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WO1983001400A1 - Elimination au laser de materiaux adherant a des surfaces - Google Patents

Elimination au laser de materiaux adherant a des surfaces Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1983001400A1
WO1983001400A1 PCT/US1982/001489 US8201489W WO8301400A1 WO 1983001400 A1 WO1983001400 A1 WO 1983001400A1 US 8201489 W US8201489 W US 8201489W WO 8301400 A1 WO8301400 A1 WO 8301400A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
hull
set forth
method set
source
laser
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1982/001489
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Of Chelsea Corporation First
Raymond L. Wingrove
Original Assignee
First Of Chelsea Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by First Of Chelsea Corp filed Critical First Of Chelsea Corp
Priority to AU91246/82A priority Critical patent/AU9124682A/en
Publication of WO1983001400A1 publication Critical patent/WO1983001400A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
    • B23K26/03—Observing, e.g. monitoring, the workpiece
    • B23K26/032—Observing, e.g. monitoring, the workpiece using optical means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B7/00—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass
    • B08B7/0035—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass by radiant energy, e.g. UV, laser, light beam or the like
    • B08B7/0042—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass by radiant energy, e.g. UV, laser, light beam or the like by laser
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B59/00—Hull protection specially adapted for vessels; Cleaning devices specially adapted for vessels
    • B63B59/06—Cleaning devices for hulls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K7/00—Cutting, scarfing, or desurfacing by applying flames
    • B23K7/06—Machines, apparatus, or equipment specially designed for scarfing or desurfacing

