the process control.
- a capacitive measuring method can be used. Further, the quality or concentration of a product can be determined on the basis of the variation in the conductivity of the product. In these methods, a detector immersed in the product is usually used, which can "cause problems particularly in connection with food stuff products and conditions varying widely at different stages of the process.
- the object of the present invention is to develope a device operating by means of a reflection method, by means of which device product concentration and variations thereof in particular can be followed accurately and within a wide range of variation without the device being in any contact at all with the product.
- a device according to the invention which is characterized in that the device comprises a detector element intended to be fitted in connection with a light transmitting portion of a pipe containing said product, said detector element comprising a light emitter and a light receiver, and an electronics portion for controlling the function of the light emitter and for treating signals received by the light receiver.
- the device according to the invention can be attached to form a part of a process pipe line system as a unit of its own similarly to the other measuring devices mentioned above, but, on account of the measuring method thereof and the structure of its detector element, it is also adapted to be attached in connection with the sight glass of already existing process pipe line systems without changing the structure of the system in any way.
- Figure 1 is a cross-section.of a device according to the invention, when fitted as a unit of its own,
- Figure 2 is a section of the device of Figure 1 along the line II-II in Figure 1, and
- Figure 3 is a block diagram of the function of an electronic portion of the device.
- Figures 1 and 2 show cross-sections of a measuring device according to the invention when fitted as a unitof its own to form a part of a process pipe line system.
- the measuring unit is formed by a process pipe portion 1 comprising a T-branch, in which the measuring device itself is fitted.
- a glass tube 2 of a round cross-section is positioned inside said pipe portion 1, the product to be analysed flowing in said glass tube.
- a detector element 3 of the measuring device is positioned against the surface of the glass tube 2 inside the T-branch of the pipe portion 1, said detector element comprising a light emitter 4, for which purpose a diode emitting infrared light is particularly suitable, and a light receiver 5, for which purpose a conventional photodiode can be used.
- Printed circuit boards 6 and 7 are positioned above the detector 3 in the T-branch, in which boards electronics required for controlling the light emitter 4 and for treating signals received by the light receiver 5 is gathered, the function of said electronics being described more closely in connection with Figure 3.
- a spring element 10 is fitted above said printed circuit boards 6 and 7, which element presses the detector element 3 tightly against the glass tube 2 when the open end of the T-branch is closed by means of a cover 8. Power supply to the measuring device and the outside communication take place by means of a cable 9.
- the most essential portion of the measuring device is positioned in the detector 3. It is manufactured of a non-transparent PVC-plastic as a disc-like element, the lower surface of which is provided with a through-like shape in a manner corresponding to the arching of the glass tube 2. So the light emitter 4 and the light receiver 5 are brought tightly against the surface of the glass tube 2. It is essential with respect to the function of the detector element that the light emitter 4 is positioned at an angle of approx. 30-50 , preferably 40-45 , with respect to the light receiver 5 and as near it as possible, but in such a manner, however, that a wall is left between the emitter and the receiver, which wall prevents a direct light communication therebetween.
- the light emitter and the light receiver By arranging the light emitter and the light receiver in this way, most of the reflections caused by the glass tube 2 are avoided, especially when the light receiver is perpendicular to the surface of the glass tube 2 and the light receiver consequently receives a signal which is reflected mainly from the product.
- it ' is also possible, to further reduce the interfacial reflections by positioning a suitable polarizer in front of the light source.
- the reason for the emitter and the receiver being positioned as near each other as possible is that the product to be measured, i.e. milk products, has a great turbidity, wherefore the depth of penetration of the light signal from the emitter is usually below 5 mm.
- a resolution of at least approx. 1 % is obtained when the milk concentration of the product to be measured is below 50 %, and a resolution of approx. 5 % when the milk concentration of the product exceeds 80 %.
- Figure 3 illustrates schematically the function of the measuring device according to the invention.
- a light pulse is emitted by the light emitter 4 and he radiation caused by said pulse through reflection from the product behind the glass tube 2 is observed by means of the light receiver 6.
- the pulsing of the emitter 4 and the synchronous detection 12 of the signal received are controlled by synchronizing electronics 11.
- Said synchronizing electronics also controls sample taking from the received background light (when the emitter is dark) . This procedure enables the use of the device tube simultaneously as sight glass as well, for the background sample taking eliminates errors in the measuring result caused by ambient background light coming into the tube through sight glass holes.
- the signal detected is compared to reference values preset in a portion 15 for setting a reference value.
- Said reference portion.13 sends,on the basis of the comparison, a digital ON/OFF data into an optoisolator acting as a connection part 14.
- the function and the structure described above are adapted for use when the device operates as an interface detector, by means of which the interface occuring in product changes or between the product and the washing water is controlled.
- the device is, however, suitable for measuring an absolute product concentration, too.
