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WO1983002169A1 - Images stereoscopiques - Google Patents

Images stereoscopiques Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1983002169A1
WO1983002169A1 PCT/GB1982/000339 GB8200339W WO8302169A1 WO 1983002169 A1 WO1983002169 A1 WO 1983002169A1 GB 8200339 W GB8200339 W GB 8200339W WO 8302169 A1 WO8302169 A1 WO 8302169A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
image
prism
stereoscopic
face
eye
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB1982/000339
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Anthony Charles Rackham
Chalerm Likitanupak
Original Assignee
Anthony Charles Rackham
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Anthony Charles Rackham filed Critical Anthony Charles Rackham
Publication of WO1983002169A1 publication Critical patent/WO1983002169A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/30—Image reproducers
    • H04N13/302—Image reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G02B30/34—Stereoscopes providing a stereoscopic pair of separated images corresponding to parallactically displaced views of the same object, e.g. 3D slide viewers
    • G02B30/35—Stereoscopes providing a stereoscopic pair of separated images corresponding to parallactically displaced views of the same object, e.g. 3D slide viewers using reflective optical elements in the optical path between the images and the observer

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the viewing and formation of stereoscopic pictures including pictures from television screens.
  • the camera for recording these images can be an especially designed stereo camera having two lens systems, a single camera which is moved to take a second image from the side in the case of a still scene, or two spaced and synchronised cameras, e.g. in recording a moving . sequence of images.
  • the resulting stereo image pairs can be viewed in a viewer with two lens systems, one for each eye, so that the left eye sees the left-hand image taken from the left side and the right eye sees the right-hand image taken from the right side.
  • the spectator must look very closely into the lens systems.
  • the stereo image pairs can alternatively both be projected onto a screen and arrangements made so that the left eye of the observer sees only the left-hand image and the right eye only the right-hand image.
  • This can be achieved by polarising the light for the left-hand image and right-hand image in opposite ways, and providing the observer with polarising spectacles which have polarising filters which allow the left eye to see the left-hand image but prevent it from seeing the right-hand image with the converse for the right eye.
  • a similar effect can be achieved in black and white but not colour by using coloured lights and filters, e.g. red light for projecting the left image and a red filter in front of the left eye. and blue light for projecting the right image and a blue filter in front of the right eye.
  • a method of viewing a stereoscopic pa r of images in which the image for one eye is viewed by reflection from a surface of a prism and the image for the other eye is viewed directly through that surface of the prism, the spacing between the eyes in relation to the prism being such that the angle at which the said one eye sees the first image is such that complete internal - 3 -
  • Such an arrangement can be very simple and conveniently the prism will have presented adjacent two of its faces, the two images of the stereoscopic pair whilst the viewer looks at these images through the other face.
  • a stereoscopic viewing device comprising a pair of prisms which abut one another along a common side so that for viewing an image directly and without reflection the light path through the prisms is approximately the same the whole way across that image, so avoiding distortion as a result of the light from one part of the image seen by direct viewing having to pass through a greater thickness of prism material than the light from another part of the image.
  • the stereoscopic pair of images can be provided in a number of ways.
  • the two images can be images formed on the faces of two cathode ray tubes of two television screens and so in accordance with the invention, it is possible to provide stereoscopic television pictures provided of course that the picture presented on the television screens are themselves stereo ⁇ scopic images taken for example by two television cameras spaced a small distance apart.
  • the image viewed by total internal reflection is reversed by the reflection it is necessary in the first aspect of the invention for that image itself to be a reversed image relative the other image and in the second aspect of the invention, the image viewed by total internal reflection is not a - reversed image but rather the other image is a reversed . image.
  • a stereoscopic television set comprising a pair of screens which are capable of presenting stereoscopic pairs of images one on each screen, one of those pairs being reversed in the sense of the other image and a double prism, preferably each of right-angled shape, with the hypotenuse face of each prism positioned in abutting relationship such that when viewed through another face of one prism in the first form of the invention, the image on one screen can be seen through the abutting face whilst the reversed image can be seen by total internal reflection on the abutting face whereas in the second form of the invention, the reversed image on one screen can be seen through the abutting face whilst the image can be seen by total internal reflection on the abutting face.
  • a multiplexing method using conventional television equipment such as a television broadcast, a
  • video tape cassette or a video tape recorder can provide a two picture source for the device of the present invention.
  • the present invention provides a stereoscopic viewing arrangement comprising a pair of television cameras, a pair of television screens, a multiplexing device whereby the signals from the two television cameras are combined for transmission such that the signal from one camera occupies the first half of each raster scan and the signal from the other camera occupies the second half of each raster scan, the first television screen being switched to receive the first half of the raster scan and the second television screen being switched to receive the second half of the raster scan, and a double prism with the hypotenuse face of each prism positioned in abutting relationship, so that when viewed through another face of the prism the image on one screen can be seen through the abutting face whilst the image on the other screen can be seen by total internal reflection on the abutting face.
  • the invention is not only applicable to television screens but can also be used to view in a stereoscopic fashion other images such as, for example, those on photographic transparencies or prints. Thus, such images can be substituted for the television screens.
  • This embodiment of the invention can be useful in providing a stereoscopic advertising or like display.
  • the device of the present invention gives a stereoscopic effect over a region roughly equivalent to the distance between the viewer's eyes [generally 2% to 3 inches (6.35 to 7.62cm)] when the viewer is one to two feet (30.48 to 60.96 cm) in front of the device. This region can be doubled if a cylindrical lens is placed in front of the device. However, if this is done, it is to be noted that the region over which the stereoscopic image can be observed is reduced if the viewer is located more than two feet (60.96 cm) from such a lens.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of a first form of stereoscopic display unit according to the invention
