+

US7597722B2 - Process for making polyamide textile articles bearing designs in different colors - Google Patents

Process for making polyamide textile articles bearing designs in different colors Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US7597722B2
US7597722B2 US10/545,878 US54587804A US7597722B2 US 7597722 B2 US7597722 B2 US 7597722B2 US 54587804 A US54587804 A US 54587804A US 7597722 B2 US7597722 B2 US 7597722B2
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
polyamide
groups
yarn
dyeing
meq
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US10/545,878
Other versions
US20070000065A1 (en
Inventor
Michael Eroshov
Alon Weiser
Thierry Mamodaly
Ran Rotem
Boris Streltses
Ariel Yedvab
Juliana Katz
Alexander Yermolaev
Samuel Gazit
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nilit Ltd
Original Assignee
Nilit Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nilit Ltd filed Critical Nilit Ltd
Assigned to NILIT LTD. reassignment NILIT LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: MAMODALY, THIERRY, EROSHOV, MICHAEL, WEISER, ALON, KATZ, JULIANA, YEDVAB, ARIEL, GAZIT, SAMUEL, ROTEM, RAN, STRELTSES, BORIS, YERMOLAEV, ALEXANDER
Publication of US20070000065A1 publication Critical patent/US20070000065A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US7597722B2 publication Critical patent/US7597722B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06PDYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P3/00Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
    • D06P3/82Textiles which contain different kinds of fibres
    • D06P3/8204Textiles which contain different kinds of fibres fibres of different chemical nature
    • D06P3/8209Textiles which contain different kinds of fibres fibres of different chemical nature mixtures of fibres containing amide groups
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06PDYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P3/00Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
    • D06P3/02Material containing basic nitrogen
    • D06P3/04Material containing basic nitrogen containing amide groups
    • D06P3/24Polyamides; Polyurethanes
    • D06P3/241Polyamides; Polyurethanes using acid dyes
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06PDYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P3/00Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
    • D06P3/02Material containing basic nitrogen
    • D06P3/04Material containing basic nitrogen containing amide groups
    • D06P3/24Polyamides; Polyurethanes
    • D06P3/242Polyamides; Polyurethanes using basic dyes
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/23907Pile or nap type surface or component
    • Y10T428/23993Composition of pile or adhesive
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24802Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24851Intermediate layer is discontinuous or differential
    • Y10T428/2486Intermediate layer is discontinuous or differential with outer strippable or release layer
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2913Rod, strand, filament or fiber
    • Y10T428/2933Coated or with bond, impregnation or core