- the measuring device according to the invention is adapted to be attached also in connection with the sight glass of already existing process pipe line systems, whereby only the portion of the device corresponding to the T-branch is required, which portion is positioned against the sight glass of the pipe by means of a suitable fastening element, such as e.g. a metal collar.
- a suitable fastening element such as e.g. a metal collar.
- the light transmitting connection from the detector element to the product can be some other than a glass tube, such as e.g. a transparent plastic tube or an optic fibre as well.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
Device for following the product concentration of products having milk as raw material or fluids containing said products by means of a reflection method. The invention is particularly adapted for following the milk concentration in the product flow or washing water of dairy pipe line systems and especially to give the required interface information for the process control. The device comprises a detector element (3) intended to be fitted in connection with a light transmitting portion (2) of a pipe (1) containing said product, said detector element comprising a light emitter (4) and a light receiver (5), and an electronics portion (6, 7) for controlling the function of the light emitter (4) and for treating signals received by the light receiver (5). The light emitter (4) is advantageously positioned at an angle of approx. 30-50o, preferably 40-45o with respect to the light receiver (5).
Description
A device for following the product concentration of products having milk as raw material or fluids containing said products
This invention relates to a device for following the product concentration of products having milk as raw material or fluids containing said products by means of a reflection method. The invention is particularly adapted for following the milk concentration in the product flow or washing water of dairy pipe line systems and especially to give the required interface information for the process control.
It is known to measure milk concentration in the washing water of dairy pipe line systems as an optical transmission measurement. Thereby the measuring is based on the absorption of light between an emitter and a receiver, which depends on the turbidity of the product. A mixture of milk and water is, however, so turbid and the absorption of light, consequently, so great that it is practically possible to measure milk concentrations of 0...1...2 % only by means of said transmission method.
In the identification of the quality of the fluid, also a capacitive measuring method can be used. Further, the quality or concentration of a product can be determined on the basis of the variation in the conductivity of the product. In these methods, a detector immersed in the product is usually used, which can "cause problems particularly in connection with food stuff products and conditions varying widely at different stages of the process.
So the object of the present invention is to develope a device operating by means of a reflection method, by means of which device product concentration
and variations thereof in particular can be followed accurately and within a wide range of variation without the device being in any contact at all with the product. This has been carried out by means of a device according to the invention, which is characterized in that the device comprises a detector element intended to be fitted in connection with a light transmitting portion of a pipe containing said product, said detector element comprising a light emitter and a light receiver, and an electronics portion for controlling the function of the light emitter and for treating signals received by the light receiver.
The device according to the invention can be attached to form a part of a process pipe line system as a unit of its own similarly to the other measuring devices mentioned above, but, on account of the measuring method thereof and the structure of its detector element, it is also adapted to be attached in connection with the sight glass of already existing process pipe line systems without changing the structure of the system in any way.
In the following the structure and the operation of the device according to the invention will be described in more detail with reference to the attached drawings, wherein
Figure 1 is a cross-section.of a device according to the invention, when fitted as a unit of its own, Figure 2 is a section of the device of Figure 1 along the line II-II in Figure 1, and
Figure 3 is a block diagram of the function of an electronic portion of the device.
Figures 1 and 2 show cross-sections of a measuring device according to the invention when
fitted as a unitof its own to form a part of a process pipe line system. The measuring unit is formed by a process pipe portion 1 comprising a T-branch, in which the measuring device itself is fitted. A glass tube 2 of a round cross-section is positioned inside said pipe portion 1, the product to be analysed flowing in said glass tube. A detector element 3 of the measuring device is positioned against the surface of the glass tube 2 inside the T-branch of the pipe portion 1, said detector element comprising a light emitter 4, for which purpose a diode emitting infrared light is particularly suitable, and a light receiver 5, for which purpose a conventional photodiode can be used. Printed circuit boards 6 and 7 are positioned above the detector 3 in the T-branch, in which boards electronics required for controlling the light emitter 4 and for treating signals received by the light receiver 5 is gathered, the function of said electronics being described more closely in connection with Figure 3. A spring element 10 is fitted above said printed circuit boards 6 and 7, which element presses the detector element 3 tightly against the glass tube 2 when the open end of the T-branch is closed by means of a cover 8. Power supply to the measuring device and the outside communication take place by means of a cable 9.
