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US9271215B2 - Pico cell-selection/handover for TDM eICIC heterogenous networks - Google Patents

Pico cell-selection/handover for TDM eICIC heterogenous networks Download PDF

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Publication number
US9271215B2
US9271215B2 US14/384,421 US201214384421A US9271215B2 US 9271215 B2 US9271215 B2 US 9271215B2 US 201214384421 A US201214384421 A US 201214384421A US 9271215 B2 US9271215 B2 US 9271215B2
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range extension
cell range
received
cell
modified
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Expired - Fee Related
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US14/384,421
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US20150111576A1 (en
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Klaus Ingemann Pedersen
Beatriz Soret
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Nokia Technologies Oy
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Nokia Solutions and Networks Oy
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/24—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters
    • H04W36/26—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters by agreed or negotiated communication parameters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W48/00—Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
    • H04W48/20—Selecting an access point
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
    • H04W16/24—Cell structures
    • H04W16/26—Cell enhancers or enhancement, e.g. for tunnels, building shadow
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
    • H04W84/04—Large scale networks; Deep hierarchical networks
    • H04W84/042—Public Land Mobile systems, e.g. cellular systems
    • H04W84/045—Public Land Mobile systems, e.g. cellular systems using private Base Stations, e.g. femto Base Stations, home Node B

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus, a method, a system, and a computer program product related to improving the handover and/or cell selection. More particularly, the present invention relates to an apparatus, a method, a system, and a computer program product for improved handover and/or cell selection in heterogeneous networks.
  • HetNet HetNet
  • TDM Time Domain
  • eICIC Inter-Cell Interference-Coordination
  • UE cell selection/handover is typically based on UE measurements of Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP).
  • RSRP Reference Signal Received Power
  • the RSRP-based cell selection can be adapted to HetNets by adding a positive bias (Cell Range Extension CRE) to the received RSRP value in order to balance the load macro-pico.
  • CRE Cell Range Extension CRE
  • the footprint (coverage area) of the pico-cell is expanded by the application of the CRE offset.
  • PUEs a victim pico UEs
  • the macro eNB is prevented from transmitting on certain subframes, called Almost Blank Subframes (ABS).
  • ABS Almost Blank Subframes
  • an apparatus comprising first cell range extension checking means adapted to check if a first received cell range extension received from a first cell is larger than 0; second cell range extension checking means adapted to check if a second received cell range extension received from a second cell is larger than 0, wherein the second cell is different from the first cell; setting means adapted to set, if both the first received cell range extension and the second received cell range extension are larger than 0, a first modified cell range extension based on the first received cell range extension and a second modified cell range extension based on the second received cell range extension, wherein for at least one combination of values of the first and second received cell range extensions at least one of the first and second modified cell range extensions is different from the respective received cell range extension, and to set, if at least one of the first received cell range extension and the second received cell range extension is equal to 0, the first modified cell range extension equal to the first received modified cell range extension and the second modified cell range extension equal to the second received cell range extension; selecting means adapted to select
  • the apparatus may further comprise attaching means adapted to attach the apparatus to the cell selected by the selecting means.
  • the first and second signal strength indicators may be respective reference signal received powers or the first and second signal strength indicators may be respective reference signal received qualities.
  • the setting means may be adapted to set, if both the first received cell range extension and the second received cell range extension are larger than 0, the first modified cell range extension and the second modified cell range extension such that an absolute value of a difference between the first modified cell range extension and the second modified cell range extension is not larger than a threshold.
  • the apparatus may further comprise comparing means adapted to compare which of the first received cell range extension and the second received cell range extension is the larger one; and the setting means may be adapted to set, if the first received cell range extension is not smaller than the second received cell range extension, the first modified cell range extension equal to the minimum among the first received cell range extension and a sum of the second received cell range extension and the threshold, and to set, if the first received cell range extension is smaller than the second received cell range extension, the second modified cell range extension equal to the minimum among the second received cell range extension and a sum of the first received cell range extension and the threshold.
  • the threshold may be 0.