  • Figure la is a plan,view of that display unit
  • Figure 2 is a perspective view of a second form of stereoscopic display unit according to the invention
  • Figure 2a_ is a plan view of that display unit; 5 Figure 3 is a view similar to Figure 2a_ showing a modified display;
  • Figure 4 is a view similar to Figure 2 of the modified display
  • Figure 5 is a diagram showing a television set 10 arranged to show stereoscopic images
  • Figure 6 is a diagrammatic representation showing how two aspects of the present invention are achieved.
  • Figure 7 shows the width of the stereoscopic 15 region presented to the viewer by use of the device of the present invention
  • Figure 8 shows the height of the stereoscopic region presented to the viewer by use of the device of the present invention
  • Figures 9 and 10 show a further embodiment of the device of the present invention in perspective and plan view
  • Figure 11 shows diagrammatically equipment for producing a picture on a television tube
  • Figure 12 shows diagrammatically equipment for producing a pair of stereo pictures on two television tubes
  • FIG 13 shows diagrammatically in greater detail switching equipment of Figure 12.
  • Figures 1 and la_ show a right-angled isosceles triangle shaped prism 8 made of glass, transparent plastics or o her suitable material.
  • This prism has two shorter faces 15 and 16 of equal size and a larger hypotenuse -face 17.
  • the angle 25 between the faces 15 and 16 is a right angle whilst the angles 33 at o the other corners are each 45 .
  • a stereoscopic pair of images 13 and 14 are provided and the image 13 is reversed relative the image 14. This reversed image 13 is placed against the face 15 whilst the image 14 is placed behind the face 17 but parallel with the front face 16.
  • OMPI Referring to Figures 2 and 2a_, these show the same right-angled isosceles triangle shaped prism 8 of Figures 1 and la_. However, in this case the reversed image 13 is placed against the face 17 whilst the image 14 is placed behind the face 15 but parallel with the front face 16.
  • the modified device 108 shown in Figures 3 and 4 can be used where a second prism 115 is provided.
  • This prism is in all respects identical to the prism 8 except that as seen in plan view it is reversed so that its longest or hypotenuse face 117 is placed in face to face abutting relationship with the face 17.
  • the left-hand image 13 is placed against the rear face 116 and in this way the light from all parts of the image 13 travel through approximately the same thickness of prism material before reaching the left eye 9.
  • the stereoscopic images 13 and 14 can be provided by projecting images from projectors or in a simple embodiment can be in the form of a photographic or like transparencies illuminated from the rear by suitable bulbs 37 (see Figure 4) .
  • the television tubes 48 and 49 are operated in a conventional manner by electronics 47 with the one exception that the picture 490 on the tube 49 is 10 reversed from left and right so as to compensate for the subsequent reversal which occurs upon reflection on the surface 17. This can readily be achieved by causing the electronics 47 associated with it to form the picture on the screen 48 by scanning in the opposite direction from 15 normal.
  • the picture 480 on tube 48 is non-reversed.
  • Figure 6 shows the two aspects of the invention in diagrammatic form.
  • the first aspect 14 is a picture taken by a left-side camera 46 of subject 30; Picture 14 is treated as the left eye picture and is seen by the 20 viewer's left eye 99.
  • the right eye picture 13 of subject 30 taken by right-side camera 45 is seen by the right eye 1010 so producing a stereo picture.
  • the viewer is able to see a reversed stereo picture as follows. 25
  • the viewer's left eye 9 sees the reverse side of the picture 13 which is taken by right side camera 45 and
  • the reverse side (the left side of the subject becomes the right side of the picture and the right side of the subject becomes the left side of the picture) of picture 13 which is taken from the right side camera 45 will be treated as the left eye picture and the picture 14 which is taken by left side camera 46 will be treated as the right eye picture.
  • the width of the stereoscopic region "d" is about the same as the distance between eyes 9 and 10 [generally 2% inches to 3 inches (6.35 to 7.62 cm)].
  • the height of the stereoscopic region is a vertical strip 500.
  • a cylindrical lens 200 is placed in front of the prism device.
  • the refraction of the cylindrical lens widens the stereoscopic region "d" [Preferably, the radius of cylindrical lens 200 is eight inches (20.32cm).
  • the width of the stereoscopic region "d" is expanded to approximately six inches (15.24 cm). If the viewer is more than two feet (60.96 cm) in front of the lens, the stereoscopic region "d" is reduced] .
  • the width of the pictures can be reduced by reducing the horizontal sweep voltages.
  • FIG 11 shows standard studio equipment using two cameras 45 and 46.
  • Switching equipment 44 is provided to combine and transmit simultaneously the pictures from cameras 45 and 46 to television receiver 480 so that picture 14 from camera 46 will appear on the left half of the screen and picture 13 from camera 45 will appear on the right half of the screen.
  • these stereo pictures 13, 14 can be transmitted and recorded by standard equipment as shown in Figure 12.
  • the two pictures transmitted by the switching equipment 44 have to be separated so that one picture will appear on television receiver 481 and one will appear on television receiver 482.
  • the right-hand video signal is gated and in receiver 482 the left-hand video signal is gated, thus the left eye picture 14 from camera 46 and the right eye picture 13 from camera 45 will appear separately on two television tubes.
  • FIG. 13 the switching equipment 44 is shown in greater detail.
  • An electronic circuit 441 combines the video signals from cameras 45 and 46.
  • the normal sync signal 79 ensures that the cameras 45 and 46 work synchronously and the gating circuit 440 alternately enables the left and right-hand eye cameras 46 and 45 respectively to send signals along the transmission line 200 over the first half and second half respectively of each raster scan.
  • the circuit 470 provides a synchronising signal to a gate circuit 472. This in turn gives two signals 80' and 81' to enable the receivers 48 and 49.
  • Signal 80* sent to the left eye television tube. 49 enables the receiver over the first half of each raster scan and signal 81' sent to the right eye television tube 48 enables the receiver over the second.half of each raster scan to synchronise signals from cameras 46 and 45 so that the left eye picture appears only on screen 49 and the right eye picture appears only on screen 48 with the right-hand side of the left eye picture blank and the left-hand side of the right eye picture blank.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Stereoscopic And Panoramic Photography (AREA)
  • Testing, Inspecting, Measuring Of Stereoscopic Televisions And Televisions (AREA)