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to the non- contacting removal of undesired surface materials from objects by use of coherent electromagne ic radiation *• * ⁇ * 5 derived from devices commonly known as lasers .
  • a par ⁇ ticular example involves marine fouling on a ship ' s hull .
  • the accumulation of barnacles leads to loss of sailing efficiency in the form of increased fuel consump tion and/or loss of speed. Losses anywhere from 5 percent to 30 percent are representative . Needless to say , this problem also reduces the speed and range of the ship .
  • One current practice for removing barnacles requires dry- docking at periodic intervals with the barnacles being removed by scraping and sandblas ting while the vessel is in dry-dock.
  • Another current practice involves the use of underwater brushes at intermediate stages to partially 20 remove fouling .
  • U.S. patent 4,131,484 relates to a laser machining operation and while it refers to an electronic cleaning concurrent with the " laser machining, such electronic cleaning occurs by electrically energizing the device which is being laser machined.
  • the present invention comprises a new and unique method for efficiently and effectively removing undesired materials from the surfaces of objects in a non- contacting fashion through the use of coherent electro ⁇ magnetic radiation as is provided by devices commonly known as lasers.
  • the in ⁇ vention may also be practiced without the necessity of dry-docking; in other words, the de-fouling operations may be conducted underwater. Because the cleaning operation is accomplished without damage to the underlying object, the invention may be practiced where objects of much lighter weight and greater delicacy than the hull of the ship are in ⁇ volved. Accordingly, it is further contemplated that the invention may be practiced for cleaning aluminum air ⁇ craft skin, automotive surfaces and other more fragile material. A wide variety of types of undesired materials may also be removed. These undesired materials may accumulate through biological growth, sedimentation, depositions, chemical actions, or in other ways. They may also comprise coatings or materials which were originally applied intentionally to a surface, but which now must be stripped from the surface.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic view illustrating the inven ⁇ tion being practiced in the context of cleaning a ship's hull.
  • Fig. 2 is a perspective view illustrating a dry- • dock at which the invention is being practiced.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating further detail of the apparatus shown in Fig. 2.
  • Fig. 4 is a block diagram illustrating a further embodiment for the practice of the invention.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates the practice of the invention in the context of removing marine fouling from the hull of a ship.
  • This drawing figure shows a set of three mirrors designated by the " reference numeral 2, a focusing lens 3 and a source of coherent electromagnetic radiation 1, commonly referred to as a laser.
  • the laser generates a laser beam designated by the reference letter B.
  • the beam is emitted from the laser and directed toward the first mirror 2.
  • the heam is turned and reflected by the first mirror 2.
  • a second mirror 2 and finally the third mirror 2 may be needed. After reflection from the first or third mirror the beam passes through the " lens 3 to be focused to a concentrated point on the surface 4 of the ship's hull which is being
  • the drawing further schematically illustrates (on an enlarged scale) a barnacle 5 which has adhered to the surface 4 of the vessel.
  • a barnacle attaches itself to a marine surface by 5 depositing a bonding material in the form of barnacle cement between itself and the marine surface.
  • This barnacle cement provides a tenacious bond which makes the barnacle very difficult to remove.
  • the illustrated arrangement of laser mirrors and focusing lens allows a laser beam to be focused at a concentrated point and optically swept so as to concentrate the power of the laser at the surface of the ship's hull where barnacles are attached.
  • the energy input to the point of attach- ent of the barnacle to the. ship's hull is of such a nature that the bond due to the barnacle cement is broken, thereby separating the barnacle from the hull.
  • the laser energy input may give rise to thermal conditions whereby the undesired material is melted or vaporized by virtue of the temperature of the undesired material being elevated above its melting, boiling, or decomposition point. It is also conceivable that the surface of the object may be melted, vaporized, or decomposed to a limited depth thereby also causing removal of undesired material.
  • Energy absortion for creating shock, vapori ⁇ zation, melting, decomposition, etc. is a function of the physical characteristics of the object and the unde ⁇ sired material. It is anticipated the shock removal procedure offers the most economical approach for clean- ing surfaces from a commercial standpoint since less material would have to be brought to elevated tempera ⁇ tures ' thereby enabling lasers of lower average power output to be used.
  • assistive devices and procedures may be used in conjunction with the laser.
  • assist gas could be directed onto the object to blow away melted material and/or to help oxidize, or even chemically re ⁇ cute, heated material, similar to the manner used to enhance laser cutting processes.
  • One particular advantage of lasers involves the capability for focusing the coherent light of the laser beam to a very small spot. This means that power den- f "" 7 sities as great as 10 w/cm can be achieved with a laser having a continuous output of several hundred watts.
  • peak power density is an important parameter for a procedure, high average power is desirable for com- pie ing large cleaning jobs in reasonable time.
  • peak power density and pulse width are im ⁇ portant parameters can be understood from considering what happens when a surface is suddenly, almost instan ⁇ taneously heated. As heat is applied to the exterior surface of a material, that surface is simultaneously being cooled by the inward conduction of heat. Thus the rate of temperature rise at the surface depends on both the intensity of the heat source and the rate of heat conduction by the material. In the case of the removal of barnacles ' both the barnacle shell and the barnacle cement are transparent to laser beams at wavelengths of 10.6 micrometers and 1.06 micrometers.
  • the present invention may be used to remove previously applied coatings such as the anti-fouling paint referred to earlier.
  • a layer of paint or similar material has been applied to the surface of an object the characteristics of the paint or material will be important in determining the best procedure for its removal. Certain materials may require a complete heating of the thinkness of the layer which will require longer times .
  • a layer may be susceptible " to shock removal by heating the surface of the underlying material to a high temperature by means of laser beam pulses ' of a very short pulse duration at high intensity.
  • the invention may also be " used to advantage for purposes " of cleaning the interior of a ship's hull.
  • Current procedures for cleaning the " interior of the hull create airborne " matter such as dust, particulates, and vapors in the confined interior space. Cleaning personnel " are exposed to these substances.
  • the interior cleaning can be accom- plished in an efficient and an effective " manner without the degree of personnel " exposure to such materials which occurs with the current cleaning procedures such as sand ⁇ blasting.