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for making polyamide fabrics and textile articles bearing patterns or designs in different and distinct colors by a process, which comprises a single dyeing step.
  • This invention refers to chemical dyeing, in particular of polyamide yarns.
  • Chemical dyeing is affected by using acid or anionic dyes that bond chemically to the amino end-groups (primary amines), or to other amine (secondary and tertiary), of the polyamide chains, or basic or cationic dyes, that bond chemically to the carboxyl end-groups, or to other active sites, like sulfonate-groups, of the polyamide chains.
  • the mechanism of Nylon dyeing has been thoroughly investigated and described in “Challenges in the Art and Science of Dyeing” AATCC symposium (No. 32), 1983. The rate of diffusion, hydrogen and ionic bonding of the dyestuff to the polyamide and the dyeing mechanism have been reported.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 4,017,255 describes a process for manufacturing of fiber materials containing at least two groups of differentially dyeable nylon filaments of two types.
  • a first filament type for cationic dyeing purposes is composed of nylon having content of about 90 to 110 meq per gram of carboxyl end groups and amino end groups content of about 20 to 30 meq per gram.
  • a second filament type, for anionic purposes which is composed of nylon having content of about 20 to 30 meq per gram of carboxyl end groups and amino end groups content of about 90 to 110 meq per gram.
  • the two types of textile filaments can be simultaneously dyed with an anionic and cationic dyestuff.
  • Nylon has been modified to improve its dyeability with cationic dyes by adding sulfonate compound to the PA 6,6 to provide sulfonate groups which can be activated to react with cationic dyestuff, as described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,142,662, U.S. Pat. No. 3,389,549, U.S. Pat. No. 3,542,743, etc.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 4,295,329 teaches the use of a first yarn which contains sulfonate sites for cationic dyeing, and of a second yarn which is of regular or deep acid-dyeing capability. This process is suitable for the preparation of heavy denier bulked yarns within the range of 1500-5000 total denier, mostly for carpet applications.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 3,389,549 teaches that for providing polyamides with cationic dyeing capability, the PA 6,6 should have a level of at least 60 sulfonate equivalents, while amino end groups contents is within 10-30 meq per kg.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 3,542,743 teaches that the sulfonate groups of modified nylon molecules can be activated to react with cationic dyestuff under acidic conditions independently of carboxyl groups. It has been shown that the sulfonate groups can be effectively dyed by cationic dyeing techniques, and they have good light fastness properties.
  • US Pre-Grant Publication US 2003/0220037 describes an iridescent fabric comprising a cationic-dyeable nylon polymer yarn and an acid-dyeable yarn, which can be dyed in a single bath using an acid dye and a cationic dye.
  • the dyeability of the cationic-dyeable yarn of the iridescent fabric is ensured by providing sulfonate group concentration of about 55 meq per gram polymer, amino-end group concentration of no greater than 40 meq per kg polymer. In this specific formulation there is an insignificant difference in the concentration between sulfonate end groups and amino end groups to affect the cationic dyeability of the sulfonate yean.
  • the deeply dyeing property of the second yarn is provided only for anionic-dyeable nylon yarn using an enhanced level of amine end-groups of about 70 meq per kg polymer.
  • the cationic-dyeable yarn does not have the deeply dyeing property, since there is a relatively low level of sulfonate groups, and significantly high amino-end groups content in the cationic-dyeable yarn prevents the sulfonate groups from being available for cationic dyeing.
  • the fabric that described in Publication US 2003/0220037 dyes in two colors simultaneously, the contrast of the colors is not as distinct and sharp as it could be.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 4,017,255 teaches a process for the manufacturing of fiber materials containing at least two groups of differentially dyed Nylon filaments, each having a different carboxyl end-group content.
  • European patent application EP 409,093 teaches a method for reducing the number of amino end-groups by reacting polyamide fibers and combining them with normal polyamide fibers, thus resulting in a two-tone yarn. This process is mainly useful for stain blocking in the carpet industry.
  • Polyamide yarns particularly those made from polycapronamide (Nylon 6), polyhexamethylene adipamide (Nylon 6,6), or polyhexamethylene sebacamide (Nylon 6,10) can be used in the textile industry in both knitting and weaving with high efficiency to form high quality and fashionable garments.
  • These polyamides, especially Nylon 6,6, are used in the production of knitted leg-wear and body-wear garment. In these products, dyeing efficiency and cost effective dyeing processes are important considerations.
  • fabrics having patterns or designs in two different colors are meant herein fabrics which comprise surface areas of a first color and surface areas of a second color, regardless of the shape and positioned relationship of said areas, which may be geometrically simple, such as stripes, or complex, such as intercalated curved shapes or figures in the first color on a background of the second color, and regardless of the technique by which said surface areas are created.
  • the fabrics of the invention are made of polyamide yarns, particularly yarns of poly(hexamethylenediamine-co-adipic acid, (Nylon 6,6), poly(hexamethylenediamine-co-azelaic acid) (Nylon 6,9), poly-(hexamethylenediamine-co-sebacic acid) (Nylon 6,10), or copolymers thereof.
  • the different colors are obtainable one from basic (cationic) dyes and one from acid (anionic) dyes.
  • the two polyamides are modifications of a common polyamide.
  • the dyeing bath comprises: at least one acid dyestuff chosen in the group consisting of the following commercial types: LANACRON brand dyestuff (by Ciba), ACIDOL brand dyestuff (by BASF), LANACYN brand dyestuff (by Clariant), and NEUTRILAN brand dyestuff (by Brunswick); and at least one basic dyestuff chosen in the group consisting of the following commercial types: MAXITON brand dyestuff (by Ciba), YORACRYL brand dyestuff (by Yorkshire), and ASTRAZON brand dyestuff (by Bayer). Additional chemicals are placed in the dyeing bath as commonly practiced in the art, such as buffer solutions (2 gr/liter), sodium chloride (6 gr/liter), soda ash (1 gr/liter), leveling agents (2 gr/liter).
  • FIG. 1 shows a portion of a ladies top in which the body is knitted with one yarn (e.g. high amino) and has a purple color, and carries a pattern of leaves knitted with a second yarn (e.g. low amino) and has a light peach color;
  • one yarn e.g. high amino
  • second yarn e.g. low amino
  • FIG. 2 shows a piece of fabric in which narrow and wide stripes are knitted alternatively with low amino yarn and high amino yarn, dyed in different fashionable colors;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of the process of the invention for making textile articles bearing designs in different colors.
  • Polyamides may be dyed with acid dyes by forming an ionic bond between the dyes and the protonated terminal amine groups present in the polyamide polymer chain. It is known that polyamide fibers having a lowered number of amino end groups have a reduced affinity for acid dyes.
  • the preferred method for achieving a polyamide with lower content of amino end-groups is by making nylon yarn from a polymer having sulfonate group contents in the range of 60-150 meq per kg polymer, preferably 70-100 meq/kg, followed by terminating a majority of amino end groups in the polymer by reacting them with a blocking agent, and thus freeing additional sulfonate groups for cationic dyeing.
  • the blocking agent functions to reduce dyeability of the polyamide is not fully understood, and need not be. It is believed, however, that the blocking agent reacts with the amino end groups in the polyamide and thus reduces a portion of the acid dye sites normally present therein. The polyamide will then have hydroxyl end groups in place of the amine end groups. Regardless of the theory proposed, it is sufficient to point out that the agents operate successfully in the manner disclosed therein.
  • the amount of base dye sites (carboxyl end groups) in the treated polyamide remains essentially the same as in the polymer untreated with the chemical blocking agent. If a polymer having a larger amount of carboxyl end groups is required, it can be made by using more than the stoichiometric amount of a diacide at the polymerization stage.
  • the amounts of chemical blocking agent added to the first fiber-forming polyamide will vary depending on the results desired and the polyamide used in the production of the fiber. Amounts less than 0.2% by weight based on the weight of the polyamide in general do not cause appreciable blocking of the amino end groups and the attendant lowering of dyeability in the polymer. While there is no upper limit with respect to the amount of chemical blocking agent which can be added, it has been found that amounts above about 3% by weight based on the weight of the polyamide do not further reduce the amino end group content by any appreciable extent.
  • the polyamide fibers of the present invention preferably have a terminal amino-group content of less than 25 equivalents per 10 6 grams polymer. For light color usage, the fibers preferably have terminal amino-group content in the range of from about 5 to 18 equivalents per 10 6 grams polymer, more preferably from about 10 to 13 equivalents per 10 6 grams.
  • the polyamides used in the invention can contain delustrants, antioxidants, light stabilizers, heat stabilizers, stainblockers, dye-resists, lubricants, mould release agents, nucleating agents, reinforcing or non-reinforcing fillers, pigments, dyes, antistatic agents plasticizers, antimicrobial agents, molecular weight regulators or other additives, these compounds being added during or after the polymerization reaction.
  • aqueous solution of hexamethylene diammonium adipate (AH salt) and an aqueous solution of hexamethylene diamine (HMD) in an amount of 0.5 mol % with respect to the AH salt are charged into a stainless steel batch autoclave, under a nitrogen blanket.
  • the autoclave is heated in order to distill the water, at a pressure of 18 Kg/cm 2 .
  • the pressure is gradually released over a period of 40 minutes until reaching atmospheric pressure, then the polymer is maintained for additional 50 min at 274° C. under stirring at a slight vacuum.
  • the polyamide is then discharged from the vessel under nitrogen pressure, and chilled by water.
  • the solid polyamide strands are chopped into nylon 6,6 chips.
  • the second polyamide can be prepared at least by the two alternative ways set forth hereinafter as Variant 1 and Variant 2.
  • aqueous solution of hexamethylene diamonium adipate is charged into a stainless steel batch autoclave, under a nitrogen blanket.
  • the autoclave is heated in order to distill the water, at a pressure of 18 Kg/cm.sup.2. As the autoclave temperature reaches 244° C., the pressure is gradually released over a period of 40 minutes. Then the content of the autoclave is kept for 30 minutes at 274° C. under stirring. After that, caprolactone is added into the autoclave in an amount of 1.5% (by weight) of the polymer and the mixture is stirred for an additional 10 minutes. The polymer is then discharged from the vessel under nitrogen pressure, and chilled by water.
  • AH salt hexamethylene diamonium adipate
  • the solid polymer streams (“spaghetti”) are chopped into nylon 6,6 chips.
  • aqueous solution of hexamethylene diamoniumcebacate (CH salt) is charged into a stainless steel batch autoclave, under a nitrogen blanket.
  • the autoclave is heated in order to distill the water, at a pressure of 18 Kg/cm.sup.2. As the autoclave temperature reaches 250° C., the pressure is gradually released over a period of 40 minutes. Then the content of the autoclave is kept for 30 minutes at 275° C. under stirring.
  • the polymer is then discharged from the vessel under nitrogen pressure, and chilled by water.
  • the solid polymer streams (“spaghetti”) are chopped into nylon 6,6 chips.
  • the polyamide chips are subjected to drying in a tumble-dryer to remove excess moisture. Immediately after the chips have been tumble-dried and are, therefore, still hot, e.g., have a temperature of 80-100° C., caprolactone is added into the dryer in an amount of 1.0% (by weight) of the polymer.
  • the chips and the blocking agent are thoroughly tumbled for 6 hours to produce a uniform mixture of chips saturated with the blocking agent prior to melt formation.
  • the polyamide chips are melt-spun into fibers, which are characterized by amine end-group concentration of 10-15 meq/Kg, carboxyl end-group concentration of 74-78 meq/Kg.
  • the chips of the two polyamides are separately spun in a POY process under the following conditions:
  • a salt is formed by mixing water, sebacic acid and hexamethylene diamine (HMD) at a ratio of 1.5:1.03:1.0 respectively, at 55° C. At this temperature, the formed solution is 44% by weight. Hexamethylene diamine sebacate is formed. The solution pH is then adjusted to 7.5-8.0 by adding HMD. Additional HMD in an amount of 0.4 wt % with respect to the Hexamethylene diamine sebacate is added. Distillation and polymerization processes are then carried out in an autoclave for 100 minutes. At 250° C., the pressure is gradually dropped, while the polymerization proceeds, until atmospheric pressure is reached in the reactor, then the polymer is maintained at 274° C. for additional 50 min under stirring at a slight vacuum.
  • HMD hexamethylene diamine
  • the polyamide 6,10 is then discharged from the autoclave under nitrogen pressure, and chilled by water.
  • the discharged solid polyamide strands are chopped to chips.
  • the second polyamide can be prepared at least by the two alternative ways set forth hereinafter as Variant 1 and Variant 2.
  • aqueous solution of hexamethylene diamoniumcebacate (CH salt) is charged into a stainless steel batch autoclave, under a nitrogen blanket.
  • the autoclave is heated in order to distill the water, at a pressure of 18 Kg/cm.sup.2. As the autoclave temperature reaches 250° C., the pressure is gradually released over a period of 40 minutes. Then the content of the autoclave is kept for 30 minutes at 275° C. under stirring.
  • the polymer is then discharged from the vessel under nitrogen pressure, and chilled by water.
  • the solid polymer streams (“spaghetti”) are chopped into nylon 6,6 chips.
  • the polyamide chips are subjected to drying in a tumble-dryer to remove excess moisture.
  • Caprolactone in an amount of 1.6% by weight of the polymer is added along with chips of the polyamide at the feed zone of extruder prior to fiber formation via a feeding pump.
  • the polyamide and caprolactone are then melted together to melt-spun into fibers, which is characterized by amine end-group concentration of 10-13 meq/Kg, carboxyl end-group concentration of 74-78 meq/Kg.
  • aqueous solution of hexamethylene diamonium adipate (AH salt) is charged into a stainless steel batch autoclave, under a nitrogen blanket. Then adipic acid is added in an amount of 0.44% (by weight) of the amount of polyamide in order to increase concentration of carboxyl end-groups.
  • the autoclave is heated in order to distill the water, at a pressure of 18 Kg/cm.sup.2. As the autoclave temperature reaches 244° C., the pressure is gradually released over a period of 40 minutes. Then the content of the autoclave is kept for 40 minutes at 274° C. under stirring. The polymer is then discharged from the vessel under nitrogen pressure, and chilled by water.
  • the solid polymer streams (“spaghetti”) are chopped into nylon 6,6 chips.
  • the polyamide chips are subjected to drying in the tumble-dryer to remove excess moisture.
  • caprolactone is added into the dryer in an amount of 1.0% (by weight) of the polymer.
  • the chips and the blocking agent are thoroughly tumbled for 6 hours to produce a uniform mixture of chips saturated with the blocking agent prior to melt formation.
  • the polyamide chips are melt-spun into fibers, which are characterized by amine end-group concentration of 8-12 meq/Kg, carboxyl end-group concentration of 103-106 meq/Kg.
  • the first polyamide can be prepared at least by the three alternative ways set forth hereinafter as Variant 1, Variant 2, and Variant 3.
  • the polyamide is then discharged from the vessel under nitrogen pressure, and chilled by water.
  • the solid polyamide strands are chopped into nylon 6,6 chips.
  • the second polyamide can be prepared at least by the two alternative ways set forth hereinafter as Variant 1 and Variant 2.
  • aqueous solution of 2377 g hexamethylene diammonium adipate (AH salt), and aqueous 50% solution of salt of 41.2 kg of 5-sulfoisophthalic acid and equimolar amount of HMD is charged into a stainless steel batch autoclave, under a nitrogen blanket.
  • the autoclave is heated in order to distill the water, at a pressure of 18 Kg/cm.sup.2.
  • the pressure is gradually released over a period of 40 minutes to atmospheric pressure.
  • the contents of the autoclave are kept for 40 minutes at 274° C. under stirring.
  • the polymer is then discharged from the vessel under nitrogen pressure, and chilled by water.
  • the solid polymer streams (“spaghetti”) are chopped into nylon 6,6 chips.
  • the polyamide chips are subjected to drying in the tumble-dryer to remove excess moisture. Immediately after the chips have been tumble-dried and are, therefore, still hot, e.g., having a temperature of 80-100° C., caprolactone is added into the dryer in an amount of 1.1% (by weight) of the polymer.
  • the chips and the blocking agent are thoroughly tumbled for 8 hours to produce a uniform mixture of chips saturated with the blocking agent prior to melt formation.
  • the polyamide chips are melt-spun into fibers, which are characterized by amine end-group concentration of 8-15 meq/Kg, sulfonate-group concentration of 74-76 meq/Kg and carboxyl end group concentration of 75-85 meq/Kg.
  • aqueous solution of 2377 g hexamethylene diammonium adipate (AH salt), and aqueous 50% solution of salt of 41.2 kg of 5-sulfoisophthalic acid and equimolar amount of HMD is charged into a stainless steel batch autoclave, under a nitrogen blanket.
  • the autoclave is heated in order to distill the water, at a pressure of 18 Kg/cm.sup.2.
  • the pressure is gradually released over a period of 40 minutes until reaching atmospheric pressure.
  • the contents of the autoclave are kept for 40 minutes at 274° C. under stirring.
  • the polymer is then discharged from the vessel under nitrogen pressure, and chilled by water.
  • the solid polymer streams (“spaghetti”) are chopped into nylon 6,6 chips.
  • the polyamide chips are subjected to drying in a tumble-dryer to remove excess moisture.
  • Caprolactone in an amount of 1.6% by weight of the polymer is added along with chips of the polyamide at the feed zone of extruder prior to fiber formation via a feeding pump.
  • the polyamide and caprolactone are then melted together to melt-spun into fibers, which is characterized by amine end-group concentration of 5-15 meq/Kg, carboxyl end-group concentration of 72-78 meq/Kg, and sulfonate group concentration of 74-76 meq/Kg.
  • the chips of the two polyamides are separately spun in a POY process under the same conditions as in Example 1.
  • FIG. 1 shows a portion of a ladies top in which the body is knitted with a first yarn and a pattern of leaves knitted with a second yarn.
  • the first yarn is high amino polyamide and has a purple color
  • the second yarn is low amino polyamide and has a light peach color
  • different combinations of high and low amino yarns could be used in the same way and the skilled person can choose from a high number of color combinations, depending on fashion and on the decorative results that he intends to achieve.
  • FIG. 2 shows several pieces of fabric in which narrow and wide stripes are knitted alternatively with low amino yarn and high amino yarn and dyed in different fashionable colors. Said pieces are only examples, as the skilled person can choose from a high number of color combinations.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of the process of the invention and is self-explanatory in view of the foregoing description. It is seen that garments having patterns in two different colors are obtained by a single dyeing, the single bath comprising two selectively accept the two different colors.
  • the following is a recommendation for a dyeing procedure for garments made with the yarns of first and second polyamides.
  • the fabric was immersed in the bath, and the solution was then heated at a rate of 1.5° C./min to a temperature of 98° C. and kept at this temperature for a period of about 60 minutes. The solution was then cooled to a temperature of about 40° C. at approximately the same rate. The bath was then drained from the solution and filled again with water. The fabric was washed twice in clean water at a temperature of about 30° C. and was then passed through soaping, fixing and softening processes which were all standard procedures known in the art.
  • the first four dyestuffs are the most recommended acid-metal dyestuffs for the SENSIL COLORWISE.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Coloring (AREA)