Abstract

Procédé et agencements pour le visionnement et la formation d'images stéréoscopiques comprenant des images à partir d'écrans de télévision. Procédé de visionnement d'une paire d'images stéréoscopiques dans lequel l'image pour un oeil (10) est visionnée par réflexion à partir d'une surface (17) d'un prisme (8) et l'image pour l'autre oeil (9) est visionnée directement au travers de cette surface (17) du prisme (8), l'espacement entre les yeux (9, 10) par rapport au prisme (8) étant tel que l'angle suivant lequel l'oeil (10) voit la première image est tel qu'une réflexion interne complète se produit au niveau de la surface (17) mais l'angle suivant lequel l'autre oeil (9) voit l'image est tel qu'une réflexion sensible interne n'a pas lieu. Une paire de prismes (8, 115) s'appuie l'un contre l'autre le long d'un côté commun (17, 117) de sorte que pour visionner une image directement et sans réflexion, la trajectoire de lumière au travers des prismes (8, 115) est approximativement la même au travers de toute cette image évitant ainsi la distorsion résultant de la lumière d'une partie de l'image vue par visionnement direct laquelle lumière doit passer au travers d'une épaisseur plus grande du matériau du prisme que la lumière provenant d'une autre partie de cette image.
PCT/GB1982/000339 1981-12-07 1982-11-30 Images stereoscopiques WO1983002169A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8136805811207 1981-12-07
GB8136805 1981-12-07

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1983002169A1 true WO1983002169A1 (fr) 1983-06-23