  • the " sandblasting procedure has the further disadvantage that the sand itself must be cleaned up and removed.
  • Fig. 2 illustrates an example of a dry-dock 7 which . is occupied by a vessel 10.
  • Apparatus for prac- ticing the invention is designated by the reference numeral 6 and is shown in association with dry-dock 7.
  • the apparatus comprises a laser cart 8 which is mounted for horizontal travel lengthwise of the dry-dock on a rail 9. The rail is disposed to one side of vessel 10.
  • the apparatus includes.
  • Fig. 3 illustrates further detail of the apparatus which directs the laser beam from the laser cart to the surface of the ship's hull.
  • the reflecting mirrors 2 are disposed to turn the laser beam so that it is directed against the " ship's, hull and the focusing mechanism 12 is operated to adjust the function of lens 3 so that the desired power density of the laser beam is obtained.
  • the apparatus 6 illustrated in Fig. 2 ' may be operated in such ' a matter that the laser beam travels horizontally lengthwise of the ship (i.e. with the cart) at a particular level of elevation. After the " beam has made a pass along the length of the ship the elevation is adjusted to a different level " (i.e. indexed) for the return pass. In this way the procedure may be repeated over the full extent of the hull surface which is to be cleaned. Alternatively , the beam may travel vertically and then at the end of each vertical pass the cart is indexed horizontally a suitable increment before the next pass , this procedure being repeated until one half (side) of the ship ' s hull has been cleaned. The apparatus may then be repositioned on the opposite side of the dry-dock to clean the opposite side of the hull or a second laser cart may be used to clean both hull halves simultan- eously.
  • adjustable controls which may be set to vary certain of the laser operating parameters such as the mode.of operation of the laser (either continuous or pulsed) , the energy output, and in the case of pulsed operation the pulse width and repeti ⁇ tion rate. Additional controls are provided for setting the rate at which the laser beam travels over the hull, and these would involve the rate of travel of laser cart 8 on rail 9 as well as the vertical travel of the laser beam.
  • Fig. 4 illustrates details of a laser cart 8 which may be used in the practice of the invention.
  • the laser cart of Fig. 4 is basically like tha of Fig. 3, but there are certain differences.
  • the apparatus of Fig. 4 comprises a cart 8 which travels on a track alongside the dry-dock.
  • the laser mounted on cart 8 is the laser 1.
  • These individual components represent conventional devices which are presently used in the laser field.
  • Also associated with the system as an- ciliary devices are a visible laser 18, 1 TV camera 19, and a TV monitor 20.
  • the dichroic mirrors are mirrors which are re ⁇ flective at some wavelengths and transmissive at other wavelengths.
  • the mirrors reflect the high power laser beam emitted by laser 1.
  • the mirror 13 transmits the visible laser beam from the visible laser 18, after being reflected by mirror 2, and mirror 14 reflects the beam from the visible laser after it has passed through mirror 13.
  • the beam expander 15 is provided to expand the high power " laser beam for the purpose of decreasing the power density in the optical components or to decrease the divergence so as to make the laser beam focusable to smaller spots. While the use of a beam expander is pre- ferred, the necessity of using a beam expander depends upon the power and divergence characteristics of the particular high power laser.
  • the focusing optics 16 are for the purpose of changing the shape of the laser beam. Like the beam ex ⁇ pander the usage of the focusing optics is preferred; however, whether focusing optics are actually required will depend upon the parameters involved in a specific application of the invention. Hence, it is contemplated that for certain practices of the invention the use of a beam expander may be unnecessary.
  • the focusing optics 16 are for the purpose of changing the shape of the laser beam. Like the beam ex ⁇ pander the usage of the focusing optics is preferred; however, whether focusing optics are actually required will depend upon the parameters involved in a specific application of the invention. Hence, it is contemplated
  • the invention may be practiced at times without the need to include focusing optics.
  • the focusing optics could comprise lenses which are spherical to converge or diverge the beam and/or cylindrical to change the beam shape.
  • the beam deflectors 17 are provided for the pur ⁇ pose of deflecting the laser beam over the surface of the object.
  • the beam deflectors could consist of either scan mirrors or rotating rings with mirror-faceted sides. If only a single deflector is used, scanning could be in the direction orthogonal to the motion of the cart (i.e., vertical to the horizontal cart travel) . If two deflectors are used the beam can be deflected both horizontally and vertically. Hence, by incorporating the beam deflectors in the cart, it may be unnecessary to also use the articulated arm structure of Fig. 2.
  • FIG. 1 shows the apparatus to be spaced laterally from the hull of the ship it is conceivable that an arrangement could be provided whereby the cart might roll in actual contact with the surface being cleaned.
  • the closed circuit TV system while being pre ⁇ ferred for use with the practice of the invention, is an optional feature. Hence the invention may be practiced without the necessity of such a closed TV system.
  • the purpose is to provide to operating personnel a view of the cleaning operation while it is in progress.
  • the view may be useful in that it may reveal situations where the operator may want to redo a portion of the surface or to make adjustments to the laser where " the presence of un ⁇ desired material is greater.
  • the invention may be used for cleaning the " submerged hull without dry-doeking of the vessel.
  • Either " all or a portion of the apparatus may be submerged and the laser beam directed onto the hull.
  • a suitable chamber may be designed to mount directly on the hull over an area to be cleaned and evacuated so as to be water-free .
  • the laser beam passes through the water-free space directly onto the hull .
  • the chamber may be moved on the hull from area to area to completely clean the submerged portion of the hull .
  • the scale may be flushed from the pipe as it is dislodged from the wall.
  • the invention may also be used in connection with removal of rust from the surface of an object.
  • certain untreated steels exposed to air will in ⁇ herently, over time, develop a coating of rust on the exterior surface.
  • the present invention is applied to remove the rus from the surface of the steel.
  • the rust has been removed and the underlying surface of the steel has been cleaned to a polished appearance.
  • an acrylic base paint may be a material which is susceptible to removal by the practice of the present invention. In general optimum overall removal rates can be attained by using maximum power density with an appropriate scan rate.
  • the invention provides a new and unique pro ⁇ cedure for cleaning the surfaces of objects.
  • the inven- tion has wide application and is particularly useful in the context of removing undesired material from the hull of a ship. While examples of application of the inven ⁇ tion have been shown and while specific examples of apparatus for practicing the invention has also been shown, it will be appreciated that principles of the in ⁇ vention may be applied to other applications and the in ⁇ vention practiced with other embodiments of apparatus .