Abstract

Process for manufacturing a fabric having distinctive and sharp differentially colored patterns or designs, which process comprises the steps of: (a) producing a first and a second polyamide, said polyamides having different concentrations of amine groups; (b) producing a first and a second polyamides having different concentrations of carboxyl end-groups and sulfonate groups; (c) producing a first yarn from said first polyamide and a second yarn from said second polyamide; (d) making a fabric having first surface areas defined by said first yarn and second surface areas defined by said second yarn; and (e) chemically dyeing said fabric in a dyeing bath comprising at least one anionic (acid) dyestuff and at least one cationic (basic) dyestuff, whereby said first yarn and therefore said first surface areas are dyed predominantly by said anionic dyestuff and said second yarn and therefore said second surface areas are dyed predominantly by said cationic dyestuff.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a process for making polyamide fabrics and textile articles bearing patterns or designs in different and distinct colors by a process, which comprises a single dyeing step.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention refers to chemical dyeing, in particular of polyamide yarns. Chemical dyeing is affected by using acid or anionic dyes that bond chemically to the amino end-groups (primary amines), or to other amine (secondary and tertiary), of the polyamide chains, or basic or cationic dyes, that bond chemically to the carboxyl end-groups, or to other active sites, like sulfonate-groups, of the polyamide chains. The mechanism of Nylon dyeing has been thoroughly investigated and described in “Challenges in the Art and Science of Dyeing” AATCC symposium (No. 32), 1983. The rate of diffusion, hydrogen and ionic bonding of the dyestuff to the polyamide and the dyeing mechanism have been reported. Even small changes in the amino end-groups content may affect the uptake of the acid dyestuff by the yarn in the dyeing bath, and thus affect the depth of the dyeing and the color intensity of the garment. The process of controlling the dyeing depth of Nylon by acid dyestuff via variation in the amino end-group concentration is well known in the art. U.S. Pat. No. 3,511,815 teaches that by obtaining high amine-end group (120-150 meq/kg), the Nylon 6,6 exhibits increased dyeability.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,017,255 describes a process for manufacturing of fiber materials containing at least two groups of differentially dyeable nylon filaments of two types. A first filament type, for cationic dyeing purposes is composed of nylon having content of about 90 to 110 meq per gram of carboxyl end groups and amino end groups content of about 20 to 30 meq per gram. A second filament type, for anionic purposes, which is composed of nylon having content of about 20 to 30 meq per gram of carboxyl end groups and amino end groups content of about 90 to 110 meq per gram. Wherein, the two types of textile filaments can be simultaneously dyed with an anionic and cationic dyestuff.
However, as mentioned in U.S. Pat. No. 3,951,599, U.S. Pat. No. 3,542,473, U.S. Pat. No. 4,017,255 has a drawback, since the carboxyl end-group sites have a limited dyeing strength, i.e. acidity, thus such end groups do not dye optimally by cationic dyeing procedures. The application of cationic dyes, which react with the carboxyl end-groups of the nylon molecules, results in dyed nylon having unacceptable color fastness properties. In other words, it is possible to improve the effective cationic dyeing of the filaments that are described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,017,255, by other formulations. It has also been noted that yarn spinning of PA 6,6 having the high amino end-group content is difficult using normal manufacturing facilities, and they are known for their poor spinning efficiency, i.e. increased occurrence of breaks and drips, most likely due to gel formation.
Nylon has been modified to improve its dyeability with cationic dyes by adding sulfonate compound to the PA 6,6 to provide sulfonate groups which can be activated to react with cationic dyestuff, as described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,142,662, U.S. Pat. No. 3,389,549, U.S. Pat. No. 3,542,743, etc.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,295,329 teaches the use of a first yarn which contains sulfonate sites for cationic dyeing, and of a second yarn which is of regular or deep acid-dyeing capability. This process is suitable for the preparation of heavy denier bulked yarns within the range of 1500-5000 total denier, mostly for carpet applications.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,389,549 teaches that for providing polyamides with cationic dyeing capability, the PA 6,6 should have a level of at least 60 sulfonate equivalents, while amino end groups contents is within 10-30 meq per kg. U.S. Pat. No. 3,542,743 teaches that the sulfonate groups of modified nylon molecules can be activated to react with cationic dyestuff under acidic conditions independently of carboxyl groups. It has been shown that the sulfonate groups can be effectively dyed by cationic dyeing techniques, and they have good light fastness properties. Also, sulfonate groups impart anionic dye-resistant properties to the nylon by forming a salt with amino end groups, thereby rendering these amine groups no longer available to react with anionic dyes. Such yarns, spun from the modified nylon, for example, with sodium salt of 5-sulfoisophthalic acid, dye particularly well by cationic dyestuff, while in the presence of anionic dyestuff, in the same bath.
US Pre-Grant Publication US 2003/0220037 describes an iridescent fabric comprising a cationic-dyeable nylon polymer yarn and an acid-dyeable yarn, which can be dyed in a single bath using an acid dye and a cationic dye. The dyeability of the cationic-dyeable yarn of the iridescent fabric is ensured by providing sulfonate group concentration of about 55 meq per gram polymer, amino-end group concentration of no greater than 40 meq per kg polymer. In this specific formulation there is an insignificant difference in the concentration between sulfonate end groups and amino end groups to affect the cationic dyeability of the sulfonate yean. In the same Publication The deeply dyeing property of the second yarn is provided only for anionic-dyeable nylon yarn using an enhanced level of amine end-groups of about 70 meq per kg polymer. The cationic-dyeable yarn does not have the deeply dyeing property, since there is a relatively low level of sulfonate groups, and significantly high amino-end groups content in the cationic-dyeable yarn prevents the sulfonate groups from being available for cationic dyeing. In summary, although the fabric that described in Publication US 2003/0220037 dyes in two colors simultaneously, the contrast of the colors is not as distinct and sharp as it could be.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,328,431 describes the use of butyrolactone for reducing the number of amino end-groups and British Patent 1,142,297 describes the use of (-caprolactone for the same purpose.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,017,255 teaches a process for the manufacturing of fiber materials containing at least two groups of differentially dyed Nylon filaments, each having a different carboxyl end-group content.
European patent application EP 409,093 teaches a method for reducing the number of amino end-groups by reacting polyamide fibers and combining them with normal polyamide fibers, thus resulting in a two-tone yarn. This process is mainly useful for stain blocking in the carpet industry.
Co-pending patent application 141240, the contents of which are entirely incorporated herein by reference, discloses a process for the manufacturing of a differentially dyeable yarn, comprising the steps of:
    • producing two polyamides having a different concentration of amine end-groups:
    • spinning yarns from said two polyamides; and
    • producing a yarn by intermingling said spun yarns made from said two polyamides, in texturing, or draw twisting, or draw winding processes. Preferably, the two polyamides are made from the same monomer or co-monomers.
Polyamide yarns, particularly those made from polycapronamide (Nylon 6), polyhexamethylene adipamide (Nylon 6,6), or polyhexamethylene sebacamide (Nylon 6,10) can be used in the textile industry in both knitting and weaving with high efficiency to form high quality and fashionable garments. These polyamides, especially Nylon 6,6, are used in the production of knitted leg-wear and body-wear garment. In these products, dyeing efficiency and cost effective dyeing processes are important considerations.
It is a purpose of the present invention to provide a process for preparing fabrics—woven, knitted or non-woven—having patterns or designs in at least two different colors, which process comprises a single dyeing operation. By “fabrics having patterns or designs in two different colors” is meant herein fabrics which comprise surface areas of a first color and surface areas of a second color, regardless of the shape and positioned relationship of said areas, which may be geometrically simple, such as stripes, or complex, such as intercalated curved shapes or figures in the first color on a background of the second color, and regardless of the technique by which said surface areas are created. The fabrics of the invention are made of polyamide yarns, particularly yarns of poly(hexamethylenediamine-co-adipic acid, (Nylon 6,6), poly(hexamethylenediamine-co-azelaic acid) (Nylon 6,9), poly-(hexamethylenediamine-co-sebacic acid) (Nylon 6,10), or copolymers thereof. Preferably, the different colors are obtainable one from basic (cationic) dyes and one from acid (anionic) dyes.
According to the present art, such fabrics having patterns or designs in different colors are obtained by providing two sets of yarns adapted to be dyed by different dyes, separately dyeing or pre-dyeing said two sets of yarns, and weaving or knitting a fabric from said dyed yarns so as to achieve a desired color pattern and, if the yarns are partially pre-dyed, finishing the final garment with a dyeing process. This is a fairly complex procedure, that requires at least two different dyeing operations or the availability of yarns with different colors, and is therefore expensive, and it limits the economical number of colors and shades that the manufacturer can use in making a textile product.
It is a purpose of this invention to provide a process for the manufacture of a fabric having distinct and sharp differentially colored patterns or designs that is free of the drawbacks of the prior art, or cross staining of the yarns by the other dyes.
It is another purpose of this invention to provide a single-step dyeing process for manufacturing such a fabric that is simple and inexpensive.
Other purposes and advantages of the invention will become apparent as the description proceeds.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The invention provides a process of manufacturing a fabric having differentially colored patterns or designs, which process comprises the steps of:
  • 1. producing a first polyamide having an increased amount of amino end-groups and other amino sites for enhanced anionic dyeing
  • 2. producing a second polyamide modified by a sulfonate compound to enhance cationic dyeing