Family

ID=10526415

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB1982/000339 WO1983002169A1 (fr) 1981-12-07 1982-11-30 Images stereoscopiques

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0095492A1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS58502068A (fr)
WO (1) WO1983002169A1 (fr)

Cited By (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2150311A (en) * 1983-11-19 1985-06-26 Midlands Video Systems Limited Viewing system
GB2167919A (en) * 1984-11-09 1986-06-04 John Taube Video-stereoscopic-image-producing system
FR2621205A1 (fr) * 1987-09-29 1989-03-31 Pochet Roger Systeme d'observation d'images stereoscopiques sur ecran de television
FR2643158A1 (fr) * 1989-02-14 1990-08-17 Malifaud Pierre Dispositif pour la projection d'images en couleurs et/ou l'enregistrement d'images a partir d'objets colores, notamment dans les domaines de la video, du cinema, de la photographie, et procede de fabrication du dispositif
WO1991002278A1 (fr) * 1989-08-01 1991-02-21 Godfrey Michael Cohen Visionneuse stereo
US5255028A (en) * 1992-05-15 1993-10-19 Kevin Biles Apparatus and method for producing 3-dimensional images
EP0577268A1 (fr) * 1992-06-20 1994-01-05 United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority Système optique
EP0602934A2 (fr) * 1992-12-17 1994-06-22 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Dispositif d'affichage autostéréoscopique
WO1995021398A1 (fr) * 1994-02-07 1995-08-10 Terumo Kabushiki Kaisha Dispositif de visualisation d'images
WO1995021397A1 (fr) * 1994-02-07 1995-08-10 Terumo Kabushiki Kaisha Dispositif de visualisation d'images
EP0708351A3 (fr) * 1994-10-21 1996-07-31 Sharp Kk Source de la lumière et appareil d'affichage
WO1996031797A1 (fr) * 1995-04-05 1996-10-10 Astrid Kabus Procede et dispositif de generation d'images en 3d
US5568314A (en) * 1993-12-03 1996-10-22 Terumo Kabushiki Kaisha Image display apparatus
US5703717A (en) * 1993-11-12 1997-12-30 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Three-dimensional projection display apparatus
US5774261A (en) * 1993-11-19 1998-06-30 Terumo Kabushiki Kaisha Image display system
WO1999044092A1 (fr) * 1998-02-25 1999-09-02 Simon Serra Jose Ma Ensemble optique et electrique pour la visualisation tridimensionnelle et en relief d'images reelles
US5976017A (en) * 1994-02-09 1999-11-02 Terumo Kabushiki Kaisha Stereoscopic-image game playing apparatus
US6011580A (en) * 1994-06-07 2000-01-04 Terumo Kabushiki Kaisha Image display apparatus
ES2143400A1 (es) * 1998-02-25 2000-05-01 Serra Jose Maria Simon Conjunto optico-electronico para el visionado tridimensional y en relieve de imagenes reales.
US6115058A (en) * 1993-12-03 2000-09-05 Terumo Kabushiki Kaisha Image display system
WO2003003100A1 (fr) * 2001-06-29 2003-01-09 Alejo Trevijano Jose Javier Système de vision autostéréoscopique
RU2609285C1 (ru) * 2015-11-05 2017-02-01 Общество ограниченной ответственности "СофтЛаб-НКС" (ООО "СофтЛаб-НСК") Способ формирования многопланового изображения и мультифокальный стереоскопический дисплей

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3274884A (en) * 1961-05-29 1966-09-27 Fmc Corp Stereoscopic film viewing apparatus
FR1473232A (fr) * 1966-01-29 1967-03-17 Système de télévision en relief pour microscopie binoculaire
US4073569A (en) * 1976-03-25 1978-02-14 John Rizzo Prismatic stereoscopic viewer

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3274884A (en) * 1961-05-29 1966-09-27 Fmc Corp Stereoscopic film viewing apparatus
FR1473232A (fr) * 1966-01-29 1967-03-17 Système de télévision en relief pour microscopie binoculaire
US4073569A (en) * 1976-03-25 1978-02-14 John Rizzo Prismatic stereoscopic viewer