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Cleaning In General (AREA)
  • Lasers (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

L'élimination sans contact de matériaux non désirés adhérant à des surfaces d'objets est exécutée en dirigeant la radiation électromagnétique cohérente émise par un laser (1) contre le matériau non désiré. La densité de puissance de la radiation incidente permet d'éliminer efficacement le matériau non désiré sans endommager l'objet sous-jacent. Les principes de la présente invention peuvent être appliqués dans nombreuses situations de nettoyage de surfaces comprenant le nettoyage de surfaces marines. Pour nettoyer la coque d'un navire (4), la radiation laser est conduite par des miroirs (2) et focalisée (3) sur la coque (4). Les bernacles (5) subissent un choc et sont délogés de la coque (4).
PCT/US1982/001489 1981-10-22 1982-10-21 Elimination au laser de materiaux adherant a des surfaces WO1983001400A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU91246/82A AU9124682A (en) 1981-10-22 1982-10-21 Laser removal of materials from surfaces

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US31389481A 1981-10-22 1981-10-22
US313,894811022 1981-10-22

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1983001400A1 true WO1983001400A1 (fr) 1983-04-28

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1982/001489 WO1983001400A1 (fr) 1981-10-22 1982-10-21 Elimination au laser de materiaux adherant a des surfaces

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0091947A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1983001400A1 (fr)