The most essential portion of the measuring device is positioned in the detector 3. It is manufactured of a non-transparent PVC-plastic as a disc-like element, the lower surface of which is provided with a through-like shape in a manner corresponding to the arching of the glass tube 2. So the light emitter 4 and the light receiver 5 are brought tightly against the surface of the glass tube 2. It is essential with respect to the function of the
detector element that the light emitter 4 is positioned at an angle of approx. 30-50 , preferably 40-45 , with respect to the light receiver 5 and as near it as possible, but in such a manner, however, that a wall is left between the emitter and the receiver, which wall prevents a direct light communication therebetween. By arranging the light emitter and the light receiver in this way, most of the reflections caused by the glass tube 2 are avoided, especially when the light receiver is perpendicular to the surface of the glass tube 2 and the light receiver consequently receives a signal which is reflected mainly from the product. If desired, it'is also possible,as is generally known, to further reduce the interfacial reflections by positioning a suitable polarizer in front of the light source. The reason for the emitter and the receiver being positioned as near each other as possible is that the product to be measured, i.e. milk products, has a great turbidity, wherefore the depth of penetration of the light signal from the emitter is usually below 5 mm. By means of a measuring device according to the invention, a resolution of at least approx. 1 % is obtained when the milk concentration of the product to be measured is below 50 %, and a resolution of approx. 5 % when the milk concentration of the product exceeds 80 %.
Figure 3 illustrates schematically the function of the measuring device according to the invention. When a measurement is carried out, a light pulse is emitted by the light emitter 4 and he radiation caused by said pulse through reflection from the product behind the glass tube 2 is observed by means of the light receiver 6. The pulsing of the emitter 4 and the synchronous detection 12 of the signal received are controlled by synchronizing electronics
11. Said synchronizing electronics also controls sample taking from the received background light (when the emitter is dark) . This procedure enables the use of the device tube simultaneously as sight glass as well, for the background sample taking eliminates errors in the measuring result caused by ambient background light coming into the tube through sight glass holes. In a reference portion 13, the signal detected is compared to reference values preset in a portion 15 for setting a reference value. Said reference portion.13 sends,on the basis of the comparison, a digital ON/OFF data into an optoisolator acting as a connection part 14. The function and the structure described above are adapted for use when the device operates as an interface detector, by means of which the interface occuring in product changes or between the product and the washing water is controlled. Through minor changes of the electronics portion, which are obvious to a person skilled in the art, the device is, however, suitable for measuring an absolute product concentration, too.
As already mentioned before, the measuring device according to the invention is adapted to be attached also in connection with the sight glass of already existing process pipe line systems, whereby only the portion of the device corresponding to the T-branch is required, which portion is positioned against the sight glass of the pipe by means of a suitable fastening element, such as e.g. a metal collar. The dimensions of the T-branch as well as those of the detector element must thereby be adjusted according to the dimensions of the sight glass.
It is obvious to one skilled in the art that the different embodiments and structural forms of the invention are not restricted to the afore-described
example, but they can vary considerably ithin the scope of .the attached claims. So, for instance, the light transmitting connection from the detector element to the product can be some other than a glass tube, such as e.g. a transparent plastic tube or an optic fibre as well.
Claims
1. Device for following the product concentration of products having milk as raw material or fluids containing said products by means of a reflection method, which device comprises a detector element (3) intended to be fitted in connection with a light transmitting portion (2) of a pipe containing said product, said detector element comprising a light emitter (4) and a light receiver (5), and an electronics portion (6, 7) for controlling the function of the light emitter (4) and for treating signals received by the light receiver (5) , c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that said detector element (3) is formed of a non- ransparent material, in which the light emitter (4) and the light receiver (5) are embedded at a distance from each other, whereby a wall preventing direct light communication is provided between the light emitter (4) and the light receiver (5).
2. Device according to claim 1, c h a r a c t e r¬ i z e d in that said light emitter (4) is fitted in the detector element (3) at an angle of approx. 30-50°, preferably 40-45 with respect to the light receiver (5).
3.Device according to claim 1 or 2, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that said detector element (3) is a plate, whereby that surface of said plate which is brought against the light transmitting portion (2) is partly concaved into an arched shape correspond¬ ing to the arching of the light transmitting portion.