Cited By (34)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2150311A (en) * 1983-11-19 1985-06-26 Midlands Video Systems Limited Viewing system
GB2167919A (en) * 1984-11-09 1986-06-04 John Taube Video-stereoscopic-image-producing system
FR2621205A1 (fr) * 1987-09-29 1989-03-31 Pochet Roger Systeme d'observation d'images stereoscopiques sur ecran de television
FR2643158A1 (fr) * 1989-02-14 1990-08-17 Malifaud Pierre Dispositif pour la projection d'images en couleurs et/ou l'enregistrement d'images a partir d'objets colores, notamment dans les domaines de la video, du cinema, de la photographie, et procede de fabrication du dispositif
WO1991002278A1 (fr) * 1989-08-01 1991-02-21 Godfrey Michael Cohen Visionneuse stereo
US5255028A (en) * 1992-05-15 1993-10-19 Kevin Biles Apparatus and method for producing 3-dimensional images
GB2268283B (en) * 1992-06-20 1996-01-03 Atomic Energy Authority Uk Stereo images from a monocular instrument
EP0577268A1 (fr) * 1992-06-20 1994-01-05 United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority Système optique
GB2268283A (en) * 1992-06-20 1994-01-05 Atomic Energy Authority Uk Stereoscopic optical system
EP0764869A3 (fr) * 1992-12-17 1997-04-09 Sharp Kk
EP0602934A2 (fr) * 1992-12-17 1994-06-22 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Dispositif d'affichage autostéréoscopique
EP0602934A3 (fr) * 1992-12-17 1995-03-01 Sharp Kk Dispositif d'affichage autostéréoscopique.
US5726800A (en) * 1992-12-17 1998-03-10 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Autostereoscopic directional display apparatus
US5703717A (en) * 1993-11-12 1997-12-30 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Three-dimensional projection display apparatus
EP0654951B1 (fr) * 1993-11-19 1999-12-01 Terumo Kabushiki Kaisha Système d'affichage d'image stéréoscopique
US5774261A (en) * 1993-11-19 1998-06-30 Terumo Kabushiki Kaisha Image display system
US6115058A (en) * 1993-12-03 2000-09-05 Terumo Kabushiki Kaisha Image display system
US5568314A (en) * 1993-12-03 1996-10-22 Terumo Kabushiki Kaisha Image display apparatus
WO1995021398A1 (fr) * 1994-02-07 1995-08-10 Terumo Kabushiki Kaisha Dispositif de visualisation d'images
WO1995021397A1 (fr) * 1994-02-07 1995-08-10 Terumo Kabushiki Kaisha Dispositif de visualisation d'images
US5644427A (en) * 1994-02-07 1997-07-01 Terumo Kabushiki Kaisha Image display apparatus
US5976017A (en) * 1994-02-09 1999-11-02 Terumo Kabushiki Kaisha Stereoscopic-image game playing apparatus
US6011580A (en) * 1994-06-07 2000-01-04 Terumo Kabushiki Kaisha Image display apparatus
US6061489A (en) * 1994-10-12 2000-05-09 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Light source and display
EP0708351A3 (fr) * 1994-10-21 1996-07-31 Sharp Kk Source de la lumière et appareil d'affichage
WO1996031797A1 (fr) * 1995-04-05 1996-10-10 Astrid Kabus Procede et dispositif de generation d'images en 3d
ES2143400A1 (es) * 1998-02-25 2000-05-01 Serra Jose Maria Simon Conjunto optico-electronico para el visionado tridimensional y en relieve de imagenes reales.
ES2145706A1 (es) * 1998-02-25 2000-07-01 Simon Serra Jose Maria Conjunto optico-electronico para el visionado tridi mensional y en relieve de imagenes reales.
WO1999044092A1 (fr) * 1998-02-25 1999-09-02 Simon Serra Jose Ma Ensemble optique et electrique pour la visualisation tridimensionnelle et en relief d'images reelles
WO2003003100A1 (fr) * 2001-06-29 2003-01-09 Alejo Trevijano Jose Javier Système de vision autostéréoscopique
ES2180445A1 (es) * 2001-06-29 2003-02-01 Trevijano Jose Javier Alejo Sistema de vision autoestereoscopica
RU2609285C1 (ru) * 2015-11-05 2017-02-01 Общество ограниченной ответственности "СофтЛаб-НКС" (ООО "СофтЛаб-НСК") Способ формирования многопланового изображения и мультифокальный стереоскопический дисплей
WO2017078566A1 (fr) * 2015-11-05 2017-05-11 Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью "Софтлаб-Нск" Procédé de formation d'une image à plans multiples et afficheur stéréoscopique à foyers multiples
RU2609285C9 (ru) * 2015-11-05 2017-05-17 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "СофтЛаб-НСК" (ООО "СофтЛаб-НСК") Способ формирования многопланового изображения и мультифокальный стереоскопический дисплей

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS58502068A (ja) 1983-12-01
EP0095492A1 (fr) 1983-12-07

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