Cited By (32)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0195825A2 (fr) * 1985-02-20 1986-10-01 Robert Langen Procédé d'enlèvement d'impuretés, notamment de rouille, d'une surface métallique
WO1990007988A1 (fr) * 1989-01-17 1990-07-26 Agence Regionale De Developpements Technologiques Nettoyage d'une surface avec un laser
FR2661371A1 (fr) * 1990-04-25 1991-10-31 Aron Rosa Daniele Procede et dispositif de restauration d'óoeuvre d'art.
DE4241575A1 (de) * 1992-12-10 1994-06-16 Baldwin Gegenheimer Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum kontaktfreien Entfernen von Schmutz von Gegenständen, insbesondere von Druckmaschinen-Zylindern
US5463951A (en) * 1993-01-20 1995-11-07 Baldwin-Gegenheimer Gmbh Printing machine spray device
US5499668A (en) * 1993-11-02 1996-03-19 Hitachi, Ltd. Process for making electronic device
US5531857A (en) * 1988-07-08 1996-07-02 Cauldron Limited Partnership Removal of surface contaminants by irradiation from a high energy source
US5643476A (en) * 1994-09-21 1997-07-01 University Of Southern California Laser system for removal of graffiti
US5643472A (en) * 1988-07-08 1997-07-01 Cauldron Limited Partnership Selective removal of material by irradiation
GB2316528A (en) * 1996-08-14 1998-02-25 Commissariat Energie Atomique Process for cleaning or decontaminating an object by means of an ultraviolet laser beam together with apparatus for implementing the process
US5821175A (en) * 1988-07-08 1998-10-13 Cauldron Limited Partnership Removal of surface contaminants by irradiation using various methods to achieve desired inert gas flow over treated surface
US5958268A (en) * 1995-06-07 1999-09-28 Cauldron Limited Partnership Removal of material by polarized radiation
US6048588A (en) * 1988-07-08 2000-04-11 Cauldron Limited Partnership Method for enhancing chemisorption of material
US6144010A (en) * 1997-05-12 2000-11-07 Sumitomo Heavy Industries, Ltd. Method of removing coating film with laser beam and laser processing system
EP1340556A2 (fr) * 2002-03-01 2003-09-03 Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FO.R.T.H.), Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser Procédé et dispositif pour nettoyer des surfaces avec des impulsions laser temporairement coincidentes de deux longueurs d'onde différentes
DE19801013B4 (de) * 1998-01-14 2005-06-02 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Verfahren zur Abtragung von Oberflächenschichten mittels deckschichtenverstärkter laserinduzierter Schockwellen
EP1598121A2 (fr) 2004-05-18 2005-11-23 Airbus Deutschland GmbH Procédé de décapage par laser
US7633033B2 (en) 2004-01-09 2009-12-15 General Lasertronics Corporation Color sensing for laser decoating
US7946301B1 (en) 2007-12-12 2011-05-24 John Walsh Laser powered automobile window cleaning system and method
WO2013141810A1 (fr) * 2012-03-21 2013-09-26 Ngee Ann Polytechnic Appareil et procédé de nettoyage au laser
CN105290051A (zh) * 2015-11-10 2016-02-03 宁波中物东方光电技术有限公司 用于轴类零件的激光清洁装置
CN105327901A (zh) * 2015-11-10 2016-02-17 宁波中物东方光电技术有限公司 轴类零件的激光清洗装置
US9370842B2 (en) 2007-03-22 2016-06-21 General Lasertronics Corporation Methods for stripping and modifying surfaces with laser-induced ablation
WO2016107829A1 (fr) * 2014-12-30 2016-07-07 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Système pour anti-encrassement biologique
CN106199951A (zh) * 2016-08-12 2016-12-07 武汉光谷航天三江激光产业技术研究院有限公司 一种激光清洗机的紧凑型单轴扫描装置
US9895771B2 (en) 2012-02-28 2018-02-20 General Lasertronics Corporation Laser ablation for the environmentally beneficial removal of surface coatings
US10086597B2 (en) 2014-01-21 2018-10-02 General Lasertronics Corporation Laser film debonding method
US10112257B1 (en) 2010-07-09 2018-10-30 General Lasertronics Corporation Coating ablating apparatus with coating removal detection
CN110560429A (zh) * 2019-09-06 2019-12-13 苏州艾思兰光电有限公司 一种变电站刀闸激光清洗系统
CN111085507A (zh) * 2020-01-08 2020-05-01 南通大学 一种圆筒镍网激光清洗机
DE102021121861A1 (de) 2021-08-24 2023-03-02 Laser Zentrum Hannover E.V. Vorrichtung zum Abtöten von Organismen in einem Wasser mit Licht
US11982156B2 (en) 2021-08-18 2024-05-14 Petróleo Brasileiro S.A.-Petrobras Laser mandrel for removal of scale in production equipment

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US3503804A (en) * 1967-04-25 1970-03-31 Hellmut Schneider Method and apparatus for the production of sonic or ultrasonic waves on a surface
US3922991A (en) * 1973-06-25 1975-12-02 John W Woods Apparatus for cleaning metallic surfaces
US4028135A (en) * 1976-04-22 1977-06-07 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Method of cleaning surfaces by irradiation with ultraviolet light
US4131484A (en) * 1978-02-13 1978-12-26 Western Electric Company, Inc. Frequency adjusting a piezoelectric device by lasering