  • 3. reduce the amino-end groups content in the second polyamide by a blocking agent to improve dyeability of the second polymer with cationic dyes, and simultaneously to reduce the anionic dyeing of the second polyamide by anionic dyestuff.
  • 4. dyeing said fabric in a dyeing bath comprising at least one anionic (acid) dyestuff and at least one cationic (basic) dyestuff, whereby said first yarn and therefore said first surface areas are dyed predominantly by said anionic dyestuff and said second yarn and therefore said second surface areas are dyed predominantly by said cationic dyestuff. The term amino group relates to primary (end groups) secondary end tertiary amino groups as detected by conventional methods known to the person skilled in the art.
The method by which the fabric is made is not relevant to the invention. Thus, for instance, the invention applied equally to woven and to knitted fabrics.
The two polyamides may have and generally have different amounts of carboxyl end-groups as well as of amino end-groups, and this has an influence on the dyeability of the respective yarns, which is easily appreciated by persons skilled in the dyeing art. It should be understood that said first yarn is not insensitive to cationic dyes, but is poorly dyed by them, and this is what is meant by saying that it is predominantly dyed by anionic dyestuff; and, likewise, said second yarn is not insensitive to anionic dyes, but is poorly dyed by them, and this is what is meant by saying that it is predominantly dyed by cationic dyestuff. Yet, the polyamides are designed to minimize cross staining, and thus make it possible to achieve significant differentiation in sharp colors
Preferably, but not exclusively, the two polyamides are modifications of a common polyamide.
According to preferred embodiments of the invention, the difference between the two polyamides in the amount of amino groups is from 45 to 145 meq/kg. According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, the amino group amount of the first polyamide is in the range of 70-150 meq/kg, and that of the second polyamide is in the range of 5-25 meq/kg. Another difference between the two polyamides is that the first polymer may have secondary and tertiary amines in the polymer chain, while the second polyamide has no such amine groups present in the chain. Also, preferably, the carboxyl end-group amount of the first polyamide is in the range of 30-45 meq/kg, and that of the second polyamide is in the range of 60-120 meq/kg. Furthermore, the second polyamide contains sulfonate groups (SO3H) in the range of 50-150 meq/g, and preferably 70-100 meq/kg.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the polyamides are selected among Nylon 6,6, Nylon 6,9 and Nylon 6,10.
Preferably, the dyeing bath comprises: at least one acid dyestuff chosen in the group consisting of the following commercial types: LANACRON brand dyestuff (by Ciba), ACIDOL brand dyestuff (by BASF), LANACYN brand dyestuff (by Clariant), and NEUTRILAN brand dyestuff (by Yorkshire); and at least one basic dyestuff chosen in the group consisting of the following commercial types: MAXITON brand dyestuff (by Ciba), YORACRYL brand dyestuff (by Yorkshire), and ASTRAZON brand dyestuff (by Bayer). Additional chemicals are placed in the dyeing bath as commonly practiced in the art, such as buffer solutions (2 gr/liter), sodium chloride (6 gr/liter), soda ash (1 gr/liter), leveling agents (2 gr/liter).
The preferred parameters and process steps of the dyeing operations are the following:
    • Mixing the dyeing chemicals at 40° C. for 10 minutes.
    • Raising the temperature to 98° C. at a rate of 1° C./min.
    • Holding for 30-45 minutes and then lowering the temperature to 70° C. at a rate of 1° C. per minute.
    • The rinsing the products with standard detergents and fixing the dye on the product by common fixing agents, as well known in the art
The textile articles made from said fabrics having differentially colored patterns or designs and the process of making them are also aspects of the invention.
Another aspect of the invention is a process of making a textile article having differentially colored patterns or designs, which process comprises manufacturing at least one fabric as described hereinbefore and forming the textile article, by known textile techniques, so as to arrange said colored patterns or designs to obtain a predetermined ornamental effect. It will be understood that the different patterns or designs of the fabrics made according to the invention are so shaped and colored that such a predetermined ornamental effect can be obtained when the fabrics are processed into given textile articles.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
In the drawings:
FIG. 1 shows a portion of a ladies top in which the body is knitted with one yarn (e.g. high amino) and has a purple color, and carries a pattern of leaves knitted with a second yarn (e.g. low amino) and has a light peach color;
FIG. 2 shows a piece of fabric in which narrow and wide stripes are knitted alternatively with low amino yarn and high amino yarn, dyed in different fashionable colors; and
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of the process of the invention for making textile articles bearing designs in different colors.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
As has been said, the present invention deals with fabrics made from polyamides, particularly Nylon 6,6(poly(hexamethylenediamine-co-adipic acid), Nylon 6,9(poly(hexamethylenediamine-co-azelaic acid), and Nylon 6,10(poly-(hexame-thylenediamine-co-sebacic acid) and thus, have the advantage of achieving the high quality properties with respect to tenacity, abrasion resistance, elongation, thermal properties and chemical resistance, that are typical of the Nylons.
Processes for modifying the number of amino end-groups, both for increasing and for decreasing the amino end-group content are known in the art.
In carrying out this invention, the preferred method for deepening the anionic dyeing of the polyamide, via increasing the amino groups, is achieved by making nylon yarn having high amino group contents in the range of 70-150 meq per kg polymer. It can be performed by adding diamine (hexamethylenediamine) monomer in excess, or modifiers for deep dyeing like N,N′-(bis-aminopropyl)piperazine, S-EED N,N′-Bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidinyl)1,3-benzenedicarboxamide (sold as Nylostab@ S-EED by CLARIANT) etc., or combination thereof into polymerization medium at polymerization stage.
Polyamides may be dyed with acid dyes by forming an ionic bond between the dyes and the protonated terminal amine groups present in the polyamide polymer chain. It is known that polyamide fibers having a lowered number of amino end groups have a reduced affinity for acid dyes. In carrying out this invention, the preferred method for achieving a polyamide with lower content of amino end-groups is by making nylon yarn from a polymer having sulfonate group contents in the range of 60-150 meq per kg polymer, preferably 70-100 meq/kg, followed by terminating a majority of amino end groups in the polymer by reacting them with a blocking agent, and thus freeing additional sulfonate groups for cationic dyeing.
A representative procedure for reducing the dyeability of polyamide fibers is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,328,341 to Corbin et al., and British Patent No. 1,142,297 to Burrows et al.
Corbin et al. describes the use of butyrolactone to reduce the acid dye affinity of nylons by the reduction of the number of amino end groups. Burrows et al. discloses the process for reducing affinity for acid dyestuffs by reacting polyamides with (-caprolactone. According to the process, the chemical blocking occurs by the addition of a compound which chemically interacts with the free amino end groups in the nylon polymer. For example, lactones, lactides, lactams, anhydrides, α,β-unsaturated acids and their esters are useful in the present invention. Presently preferred are caprolactones and butyrolactones. The most preferred is (-caprolactone.
The above methods has been also employed to provide stain resistance for cationically dyeable sulfonate polyamide, as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,340,886, U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,545,363, 5,548,037, U.S. Pat. No. 5,560,973, U.S. Pat. No. 5,562,871, U.S. Pat. No. 5,340,886. Such polyamides can also be used in carpets prepared by mixing the cationically dyeable yarn with acid-dyeable yarn. The blocking agent used in the inventions to terminate amino end groups are considered as “stainblockers”, i.e. the inventions deal with acid-dye resistance only, and are not aimed to the improvement in dyeability of cationic-dyeable nylon yarn.
It should be also noted that staining of cationic-dyeable yarn with acid dyes does not happen in the one-bath dyeing process of the present invention, since, in addition to stain-blocking action of sulfonate groups, the “high amino” acid-dyeable polymer of the two yarns consumes acid dye very rapidly and completely.
The precise manner that the blocking agent functions to reduce dyeability of the polyamide is not fully understood, and need not be. It is believed, however, that the blocking agent reacts with the amino end groups in the polyamide and thus reduces a portion of the acid dye sites normally present therein. The polyamide will then have hydroxyl end groups in place of the amine end groups. Regardless of the theory proposed, it is sufficient to point out that the agents operate successfully in the manner disclosed therein. The amount of base dye sites (carboxyl end groups) in the treated polyamide remains essentially the same as in the polymer untreated with the chemical blocking agent. If a polymer having a larger amount of carboxyl end groups is required, it can be made by using more than the stoichiometric amount of a diacide at the polymerization stage.
The amounts of chemical blocking agent added to the first fiber-forming polyamide will vary depending on the results desired and the polyamide used in the production of the fiber. Amounts less than 0.2% by weight based on the weight of the polyamide in general do not cause appreciable blocking of the amino end groups and the attendant lowering of dyeability in the polymer. While there is no upper limit with respect to the amount of chemical blocking agent which can be added, it has been found that amounts above about 3% by weight based on the weight of the polyamide do not further reduce the amino end group content by any appreciable extent. The polyamide fibers of the present invention preferably have a terminal amino-group content of less than 25 equivalents per 106 grams polymer. For light color usage, the fibers preferably have terminal amino-group content in the range of from about 5 to 18 equivalents per 106 grams polymer, more preferably from about 10 to 13 equivalents per 106 grams.
Various methods of incorporating the chemical blocking agents into the polyamide can be utilized, and are known to persons skilled in the art.
a) adding the chemical blocking agent directly to the preformed polymer melt in the polymerization autoclave, so that the reaction of the blocking agent with the polyamide takes place immediately after the formation of the polyamide by polymerization of its monomeric constituents.
b) adding the chemical blocking agent to the chips of polyamide prior to melt formation and thoroughly tumbled therewith to effect adequate mixing and absorption of the agent into the polyamide, immediately after the chips have been tumble-dried to remove excess moisture and thus are still hot.