  • the setting means may be adapted to set, if both the first received cell range extension and the second received cell range extension are larger than 0, the first modified cell range extension equal to a the first received cell range extension multiplied by a factor and the second modified cell range extension equal to the second received cell range extension multiplied by the factor, wherein the factor is less than 1.
  • an apparatus comprising first cell range extension checking processor adapted to check if a first received cell range extension received from a first cell is larger than 0; second cell range extension checking processor adapted to check if a second received cell range extension received from a second cell is larger than 0, wherein the second cell is different from the first cell; setting processor adapted to set, if both the first received cell range extension and the second received cell range extension are larger than 0, a first modified cell range extension based on the first received cell range extension and a second modified cell range extension based on the second received cell range extension, wherein for at least one combination of values of the first and second received cell range extensions at least one of the first and second modified cell range extensions is different from the respective received cell range extension, and to set, if at least one of the first received cell range extension and the second received cell range extension is equal to 0, the first modified cell range extension equal to the first received modified cell range extension and the second modified cell range extension equal to the second received cell range extension; selecting processor adapted to select
  • the apparatus may further comprise attaching processor adapted to attach the apparatus to the cell selected by the selecting processor.
  • the first and second signal strength indicators may be respective reference signal received powers or the first and second signal strength indicators may be respective reference signal received qualities.
  • the setting processor may be adapted to set, if both the first received cell range extension and the second received cell range extension are larger than 0, the first modified cell range extension and the second modified cell range extension such that an absolute value of a difference between the first modified cell range extension and the second modified cell range extension is not larger than a threshold.
  • the apparatus may further comprise comparing processor adapted to compare which of the first received cell range extension and the second received cell range extension is the larger one; and the setting processor may be adapted to set, if the first received cell range extension is not smaller than the second received cell range extension, the first modified cell range extension equal to the minimum among the first received cell range extension and a sum of the second received cell range extension and the threshold, and to set, if the first received cell range extension is smaller than the second received cell range extension, the second modified cell range extension equal to the minimum among the second received cell range extension and a sum of the first received cell range extension and the threshold.
  • the threshold may be 0.
  • the setting processor may be adapted to set, if both the first received cell range extension and the second received cell range extension are larger than 0, the first modified cell range extension equal to a the first received cell range extension multiplied by a factor and the second modified cell range extension equal to the second received cell range extension multiplied by the factor, wherein the factor is less than 1.
  • a user equipment comprising an apparatus according to any of the first and second aspects.
  • a system comprising an apparatus according to any of the first and second aspects; a first base station with the first cell; a second base station with the second cell; wherein the first base station transmits the first received cell range extension in the first cell and the second base station transmits the second received cell range extension in the second cell.
  • a method comprising checking if a first received cell range extension received from a first cell is larger than 0; checking if a second received cell range extension received from a second cell is larger than 0, wherein the second cell is different from the first cell; setting, if both the first received cell range extension and the second received cell range extension are larger than 0, a first modified cell range extension based on the first received cell range extension and a second modified cell range extension based on the second received cell range extension, wherein for at least one combination of values of the first and second received cell range extensions at least one of the first and second modified cell range extensions is different from the respective received cell range extension, setting, if at least one of the first received cell range extension and the second received cell range extension is equal to 0, the first modified cell range extension equal to the first received modified cell range extension and the second modified cell range extension equal to the second received cell range extension; and selecting one of the first cell and the second cell for cell selection and/or handover based on a comparison of a sum of
  • the method may be a method of cell selection and/or handover.
  • the method may further comprise attaching an apparatus performing the method to the selected cell.
  • the first and second signal strength indicators may be respective reference signal received powers or the first and second signal strength indicators may be respective reference signal received qualities.
  • the first modified cell range extension and the second modified cell range extension may be set such that an absolute value of a difference between the first modified cell range extension and the second modified cell range extension is not larger than a threshold.
  • the method may further comprise comparing which of the first received cell range extension and the second received cell range extension is the larger one; and, if the first received cell range extension is not smaller than the second received cell range extension, the first modified cell range extension may be set equal to the minimum among the first received cell range extension and a sum of the second received cell range extension and the threshold, and, if the first received cell range extension is smaller than the second received cell range extension, the second modified cell range extension may be set equal to the minimum among the second received cell range extension and a sum of the first received cell range extension and the threshold.