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3503804A (en) * 1967-04-25 1970-03-31 Hellmut Schneider Method and apparatus for the production of sonic or ultrasonic waves on a surface
US3922991A (en) * 1973-06-25 1975-12-02 John W Woods Apparatus for cleaning metallic surfaces
US4028135A (en) * 1976-04-22 1977-06-07 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Method of cleaning surfaces by irradiation with ultraviolet light
US4131484A (en) * 1978-02-13 1978-12-26 Western Electric Company, Inc. Frequency adjusting a piezoelectric device by lasering

Cited By (54)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0195825A3 (fr) * 1985-02-20 1987-07-29 Robert Langen Procédé d'enlèvement d'impuretés, notamment de rouille, d'une surface métallique
EP0195825A2 (fr) * 1985-02-20 1986-10-01 Robert Langen Procédé d'enlèvement d'impuretés, notamment de rouille, d'une surface métallique
US6048588A (en) * 1988-07-08 2000-04-11 Cauldron Limited Partnership Method for enhancing chemisorption of material
US5821175A (en) * 1988-07-08 1998-10-13 Cauldron Limited Partnership Removal of surface contaminants by irradiation using various methods to achieve desired inert gas flow over treated surface
US5643472A (en) * 1988-07-08 1997-07-01 Cauldron Limited Partnership Selective removal of material by irradiation
US5531857A (en) * 1988-07-08 1996-07-02 Cauldron Limited Partnership Removal of surface contaminants by irradiation from a high energy source
WO1990007988A1 (fr) * 1989-01-17 1990-07-26 Agence Regionale De Developpements Technologiques Nettoyage d'une surface avec un laser
EP0380387A1 (fr) * 1989-01-17 1990-08-01 Agence Regionale De Developpements Technologiques - Ardt - Nettoyage d'une surface avec un laser
FR2661371A1 (fr) * 1990-04-25 1991-10-31 Aron Rosa Daniele Procede et dispositif de restauration d'óoeuvre d'art.
US5592879A (en) * 1992-12-10 1997-01-14 Baldwin-Gegenheimer Gmbh Method and apparatus for the contact-free removal of dirt from the cylinders of printing machines
DE4241575A1 (de) * 1992-12-10 1994-06-16 Baldwin Gegenheimer Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum kontaktfreien Entfernen von Schmutz von Gegenständen, insbesondere von Druckmaschinen-Zylindern
US5463951A (en) * 1993-01-20 1995-11-07 Baldwin-Gegenheimer Gmbh Printing machine spray device
US5499668A (en) * 1993-11-02 1996-03-19 Hitachi, Ltd. Process for making electronic device
US5643476A (en) * 1994-09-21 1997-07-01 University Of Southern California Laser system for removal of graffiti
US5958268A (en) * 1995-06-07 1999-09-28 Cauldron Limited Partnership Removal of material by polarized radiation
GB2316528A (en) * 1996-08-14 1998-02-25 Commissariat Energie Atomique Process for cleaning or decontaminating an object by means of an ultraviolet laser beam together with apparatus for implementing the process
GB2316528B (en) * 1996-08-14 2000-07-12 Commissariat Energie Atomique Process for cleaning or decontaminating an object an object by means of an ultraviolet laser beam together with apparatus for implementing the process
US6144010A (en) * 1997-05-12 2000-11-07 Sumitomo Heavy Industries, Ltd. Method of removing coating film with laser beam and laser processing system
US6384370B1 (en) 1997-05-12 2002-05-07 Sumitomo Heavy Industries, Ltd. Method of removing a coating film with a laser beam
DE19801013B4 (de) * 1998-01-14 2005-06-02 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Verfahren zur Abtragung von Oberflächenschichten mittels deckschichtenverstärkter laserinduzierter Schockwellen
EP1340556A2 (fr) * 2002-03-01 2003-09-03 Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FO.R.T.H.), Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser Procédé et dispositif pour nettoyer des surfaces avec des impulsions laser temporairement coincidentes de deux longueurs d'onde différentes
GR20020100116A (el) * 2002-03-01 2003-11-17 Ιδρυμα Τεχνολογιας Και Ερευνας (Ι.Τ.Ε.) Μεθοδος και συστημα για τον καθαρισμο επιφανειων με τη συγχρονη χρηση παλμων laser δυο διαφορετικων μηκων κυματος
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