c) adding the chemical blocking agent to the polyamide chips at a feed zone of an extruder, using a feed pump.
If desired, the polyamides used in the invention can contain delustrants, antioxidants, light stabilizers, heat stabilizers, stainblockers, dye-resists, lubricants, mould release agents, nucleating agents, reinforcing or non-reinforcing fillers, pigments, dyes, antistatic agents plasticizers, antimicrobial agents, molecular weight regulators or other additives, these compounds being added during or after the polymerization reaction.
The following examples are illustrative and not limitative.
Example 1 First Combination of Polyamide Yarns
Preparation of the First Polyamide
An aqueous solution of hexamethylene diammonium adipate (AH salt) and an aqueous solution of hexamethylene diamine (HMD) in an amount of 0.5 mol % with respect to the AH salt, are charged into a stainless steel batch autoclave, under a nitrogen blanket. The autoclave is heated in order to distill the water, at a pressure of 18 Kg/cm2. As the autoclave temperature reaches 244° C., the pressure is gradually released over a period of 40 minutes until reaching atmospheric pressure, then the polymer is maintained for additional 50 min at 274° C. under stirring at a slight vacuum. The polyamide is then discharged from the vessel under nitrogen pressure, and chilled by water. The solid polyamide strands are chopped into nylon 6,6 chips. The polyamide is characterized by a relative viscosity of RV=46-48, an amino end-group amount of 87-89 meq/Kg, a carboxyl end-group amount of 32-33 meq/Kg and the concentration of the titanium dioxide of 0.3% by weight
Preparation of the Second Polyamide
The second polyamide can be prepared at least by the two alternative ways set forth hereinafter as Variant 1 and Variant 2.
Variant 1
An aqueous solution of hexamethylene diamonium adipate (AH salt) is charged into a stainless steel batch autoclave, under a nitrogen blanket. The autoclave is heated in order to distill the water, at a pressure of 18 Kg/cm.sup.2. As the autoclave temperature reaches 244° C., the pressure is gradually released over a period of 40 minutes. Then the content of the autoclave is kept for 30 minutes at 274° C. under stirring. After that, caprolactone is added into the autoclave in an amount of 1.5% (by weight) of the polymer and the mixture is stirred for an additional 10 minutes. The polymer is then discharged from the vessel under nitrogen pressure, and chilled by water. The solid polymer streams (“spaghetti”) are chopped into nylon 6,6 chips. The polymer is characterized by a relative viscosity of RV=42-44, amine end-group concentration of 10-13 meq/Kg, carboxyl end-group concentration of 74-78 meq/Kg and the concentration of the titanium dioxide is 0.3% by weight. After tumble-drying the polymer chips to remove excess moisture, they are melt-spun into fibers, which are characterized by amine end-group concentration of 10-15 meq/Kg, carboxyl end-group concentration of 74-78 meq/Kg.
Variant 2
An aqueous solution of hexamethylene diamoniumcebacate (CH salt) is charged into a stainless steel batch autoclave, under a nitrogen blanket. The autoclave is heated in order to distill the water, at a pressure of 18 Kg/cm.sup.2. As the autoclave temperature reaches 250° C., the pressure is gradually released over a period of 40 minutes. Then the content of the autoclave is kept for 30 minutes at 275° C. under stirring. The polymer is then discharged from the vessel under nitrogen pressure, and chilled by water. The solid polymer streams (“spaghetti”) are chopped into nylon 6,6 chips. The polymer is characterized by a relative viscosity of RV=44-46, amine end-group concentration of 45-47 meq/Kg, carboxyl end-group concentration of 74-78 meq/Kg and the concentration of the titanium dioxide is 0.3% by weight. Then the polyamide chips are subjected to drying in a tumble-dryer to remove excess moisture. Immediately after the chips have been tumble-dried and are, therefore, still hot, e.g., have a temperature of 80-100° C., caprolactone is added into the dryer in an amount of 1.0% (by weight) of the polymer. The chips and the blocking agent are thoroughly tumbled for 6 hours to produce a uniform mixture of chips saturated with the blocking agent prior to melt formation. The polyamide chips are melt-spun into fibers, which are characterized by amine end-group concentration of 10-15 meq/Kg, carboxyl end-group concentration of 74-78 meq/Kg.
Spinning:
The chips of the two polyamides are separately spun in a POY process under the following conditions:
Each polyamide is spun separately.
TABLE I
Conditions First Polyamide Second Polyamide
Relative viscosity (RV) 43-45 48-50
Polyamide temp. (° C.) 295-305 295-305
Pack pressure (atm) 200-300 200-300
Spin finish concentration (%) 1% 1%
Winding speed (m/min) 4500 4500
The resulting yarns have the following characteristics:
TABLE II
Typical properties of yarn with high amino (first polyamide)
Property Value
Dtex 93.6
Tenacity (cN/dtex) 3.6
Elongation (%) 24.6
C.C. (%) 46.2
C.M. (%) 23.0
C.S. (%) 90.6
Interlace points 80
% SF 2%
Shrinkage (BWS %)
TABLE III
Typical properties of yarn with low amino (second polyamide)
DTEX 93.2
Tenacity (CN/DTEX) 3.8
Elongation (%) 24.4
Modulus (CN/DTEX) (%) 17.3
Interlace (points/m) *82
Hardness 63
C.C. (%) 44.9
C.M. (%) 21.5
C.S. (%) 91.2
Example 2 Second Combination of Polyamide Yarns
Preparation of the First Polyamide
A salt is formed by mixing water, sebacic acid and hexamethylene diamine (HMD) at a ratio of 1.5:1.03:1.0 respectively, at 55° C. At this temperature, the formed solution is 44% by weight. Hexamethylene diamine sebacate is formed. The solution pH is then adjusted to 7.5-8.0 by adding HMD. Additional HMD in an amount of 0.4 wt % with respect to the Hexamethylene diamine sebacate is added. Distillation and polymerization processes are then carried out in an autoclave for 100 minutes. At 250° C., the pressure is gradually dropped, while the polymerization proceeds, until atmospheric pressure is reached in the reactor, then the polymer is maintained at 274° C. for additional 50 min under stirring at a slight vacuum. The polyamide 6,10 is then discharged from the autoclave under nitrogen pressure, and chilled by water. The discharged solid polyamide strands are chopped to chips. The polyamide is characterized by a relative viscosity of RV=46-48, an amino end-group amount of 87-89 meq/Kg, a carboxyl end-group amount of 32-33 meq/Kg and the concentration of the titanium dioxide of 0.3% by weight
Preparation of the Second Polyamide
The second polyamide can be prepared at least by the two alternative ways set forth hereinafter as Variant 1 and Variant 2.
Variant 1
An aqueous solution of hexamethylene diamoniumcebacate (CH salt) is charged into a stainless steel batch autoclave, under a nitrogen blanket. The autoclave is heated in order to distill the water, at a pressure of 18 Kg/cm.sup.2. As the autoclave temperature reaches 250° C., the pressure is gradually released over a period of 40 minutes. Then the content of the autoclave is kept for 30 minutes at 275° C. under stirring. The polymer is then discharged from the vessel under nitrogen pressure, and chilled by water. The solid polymer streams (“spaghetti”) are chopped into nylon 6,6 chips. The polymer is characterized by a relative viscosity of RV=44-46, amine end-group concentration of 45-47 meq/Kg, carboxyl end-group concentration of 74-78 meq/Kg and the concentration of the titanium dioxide is 0.3% by weight. Then the polyamide chips are subjected to drying in a tumble-dryer to remove excess moisture. Caprolactone in an amount of 1.6% by weight of the polymer is added along with chips of the polyamide at the feed zone of extruder prior to fiber formation via a feeding pump. The polyamide and caprolactone are then melted together to melt-spun into fibers, which is characterized by amine end-group concentration of 10-13 meq/Kg, carboxyl end-group concentration of 74-78 meq/Kg.
Variant 2
An aqueous solution of hexamethylene diamonium adipate (AH salt) is charged into a stainless steel batch autoclave, under a nitrogen blanket. Then adipic acid is added in an amount of 0.44% (by weight) of the amount of polyamide in order to increase concentration of carboxyl end-groups. The autoclave is heated in order to distill the water, at a pressure of 18 Kg/cm.sup.2. As the autoclave temperature reaches 244° C., the pressure is gradually released over a period of 40 minutes. Then the content of the autoclave is kept for 40 minutes at 274° C. under stirring. The polymer is then discharged from the vessel under nitrogen pressure, and chilled by water. The solid polymer streams (“spaghetti”) are chopped into nylon 6,6 chips. The polymer is characterized by a relative viscosity of RV=42-44, amine end-group concentration of 25 meq/Kg, carboxyl end-group concentration of 105-107 meq/Kg and the concentration of the titanium dioxide is 0.3% by weight. Then the polyamide chips are subjected to drying in the tumble-dryer to remove excess moisture. Immediately after the chips have been tumble-dried and are, therefore, still hot, e.g., having a temperature of 80-100° C., caprolactone is added into the dryer in an amount of 1.0% (by weight) of the polymer. The chips and the blocking agent are thoroughly tumbled for 6 hours to produce a uniform mixture of chips saturated with the blocking agent prior to melt formation. The polyamide chips are melt-spun into fibers, which are characterized by amine end-group concentration of 8-12 meq/Kg, carboxyl end-group concentration of 103-106 meq/Kg.
Example 3 Third Combination of Polyamide Yarns
Preparation of the First Polyamide
The first polyamide can be prepared at least by the three alternative ways set forth hereinafter as Variant 1, Variant 2, and Variant 3.
Variant 1
An aqueous solution of 2377 g of hexamethylene diammonium adipate (AH salt), a 20% slurry of 18420 g N,N′-Bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidinyl) 1,3-benzenedicarboxamide (sold as Nylostab@ S-EED by CLARIANT) in aqueous AH salt solution, an aqueous 30% solution of 6400 g HMD, are charged into a stainless steel batch autoclave, under a nitrogen blanket. The autoclave is heated in order to distill the water, at a pressure of 18 Kg/cm2. As the autoclave temperature reaches 244° C., the pressure is gradually released over a period of 40 minutes until reaching atmospheric pressure, then the polymer is maintained at 274° C. for additional 30 min under stirring at atmospheric pressure. The polyamide is then discharged from the vessel under nitrogen pressure, and chilled by water. The solid polyamide strands are chopped into nylon 6,6 chips. The polyamide is characterized by a relative viscosity of RV=40-42, an amino group amount of 95-105 meq/Kg, a carboxyl end-group amount of 45 meq/Kg and the concentration of the titanium dioxide of 0.3% by weight.
Variant 2