  • the threshold may be 0.
  • the first modified cell range extension may be set equal to a the first received cell range extension multiplied by a factor and the second modified cell range extension may be set equal to the second received cell range extension multiplied by the factor, wherein the factor is less than 1.
  • a computer program product including a program comprising software code portions being arranged, when run on a processor of an apparatus, to perform the method according to the fourth aspect.
  • the computer program product may comprise a computer-readable medium on which the software code portions are stored, and/or the computer program product program may be directly loadable into a memory of the processor.
  • the CRE offsets used for cell selection/handover may be based on the received CREs but modified such that interference from other cells different from the serving one does not become too severe.
  • a difference between these modified CRE offsets may be limited to be not more than a threshold TH.
  • a UE in this area is served by the NodeB with the strongest signal+modified CRE.
  • interference impact is reduced and at the same time the load balance between eNBs is preserved.
  • the modified CREs may be a fraction of the CREs. Thus, their influence on cell selection/handover is reduced and may not overwhelm the interference reduction required with respect to the non-serving cells.
  • FIG. 1 shows a heterogeneous network with a single pico eNB
  • FIG. 2 shows a heterogeneous network with two pica eNB
  • FIG. 3 shows an apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 4 shows a method according to an embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 5 shows a method according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 6 shows a method according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • the apparatus is configured to perform the corresponding method, although in some cases only the apparatus or only the method are described.
  • pico-cells may be configured with a CRE positive offset (bias). Different pico-cells may apply different CRE bias depending on their own capacities and load conditions.
  • FIG. 2 shows a network comprising a macro eNB and two pico eNBs (eNB 1 and eNB 2 ) with differently extended areas, and a PUE.
  • pico eNB 1 is applying a small CRE offset
  • pica eNB 2 has been configured with a high value of CRE offset, leading to a much larger extended area.
  • the PUE gets measures of the RSRP of the two cells, being RSRP eNB 1 >RSRPeNB 2 . Without CRE offset, the PUE would connect to pico eNB 1 . However, due to the imbalanced CRE offset between both pico cells, the PUE connects to pico eNB 2 .
  • TDM eICIC techniques (with the transmission of ABS) protect the PUE in the range extended area from macro interference.
  • the PUE is not protected from interference from pico eNB 1 because pico cells are not muted (no ABS).
  • the PUE will suffer interference from pico eNB 1 and low signal strength from the serving pico eNB 2 during the whole connection (if not moved to another location). This interference becomes more severe the more the difference between CRE offsets.
  • the RSRP+CRE-based cell selection/handover for the case of pico-cells is adapted.
  • the CRE offsets used in the cell-selection/handover may be modified based on the received CREs when the two candidates (in case of handover: the serving cell and a candidate for handover) are pico-cells applying positive bias.
  • the maximum difference CRE eNB1 -CRE eNB2 may be limited to be at maximum TH.
  • FIG. 3 shows an apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • the apparatus may be a user equipment.
  • the apparatus according to FIG. 3 may perform the method of FIG. 4 but is not limited to this method.
  • the method of FIG. 4 may be performed by the apparatus of FIG. 3 but is not limited to being performed by this apparatus.
  • the apparatus comprises first cell range extension checking means 1 , second cell range extension checking means 2 , modifying means 3 , and selecting means 4 .
  • the first and second cell range extension checking means 1 and 2 check if the first and second cell range extensions received from the first and second cell, respectively, are larger than 0 (S 1 , S 2 ).
  • first and modified CREs are set by the setting means 3 based on the respective received CREs (S 4 ). For at least one combination of values, at least one of the first and second modified CREs is different from the respective received CRE.
  • the first and second modified CREs are set by the setting means 3 equal to the respective received CREs (S 3 ).
  • the selecting means 4 selects one of the first and second cells for cell selection/handover based on a sum of a respective received signal strength from these cells and the respective modified CRE (S 5 ).
  • Parameters for signal strength may be e.g. RSRP and/or RSRQ.