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI833955A FI833955A7 (en) | 1983-10-28 | ANORDNING FOER UPPFOELJNING AV PRODUKTHALTEN I MJOELK SOM RAOMATERIAL ANVAENDANDE PRODUKTER ELLER DESSA INNEHAOLLANDE VAETSKOR. | |
| FI833955A FI70087C (en) | 1983-10-28 | 1983-10-28 | ANORDINATION FOR THE PRODUCTION OF PRODUCTS IN WHICH RAOM MATERIALS ARE AVAILABLE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ELLER DESSA INNEHAOLLANDE VAETSKOR |
| PCT/FI1985/000040 WO1986006483A1 (en) | 1983-10-28 | 1985-04-26 | A device for following the product concentration of products having milk as raw material or fluids containing said products |
| EP85902544A EP0260252A1 (en) | 1983-10-28 | 1985-04-26 | A device for following the product concentration of products having milk as raw material or fluids containing said products |
| DK624886A DK624886A (en) | 1983-10-28 | 1986-12-22 | Apparatus for monitoring the product concentration of products containing milk as raw material or fluids containing said products |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI833955A FI70087C (en) | 1983-10-28 | 1983-10-28 | ANORDINATION FOR THE PRODUCTION OF PRODUCTS IN WHICH RAOM MATERIALS ARE AVAILABLE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ELLER DESSA INNEHAOLLANDE VAETSKOR |
| PCT/FI1985/000040 WO1986006483A1 (en) | 1983-10-28 | 1985-04-26 | A device for following the product concentration of products having milk as raw material or fluids containing said products |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1986006483A1 true WO1986006483A1 (en) | 1986-11-06 |
Family
ID=42077777
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/FI1985/000040 WO1986006483A1 (en) | 1983-10-28 | 1985-04-26 | A device for following the product concentration of products having milk as raw material or fluids containing said products |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0260252A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK624886A (en) |
| FI (2) | FI70087C (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1986006483A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0581405A3 (en) * | 1992-02-28 | 1994-06-15 | Dennis G Pardikes | Module for automatically controlling a polymer processing system |
| NL1011905C2 (en) * | 1999-04-27 | 2000-10-30 | Co Peratie Rundveeverbetering | Simple, inexpensive, robust measuring head for spectrophotometer useful in direct analysis of e.g. milk, has light-conducting assembly connected to carrier for source or sensor |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1964578A1 (en) * | 1968-12-23 | 1970-07-16 | Gam Rad | Truebungsmesser |
| DE2211702A1 (en) * | 1971-03-11 | 1972-09-28 | Miles Lab | Lighting and viewing device |
| SE370578B (en) * | 1970-07-16 | 1974-10-21 | Keene Corp | |
| EP0017007A1 (en) * | 1979-03-31 | 1980-10-15 | Desitek Design und Vertrieb technischer Geräte GmbH | Measuring device for recording turbidity, especially of fluids |
| DE3016530A1 (en) * | 1980-04-29 | 1981-11-05 | Hekatron GmbH, 7811 Sulzburg | LIGHT-OPTICAL DETECTION DEVICE FOR A FLOATING PARTICLE CONCENTRATION |
| WO1982003460A1 (en) * | 1981-03-31 | 1982-10-14 | Coogan Clive Keith | Application of optical fibre probes |
| WO1982003688A1 (en) * | 1981-04-13 | 1982-10-28 | Ab Bonnierfoeretagen | Distinct wavelenght light reflectance measuring apparatus |
-
0
- FI FI833955A patent/FI833955A7/en unknown
-
1983
- 1983-10-28 FI FI833955A patent/FI70087C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1985
- 1985-04-26 EP EP85902544A patent/EP0260252A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1985-04-26 WO PCT/FI1985/000040 patent/WO1986006483A1/en unknown
-
1986
- 1986-12-22 DK DK624886A patent/DK624886A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1964578A1 (en) * | 1968-12-23 | 1970-07-16 | Gam Rad | Truebungsmesser |
| SE370578B (en) * | 1970-07-16 | 1974-10-21 | Keene Corp | |
| DE2211702A1 (en) * | 1971-03-11 | 1972-09-28 | Miles Lab | Lighting and viewing device |
| EP0017007A1 (en) * | 1979-03-31 | 1980-10-15 | Desitek Design und Vertrieb technischer Geräte GmbH | Measuring device for recording turbidity, especially of fluids |
| DE3016530A1 (en) * | 1980-04-29 | 1981-11-05 | Hekatron GmbH, 7811 Sulzburg | LIGHT-OPTICAL DETECTION DEVICE FOR A FLOATING PARTICLE CONCENTRATION |
| WO1982003460A1 (en) * | 1981-03-31 | 1982-10-14 | Coogan Clive Keith | Application of optical fibre probes |
| WO1982003688A1 (en) * | 1981-04-13 | 1982-10-28 | Ab Bonnierfoeretagen | Distinct wavelenght light reflectance measuring apparatus |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0581405A3 (en) * | 1992-02-28 | 1994-06-15 | Dennis G Pardikes | Module for automatically controlling a polymer processing system |
| NL1011905C2 (en) * | 1999-04-27 | 2000-10-30 | Co Peratie Rundveeverbetering | Simple, inexpensive, robust measuring head for spectrophotometer useful in direct analysis of e.g. milk, has light-conducting assembly connected to carrier for source or sensor |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DK624886D0 (en) | 1986-12-22 |
| FI70087C (en) | 1986-09-12 |
| FI833955A7 (en) | 1985-04-29 |
| DK624886A (en) | 1986-12-22 |
| FI70087B (en) | 1986-01-31 |
| EP0260252A1 (en) | 1988-03-23 |
| FI833955A0 (en) | 1983-10-28 |
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