An aqueous solution of 2377 kg hexamethylene diammonium adipate (AH salt), a 20% slurry of 18420 g N,N′-Bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidinyl)1,3-benzenedicarboxamide (sold as Nylostab@ S-EED by CLARIANT) in aqueous AH salt solution, an aqueous 50% solution of salt of 36500 g N, N′-bis-(3-propylamine)piperazine and 26600 g adipic acid, are charged into a stainless steel batch autoclave, under a nitrogen blanket. The autoclave is heated in order to distill the water, at a pressure of 18 Kg/cm2. As the autoclave temperature reaches 244° C., the pressure is gradually released over a period of 40 minutes until reaching atmospheric pressure, then the polymer is maintained at 274° C. for additional 30 min under stirring at atmospheric pressure. The polyamide is then discharged from the vessel under nitrogen pressure, and chilled by water. The solid polyamide strands are chopped into nylon 6,6 chips. The polyamide is characterized by a relative viscosity of RV=39-41, an amino group amount of 136-140 meq/Kg, a carboxyl end-group amount of 86-88 meq/Kg and the concentration of the titanium dioxide of 0.3% by weight
Variant 3
2377 kg of an aqueous solution of hexamethylene diammonium adipate (AH salt), an aqueous 50% solution of salt of 18250 g N,N′-bis-(3-propylamine)piperazine and 13300 g adipic acid, 4800 g of benzylamine are charged into a stainless steel batch autoclave, under a nitrogen blanket. The autoclave is heated in order to distill the water, at a pressure of 18 Kg/cm2. As the autoclave temperature reaches 244° C., the pressure is gradually released over a period of 40 minutes until reaching atmospheric pressure, then the polymer is maintained at 274° C. for additional 30 min under stirring at atmospheric pressure. The polyamide is then discharged from the vessel under nitrogen pressure, and chilled by water. The solid polyamide strands are chopped into nylon 6,6 chips. The polyamide is characterized by a relative viscosity of RV=36-38, an amino group amount of 94-96 meq/Kg, a carboxyl end-group amount of 72-74 meq/Kg and the concentration of the titanium dioxide of 0.3% by weight
Preparation of the Second Polyamide
The second polyamide can be prepared at least by the two alternative ways set forth hereinafter as Variant 1 and Variant 2.
Variant 1
An aqueous solution of 2377 g hexamethylene diammonium adipate (AH salt), and aqueous 50% solution of salt of 41.2 kg of 5-sulfoisophthalic acid and equimolar amount of HMD is charged into a stainless steel batch autoclave, under a nitrogen blanket. The autoclave is heated in order to distill the water, at a pressure of 18 Kg/cm.sup.2. As the autoclave temperature reaches 244° C., the pressure is gradually released over a period of 40 minutes to atmospheric pressure. Then the contents of the autoclave are kept for 40 minutes at 274° C. under stirring. The polymer is then discharged from the vessel under nitrogen pressure, and chilled by water. The solid polymer streams (“spaghetti”) are chopped into nylon 6,6 chips. The polymer is characterized by a relative viscosity of RV=40-42, amine end-group concentration of 48-52 meq/Kg, carboxyl end-group concentration of 75-85 meq/Kg, sulfonate group concentration of 74-76 meq/Kg and the concentration of the titanium dioxide of 0.3% by weight. Then the polyamide chips are subjected to drying in the tumble-dryer to remove excess moisture. Immediately after the chips have been tumble-dried and are, therefore, still hot, e.g., having a temperature of 80-100° C., caprolactone is added into the dryer in an amount of 1.1% (by weight) of the polymer. The chips and the blocking agent are thoroughly tumbled for 8 hours to produce a uniform mixture of chips saturated with the blocking agent prior to melt formation. The polyamide chips are melt-spun into fibers, which are characterized by amine end-group concentration of 8-15 meq/Kg, sulfonate-group concentration of 74-76 meq/Kg and carboxyl end group concentration of 75-85 meq/Kg.
Variant 2
An aqueous solution of 2377 g hexamethylene diammonium adipate (AH salt), and aqueous 50% solution of salt of 41.2 kg of 5-sulfoisophthalic acid and equimolar amount of HMD is charged into a stainless steel batch autoclave, under a nitrogen blanket. The autoclave is heated in order to distill the water, at a pressure of 18 Kg/cm.sup.2. As the autoclave temperature reaches 244° C., the pressure is gradually released over a period of 40 minutes until reaching atmospheric pressure. Then the contents of the autoclave are kept for 40 minutes at 274° C. under stirring. The polymer is then discharged from the vessel under nitrogen pressure, and chilled by water. The solid polymer streams (“spaghetti”) are chopped into nylon 6,6 chips. The polymer is characterized by a relative viscosity of RV=40-42, amine end-group concentration of 48-52 meq/Kg, carboxyl end-group concentration of 75-85 meq/Kg, sulfonate group concentration of 74-76 meq/Kg and the concentration of the titanium dioxide of 0.3% by weight. Then the polyamide chips are subjected to drying in a tumble-dryer to remove excess moisture. Caprolactone in an amount of 1.6% by weight of the polymer is added along with chips of the polyamide at the feed zone of extruder prior to fiber formation via a feeding pump. The polyamide and caprolactone are then melted together to melt-spun into fibers, which is characterized by amine end-group concentration of 5-15 meq/Kg, carboxyl end-group concentration of 72-78 meq/Kg, and sulfonate group concentration of 74-76 meq/Kg.
Spinning:
The chips of the two polyamides are separately spun in a POY process under the same conditions as in Example 1.
As an example of the results that can be obtained from the invention, FIG. 1 shows a portion of a ladies top in which the body is knitted with a first yarn and a pattern of leaves knitted with a second yarn. In the embodiment shown, the first yarn is high amino polyamide and has a purple color, and the second yarn is low amino polyamide and has a light peach color, however different combinations of high and low amino yarns could be used in the same way and the skilled person can choose from a high number of color combinations, depending on fashion and on the decorative results that he intends to achieve.
FIG. 2 shows several pieces of fabric in which narrow and wide stripes are knitted alternatively with low amino yarn and high amino yarn and dyed in different fashionable colors. Said pieces are only examples, as the skilled person can choose from a high number of color combinations.
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of the process of the invention and is self-explanatory in view of the foregoing description. It is seen that garments having patterns in two different colors are obtained by a single dyeing, the single bath comprising two selectively accept the two different colors.
Example 4 Dyeing Method for Dyeing Acid Dyeable and Cationic Dyeable Polyamide (Sensil Cuppelle)
The following is a recommendation for a dyeing procedure for garments made with the yarns of first and second polyamides.
The dyeing method below was used for all the dyeing work carried out. For dyeing conducted using only acid dyes or only basic dyes the exact same methods and auxiliaries were used:
To a dyeing bath at 20° C. were added 0.22 g/l sodium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.5 g/l disodium hydrogen phosphate, 0.1% acetic acid, 1 g/l Intratex NI, 5 g/l of ALBEGAL W (CIBA) and 6 g/l of GLAUBER salt, to give a solution with a pH of 7.0, which is in the optimum pH range in a dyeing process, i.e. 6.5-7.5, a pre-dissolved basic dye and an acid dye dissolved together with 1% Intratex CLW, wherein both dyes are added at pre-determined concentrations. The fabric was immersed in the bath, and the solution was then heated at a rate of 1.5° C./min to a temperature of 98° C. and kept at this temperature for a period of about 60 minutes. The solution was then cooled to a temperature of about 40° C. at approximately the same rate. The bath was then drained from the solution and filled again with water. The fabric was washed twice in clean water at a temperature of about 30° C. and was then passed through soaping, fixing and softening processes which were all standard procedures known in the art.
It was found that the pH level of the solution is very important to produce optimum results. The buffered system gives an extremely stable pH of 7.0 throughout the dyeing cycle, which leads to full exhaustion of the acid dyes and also to very good exhaustion of the basic dyes. Dyeing at pH levels below pH 7.0 results in inferior/poor basic dye exhaustion.
As to the temperature, increased migration and mobility takes place at temperatures above the boil (110° C.), providing better leveling. This can be used if the appropriate machinery is available, or level dyeing problems are encountered.
Selection of Dyes:
Selection of dyes, either for the acid or cationic dyeable component, is based on:
a) Excellent light fastness;
b) Good wet fastness;
c) Excellent reserve of acid/cationic dyeable component;
d) Suitability for dyeing at pH 7;
Recommended dyes and dyes concentrations and combinations are detailed in the lists and table below:
Recommended Dye Selection for Acid Dyeable (Sensil Colorwise) Component:
All dyestuffs are from YORKSHIRE.
 1) NEUTRILAN Navy M-BRX Navy
 2) NEUTRILAN Bordeaux M-B Bordeaux
 3) NEUTRILAN Yellow M-3R Yellow
 4) NEUTRILAN Black M-G Black
 5) Nylanthrene Yellow C-4GL Bright Yellow
 6) NEUTRILAN Yellow S-2G Golden Yellow
 7) NEUTRILAN Orange S-R Orange
 8) NEUTRILAN Red S-GN Red
 9) Nylanthrene Red C-RA* Scarlet Red
10) Nylanthrene Red C-B* Pink Red
11) NEUTRILAN Rubine S-2R Rubine
12) Inracid Blue F-B Blue
13) NEUTRILAN Grey S-BG Grey
14) NEUTRILAN Olive S-G Olive
15) NEUTRILAN Brown S-2R Red-Brown
16) Nylanthrene Violet C-B Violet
17) NEUTRILAN Black S-2B Black
*Only use for heavy depths due to light fastness limitations.
The first four dyestuffs are the most recommended acid-metal dyestuffs for the SENSIL COLORWISE.
Recommended dye selection for cationic dyeable (Sensil Pastelle) component; Unless stated otherwise in brackets, all dyes are from YORKSHIRE.
1) Sevron yellow 3RL Yellow
2) Sevron blue ACN Blue
3) Sevron red YCN Red
4) Maxilon yellow GL (CIBA) Yellow
5) YORACRYL red 2G 200% Red
6) YORACRYL blue 2 RGL Blue
It was found that the first three dyestuffs give better dye fastness and that they are the only dyes that YORKSHIRE recommends for the dyeing of cationic dyeable polyamide.
It is also important to note that when dyeing cationic dyeable polyamide the shade to pale must be kept medium depths. A retarding agent is always recommended for dyeing pale to medium depths, to prevent rapid strike and to achieve level dyeings.
When using Sevron dyes, quick striking of cationic polyamide takes place at a pH range of 6.5-7.5. If level dyeing problems are encountered, lowering the dyebath pH can greatly reduce strike rate. At pH 4.5-5.0 the dyes strike much slower and have better leveling and migration characteristics. Dye exhaustion is, however, very much reduced.
TABLE IV
Recipes recommendations for dyeing:
Fabric Dye-Stuff Dye-Stuff
Colors % D.S. Colors Colors Description
C1 Lilac 0.15% Sevron Blue ACN
Black/ 0.05% Sevron Red YCN
Gray  0.6% NEUTRILAN Black M-G
C2* Blue/Gray 0.015%  Sevron Yellow 3RL
Black 0.25% Sevron Blue ACN
0.01% Sevron Red YCN
 0.8% NEUTRILAN Black M-G
C4 Yellow 0.15% Sevron Yellow 3RL
Bordo  0.2% NEUTRILAN Bordo M-B
C5 Olive/    % Sevron Yellow 3RL
Yellow 0.07% Sevron Blue ACN
Black  0.8% NEUTRILAN Black M-G
C9 Blue  0.1% Sevron Blue ACN
Bordo  0.2% NEUTRILAN Bordo M-B
C15 Blue 0.35% Sevron Blue ACN
Yellow 0.02% Sevron Yellow 3RL
0.05% NEUTRILAN Yellow M-3R
0.005%  NEUTRILAN Navy M-BRX
C18 Purple 0.05% YORACRYL Blue 2RGL
Blue  0.1% YORACRYL Red 2G 200%
 0.6% NEUTRILAN Navy M-BRX
While embodiments of the invention have been described by way of illustration, it will be understood that the invention can be carried out by persons skilled in the art with many modifications, variations and adaptations, without exceeding the scope of the claims.