  • FIG. 5 shows a flow diagram of a particular cell-selection/handover method according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • the modified method may be performed by an apparatus as according to FIG. 3 .
  • FIG. 5 shows an exemplary embodiment, according to which an absolute value of a difference between the modified CRE values is limited to a threshold.
  • step S 10 it is evaluated if the CRE received from eNodeB 1 is larger than 0. If not, i.e. if it is 0 (no in step S 10 ), the CRE offsets are not modified for cell selection/handover, i.e. the modified CRE offsets are the same as the received CRE offset (S 60 ).
  • step S 10 if CRE of eNodeB 1 is larger than 0 (yes in step S 10 ), according to step S 20 , it is it is evaluated if the CRE of eNodeb 2 is larger than 0. If not, i.e. if it is 0 (no in step S 20 ), the CRE offsets are not modified for cell selection/handover, i.e. the modified CRE offsets are the same as the received CRE offset (S 60 ).
  • step S 30 it is evaluated if the received CRE of eNodeB 1 is smaller than the received CRE of eNodeB 2 . If not (no in step S 30 ), according to step S 50 the modified CRE offset of eNodeB 1 is set to the minimum between the received CRE of eNodeB 1 and the received CRE of eNodeB 2 +TH, wherein TH is a predefined threshold value.
  • step S 40 the modified CRE offset of eNodeB 2 is set to the minimum between the received CRE of eNodeB 2 and the received CRE of eNodeB 1 +TH.
  • the cell selection/handover is performed based on the modified CRE offsets (S 70 ).
  • the first condition to be fulfilled in order to set the modified CREs different from the received CREs is that the received CREs of both cells are positive (i.e. it is not a cell selection/handover involving a macro cell or a pico-cell with not configured CRE).
  • Limiting the maximum difference of modified CRE values on which the cell selection/handover is based has the following effect: if the signal from a first pico cell is stronger than that of a second pico cell by more than the threshold TH, the first pico cell will always be selected. Thus, the interference problem is strongly mitigated and at the same time the load balancing function is preserved. On the other hand, if the difference is less than the threshold TH, the selection will be based on RSRP+(modified) CRE, wherein the modified CRE is the same as the unmodified CRE. Thus, the intended preference according to the CRE settings will be preserved in an area where the interference problem is not too severe.
  • the same effect may be achieved if the difference of the first and second received CREs is evaluated and, if it is larger than the threshold TH, the modified CREs are set such that the larger one of the CREs is equal to the sum of the smaller one of the received CREs plus the threshold TH.
  • both modified CREs are set to 0, which corresponds to performing cell selection/handover based on signal strength (e.g. RSRP) only (see FIG. 6 ).
  • signal strength e.g. RSRP
  • Another way to enhance the priority of interference mitigation over the priorities of cell selection expressed by positive CREs is basing the decision on cell selection/handover on modified CREs, which are obtained by multiplying the received CREs with a factor less than 1.
  • 3GPP TS 36.331 should be modified.
  • the measurement event A3 is used in the UE for cell selection.
  • event A3 is defined as follows (3GPP TS 36.331 v10.3.0):
  • Event A3 (Neighbour becomes offset better than PCell)
  • the UE shall: 1> consider the entering condition for this event to be satisfied when condition A3-1, as specified below, is fulfilled; 1> consider the leaving condition for this event to be satisfied when condition A3-2, as specified below, is fulfilled; NOTE
  • the cell(s) that triggers the event is on the frequency indicated in the associated measObject which may be different from the (primary) frequency used by the PCell.
  • Inequality A3-1 Entering condition
  • Inequality A3-2 (Leaving condition) Mn+Ofn+Ocn+Hys ⁇ Mp+Ofp+Ocp+Off
  • Ocn is the CRE of the neighbour cell and Ocp the CRE of the serving cell (PCell).
  • the CRE of each cell in the list of candidates is configured in the field cellIndividualOffset of the associated measObject.