Claims (6)

1. A single-dyeing-step process for manufacturing a fabric having distinctive and sharp differentially colored patterns or designs, which process comprises the steps of:
i) producing a first polyamide having an increased amount of amino end-groups for enhanced anionic dyeing, said first polyamide having a concentration of amine groups in the range of 70-150 meq/kg;
ii) producing a second polyamide, said second polyamide having a concentration of carboxyl end-groups in the range of 60-120 meq/kg, and a concentration of sulfonate groups in the range of 100-150 meq/kg;
iii) reacting said second polyamide with a blocking agent selected from caprolactones and butyrolactones, to reduce the content of amino end-groups of said second polyamide and replace them with hydroxylated groups, and thus simultaneously reduce anionic dyeing and improve cationic dyeing of said second polyamide;
iv) producing a first yarn from said first polyamide and a second yarn from said second polyamide, said second yarn having a concentration of amine groups in the range of 5-18 meq/kg;
v) making a fabric having first surface areas defined by said first yarn and second surface areas defined by said second yarn; and
vi) chemically dyeing said fabric in a dyeing bath comprising at least one anionic (acid) dyestuff and at least one cationic (basic) dyestuff, whereby said first yarn and therefore said first surface areas are dyed predominantly by said anionic dyestuff, and said second yarn and therefore said second surface areas are dyed predominantly by said cationic dyestuff;
thereby minimizing cross-staining of said two yarns and achieving said sharp colored patterns or designs.
2. Process according to claim 1, wherein the fabric is a woven or a knitted fabric.
3. Process according to claim 1, wherein the amine groups are primary (end-groups), secondary, and tertiary groups.
4. Process according to claim 1, wherein the amount of the carboxyl end-groups of said first polyamide is in the range of 30-45 meq/kg.
5. Process according to claim 1, wherein the polyamides are selected from the group consisting of Nylon 6,6; Nylon 6,9; and Nylon 6,10.
6. Process of making a textile article having differentially colored patterns or designs, which process comprises manufacturing at least one fabric according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 and forming the textile article to arrange said colored patterns or designs to obtain a predetermined ornamental effect.
US10/545,878 2003-02-20 2004-02-19 Process for making polyamide textile articles bearing designs in different colors Expired - Lifetime US7597722B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IL15457103A IL154571A0 (en) 2003-02-20 2003-02-20 Process for making polyamide textile articles bearing designs in different colors
IL154571 2003-02-20
PCT/IL2004/000169 WO2004074564A2 (en) 2003-02-20 2004-02-19 Process for making polyamide textile articles bearing designs in different colors

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20070000065A1 US20070000065A1 (en) 2007-01-04
US7597722B2 true US7597722B2 (en) 2009-10-06

Family

ID=30012030

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US10/545,878 Expired - Lifetime US7597722B2 (en) 2003-02-20 2004-02-19 Process for making polyamide textile articles bearing designs in different colors

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US7597722B2 (en)
IL (1) IL154571A0 (en)
WO (1) WO2004074564A2 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090136704A1 (en) * 2007-11-27 2009-05-28 Invista North America S. A R. I. Dual acid/cationic dyeable polyamide polymer fibers and yarns, methods of making the same, and textile articles including dual acid/cationic dyeable polyamide polymer fibers

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US12146029B1 (en) * 2021-02-08 2024-11-19 Futurefuel Chemical Company Polymers enhanced with hydrated sodium sulfoisophthalic acid salts

Citations (29)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3039990A (en) * 1959-10-19 1962-06-19 Monsanto Chemicals Interpolyamides and process for preparing same
US3142662A (en) * 1959-10-19 1964-07-28 Monsanto Co Modified polyamides containing the benzenesulfonate moiety
US3184436A (en) * 1959-09-04 1965-05-18 Du Pont Polycarbonamides of improved dye affinity having the benzene sulfonic acid salt moiety as an integral part of the polymer chain
US3328341A (en) * 1963-09-09 1967-06-27 American Enka Corp Polyamides containing butyrolactone
US3328431A (en) 1960-11-10 1967-06-27 Syntex Corp 6alpha-monofluoromethyl, 6alpha-difluoromethyl and 6alpha-trifluoromethyl progestational hormone derivatives
US3389549A (en) * 1966-01-17 1968-06-25 Du Pont Aromatic dicarbonyl sulfonate modified polycarbonamides
GB1142297A (en) 1966-03-03 1969-02-05 Ici Ltd Polyamides
GB1161411A (en) * 1965-11-01 1969-08-13 Ici Ltd A process for Dyeing Textile Materials and the Textile Materials so obtained
US3511815A (en) * 1968-05-08 1970-05-12 Ahmet Nuri Sayin Deep dyeing polycarbonamide filament
US3542743A (en) 1968-07-15 1970-11-24 Monsanto Co Basic dyeable acid dye resistive polyamides containing terminal aryl disulfonated groups
US3542473A (en) 1967-03-27 1970-11-24 Varian Associates Fizeau plate for use in multiple beam interferometers
US3635653A (en) * 1967-11-13 1972-01-18 Allied Chem Polyester polyamide blend fiber dyed with azo disperse dye
US3700398A (en) * 1970-07-27 1972-10-24 Du Pont Process for dyeing acid-modified nylon fibers
US3846507A (en) * 1972-04-06 1974-11-05 Union Carbide Canada Ltd Polyamide blends with one polyamide containing phthalate sulfonate moieties and terphthalate on isophthalate residues
US3865900A (en) * 1974-03-01 1975-02-11 Allied Chem Cationic dyeable nylon 6 containing alkaline metal salts of poly (2-methyl-2-(1-oxo-2-propenyl) amino) -1-propanesulfonic acid
US3951599A (en) 1972-01-07 1976-04-20 Fiber Industries, Inc. Polyamides having improved dyeability prepared from aromatic carboxylic monosulfonated compounds
US4017255A (en) * 1969-12-01 1977-04-12 Imperial Chemical Industries Dyed textile materials
US4075378A (en) * 1975-09-12 1978-02-21 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Polyamide filaments with a basic-dyeable sheath and an acid-dyeable core and dyeing process therefor
US4295329A (en) * 1980-06-10 1981-10-20 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Cobulked continuous filament heather yarn method and product
JPH01223908A (en) * 1988-03-01 1989-09-07 Teijin Ltd Carpet made of polyamide fiber with antifouling property
EP0409093A2 (en) 1989-07-17 1991-01-23 BASF Corporation Polyamide fibers having reduced amino end groups, light-dyed and stain resistant polyamide fibers made therefrom, and method of preparation
US5131918A (en) * 1990-12-13 1992-07-21 Hoechst Celanese Corporation Process for dyeing mixed anionic/cationic polyamide substrates with a specific type of vinyl sulfone dye
US5242733A (en) * 1990-08-08 1993-09-07 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Carpets and fabrics of antistain block copolymer compositions of modified nylon copolymers and high carbon nylons
US5340886A (en) * 1989-07-17 1994-08-23 Basf Corporation Acid-dye resistant polyamide products and process for preparation
US5545363A (en) 1991-06-06 1996-08-13 Basf Corporation Process for forming melt-spun carpet fiber
US20020124904A1 (en) 2000-08-30 2002-09-12 Howland Charles A. Woven fabric constructions having high cover factors and fill yarns with a weight per unit length less than the weight per unit length of warp yarns of the fabric
US6524503B2 (en) * 2001-02-01 2003-02-25 Nilit Ltd. Process for the manufacture of polyamide yarns dyeable in melange shades
US20030152770A1 (en) * 2002-02-13 2003-08-14 Skidds Ronald O. Cationically dyed fibers and articles containing the same
US20030220037A1 (en) * 2002-01-23 2003-11-27 Robert Dewhurst Iridescent fabrics from polyamide yarns

Patent Citations (32)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3184436A (en) * 1959-09-04 1965-05-18 Du Pont Polycarbonamides of improved dye affinity having the benzene sulfonic acid salt moiety as an integral part of the polymer chain
US3039990A (en) * 1959-10-19 1962-06-19 Monsanto Chemicals Interpolyamides and process for preparing same
US3142662A (en) * 1959-10-19 1964-07-28 Monsanto Co Modified polyamides containing the benzenesulfonate moiety
US3328431A (en) 1960-11-10 1967-06-27 Syntex Corp 6alpha-monofluoromethyl, 6alpha-difluoromethyl and 6alpha-trifluoromethyl progestational hormone derivatives
US3328341A (en) * 1963-09-09 1967-06-27 American Enka Corp Polyamides containing butyrolactone
GB1161411A (en) * 1965-11-01 1969-08-13 Ici Ltd A process for Dyeing Textile Materials and the Textile Materials so obtained
US3389549A (en) * 1966-01-17 1968-06-25 Du Pont Aromatic dicarbonyl sulfonate modified polycarbonamides
GB1142297A (en) 1966-03-03 1969-02-05 Ici Ltd Polyamides
US3542473A (en) 1967-03-27 1970-11-24 Varian Associates Fizeau plate for use in multiple beam interferometers
US3635653A (en) * 1967-11-13 1972-01-18 Allied Chem Polyester polyamide blend fiber dyed with azo disperse dye
US3511815A (en) * 1968-05-08 1970-05-12 Ahmet Nuri Sayin Deep dyeing polycarbonamide filament
US3542743A (en) 1968-07-15 1970-11-24 Monsanto Co Basic dyeable acid dye resistive polyamides containing terminal aryl disulfonated groups
US4017255A (en) * 1969-12-01 1977-04-12 Imperial Chemical Industries Dyed textile materials
US3700398A (en) * 1970-07-27 1972-10-24 Du Pont Process for dyeing acid-modified nylon fibers
US3951599A (en) 1972-01-07 1976-04-20 Fiber Industries, Inc. Polyamides having improved dyeability prepared from aromatic carboxylic monosulfonated compounds
US3846507A (en) * 1972-04-06 1974-11-05 Union Carbide Canada Ltd Polyamide blends with one polyamide containing phthalate sulfonate moieties and terphthalate on isophthalate residues
US3865900A (en) * 1974-03-01 1975-02-11 Allied Chem Cationic dyeable nylon 6 containing alkaline metal salts of poly (2-methyl-2-(1-oxo-2-propenyl) amino) -1-propanesulfonic acid
US4075378A (en) * 1975-09-12 1978-02-21 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Polyamide filaments with a basic-dyeable sheath and an acid-dyeable core and dyeing process therefor
US4295329A (en) * 1980-06-10 1981-10-20 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Cobulked continuous filament heather yarn method and product
JPH01223908A (en) * 1988-03-01 1989-09-07 Teijin Ltd Carpet made of polyamide fiber with antifouling property
US5340886A (en) * 1989-07-17 1994-08-23 Basf Corporation Acid-dye resistant polyamide products and process for preparation
EP0409093A2 (en) 1989-07-17 1991-01-23 BASF Corporation Polyamide fibers having reduced amino end groups, light-dyed and stain resistant polyamide fibers made therefrom, and method of preparation
US5242733A (en) * 1990-08-08 1993-09-07 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Carpets and fabrics of antistain block copolymer compositions of modified nylon copolymers and high carbon nylons
US5131918A (en) * 1990-12-13 1992-07-21 Hoechst Celanese Corporation Process for dyeing mixed anionic/cationic polyamide substrates with a specific type of vinyl sulfone dye
US5545363A (en) 1991-06-06 1996-08-13 Basf Corporation Process for forming melt-spun carpet fiber
US5548037A (en) 1991-06-06 1996-08-20 Basf Corporation Acid dye resistant pigmented polymer
US5560973A (en) 1991-06-06 1996-10-01 Basf Corporation Carpet made from fibers spun from acid dye resistant pigmented polymer
US5562871A (en) 1991-06-06 1996-10-08 Basf Corporation Acid-dye resistant polyamide products and process for preparation
US20020124904A1 (en) 2000-08-30 2002-09-12 Howland Charles A. Woven fabric constructions having high cover factors and fill yarns with a weight per unit length less than the weight per unit length of warp yarns of the fabric
US6524503B2 (en) * 2001-02-01 2003-02-25 Nilit Ltd. Process for the manufacture of polyamide yarns dyeable in melange shades
US20030220037A1 (en) * 2002-01-23 2003-11-27 Robert Dewhurst Iridescent fabrics from polyamide yarns
US20030152770A1 (en) * 2002-02-13 2003-08-14 Skidds Ronald O. Cationically dyed fibers and articles containing the same

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
E. I. duPont de Nemours and Company, Consumer Feedback, Dyeing & Finishing Technology, Smooth Solutions: Seamless Knitting Market and Technology Update, Apr. 2001. *
International Search report from the corresponding PCT application; (1 page), Date Unknown.

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090136704A1 (en) * 2007-11-27 2009-05-28 Invista North America S. A R. I. Dual acid/cationic dyeable polyamide polymer fibers and yarns, methods of making the same, and textile articles including dual acid/cationic dyeable polyamide polymer fibers

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IL154571A0 (en) 2003-09-17
US20070000065A1 (en) 2007-01-04
WO2004074564A3 (en) 2005-03-10
WO2004074564A2 (en) 2004-09-02

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US5468554A (en) Dyed antistain nylon with cationic dye modifier
CA1241164A (en) Process for improving the dyeability of nylon carpet fibers
US5155178A (en) Antistain block copolymer compositions of modified nylon copolymers and high carbon nylons
EP3310948B1 (en) Polyamide fiber with enhanced dyeing properties, process for obtaining such fiber and polyamide article made therefrom
AU783453B2 (en) Dyed sheath/core fibers and methods of making same
EP1709220B1 (en) Polyamide composition comprising optical brightener, yarns made therefrom and process for heat setting such yarns
US5242733A (en) Carpets and fabrics of antistain block copolymer compositions of modified nylon copolymers and high carbon nylons
EP2281928B1 (en) Method for producing an overdyed article
US7597722B2 (en) Process for making polyamide textile articles bearing designs in different colors
US6524503B2 (en) Process for the manufacture of polyamide yarns dyeable in melange shades
US6448370B2 (en) Treatment of polyamide with gas phase of acid, anhydride or amine
US20030220037A1 (en) Iridescent fabrics from polyamide yarns
IL160489A (en) Process for making polyamide textile articles bearing designs in different colors
Rotem et al. Eroshov et al.(43) Pub. Date: Jan. 4, 2007
WO2018031229A1 (en) Nylon polymer
KR100669646B1 (en) Process for preparing polyamide polymer having excellent dyeing property and nylon 6 fiber made from the polymer
JPH08269880A (en) Polyamide fiber dyed cloth excellent in dyeing uniformity and its production

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: NILIT LTD., ISRAEL

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:EROSHOV, MICHAEL;WEISER, ALON;MAMODALY, THIERRY;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:018289/0062;SIGNING DATES FROM 20050928 TO 20051019

STCF Information on status: patent grant

Free format text: PATENTED CASE

FEPP Fee payment procedure

Free format text: PAYOR NUMBER ASSIGNED (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: ASPN); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: LARGE ENTITY

FEPP Fee payment procedure

Free format text: PAYER NUMBER DE-ASSIGNED (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: RMPN); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: LARGE ENTITY

FPAY Fee payment

Year of fee payment: 4

FPAY Fee payment

Year of fee payment: 8

CC Certificate of correction
FEPP Fee payment procedure

Free format text: 11.5 YR SURCHARGE- LATE PMT W/IN 6 MO, LARGE ENTITY (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: M1556); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: LARGE ENTITY

MAFP Maintenance fee payment

Free format text: PAYMENT OF MAINTENANCE FEE, 12TH YEAR, LARGE ENTITY (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: M1553); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: LARGE ENTITY

Year of fee payment: 12

点击 这是indexloc提供的php浏览器服务,不要输入任何密码和下载