  • event A3 is modified as follows (exemplarily shown for the method of FIG. 5 ; changes underlined):
  • Event A3 (Neighbour becomes offset better than PCell)
  • the UE shall: 1> consider the entering condition for this event to be satisfied when condition A3-1, as specified below, is fulfilled; 1> consider the leaving condition for this event to be satisfied when condition A3-2, as specified below, is fulfilled; NOTE
  • the cell(s) that triggers the event is on the frequency indicated in the associated measObject which may be different from the (primary) frequency used by the PCell.
  • Inequality A3-1 Entering condition
  • Inequality A3-2 (Leaving condition) Mn+Ofn+Ocn+Hys ⁇ Mp+Ofp+Ocp+Off
  • embodiments of the invention may be implemented as a new event in addition to event A3.
  • Embodiments of the invention are described with respect to macro eNB and pica eNB. However, embodiments of the invention may be applied to any kind of base stations where a cell range extension (CRE) is applied. In particular, embodiments of the invention may be applied to homogeneous networks, too.
  • CRE cell range extension
  • Embodiments of the invention are described with respect to 3GPP Rel. 10. However, embodiments of the invention may be applied to any radio technology comprising cell selection based on a cell range extension, in particular any other 3GPP release.
  • Embodiments of the invention are described for two NodeBs which may potentially serve the user equipment. However, in embodiments of the invention, more than two NodeBs may potentially serve the user equipment.
  • the selection process is performed between the serving cell (in case of handover) or a first candidate cell (in case of cell selection) and each of the candidate cells separately, e.g. in decreasing order of RSRP, according to the above described embodiments of the invention.
  • RSRP as a criterion for cell selection and/or handover.
  • RSRQ signal strength indicators
  • a UE may be a user equipment, a terminal, a mobile phone, a laptop, a smartphone, a tablet PC, or any other device that may attach to the mobile network.
  • a base station may be a NodeB, an eNodeB or any other base station of a radio network.
  • exemplary embodiments of the present invention provide, for example a user equipment apparatus such as a UE, or a component thereof, an apparatus embodying the same, a method for controlling and/or operating the same, and computer program(s) controlling and/or operating the same as well as mediums carrying such computer program(s) and forming computer program product(s).
  • Implementations of any of the above described blocks, apparatuses, systems, techniques or methods include, as non limiting examples, implementations as hardware, software, firmware, special purpose circuits or logic, general purpose hardware or controller or other computing devices, or some combination thereof.

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  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
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PCT/EP2012/054289 WO2013135269A1 (fr) 2012-03-12 2012-03-12 Transfert/sélection de pico-cellule pour réseaux hétérogènes tdm eicic

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US9942820B2 (en) * 2013-12-02 2018-04-10 Apple Inc. Systems and methods for cross-cell carrier aggregation for coverage balance improvement
US9693271B2 (en) * 2013-12-13 2017-06-27 Intel Corporation Adaptive cell range expansion mechanisms for LTE cells
KR102273878B1 (ko) 2014-07-02 2021-07-06 삼성전자 주식회사 무선 통신 시스템에서 셀 간 부하 분산 방법 및 장치
WO2016033736A1 (fr) 2014-09-02 2016-03-10 华为技术有限公司 Procédé de sélection de cellules dans un réseau sans fil, station de base et équipement d'utilisateur
CN106465207B (zh) * 2014-10-15 2019-11-29 华为技术有限公司 异构网中负载分流的方法和网络侧设备

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3GPP TS 36.331 V10.3.0 (Sep. 2011) "3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Radio Resource Control (RRC); Protocol specification (Release 10)"; pp. 1-296; 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP); Mobile Competence Centre; 650, Route des Lucioles; F-06921 Sophia-Antipolis Cedex; France, (296 pages).
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3GPP TSG RAN2 Meeting #73, Taipei, Taiwan, Feb. 21-25, 2011, R1-111293, "Discussions on CRE bias", Pantech, 4 pgs.
3GPP TSG-RAN WG1 Meeting 62bis, Oct. 11-15, 2010 in Xi'an, China, R1-105503, "Simulation Results for Frequency Domain ICIC in HetNets-Macro and Pico Cells with Range Extension", Panasonic, 10 pgs.

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